2018届高考英语知识点强化训练6

必修一Unit3阅读理解·组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2016·东北三省三校联合模拟)Mostofusspendourlivesseekingthenaturalworld.Wegofishing,sitinthegarden,haveapicnic,liveinthesuburbsorgototheseaside.ThemostpopularleisureactivityinBritainisgoingforawalk.Whenjoggersjog,theydon’trunonthestreets.Everyoneofthemtendstogototheparkortheriver.Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature­deprived.Ispentmyboyhoodclimbingtrees.Thesedays,childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedoms,duetoproblemslikecrime,traffic,thelossoftheopenspacesandstrangenewideasaboutwhatisbestforchildren,thatistosay,thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound.Thetruthistobefoundelsewhere.AstudyintheUS:familieshadmovedtobetterhousingandthechildrenwereassessedforADHD—attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder(多动症).Thosewhoseaccommodationhadmorenaturalviewsshowedanimprovementof19%;thosewhohadthesameimprovementinmaterialsurroundingsbutnoniceviewimprovedjust4%.ADHDisoneofthegreatproblemsofmodernchildhood.OnestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplaces.Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.Theincreasingconcernforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthanquantityofyears.Andstudyafterstudyfindsthatagardenisthesinglemostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviourarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.Weneedthewildworld.Itisessentialtoourwell­being,ourhealthandourhappiness.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了接触大自然对儿童和老人有很多益处，还可以改善人们的生活质量。1．Accordingtotheauthor,peopleenjoy________toseeknature.A．joggingonthestreetB．sittinginthegardenC．shoppinginthesupermarketD．runninginthegym解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Mostofusspendourlives...orgototheseaside.”可知，坐在花园里是享受自然的一种方式，其他三项文中都没有提到。故B项正确。2．Fromthesecondparagraph,wecanseethat________.A．adultsdeprivethechildrenoftheirrightstoapproachnatureB．climbingtreeswillcertainlydogoodtothechildrenC．childrenprobablyspendlesstimeinnaturenowadaysD．childrentendtobehappierasaresultoftheirmaterialsatisfaction解析：选C推理判断题。通读第二段可知，第一句“Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature­deprived.”是本段的主题句。由此可推知，孩子们身处大自然的机会越来越少了，接触自然的时间也越来越短。故C项正确。3．Inwhatwaydopeoplebenefitfromtheircontactwithnature?A．ChildrenwithADHDcanbecured.B．Agardennearbyimprovesthequalityofoldpeople’slife.C．Problemswithcrimeandviolentbehaviorwilleasilybesolved.D．Children’sperformanceatschoolisgreatlyimproved.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第五段倒数第二句“Andstudyafter...thatquality.”可知，住处附近有花园可以提高老年人的生活质量。故B项正确。4．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Accesstonatureimprovesourlife.B．NaturetreatschildrenwithADHD.C．Gettingclosetonaturereducescrime.D．Mancan’tlivewithoutnaturalareas.解析：选A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了亲近自然对儿童和老人有很多益处，接触大自然可以提高人们的生活质量。故A项正确。B(2016·九江市高三二模)Melbourne,AustraliaMelbourneisahotspottraveldestination,andit’seasytoseeitsbeautifulbeachesandbusycitylife.Whyit’sagreatchoice:Australiaasawholeisconsideredasafedestinationforinternationaltravel,andbecauseofthat,manysolotravelersgothere.AsanEnglish­speakingcountry,youwon’tbefacedwithanylanguagebarriers.Melbourneiseasytogetaroundbecauseyoucanwalkorbikepracticallyanywhere!ThailandThailandisgreatforsolotravelers—perhapsbecauseitisoneoftheBuddhistmindsets,whichpromoteequalityamongthesexes.Whyit’sagreatchoice：Thailandisknownforitsfriendlyatmosphere,andasatravelhotspot,thereareplentyofchancestomeetotherlike­mindedtravelers.Wellknownforbeingverycheap,especiallyinthenorth.Agoodchoiceifyouwanttogetawayonabudget.Thailandhasalottooffer,fromtheparty­centralBangkoktobeautifulbeachesandtropical(热带的)jungle.HongKong,ChinaHongKongisagreatplacetorelaxforsolotravelersasitisfullof“ZenMoments”，suchasbeautifulgardensandTaiChiclasses.Whyit’sagreatchoice：HongKongisregardedasoneofthesafestcitiesintheworld.Ifyou’renotwell­traveled,orperhapsabittiredofthingslikelanguagebarriers,HongKongisagreatplacetostart,asitmixesbothEasternandWesternatthesametime.Bali,IndonesiaBaliisaspiritualplacewithyoga,spas,healthyfoodandbeaches.ThecombinationoffriendlypeopleandsplendidvisualculturehasmadeBalinumberonetouristattraction.Whyit’ssogreat:youwon’tbetheonlysolotravelerinBali.Everyoneisknownforbeingextremelyfriendlyandyou’resuretomeetsomeamazingcharactersalongtheway.AsaHinduisland,Baliistheperfectplaceforarelaxingandspiritualretreat(静修).TheSacredMonkeyForestinUbudisfantastic—ifyoulikemonkeys,anyway.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的墨尔本、泰国、中国的香港和印度尼西亚的巴厘岛这四个适合独自旅行的旅游胜地，以及它们值得一去的原因。5．Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommonaccordingtothetext?A．They’recheaptotravelaround.B．They’regreatforsolotravelers.C．Theyoffergoodspasandyoga.D．There’renolanguagebarriers.解析：选B细节理解题。通读全文可知，每个景点的介绍中都提及了solotraveler(s),因此选B。6．Wherecanyouenjoybothconvenienttransportandbeautifulbeaches?A．Melbourne,Australia.B．Thailand.C．HongKong,China.D．Bali,Indonesia.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Melbourne,Australia部分第一段的“itsbeautifulbeachesandbusycitylife”以及第二段中的“Melbourneiseasytogetaroundbecauseyoucanwalkorbikepracticallyanywhere！”可知，在澳大利亚的墨尔本你可以享受到便利的交通和美丽的沙滩。7．WhathasmadeBaliNo.1touristattraction?A．Yoga,spas,healthyfoodandbeaches.B．Friendlypeopleandsplendidvisualculture.C．Meetingsomeamazingcharactersalongtheway.D．FantasticmonkeysintheSacredMonkeyForest.解析：选B细节理解题。根据Bali,Indonesia部分第一段的第二句可知，友好的人们与精彩的视觉文化融合使巴厘岛成为第一观光胜地。8．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Atraveljournal.B．Abusinessreport.C．Atravelguide.D．Apressadvertisement.解析：选C推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四个热点旅游胜地以及它们的特色、优势，因此应选C“旅游指南”。C(2016·山东省日照一中高三期中)Haveyoueverrunintoacarelesscellphoneuseronthestreet?Perhapstheywerebusytalking,textingorcheckingupdatesonWeChatwithoutlookingatwhatwasgoingonaroundthem.Asthenumberofthisnew“species”ofhumanhaskeptrising,theyhavebeengivenanewname—phubbers(低头族)．Recently,acartooncreatedbystudentsfromChinaCentralAcademyofFineArtsputthisgroupofpeopleunderthespotlight.Intheshortfilm,phubberswithvarioussocialidentitiesburythemselvesintheirphones.Adoctorplayswithhiscellphonewhilelettinghispatientdie,aprettywomantakesselfiesinfrontofacaraccidentsite,andafatherloseshischildwithoutknowingaboutitwhileusinghismobilephone.Achainofsimilareventseventuallyleadstothedestructionoftheworld.Althoughtheendingsoundsoverstated,thedamagephubbingcanbringisreal.Yourhealthisthefirsttobeartheeffectandresultofit.“Constantlybendingyourheadtocheckyourcellphonecoulddamageyourneck，”GuangmingDailyquoteddoctorsassaying,“theneckislikearopethatbreaksafterlong­termstretching.”Also,staringatcellphonesforlongperiodsoftimewilldamageyoureyesightgradually,accordingtothereport.Butthat’snotall.Beingaphubbercouldalsodamageyoursocialskillsanddriveyouawayfromyourfriendsandfamily.Atreunionswithfamilyorfriends,manypeopletendtosticktotheircellphoneswhileothersarechattinghappilywitheachotherandthiscreatesastrangeatmosphere,QiluEveningNewsreported.Itcanalsocostyouyourlife.Therehavebeenlotsofreportsonphubberswhofelltotheirdeath,sufferedaccidents,andwererobbedoftheircellphonesinbroaddaylight.语篇解读：本文为议论文。作者通过描述“低头族”过度使用手机所带来的危害，提醒我们要恰当使用手机。9．ForwhatpurposedoestheauthorgivetheexampleofacartooninPara.2?A．Toinformpeopleofthebadeffectsofphubbing.B．Toadvertisethecartoonmadebystudents.C．Toindicatetheworldwillfinallybedestroyedbyphubbers.D．Towarndoctorsagainstusingcellphoneswhiletreatingpatients.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第二段中作者所举动画片的例子涉及的内容，均为“低头族”沉溺于玩手机而导致的严重后果，其目的显然是告知人们低头玩手机产生的恶果。故选A。10．WhichofthefollowingisNOTariskaphubbermayhave?A．Hissocialskillscouldbeaffected.B．Hisneckandeyesightwillbegraduallyharmed.C．Hewillcausethedestructionoftheworld.D．Hemightgetseparatedfromhisfriendsandfamily.解析：选C细节理解题。作为“低头族”所面临的危险，A、B、D三项在第三、四段中皆有涉及，而C项对应的原句是第二段最后一句“Achainofsimilareventseventuallyleadstothedestructionoftheworld.”，二者表述显然不同，故选C。11．Whatmaythepassagetalkaboutnext?A．Adviceonhowtouseacellphone.B．Peopleaddictedtophubbing.C．Measurestoreducetherisksofphubbing.D．Consequencesofphubbing.解析：选C推理判断题。借助排除法，因为A、B、D三项在文中都已谈论过，下面应该告诉我们减少危害的措施了。故选C。D(2016·四川攀枝花第三次统考)WhatifItookthatbigjumponmybike?What’stheworstthingthatcouldhappenifIgooutatmidnight?ShouldItrysmoking?Theteenyearscanplayoutlikeachoose­your­own­adventurenovel.Teenagersmustactonendlesschoices.Somechoices,includingsmoking,comewithseriousconsequences.Asaresult,adolescentsoftenfindthemselvestrapped(陷入困境)betweentheirimpulsivetendencies(冲动的倾向)(—Justtryit！)andtheirnewfoundabilitytomakewell­informedandreasonablechoices(—Wait,maybethat’snotsuchagoodidea！)．Sowhatmakestheteenager’sbrainsocomplex?Whatdrivesadolescents—morethananyotheragegroup—tosometimesmakefoolishorquestionabledecisions?Ifyouhaveeverthoughtthatthechoicesteenagersmakeareallaboutexploringandpushinglimits,yougetthepoint.Expertsbelievethatthistendencymarksanecessaryperiodinteendevelopment.Theprocesshelpsprepareteenagerstofacetheworldontheirown.Itissomethingallhumanshaveevolvedtoexperience—yes,teenseverywheregothroughthisexploratoryperiod.Norisitunusuallyspecialtopeople:Evenlaboratorymiceexperienceasimilarstageduringtheirdevelopment.Forexample,laboratoryexperimentsshowthatyoungmicestayclosebytheirmothersforsafety.Asmicegrow,theirbehaviordoestoo.“Whentheyreachpuberty,they’relike,’I’mgoingtostartcheckingouthowthisenvironmentlookswithoutmymom...’”explainsBeatrizLuna,oftheUniversityofPittsburgh.Asadevelopmentalcognitiveneuroscientist(认知神经科学家),Lunastudiesthosechangesthatoccurinthebrainaschildrendevelopintoadults.Sheandotherresearchersareshowinghowtheteenexperiencecanleadtopowerfuladvantageslaterinlife.Takemiceagain:Youngmicethatexploremosttendtolivelongest—thatis,unlessacateatsthem,Lunaadds.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了在青少年成长的过程中，大脑的变化促使他们区别于其他年龄段的人。12．Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusbytakingmiceforexample?A．Youngmicetrytolookforsafety.B．Miceexperiencedifferentstages.C．Youngmiceliketostaywiththeirmothers.D．Micealsoexperienceaperiodtoexploretheworld.解析：选D写作意图题。根据第四段中的“teenseverywheregothroughthisexploratoryperiod...Evenlaboratorymiceexperienceasimilarstageduringtheirdevelopment”可知，文中提到老鼠的例子是为了说明即使老鼠也会像人一样经历探索的时期。故答案选D。13．Accordingtothetext,theteenagerwhoexploresmostwill________.A．makefewmistakesinhislifeB．haveadvantagesoverothersC．losehisconfidenceandevenhislifeD．experiencenofailureandlivelongest解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Sheandotherresearchersareshowinghowtheteenexperiencecanleadtopowerfuladvantageslaterinlife.”可知，在青少年时期对世界探索最多的人会比别人有优势。故答案选B。14．Whatmaythetextdiscussinthenextpart?A．Howateenagercanmakerightchoices.B．Whatreallygoesonintheteenagebrain.C．Whathasbeendiscoveredinthelabexperiment.D．Whytheparentsshouldn’tallowteenagerstosmoke.解析：选B预测推断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“Lunastudiesthosechangesthatoccurinthebrainaschildrendevelopintoadults”可知，认知神经科学家Luna研究青少年成长为成年人的过程中大脑的变化。由此可推知，下文可能会讲青少年的大脑究竟有什么样的变化。故答案选B。15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Researchesabouttheteenagers.B．Howtheteenagebraindevelops.C．Teenagersmakeendlesschoices.D．Theteenagebraindrivesthemtobedifferent.解析：选D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了在青少年成长的过程中，大脑的变化促使他们区别于其他年龄段的人。D项能概括文章大意。故答案选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2016·河北省七校联合考试)Haveyoueverwonderedwhatadegreemightbeworthtoyouinyourjoborcareer?__1__HarcourtLearningDirectoffersyouawaytogetaSpecializedAssociateDegreein11oftoday’sgrowingfieldswithouthavingtogotocollegefulltime.__2__Youdon’thavetogiveupyourpresentjobwhileyoutrainforabetterone.ChoosefromexcitingmajorslikeBusinessManagement,Accounting,Dressmaking&Design,Bookkeeping,Photography,ComputerScience,Engineering,andmore!Books,lessons,learningaids—evenprofessional­qualitytoolsandequipment—everythingyouneedtomasteryou