高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语(新高考)七选五考点分类练1　小标题类

高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024考点分类练(一)小标题类Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023河南开封三模)Criticismhurtsevenwhenit’sconstructive.

1

Doyoupretendyoudidn’thearordoyouarguebacktodefendyourself?Infact,thereareactuallyotherwaysofhandlingcriticism!Thenexttimesomeonegivesyoufeedback,trydoingthefollowingthingsinstead.

Don’t

react

immediately.Gettingangrycanhappenreallyfast.Sometimesallittakesisamisplacedwordorthewrongone.Whileit’snormaltofeelthisway,trytocooloffandstaycalm.

2

Afterall,youdon’twanttosaysomethingyou’llendupregrettinglater!

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Assess

the

criticism.Sometimesthebestthingtodoistakeaquickstepbackandassessthecriticism:whosaiditandwhy?

3

Oraretheyjusttryingtobemean?Takingastepbackallowsyoutodetermineifperhapsthecriticismhassomerealvalueyouhadn’tseenbefore,orifit’sbettertojustbrushoffthecomment.

Don’t

take

it

personally.Rememberthatsometimespeopledothingsnottoattackyoupersonally,buttoventangerorfrustration.Socalmdownandbeasunderstandingasyoucan.

4

Meanwhile,lettheotherpersonknowthattheircriticismwasuncalledfor.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4

5

Ifthecriticismdoesactuallyhavesometruthtoit,thenthebestthingtodoisfigureouthowyoucanuseittoimprove.Getstraighttothepointandaskthepersonwhichpartofyourworkthey’dimproveandhow.Thatwayyounotonlyshowyouareinterestedindoingthingsbetter,butyouarealsoinvolvingthepersonwhocriticizedyou.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.Sohowdoyoureact?B.Useittoyouradvantage.C.Polishyourworkcarefully.D.Howaboutnegativefeedbackcatchingusbysurprise?E.Giveyourselfsometimetoprocesswhatyou’veheardbeforereacting.F.Aretheytryingtohelpyou,butdidnotcommunicatetheirpointofviewnicely?G.Choosingtotaketherightpathisdoingyourselfafavorandnotgettingangry.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些好的方法来帮助你更好地处理批评。1.A

解析

根据空后内容“Do

you

pretend

you

didn’t

hear

or

do

you

argue

back

to

defend

yourself?”可知,下文提到的是面对批评的时候,你会有何反应。A项“So

how

do

you

react?”引出下文的答句,与下文内容保持一致。2.E

解析

根据空前内容“While

it’s

normal

to

feel

this

way,try

to

cool

off

and

stay

calm.”可知,作者建议当生气的时候我们要试着冷静下来。E项

“Give

yourself

some

time

to

process

what

you’ve

heard

before

reacting.”与上文内容保持一致,同时引出下文“After

all,you

don’t

want

to

say

something

you’ll

end

up

regretting

later!”,因为只有给自己一些时间来消化所听到的内容才能让自己不会说出后悔的话。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage43.F

解析

根据上文“who

said

it

and

why”以及下文“Or

are

they

just

trying

to

be

mean?”可知,上下文都是和批评相关,围绕对批评进行的评估和提问。F项

“Are

they

trying

to

help

you,but

did

not

communicate

their

point

of

view

nicely?”也是提问,同时也和批评相关,符合上下文主要内容。4.G

解析

根据空前内容“Remember

that

sometimes

people

do

things

not

to

attack

you

personally,but

to

vent

anger

or

frustration.So

calm

down

and

be

as

understanding

as

you

can.”可知,作者建议当我们被批评的时候,要冷静下来尽可能去理解对方。G项

“Choosing

to

take

the

right

path

is

doing

yourself

a

favor

and

not

getting

angry.”与上文内容一致,都是建议我们要选择不生气、冷静。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage45.B

解析

设空处位置为小标题。根据下文内容可知,作者建议我们,当批评确实有道理的时候,我们可以选择利用批评找到提升自己的方式,所以本段的主要内容就是利用批评。B项

“Use

it

to

your

advantage.”符合本段内容。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023河南新乡三模)Left-handedpeoplemakeuparound12%oftheglobalpopulation.OnereallyinterestingfactthatIpickedupwasfromascientistwhobelievedthatleft-handedpeopletendedtobemoreindependentasaresultofhavingtoadapttoaworldthatislargelybuiltforright-handedindividuals.

1

More

likely

to

have

allergies

and

sleep

disordersAstudyfoundthatleft-handedpeoplewere11timesmorelikelytosufferfromallergiesthanright-handedfolk.

2

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Left-handed

people

use

the

right

side

of

the

brain

the

most

3

meaningthattherightsidecontrolstheleftsideofthebodyandtheotherwayaround.Hencethereisawell-knownsaying“onlyleft-handedpeopleareintheirrightminds”.Theright-handsideofthebrainisthoughttocontroltheleftsideofthebodyandtaskstodowiththeartsandcreativity.

Are

left-handed

people

smarter?

4

One2007study“Effectofhandednessonintelligencelevelofstudents”showsthatleftiesaremorelikelytohavehigherIQ.However,another2010study“Therelationshipbetweenhandpreference,handperformance,andgeneralcognitiveability”suggeststheexactopposite!

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4

5

Experimentsshowedthatwhengiventwotaskstocompletesimultaneously(同时),leftiesperformedbest.Thisisbecauseright-handedpeopletendtosolveproblemsbybreakingthemdownintopartsandanalyzingeachpieceoneatatime.Whileleft-handedpeopletendtolookattheproblemasawholeandusepattern-matchingtotryandsolveit.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.BetteratmultitaskingB.Smarterthantheright-handedC.Asweknow,thebrainiscross-wired,D.Thisonevariesdependingonhowdatedyoursourceis!E.Hereareafewmorefascinatingleft-handedpeoplefacts!F.Mixed-handedchildrenaremorelikelytoexperiencelanguageissues.G.Andleftiesweretwoandahalftimesmorelikelytosufferfromsleepdisorders.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了关于左撇子的一些有趣的事情。1.E

解析

根据上文可知,研究发现左撇子更独立,浏览下文可知接下来文章主要讲的是左撇子的一些有趣的事情,全文是总—分的结构,由此推知,空处承上启下。E项“Here

are

a

few

more

fascinating

left-handed

people

facts!”承接上文,引出下文,符合上下文语境。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage42.G

解析

根据本段标题“More

likely

to

have

allergies

and

sleep

disorders”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更容易有过敏和睡眠障碍。根据空前“A

study

found

that

left-handed

people

were

11

times

more

likely

to

suffer

from

allergies

than

right-handed

folk.”可知,此处讲的是左撇子更容易患过敏症,所以可以推断接下来应该讲的是睡眠障碍问题。G项“And

lefties

were

two

and

a

half

times

more

likely

to

suffer

from

sleep

disorders.”指出了左撇子更容易患有睡眠障碍,符合上下文语境。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage43.C

解析

根据本段小标题“Left-handed

people

use

the

right

side

of

the

brain

the

most”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更容易使用右脑。根据空后“meaning

that

the

right

side

controls

the

left

side

of

the

body

and

the

other

way

around”可知此处是在对左右脑的交叉控制这一事实进行解释,所以空处应该指出大脑是交叉控制的这一事实。C项“As

we

know,the

brain

is

cross-wired,”符合上下文语境。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage44.D

解析

根据本段小标题“Are

left-handed

people

smarter?”可知,本段主要围绕着左撇子是不是更聪明来展开。根据空后内容可知,关于左撇子的智商问题,不同日期的研究结果是不一样的。空处位于段首,应是对全段的概括,所以空处应该讲关于左撇子是不是更聪明这个问题的答案与消息来源的日期有关。D项“This

one

varies

depending

on

how

dated

your

source

is!”既回答了小标题的提问,同时也概括了全段,而且D项中的This

one指代小标题的问题,符合上下文语境。5.A

解析

根据本部分内容可知,左撇子在解决问题时更倾向于整体解决问题。空处为本段小标题,所以空处应该讲的是左撇子的另外一个有趣的事实——更善于把问题看作一个整体来解决。A项“Better

at

multitasking”指出左撇子善于处理多项任务,符合上下文语境。故选A项。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023河南周口二模)How

to

Overcome

AnxietyAnxietyisahealthyandnormalemotionthateveryoneoftenfeels.Anxietymay,however,developintoamentaldisorderthatreducesyourcapacitytocopewithdailystress.Whentryingtoovercomeit,youshouldnottrytogetridofyourfeelingsofanxietybutshouldaimtodevelopyourcopingabilitieswhenyoudofeelanxiety.

1

Herecomesomeusefultipstodevelopyouranti-anxietyabilities.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Examine

your

anxiety

2

Donotstartbeatingyourselfupaboutit,ortellyourselfunhelpfulthingssuchas“Iwillneverbeabletogetoutofthis”or“Iamincapable”.Understandthatyoucanovercomethis,andyouwill.

Identify

the

source

of

your

anxietyWhetheryouhaveapanicattackorasuddenroundofworryandfear,itisimportanttodeterminewhatiscausingyouranxiety.Issomethinginyourenvironmenttheprimarysource?

3

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Determine

if

your

worry

is

solvableIfyouknowwhatyourfearis,thenextstepistodetermineifitissomethingyoucandealwith,orsomethingthatonlytimecanmanage.Ifyourfearislargelyimaginationorcan’tbedealtwithnow,

4

Ifyourworryissomethingthatneedstobedealtwith,takestepstocreateacourseofaction.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4

5

Ifyourfearismind-consuming,takeamomenttothinkaboutthehonestandabsoluteworstthingthatcouldhappenasaresultofit.Perhapsyou’regettingreadytodoahugepresentation,andyoubegintopanic.Stopandthink“whatistheworstthatcouldhappen?”Nomatterhowcreativeyourresponsemaybe,thinkingcriticallywillleadtofindthatshoulditoccur,therearefewendingsthatcan’tbedealtwithinareasonablemanner.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.ConsidertheworstB.ThinkoutoftheboxC.Understandandacknowledgethatyouareanxious.D.maketheconsciousefforttoputitoutofyourmind.E.Youcanhandleanxietymoreeasilywhenyouareclearaboutwhatitis.F.Havingtheabilitytocopewiththeanxiousthoughtisthekeytoovercomingit.G.trywhateverittakestosolvetheproblembecauseyoucannotgetawaywithit.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些处理焦虑的方法和技巧。1.F

解析

上文“When

trying

to

overcome

it,you

should

not

try

to

get

rid

of

your

feelings

of

anxiety

but

should

aim

to

develop

your

coping

abilities

when

you

do

feel

anxiety.”说明克服焦虑的关键是提升处理情绪的能力。F项“Having

the

ability

to

cope

with

the

anxious

thought

is

the

key

to

overcoming

it.”中“the

ability

to

cope

with

the

anxious

thought”照应上文“coping

abilities

when

you

do

feel

anxiety”,衔接恰当。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage42.C

解析

下文“Do

not

start

beating

yourself

up

about

it,or

tell

yourself

unhelpful

things

such

as‘I

will

never

be

able

to

get

out

of

this’or‘I

am

incapable’.

”说明了面对焦虑时,不能自我怀疑和否定,要正视问题,而不是逃避它。C项“Understand

and

acknowledge

that

you

are

anxious.”说明正视焦虑是一个很好的开始,符合句意。3.E

解析

上文“Is

something

in

your

environment

the

primary

source?”说明要弄清楚焦虑的根源。E项“You

can

handle

anxiety

more

easily

when

you

are

clear

about

what

it

is.”说明了弄清楚焦虑来源有助于更好地处理焦虑,故选E项。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage44.D

解析

上文“If

your

fear

is

largely

imagination

or

can’t

be

dealt

with

now”提出了一种假设,D项“make

the

conscious

effort

to

put

it

out

of

your

mind.”提出了应对虚拟问题或者不能立刻解决的问题的应对方法,故选D项。5.A

解析

根据下文“If

your

fear

is

mind-consuming,take

a

moment

to

think

about

the

honest

and

absolute

worst

thing

that

could

happen

as

a

result

of

it.”并结合下文举例可知,本段主要说明要考虑到最糟糕的情况。故选A项。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4(2023湖北十堰二模)How

to

link

paragraphs

in

an

essayComposingessaysisanartthatyoumustmastertoscoregoodmarks.Foranyparagraphwritten,youmustbeabletolinkthatwiththeformerorthelatter.

1

Read,read,readTeacherssuggestthehabitofreadingtoenhanceyourqualityofwriting.

2

Notehowtheessayuseslinkingwordsandthecarefulselectionofthem.Payspecialattentiontotheflowandtheprofessionalmannerinwhichtheessayispresentedforreaders.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Be

aware

about

signposting

3

buttheirusemustalsobeknowncarefully.Beforeusingthemforyourpurpose,rememberthatagoodessayshouldessentiallyrelyonthesewordstohelpreadersunderstandthelogicandmakeitlookmorecoherent(连贯).

4

Justthatsomewordsconnectideasinyouressaydoesn’tmeanyoucanusethemasyoulike.Forshowinglikenessoragreeableness,usewordslikeagain,too,also,aswellas,ofcourse,andsoon.Ifyoushowcontradiction,useregardless,evenso,but,nonetheless,besidesandsoon.Forcausesandconditions,if,since,sothat,dueto,arewordsyoumustfallbackupon.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4Make

a

draftIfyouwishtoseehowyouressaystands,makeadraftandreaditthoroughly.

5

Askyourselfquestionsifthepointshavebeenexplainedwelloraretheyrelevanttothecontext.Ifyoufeelfewaspectsneedmoreemphasis,checkforthelinkingwordsandcorrectthemaccordingly.

Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4A.SticktothelogicB.PickwordscarefullyC.Ifstuck,youcantakehelpfromthefollowing4tips.D.Thatway,youwillbeabletofindyourownmistakesandcorrectthem.E.Readingthroughanumberofsampleessayswillhelpyoudesignbetteressays.F.Signpostsrefertolinkingwordsorphrasesassociatingoneparagraphwithsomeothers,G.Keepthese4tipsinmindandyouwillfacenotroublelinkingparagraphstotheessay.Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文,本文介绍了写作中衔接文章段落的一些技巧与建议。1.C

解析

上文“Composing

essays

is

an

art

that

you

must

master

to

score

good

marks.For

any

paragraph

written,you

must

be

able

to

link

that

with

the

former

or

the

latter.”阐述了写作中段落之间衔接的重要性;由本文标题“How

to

link

paragraphs

in

an

essay”以及通读下文可知,文章阐述了写作中衔接段落的一些策略和建议;C项“If

stuck,you

can

take

help

from

the

following

4

tips.”承上启下,阐明了文章的主旨,符合语境。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage42.E

解析

由小标题“Read,read,read”以及设空处上文“Teachers

suggest

the

habit

of

reading

to

enhance

your

quality

of

writing.”可知,本段建议多阅读;E项“Reading

through

a

number

of

sample

essays

will

help

you

design

better

essays.”承接上文,阐述认真通读范文对写作的益处;下文“Note

how

the

essay

uses

linking

words...essay

is

presented

for

readers.”阐述了阅读范文时要注意衔接词的使用以及文章流畅性和专业性。故选E项。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage43.F

解析

由小标题“Be

aware

about

signposting”以及下文“Before

using

them...logic

and

make

it

look

more

coherent.”可知,本段的建议是使用好路标词,使文章具有逻辑性和连贯性;F项“Signposts

refer

to

linking

words

or

phrases

associating

one

paragraph

with

some

others”,解释了什么是路标词,选项中的“Signposts”切合小标题中的“signposting”;下文“but

their

use

must

also

be

known

carefully”与选项构成转折关系,指出路标词虽然起到衔接作用,但是必须仔细了解路标词的用法,故选F项。4.B

解析

分析文章结构可知,设空处为小标题;由下文内容可知本段阐述的是衔接词的使用要根据表达的内容仔细选择,不是随心所欲的;B项“Pick

words

carefully”能够概括本段主旨,适合作为本段小标题。Passage1Passage2Passage3Passage45.D

解析

上文“If

you

wish

to

see

how

your

essay

stands,make

a

draft

and

read

it

thoroughly.”建议先拟一份草稿,通读一下;D项“That

way,you

will

be

able

to

find

your

own

mist