外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit5高考练含答案

Unit5Adelicateworld高考练阅读理解(2023新课标Ⅰ,B)WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.2.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totesttheeco-machine.3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C.TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.4.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself.B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.高考词汇站派生/合成词汇1.organicadj.有机的;生物的→n.生物,有机体2.fiberglassn.

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答案与分层梯度式解析Unit5Adelicateworld高考练◎语篇解读本文是记叙文,主要讲述了约翰·托德自孩童时代就对自然生态感兴趣,致力于此方面研究并应用于实践的经历。1.C推理判断题。根据文中描述约翰·托德的关键词(第一段中的“helovedtoexplore...observinghow...startedtowonderif...”和第二段中的“Afterstudying...Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.”)可概括推断出,约翰·托德自孩童时代就喜欢探究和质疑。因此C项“他有探究精神”符合题意。故选C。2.D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段第一句可知,约翰决定建造一个生态箱是为了清理污泥中的有害物质。第三段主要讲述了约翰的实验过程(把污泥放进水箱里并观察),第四段描述实验结果(这个生态箱里的动植物把污泥当成食物吃了)。由此可推断出,约翰把污泥放进水箱的目的是测试他研制的生态箱。故选D。学科思维本题属于跨段落命题,创新命题形式,加大了考生解题的难度。考生需要综合相关信息后进行整体推断,再对四个选项的含义进行一一甄别。3.B推理判断题。根据题干关键词Fuzhou可定位到第五段。根据第五段第一句中的“Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs”可知,约翰已经承担了很多大型工作。紧接着通过他的发明应用于南伯灵顿和福州的例子来说明他的想法在实践中的应用。故选B。4.A细节理解题。本文主要围绕第一段中约翰的疑问展开,正是在探索这个疑问中,他发明了“生态设计”,因此他发明的根源就是大自然的自我修复能力。最后一段中的“Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”也印证其工作依据就是大自然的“自我修复”这一理念。故选A。【高考词汇站】1.organism2.玻璃纤维3.认为4.放置,摆放长难句原句Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowond