人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT1 Part 2 Learning About Language Using Language练习含答案

Part2LearningAboutLanguage&UsingLanguage基础过关练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyoua(pure)personalviewonhowwecanmakethebestuseoftime.

2.Inthe1960s,aGermanscientistmadearemarkable(find)whenobservinghoneybees.

3.(initial),thecomputersystemworkedwell,butthenitappearedtohavesomeimperfections.

4.Itisreportedthatthehousepricesinsomecitieshavedecreased10%inthepastseveralyears.

5.(2024福建福州一中模拟)Butyrate(丁酸盐)playsavitalroleindirectingthebody'sresponseto(infect).

6.Somepeopleblamethesmartphonetheirabsenceofmind.Yetinfact,people'sweakeningself-controlshouldberesponsible.

7.(2021天津3月)Afterseveral(frustrate)hoursofunsuccessfulattemptstofixit,myhusbandsuggestedwatchingtheMichaelJordandocumentary(纪录片)seriesTheLastDance.

8.Theprofessor(cast)anadmiringglanceattheboywhenheexpressedanamazingidea.

Ⅱ.单元语法专练题型(一)1.Theonlywaytogethereisbyboat,whichiswearrived.

2.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwashescoredthewinninggoal.

3.Theoldbuilding,behindwhichwasafamousuniversity,wasIusedtowork.

4.Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

5.HewonfirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcompetition.Thisistheteacherpraisedhim.

6.(2022新高考Ⅰ)Thecoreofyourrelationshipisyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.

7.(2019江苏)Thequestion,however,isthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.

8.Thenumberofsnakeshaddeclined.Herealizedthatitwasthereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.

题型(二)1.那就是我们学校的许多学生选择阅读电子书的原因。Thatisinourschoolreadelectronicbooks.

2.我的问题是她是否会准时参加演讲比赛。sheisgoingtotakepartinthespeechcontestontime.

3.如果把筷子的一部分放在水里,它们看起来就像断了一样。(asif;虚拟语气)Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooks.

4.我的建议是,如果你想上理想的大学,你应该从现在开始努力学习。Myadvicefromnowonifyouwanttogotoyouridealuniversity.

能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024重庆一中月考)Robotsinspacewillbeextracting(提取)goldfromasteroids(小行星)withintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.PeterDiamandis,thefounderofPlanetaryResources,saidthecompanyattemptstomaketheresourcesofspaceavailabletohumanity.Theinitialstage,tobeachievedinthenext18to24months,istolaunchaseriesofprivatetelescopeswhichwillorbitEarth.Thesewillbeusedtosearchfortherighttypeofasteroids.TheplanistousecommerciallybuiltroboticshipstoextractrocketfuelandvaluablemineralsfromtherocksthatregularlypassbyEarth.Diamandispredictsthattheycouldhavetheirversionofaspace-basedpetrolstationupandrunningby2025.Severalscientistsnotinvolvedintheprojectarguedthattheprojectwasdaring,difficultandverypricey.Theydonotseehowitcouldbecost-effective.ButthefounderofPlanetaryResourceshasatrackrecordinprofitingfromthespaceexplorationbusiness.Diamandiswasthefirstpersontosellridesintospacetotourists.“Beforewestartedsendingpeopleintospaceasprivatecitizens,peoplethoughtthatitwasaridiculousidea,”Diamandissaid.“Thisisalong-termproject.Butit'snotacharity.We'llmakemoney.”Theideathatasteroidscouldbeminedforresourceshasbeenaroundforyears.Thereareprobably1,500asteroidsthatpassnearEarthandthatwouldbegoodinitialtargets.Theyareatleast50meterswide,andDiamandisfigurestenpercentofthemhavewaterandothervaluableminerals.RichardBinzel,professorofPlanetaryScienceattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,says,“Theideamightbemanydecadesaheadofitstime.ButyouhavetostartsomewhereasitmightofferanewperspectiveonsavingEarthfromover-exploitation.”1.Whatissupposedtobethefirststepoftheproject?A.SendingrobotsintoEarth'sorbit.B.Sendingsometelescopesintospace.C.Buildingaspace-basedpetrolstation.D.Usingroboticshipstoextractrocketfuel.2.HowdidDiamandisusetomakemoneyfromthespaceexplorationbusiness?A.Byextractinggoldfromasteroids.B.Byprovidingspacetravelfortourists.C.Bybeingthefirstpersontogointospace.D.Bysellingticketstotourists'ridesintospace.3.WhatdoesRichardBinzelthinkoftheproject?A.Itisrisky.B.Itiscomplex.C.Itisworthwhile.D.Itisdemanding.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MiningAsteroidsB.HumansandAsteroidsC.SpaceExplorationinProgressD.TheProjectofExtractingMineralsⅡ.七选五(2024陕西榆林月考)CharacteristicsofanexcellentscientistThedictionarydefinesascientistasapersonhavingprofessionalknowledgeofoneormoresciences,especiallynaturalsciences.1Let'slookatsomecharacteristicsofanexcellentscientist.

CuriosityAnexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.ScientistssuchasThomasEdisonandGeorgeWestinghousediscoveredthingsmainlybecausetheywantedtoknowhowthingswork.2

PatienceBecomingascientisttakesalongtime.3Evenifyouthinkyouhavereceivedsomeeducationinscience,youstillhavealotofscientificresearchtodo.Ifyou'reaninstant-gratificationtypeofperson,thismaynotbethebestchoiceforyou.

Ethical(道德的)qualitiesInordertotrulydiscoveranduseknowledgeforthegreatergood,ascientistmusthaveadesiretoimprovepeople'slifeaswellastheenvironment,sincetheyarelinkedandtheycanaffectoneanotherinthelongrun.4Stickingtoanoldbeliefincontradictiontoproofisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn'tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.

Workinghabits5He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat'sneeded,andhe/shealsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.Networkingconnectshim/herwithcolleaguesworkingonsimilarprojectswherehe/shemaydiscoversomethingnew.

A.Tomakediscoveries,youhavetothinkdifferently.B.Thereareveryfewjobsthattakelongerthanthisone.C.Italsodefinesascientistassomeonewhousesscientificmethods.D.Oneofthemainplacesthatmanyscientistsworkinistheresearchlaboratory.E.Anexcellentscientisteventakesnotesofthesmallestobservationandkeepsitinmind.F.Ascientistmustreportfindingshonestlyregardlessofpersonalinterestsorpublicopinion.G.Withoutadrivetoaskquestionsorevenwonder,ascientistwillnevergettothefirststageofthescientificprocess.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅲ.完形填空(2024广西跨市联合适应性训练检测)Inhighschool,Ididascientificexperiment.Theexperimentmademe1thatsciencecouldteachusalot.Itteachesusthe2soweknowwherewearefrom.Thatday,Ifirmly3tobeascientist.Eversincethatday,Ihavestudiedharder4inallmyscience-relatedsubjects.Afterschool,IdomuchresearchonhowIcanbecomea5scientistinthefuture.

Oneofmy6formybecomingascientistisBarbaraMcClintock,whowasawardedthe1983NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.At25,shealreadyhadherPhDinbotany.Afterthat,shestartedher7astheleaderinthedevelopmentofmaizecytogenetics(玉米细胞遗传学)andshe8herselftothatresearchfortherestofherlife.

IfIamluckyandgiventhe9toachievemyambitionasascientist,IwanttobelikeDoctorMcClintock.She10somethingthathelpedtheotherscientists11thethingsaboutgenetics.

IknowIwillbeabletoachievemy12aslongasIputmyheartandperseveranceintoit.IfIachievemygoal,Iwillsharemy13ofsuccesswithallthekidswhoalsolovescienceandwanttobecomescientists.Myfuturewillbeas14asthestarsinthenightsky.However,myfutureisstillfar.Iwillmakethemostofthe15toachievemygreatestambitionofbecomingascientist.

1.A.suspectB.wonderC.realizeD.value2.A.schoolB.originC.growthD.study3.A.refusedB.volunteeredC.continuedD.decided4.A.especiallyB.possiblyC.properlyD.separately5.A.happyB.popularC.realD.careful6.A.experiencesB.persuasionsC.generationsD.inspirations7.A.attemptB.careerC.praiseD.tradition8.A.devotedB.invitedC.limitedD.decreased9.A.reasonB.freedomC.rightD.opportunity10.A.heardB.expectedC.discoveredD.awarded11.A.setoutB.figureoutC.stickoutD.breakout12.A.dreamB.rewardC.fameD.stage13.A.fortuneB.locationC.lightD.secret14.A.brightB.capableC.proudD.brave15.A.lessonB.presentC.mindD.heart

答案与分层梯度式解析UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSPart2LearningAboutLanguage&UsingLanguage基础过关练Ⅰ.1.purely考查副词。空格后是形容词personal,所以此处用副词修饰形容词,purelypersonalview意为“纯粹的个人观点”。故填purely。2.finding考查名词。空格处作made的宾语,由前面的不定冠词a可知应填名词finding。3.Initially考查副词。设空处位于句首,在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词。故填Initially。4.by考查介词。此处指某些城市的房价在过去几年里下降了10%,decreaseby...表示“下降了……”。故填by。5.infection考查名词。空格处作介词to的宾语,此处指身体对感染的反应,应用infect的名词形式。故填infection。6.for考查介词。blamesth.forsth.意为“把某事归咎于某物”,此处指有些人把心不在焉归咎于智能手机。故填for。7.frustrating考查形容词。设空处修饰其后的名词hours,应用以-ing结尾的形容词。故填frustrating。8.cast考查动词的时态。空格处是主句的谓语动词,根据语境和时间状语从句中谓语的时态可知,主句也用一般过去时,故填cast。castaglanceat...意为“看……一眼”。Ⅱ.题型(一)1.how句意:到达这里的唯一途径是乘船,这就是我们如何到达(这里)的。“wearrived”是表语从句,结合句意可知设空处在从句中作方式状语,表示“如何”,故填how。

2.when句意:对这个足球明星来说,最好的时刻是他踢进决胜球的时刻。“hescoredthewinninggoal”是表语从句,结合句意可知设空处在从句中作时间状语,故填when。

3.where句意:那座古老的建筑是我过去工作的地方,在它的后面有一所著名的大学。“Iusedtowork”是表语从句,结合句意可知设空处在从句中作地点状语,故填where。

4.what“myfatherhastaughtme”是表语从句,设空处在从句中作taught的直接宾语,表示“父亲教我的道理”,故填what。

5.why句意:他在英语写作比赛中获得了一等奖。这就是老师表扬他的原因。“theteacherpraisedhim”是表语从句,结合句意可知设空处表示“……的原因”,故填why。

6.that句意:你们的关系的核心是你们将一直在一起互相帮助。空前为系动词is,所以设空处引导表语从句,且从句“youwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother”意思完整,不缺成分,故应用that引导表语从句。7.whether句意:然而,问题是,这是不是发展中国家最需要的。空前为系动词is,所以设空处引导表语从句,且从句“thisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost”不缺成分,但根据“Thequestion”可知,设空处表示“是否”,故应用whether引导表语从句。8.because句意:蛇的数量减少了。他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温的侵袭。“thereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat”是表语从句,结合句意可知设空处表示“因为”,故填because。

题型(二)1.whymanystudents;chooseto2.Myquestioniswhether3.asiftheywerebroken4.isthatyoushouldstudyhard能力提升练Ⅰ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一个新的项目计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料。1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theinitialstage,tobeachievedinthenext18to24months,istolaunchaseriesofprivatetelescopeswhichwillorbitEarth.”可知,该项目的最初阶段是往太空发射一系列私人望远镜。故选B。2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Beforewestartedsendingpeopleintospaceasprivatecitizens,peoplethoughtthatitwasaridiculousidea...Thisisalong-termproject.Butit'snotacharity.We'llmakemoney.”可知,Diamandis以前通过为游客提供太空旅行来获取利益。故选B。3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段RichardBinzel说的话“Theideamightbemanydecadesaheadofitstime.ButyouhavetostartsomewhereasitmightofferanewperspectiveonsavingEarthfromover-exploitation.”可推知,RichardBinzel认为这个新的项目是值得开发的。故选C。4.A主旨大意题。根据第一段首句“RobotsinspacewillbeextractinggoldfromasteroidswithintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.”和第二段第三句“TheplanistousecommerciallybuiltroboticshipstoextractrocketfuelandvaluablemineralsfromtherocksthatregularlypassbyEarth.”可知,这篇文章主要介绍了一个新的项目计划从小行星上提取黄金等宝贵的矿物质和燃料。故选A。【高频词汇】1.availableadj.可获得的2.launchv.发射3.searchfor寻找4.targetn.目标5.perspectiven.视角6.demandingadj.要求高的;苛求的【熟词生义】backv.支持长难句原句RobotsinspacewillbeextractinggoldfromasteroidswithintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.分析本句为主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句,asplanned为状语从句的省略形式。译文如果一个由硅谷亿万富翁支持的新项目按计划进行,太空中的机器人将在十年内提取来自小行星的黄金。Ⅱ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然,凡是成功的科学家都有一些特别的品质。1.C细节句。空格处上句“Thedictionarydefinesascientistasaperson...sciences.”说明了字典对科学家这一名词的解释和理解。C项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人”接着解释这一名词,与上句构成并列关系,符合逻辑,其中“also”是关键信息。故选C。2.G细节句。空格处为段尾句。根据本段小标题“Curiosity”和第一句“Anexcellentscientistmustbeverycuriousaboutthings.”可知,该段说明科学家要具备的一个特征就是有好奇心。空格处应该与“好奇心”有关,所以G项“如果一个科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力,他就永远无法进入科学过程的第一阶段”符合语境,其中关键信息是“questions”和“wonder”。故选G。3.B细节句。根据本段小标题“Patience”和空格处上句“Becomingascientisttakesalongtime.”可知,成为科学家需要很长的时间并且需要一定的耐心。由此推知空格处应该介绍与“耐心”有关的内容。所以B项“很少有工作比这个工作需要更长的时间”符合语境,其中关键信息是“takelonger”。故选B。4.F细节句。根据本段小标题“Ethicalqualities”和空格处下文“Stickingtoanoldbeliefincontradictiontoproofisdishonest.However,thatbeliefshouldn'tbechangedwithoutpowerfulevidence.”可知,科学家要诚实、坚持真理,这是科学家特征的体现。由此推知,空格处应该介绍与科学家的“道德品质”有关的内容。F项“科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果,而不考虑个人利益或舆论”符合语境,其中关键信息是“honestly”。故选F。5.E细节句。根据本段小标题“Workinghabits”可知,本段主要讲工作习惯。设空处下句“He/Shecanworkwellaloneoringroups,dependingonwhat'sneeded,andhe/shealsoneedstocommunicatethoughtsonpaperandverbally.”介绍了科学家良好的工作习惯和工作能力。E项“一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结果并牢记在心”也是工作习惯。故选E。【高频词汇】1.characteristicn.特征;特点;品质adj.典型的;独特的2.definevt.给……下定义;界定;解释3.scientificadj.科学(上)的;关于科学的4.desiren.渴望;欲望v.渴望;期望5.affectv.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动6.beliefn.看法;信仰;信心【差距词汇】instant-gratificationadj.即时满足的长难句原句Inordertotrulydiscoveranduseknowledgeforthegreatergood,ascientistmusthaveadesiretoimprovepeople'slifeaswellastheenvironment,sincetheyarelinkedandtheycanaffectoneanotherinthelongrun.分析本句为主从复合句。Inorderto...短语作目的状语;since引导原因状语从句,其中的并列连词and连接两个并列分句。译文为了真正发现知识并使知识有更大的用处,科学家必须有改善人类生活和环境的愿望,因为这两者是相互联系的,而且从长远来看,它们会相互影响。Ⅲ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了高中时期的作者在某次做实验的时候,发现了科学能够教会我们很多东西,自此作者立志成为一名科学家,尽管未来很遥远,但作者会充分把握现在去实现梦想。1.C考查动词。后文“Itteachesusthe2soweknowwherewearefrom.”进一步描述科学教会了我们的具体