高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语(新高考)七选五考点分类练4　逻辑关系类

高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024考点分类练(四)逻辑关系类Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023山东泰安二模)How

to

set

up

a

Library

of

ThingsInsteadofcluttering(乱堆放)ourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupaLibraryofThingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.

1

Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:

Talk

to

your

neighbours

2

Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Find

a

spaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.

3

Why

start

a

Library

of

Things?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!

4

InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmallLibraryofThingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfiveLibraryofThingslocationsacrossLondon.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4What

other

impact

on

the

local

area?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.

5

Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.TheLibraryofThingshasamultipliereffectlocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.Butinruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarycouldwork.E.Wewerealsogettingannoyedaboutwastewewerecreating.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmental-friendly,sharinglibrariesarepoppingup.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了开设一家共享物品馆的步骤和它对社会经济产生的积极作用。1.G

解析

上文“Instead

of

cluttering

our

homes,garages

and

the

planet,setting

up

a

Library

of

Things

allows

neighbours

to

borrow

and

share

huge,pricey

goods.”提到要建立物品馆,可知,空处承接上文,指出物品馆出现了,与G项“价格合理、方便且环保的共享物品馆正在涌现”符合,同时和下文“But

instead

of

borrowing

books,local

people

are

borrowing

drills,pasta

makers

and

guitars

for

an

affordable

fee.”构成转折关系,说明虽然共享物品馆涌现,但是人们没有去借书而是租借了其他物品。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage42.A

解析

根据下文“Link

into

local

networks

and

ask

people

to

vote

on

a‘wish

list’of

items

they

could

borrow.”可知,通过链接可以让人们对于可以借的物品进行投票是对A项“了解当地人是否需要共享物品馆”内容的承接,指出了解当地人是否对共享物品馆有需求这一问题的具体做法就是通过在网上让人们投票。3.D

解析

根据上文“Then

find

space

in

buildings

in

urban

areas

with

high

footfall

such

as

libraries

or

community

hubs.”可知,上文介绍了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空间建立共享物品馆,与D项“但在农村地区,移动共享物品馆可以发挥作用”构成转折关系,表明在乡村地区共享物品馆的形式和城市中的情况有所不同。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage44.E

解析

根据上文“We

were

living

in

a

small

house

and

needed

some

tools

to

put

up

shelves.We

didn’t

want

to

own

the

tools

and

hiring

them

was

expensive!”可知,我们不想为搭架子的工具花钱,和E项“我们也对自己制造的浪费感到恼火”都是对小标题“为什么建立物品馆”的原因举例说明。5.B

解析

上文“We’ve

run

very

successful

events”及下文“Borrowers

have

previously

tested

out

new

food

businesses...creating

local

jobs

and

supporting

the

local

community

spaces.”是对B项“物品馆在当地具有乘数效应”中的

multiplier

effect这一概念进行了解释说明,乘数效应是指在公共工程项目之后带来的消费水平和私人投资水平的上升,因为物品馆举办的活动使人们的就业机会增加并支持了当地的社区空间。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023广东潮州二模)MyheartwentouttothedramateacherIreadaboutinarecentnewsitem.EachparentfromherclassinsistedthatshecasttheirownchildasSnowWhite.Thisremindedmeofmyseventhgrademusical—“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer”.IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.

1

Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Iwasassignedthenon-singingroleofMissWatson,themaid.Ihadtowearanuglydress.AndIhadonlyonelinetolearn,“That’swhatIsay.”

2

MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.

Atlast,ourproductionwasputonstage.ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That’swhatIsay”.Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.

3

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Thatnight,Ibegantounderstandthatbeingthestarmaynotbeanymorefunthanbeingastand-outinasupportingrole.Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.

4

Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.

AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.

5

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Soitisinlife.B.Itwasnottobe.C.Itwasanythingbutagreatpart.D.MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.E.Ittooktheentirecasttomakeagoodshow.F.Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.G.Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过小时候一次戏剧表演中成功扮演了一个小角色的经历告诉我们生活中每个孩子都有机会取得成功。1.B

解析

根据空前的“I

desperately

wanted

to

play

the

role

of

Becky,the

female

lead

who

was

Tom’s

girlfriend.”可知,作者非常想扮演贝基这个角色,但是根据第二段内容可知,因为作者自身的条件,她演贝基这个角色是不可能的。由设空处上下文内容可知,此处应是一个承上启下的句子,所以B项“It

was

not

to

be.”符合题意。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage42.F

解析

根据空后的“Miss

Watson

was

onstage

in

quite

a

few

scenes,and

got

to

repeat‘That’s

what

I

say’throughout

the

play.”可知,作者虽然扮演的是个小角色,但是,作者认为对她来说是好事,因为她只需要说一句台词“那就是我说的”。所以F项“There

was

an

advantage,in

my

opinion,though.”符合题意,空后的句子是对设空处句子的解释。3.D

解析

根据空前的“Imagine

my

surprise

when

Miss

Watson...her

character

was

important

in

moving

the

plot

along.”可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受欢迎、很成功。所以D项“My

Miss

Watson

turned

out

to

be

a

hit.”符合题意。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage44.A

解析

由空前的“Each

person,onstage

and

backstage,is

essential

in

theater.Without

everyone

doing

their

part,the

play

would

be

dull

as

dirt.”可知,作者认为在戏剧中,台上和后台的每个人都是必不可少的。而根据空后的“If

everyone’s

a

star

then

nothing

gets

done.It’s

all

noise

and

chaos.”可知,作者把演戏和生活联系在一起,生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以,设空处的句子应该是一个承上启下的句子,故选A项。5.G

解析

由第四段内容可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受欢迎、很成功。再由空前的“And

so

I

believe

all

children

should

get

the

opportunity

to

play

Miss

Watson,to

become

someone

they

didn’t

know

they

wanted

to

be.”可知,作者认为所有的孩子都应该有机会扮演沃森小姐,也就是说所有的孩子都有机会成功。故选G项。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023山东青岛二模)Thebenefitsofwalkingaremany,butdecidinghowmanymilestocoverandhowmuchtimetospendwalkingeachdayisanothermatter.StudieshaveshownthattheaverageAmericantakesbetween3,000and4,000stepsdailydoingeverydaythings—about1.5to2miles.

1

ButtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)advisesmostadultstoaimfor10,000stepsadayorabout5miles.Andtherecommendationcontributestomorepositivehealthoutcomes.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4

2

Youcanmeasureyoureffortsinquantitiesoftimeinstead.“Asawalker,youshouldaimforatleast30minutesperday,oratotalof150minutesperweek,”saysAustin,alicensedpsychotherapist.What’smore,if30minutesofwalkingisunrealisticforyoutodoallatonce,thenbreakingitupintothreeshort,10-minutesessions.

3

Itmayalsobehelpfultohealthtomakewalkingapartofone’sdailyroutine.Peoplecantakethestairsinsteadoftheelevator,parkattheotherendofthelotandwalkafurtherdistancetoastore’sentrancewhenshopping.

4

Thenwalktherestofthewayhome.Alltheseadditionalstepscanbeacquiredcreatively,beyondfixedwalkingtime.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Ontopofsuchphysicalbenefits,walkinghasbeenshowntoimprovesleepandmentalhealthincludingmoodandself-esteem.

5

Therefore,itisfreeandwellacceptedbythemajorityofpeople.Ifoneisreadytoimproveoveralllevelsoffitness,walkingticksalltherightboxes.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Combinewalkingwitheverydayroutine.B.Theywillprovidethesamehealthbenefits.C.Whatifcountingresultsbymilesisn’tyourthing?D.Still,whynotgetoffpublictransportationastopearly?E.Walkingsessionsshouldbecontinuoustobebeneficial.F.Thatamountalonehasbeenshowntolowerone’sdeathrisk.G.Walkingrequiresnospecialequipment,gymmembershiportraining.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日常生活中步行的好处。1.F

解析

根据空前“Studies

have

shown

that

the

average

American

takes

between

3,000

and

4,000

steps

daily

doing

everyday

things

—

about

1.5

to

2

miles.”可知,这里继续介绍每天走3000到4000步的好处——可以降低死亡风险。故选F项。2.C

解析

根据空后“You

can

measure

your

efforts

in

quantities

of

time

instead.”可知,如果不喜欢用多少英里计算步行,也可以用时间来衡量。所以C项

“What

if

counting

results

by

miles

isn’t

your

thing?”符合上下文语境。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage43.B

解析

根据空前“What’s

more,if

30

minutes

of

walking

is

unrealistic

for

you

to

do

all

at

once,then

breaking

it

up

into

three

short,10-minute

sessions.”可知,不管是连续步行30分钟还是分成三个10分钟完成都能达到同样的健康好处。所以B项“They

will

provide

the

same

health

benefits.”符合上下文语境。4.D

解析

根据空后“Then

walk

the

rest

of

the

way

home.”可知,这里介绍日常生活中坐公共汽车可以提前一站下车,走着回家,达到步行锻炼的目的。故选D项。5.G

解析

根据空后“Therefore,it

is

free

and

well

accepted

by

the

majority

of

people.”可知,前后句是因果关系,说明步行免费的原因——不需要特殊的设备,也不需要会员资格或训练。故选G项。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023湖南怀化二模)Ifyouwanttomemorizesomethingquicklyandthoroughly,repetitionwon’tcutit.

1

Belowaresomeuniversalstepstomasteringtheartofrecallingsothatyoucanstartmemorizingatonofdatainashortamountoftime.Make

preparations.Paycloseattentiontowhichenvironmentyouchoose.Formostpeople,thismeanschoosinganareawithfewdistractions.Figureoutwhatismostbeneficialtoyourlearningsothatyoucangetstarted.Next,startdrinkingsometea.

2

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Record

what

you’re

memorizing.Thisisespeciallyusefulifyou’retryingtomemorizeinformationfromalecture.Useataperecordertotrackalloftheacquiredfactsbeingspokenandlistentoit.Ifyou’retryingtomemorizeaspeech,recordyourselfreadingthespeechaloudandlistentoyourselfspeaking.

3

Beforeyoustarttryingtorecalleverythingfrommemory,writeandre-writetheinformation.Nowthatyouhaveeverythingwrittendowninonesetofnotes,separatethemintosections.Youcanusecolorcodingtodifferentiatebetweensubjects.Thiswillhelpyoubecomemorefamiliarwithwhatyou’retryingtomemorize.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Apply

repetition

to

accumulated

memorization.

4

Asyoumemorizeeachsetofthetext,accumulateitbyaddingthenewinformationtowhatyou’vejustlearned.Thiswillkeepeverythingwithinyourshort-termmemoryfromfading.Keepdoingthisuntilyouhavememorizedthatsectionandyouareabletorecalltheentirething.Donotmoveontoanothersectionuntilyouhavememorizedthatonecompletely.

Teach

it

to

someone

(or

yourself).ThemosteffectivemethodformewhenIwasinschoolwastoteachtheinformationtosomeoneelse.

5

Ifwhatyou’velearnedneedstoberecitedliterally,thendothisinfrontofsomeoneaswellinordertogetafeelforwhatitwillbeliketorecitethetexttotheintendedaudience.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Take

a

break.Finally,letyourmindbreathe.Goforashorttimewithoutthinkingaboutwhatyoujustlearnedandcomebacktoitlateron.You’llfindoutwhatyoureallyknow,ofcourse,andthiswillhelpyoufocusonthesectionsyoumightbeweakestat.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Recallentiresections.B.However,recallingsomethingwill.C.Writeeverythingdownandsectionyournotes.D.Youcanlecturetheknowledgetosomeonesittingrightinfrontofyou.E.Foreachlineofthetext,repeatitafewtimesandtrytorecallitwithoutlooking.F.Whiledoingunrelatedtasks,goovertheinformationbylisteningtoyourtaperecordings.G.Manyscientificstudieshaveconfirmedgreenteaasanaturalfuelforimprovingmemory.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以在短时间内记住大量数据的方法。1.B

解析

上文“If

you

want

to

memorize

something

quic