Unit2MoralsandVirtues单元导学案高中英语人教版

Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPartOneTextOneMotheroftenthousandbabies“Lifeisprecious….Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?”ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.Asafiveyearoldgirl,LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”hermotherplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.=1\*GB3①Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!”Eightyearslater,LingraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollege(PUMC)withtheWenhaiScholarship,thehighestprizegiventograduates.SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.WithinSixmonths,shewasnamedachiefresidentphysician,apositionthatusuallytookfouryearstoachieve.Afterworkingforafewyears,shewassenttostudyinEuropeandthen,in1939,intheUS.ShegreatlyimpressedherAmericancolleagues,whoinvitedhertostay.Dr.Lin,however,rejectedtheoffer.Shewantedtoservethewomenandchildrenathome.In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOBGYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital,butjustafewmonthslater,thedepartmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar.Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.Shechargedverylowfeestotreatpatientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.ThenewPeople’sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.In1954,shewaselectedtothefirstNationalPeople’sCongressand,overthenextseveraldecades,sheheldmanyimportantpositions.Herheart,however,waselsewhere.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.“TheOBGYNdepartmentcaresfortwolives,”shetoldnewstaffinherdepartment.“Asdoctors,weshouldberesponsibleforthepatientsandtreatthemasoursister.”ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”,havingdeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.Sinceshehadnochildrenofherown,shelefthersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.Andevenasshelaydying,herfinalthoughtswereforothers.“I’mreadytogo,”shesaid.“Don’ttrytorescuemeanymore.Don’twastethemedicineanymore.”知识点链接=1\*GB3①Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!” “wouldrather”用法wouldrather表示“宁愿”，其常见用法为：1）wouldrather(not)dosth宁愿（不）做某事[例]Iwouldratherstartalittleearliertoavoidbeingcaughtintherushhourtraffic.2）wouldrather(not)havedonesth宁愿（没）做了某事（表示与现实相反）[例]Iwouldratherhavebeenmorecarefulatthattime.3）wouldratherdosththandosth宁愿做某事也不愿做某事=woulddosthratherthandosth或prefertodosthratherthandosth[例]Iwouldrathergooutforawalkthanstayathome.4）wouldrather后跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气wouldrathersbdidsth希望某人现在/将来做某事wouldrathersbhadnotdonesth宁愿某人没做过某事（带有责备意味）[例]IwouldratherIhadn’tattendedthelecture,itwassodisappointing.PartOneTextTwoThestoneintheroadOnceuponatimetherewasakingwhooftenthough,“Nothinggoodcanetoanationwhosepeopleonlyplainandexpectotherstosolvetheirproblems.”Oneday,hehadanidea.Earlyonemorning,thekingdisguisedhimselfandwenttoalocalvillage.Heplacedalargestoneinthemiddleofthemainstreetandhidgoldcoinsunderthestone.Thenhehidbehindahugemapletreeandwatched.Thefirstpersondownthestreetwasamilkmanwithhiscart.Hecrashedintothestone,spillingthemilkeverywhere.“Whatfoolputthisstonehere?”heshouted.Hepickedhimselfupandangrilywentaway.=1\*GB3①Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.Onewomentrippedoverthestoneandherwaterpotwentcrashingtotheground.Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.Thekingwatchedalldayasmanypeopleplainedaboutthestone,buthefoundnobodymakinganattempttomoveit.Thekingwasindespair.“Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighbourfromharm?”Justthen,thekingsawayounggirlingalong.Shewasthedaughterofalocalfarmer.Shehadbeenworkingalldayandwasverytired.Butwhenshesawthestone,shesaidtoherself,“Thisstoneisadangertoanyonewhoesdownthestreetafterdark.I’llmoveitoutoftheway.Thegirlpushedthestonewithallhermight.Afteragreatdealofeffort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.Imaginehersurprisewhenshesawthegoldcoinswherethestonehadbeen!Justthen,thekingsteppedoutfrombehindthetree.“Oh,sir,”thegirlsaid,“doesthisgoldbelongtoyou?Ifnot,wesurelymustfindtheowner,forhewillcertainlymissit.”Thekingsaid,“Mydear,thegoldismine.Iputitintheroadandmovedthestoneoverit.Nowthegoldisyours,becauseyouaretheonlypersonwhohaslearntthelessonIwantedtoteachmypeople.”知识点链接=1\*GB3①Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead. 独立主格结构语法功能只在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、方式、伴随等语法构成1）名词/（主格）代词+现在分词/过去分词2）名词/（主格）代词+形容词/副词/介词短语/名词语法特点可置于句首或句尾，常由逗号将其与句子其他成分分开，独立主格结构与句子之间不能使用任何连接词其逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在·名词+现在分词[例]Theyweretalkingtothenatives,theguideactingasinterpreter.·名词+过去分词[例]Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyesfixedontheblackboard.·名词+形容词[例]Handsredwiththecold,theyweremakingasnowman.·名词+副词[例]Themealover,thebosswentbacktothemeetingroomtocarryontheirdiscussion.·名词+介词短语[例]Theteacherenteredclassroom,abookunderherarm.·名词+名词[例]Hisbooknowabestseller,hefeltverypleased.注意独立主格结构有时可以和with复合结构互换[例]Autumning/Withautumning,thetreeleavesturnyellowandsomebirdsflytothesouth.PartTwoKeyWord1.moral1）adj.道德的；道义上的2）n.品行；道德；寓意2.virtuen.高尚的道德；美德；优点3.dilemman.进退两难的境地；困境4.moraldilemma道德困境5.faint1）v.昏倒；昏厥2）adj.不清楚的；微弱的6.illustratev.（举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图[拓展]同根词_______________n.说明7.preciousadj.珍惜的；宝贵的8.entrustv.委托；交付9.carrysbthroughsth帮助某人度过难关1）作及物动词短语时，意为“帮助某人度过难关”；“完成，把…进行到底”[例]Myconfidence,togetherwiththeskillsyoutaughtme,carriedmethroughtheEnglishexamsintheend.2）作不及物动词短语时，意为“履行（承诺）”，常跟介词on或with[例]Hehasprovedhecancarrythroughonhispromise.10.marriagen.结婚；婚姻_______________v.结婚；嫁；娶11.majorityn.大部分；大多数_______________大多数_______________占大多数[拓展]同根词_______________adj.大的，主要的vi.主修（+in）n.主修课程[拓展2]反义词_______________n.少数12.plainv.抱怨；发牢骚_______________（向某人）抱怨/投诉…[拓展]同根词_______________n.抱怨，投诉_______________投诉信_______________对…投诉13.tuitionn.（小组）教学；讲课14.feen.专业服务费；报酬15.tuitionfees学费16.respondv.回复；作出反应_______________（以…）对…作出反应[拓展]同根词17.responsen.回应_______________作为对…的回应_______________对…（不）作出反应18.unionn.协会；联合会；工会19.scholarshipn.奖学金20.hire1）v.聘任；雇佣；租用2）n.租借；租用21.physiciann.医师；（尤指）内科医生22.residentphysician住院医师23.colleaguen.同事24.rejectv.拒绝接受；不录用[拓展]同根词25.rejectionn.拒绝接受；否决26.appointv.1）vi.任命，委派_______________任命某人担任某职务_______________派某人任某职_______________委派某人做某事2）vt.约定，确定（时间、地点）_______________（为某事）确定…[拓展]同根词_______________adj.指定的，约定的_______________n.任命；委派_______________与某人有约_______________（与某人）约个时间_______________预约做某事_______________准时赴约/失约_______________必须预约27.clinicn.诊所；门诊部28.farawayadj.遥远的29.electv.选举；推选30.electionn.选举；推选；当选31.decaden.十年；十年期32.elsewhereadv.在别处；去别处33.tendv.照顾；倾向1）vt.&vi.照料，照管_______________照料某人/某物2）vi.往往会；趋于_______________常常会做某事，往往会做某事_______________趋于…[拓展]同根词_______________n.倾向_______________有做某事的倾向34.publishv.发表（作品）；出版35.staffn.员工；全体职员36.retirev.1）vi.&vt.（使）退休_______________从…退休_______________从…职位退休2）vi.（因伤）退出（比赛等）[拓展]同根词_______________n.退休_______________adj.已退休的37.savingn.节省；存款38.kindergartenn.学前班；幼儿园39.principlen.道德原则；法则40.passiveadj.被动的；顺从的41.scaredadj.害怕的；对…感到惊慌_______________害怕/担心某物_______________害怕做某事_______________害怕…42.scarev.受惊吓_______________把某人吓死_______________把…吓跑_______________恐吓某人做某事_______________adj.吓人的；恐怖的43.sharp1）adj.（变化）急剧的；（疼痛等）强烈的[例]Sincethebanwasannouncedtherehasbeenasharpdropincrime.2）adj.锋利的，尖的[例]Makesureyouuseagoodsharpknifetocutthechickenbreast.3）adj.（人或言语）尖锐的，严厉的[例]Challengingworkmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyougetolder.4）adv.（时间）…（点）整[例]Pleasebehereatseveno’clocksharp.[拓展]同根词_______________v.削弱；削尖_______________n.卷笔刀44.insurancen.保险；保险业45.energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的[拓展]同根词_______________n.精力；能量46.replacev.1）vt.替换，接替；代替，取代_______________（用B）接替/取代A2）vt.更新3）vt.把…放回原处[拓展1]近义词_____________________________________________[拓展]同根词_______________n.替换，更换；替代品；接替者47.accidentn.事故；车祸；失事48.operationn.手术；运行_______________给某人动手术（以治疗…）_______________使…运转_______________在工作中，使用中；有效_______________开始运转；开始生效[拓展]同根词_______________v.运转；动手术_______________给某人动手术（以治疗…）_______________n.操作人员；经营者49.whisper1）v.耳语；低语；悄声说_______________在某人耳边低声说（某事）_______________低声说某事_______________对某人低声说（某事）2）n.耳语；谣言_______________低声地50.midnightn.子夜；午夜51.import1）n.进口；进口商品2）v.进口；输入；引进51.export1）n.出口；出口商品2）v.出口；出口商品52.polen.（行星的）极；地极52.lapn.（坐着时的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈53.bite1）v.咬；叮；蜇2）n.咬；（咬下的）一口；咬伤_______________咬一口54.lipn.嘴唇55.assistv.帮助；援助_______________帮助某人做某事_______________帮助某人（做）某事_______________在某事上帮助某人[拓展]同根词_______________n.助手；售货员adj.助理的_______________n.援助_______________去帮助某人_______________在…的帮助下56.firstaid急救57.passaway去世58.chairmann.主席；主持人；董事长59.memoryn.记忆力；回忆_______________作为对…的纪念（通常用于已去世的人）[拓展]“in+n.+of”结构_______________称赞，歌颂_______________庆祝…_______________寻找_______________支持_______________管理_______________需要_______________控制_______________为了帮助_______________为向…表示敬意_______________支持60.chainn.一连串（人或事）；链子；链条61.cafén.咖啡馆；小餐馆62.waitressn.（餐馆的）女服务员63.pregnantadj.怀孕的；妊娠的64.disguise1）v.装扮；假扮；掩盖2）n.伪装65.maplen.枫树；槭树66.cartn.手推车；运货马车67.spillv.（使）洒出；（使）溢出68.tripover被…绊倒69.limpv.跛行；一瘸一拐地走70.tear1）n.眼泪；泪水_______________流泪_____