2022高考英语真题深度解读（全国卷1）

2022高考英语真题深度解读（全国卷1）

真题解读:

试卷导航

听力话题形式词数

1搭便车下车短对话18

2通宵赶项目短对话18

3寻找安静谈话地点短对话18

4糟心的邻居家的狗短对话11

5饭店订桌短对话17

6晚上聚餐安排长对话34

7公司搬迁计划长对话56

8艺术家采访长对话82

9平衡打工与学习长对话75

10一个运动员的经历自述独白98

语篇话题体裁词数

阅读理解A画家亨利•雷伯恩爵士展览应用文202+85

阅读理解BDorothyWickenden的书籍书评321+122

阅读理解C“空中之眼”的技术应用于无人机说明文320+142

阅读理解D征收的糖税来解决青少年儿童健康问题说明文325+127

阅读七选五五种维系异地友谊的方法应用文247+76

完形填空孩子们捉迷藏时坚持相互承认和尊重说明文276+184

语法填空中国商会博物馆所庆祝第一个国际茶日说明文242

短文改错骑自行车的好处议论文97

书面表达LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroom应用文100（左右）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试

卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选

项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和

阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.

2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?

A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject.

3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?

A.It'sbig.B.Itsquiet.C.It'snew.

4.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.

5.Whereistheman*stable?

A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.

第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22・5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、

C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，

每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两

遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?

A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.

7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?

A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.It*seasyto

hirepeople.

9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?

A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doone

departmentatatime.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?

A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howto

runamuseum.

11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?

A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedina

gallery.

12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?

A.Rembrandt's.B.Botticelli^,C.Rubens,.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.

14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?

A.March.B.August.C.October.

15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?

A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.He

gottiredofit.

16.WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn*sproblem?

A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?

A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.

18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?

A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewon

fifthplace.

19.Whichisthehardestfbrthespeaker?

A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.Representing

Botswana.

20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Hisplantogoforthegold.

B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.

C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

HenryRaeburn(1756-1823)

TheExhibition

Thisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkof

Scotland'sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfrom

collectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheld

inoverfortyyears.

LectureSeries

ScottishNationalPortrait（肖像画）Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthe

generalpublic.TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.

AnIntroductiontoRaeburnRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries

Sunday26Oct.,15.00Thursday30Oct.,13.10

DUNCANTHOMSONJUDYEGERTON

CharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburn'sRaeburnandArtist'sTraininginthe18th

PortraitsCentury

Thursday6Nov.,13.10Thursday13Nov.,13.10

NICHOLASPHILLIPSONMARTINPOSTLE

ExhibitionTimes

Monday-Saturday10.00—17.45Sunday12.00—17.45

Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.

Closed:24一26Decemberand1January.

Admission

£4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.

SchoolsandColleges

Aspeciallowentrancechargeoff2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-time

education,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswith

teachers.

21.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries1

A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.Thurs.13

Nov.

22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?

A.£4.B.£8.C.£12.D.£16.

23.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?

A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromart

schools.

C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswith

them.

语篇解读

关键词ScottishNationalPortraitGallery,SirHenryRaeburn

主旨概要主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利•雷伯恩爵士进行

的展览的相关情况。

雷伯恩(1756-1823年)亨利・雷伯恩，年幼父母双亡，沦为孤儿，

早年跟一金饰匠学艺，开始画细密画，后转师于爱丁堡画家大卫•马

To28岁时在伦敦认识雷诺兹，受其艺术深刻影响。次年赴意大

利考察学习两年，这时已形成自己的艺术个性，31岁重回爱丁堡

百科知识

建立自己的画室，接受肖像订件，到59岁才成为皇家美术学院院

±,66岁被英王乔治四世授予爵士称号，聘为苏格兰御用画家。

语言知识

重难点词Masterpieces代表作，available可得,

aseriesoflectures一系歹！J讲座，thegeneralpublic公众,accompanied

重难点词块

by陪同

Aspeciallowentrancechargeoff2perpersonisavailabletoallin

full-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,in

organisedgroupswithteachers.

长难句

所有全日制学生，包括学士学位以下的学生，都可以以有组织的教

师团体的形式，享受每人2英镑的特别低入学费。

【答案】21.B22.B23.C

【解析】

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburn'sEnglishContemporaries部分"Thursday30

Oct.（10月30日星期四）”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburn，sEnglish

Contemporarieso故选B项。

[22题详解】

细节理解题。根据Admission部分4<£4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyan

adultareadmittedfree.（4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。）”可

知，一对夫妇应付4+4=8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入

场费为8英镑。故选B项。

[23题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段Aspeciallowentrancechargeof£2perpersonis

availabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,in

organisedgroupswithteachers.（所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位

水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。）”

可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带

领。故选C项。

B

In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.一Dorothy

WoodruffandRosamondUnderwood一traveledtoasettlementintheRocky

Mountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.

Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo,toinstructthe

childrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.Theirstayin

ElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSociety

GirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothy

Woodruffsgranddaughter.

Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,

theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittle

privacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthe

morning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhouseto

findthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymud

overice.

InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoon

feminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls1decisiontogotoElkhead.A

hair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed（牵涉）

drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.Thebookendswith

RosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism（坚

忍）ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothy

Woodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehind

themountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnow

wasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,which

turnedwhiteinthewinter.0

24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?

A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.

C.lbwriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.

25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.

26.WhichpartofWickenden'swritingishair-raising?

A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.

C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.

27.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren'sstory.D.A

diaryentry.

语篇解读

关键词DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood,NothingDaunted:The

UnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestby

主旨概要本文简要介绍了DorothyWickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。

史密斯女子学院基本信息

中文名：史密斯女子学院

百科知识•

•英文名：SmithCollege

•位置:NorthamptonMassachusetts

•简称：Smith

•学校性质：私立院校，文理学院

•前时间：1871-09-01

•又名：SmithCollege（Northampton）ISmithcollege,

Northampton,MA|史密斯学院（北安普敦）I史密斯学院I美国史

密斯学院I美国史密斯学院（北安普敦）I美国smithcoUegel美国

史密斯女子学院

语言知识

重难点词Undertake承担,从事;entailed牵涉；stoicism坚忍

RockyMountains落基山脉；Thesweepof连绵一片；ablanketof

重难点词块

一大批，一大片

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthe

stoicism（坚忍）ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautiful

writing.Wickenden

很会讲故事。大地的辽阔和人民的坚忍不拔使她写出了一些优美

的文字。

长难句

"Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowall

aroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlyby

smallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturned

whiteinthe

winte对“当太阳落到山后，它散发出玫瑰色的光芒。然后一轮满月

升起。雪上只有一些小动物：

狐狸、土狼、老鼠和各种各样的野兔，它们在冬天变成了白色。”

【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.B

【解析】

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfrom

Auburn,N.Y.-DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlement

intheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.（1916年，来自纽约奥

本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩---DorothyWoodruff和RosamondUnderwood------

来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。）”可知，Dorothy

和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。

[25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段"Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlike

them,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywoke

upinthemorning.（他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，

几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。）”以及“Inspring,

thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.（在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。）”可知,

女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。

【26题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingofthe

railroads,whichentaileddrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblinding

snowstorms.（令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风

雪中钻穿落基山脉。）”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一

部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy1return

toAuburn.（这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。）”以及最后一段

uWickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicismofthe

peoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.（Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大

地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。）”可知，本文简要介绍

了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B

项。

C

Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityof

railwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?

Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky"technologyto

makingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基础设

施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.They

coulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsof

railinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.

Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityand

on-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbe

moreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailway

personnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20

billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenat

night,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthat

couldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews1efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-value

servicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseany

safetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflying

overhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.

Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorun

autonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingahead

ofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycould

signalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

28.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones1abilitytoworkat

highaltitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones*reliable

performanceinremoteareas.

29.Whatdoes"maintenance"underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

30.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?

A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.

31.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

D.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

语篇解读

关键词Drones,thesafetyandreliabilityofrailways

主旨概要应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时

又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。

百科知识无人机自动机场按照公路路网沿线有序部署，依照平台预设的任务

计划，无人机自主起飞，遵循云管控平台规划的巡检航线，开展巡

检任务，任务完成后自动降落回收，全流程可无需人工干预。得益

于图像分割与识别技术，无人机可对路面进行精准定位，采集的图

像实时传输至云端AI识别系统，自主识别道路落石、路面损坏、山

体滑坡等异常事件，输出公路安全风险评估报告。

语言知识

重难点词drones无人机；infrastructure基础设施；

重难点词Thatistheverylikely...很有可能..；high-tensionelectricallines高

块压电线；ona24/7basis每周7天、每天24小时运行

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartproviding

长难句higher-valueservicesfbrrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,

beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.通过使用最新的技术，无人

机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，检测铁路或道岔的故障，

以免引起任何安全问题

【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D

【解析】

[28题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexamine

high-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailway

linesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailway

tracksandswitchingpoints.（无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同

样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点

的正确位置）”可知使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可

能。故选A。

【29题详解】

词义猜测题。根据后文"ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespend

approximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenance

staff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.（据统计一，仅欧洲铁路

公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修

人员检查和维修铁路基础设施）”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于"inspect

andrepairtherailinfrastructure（检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That

includeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnel

safety"是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划线词和C项：

Inspectionandi•叩air（检修）含义相近。故选C。

【30题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:

theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,and

programmedtorunautonomously（工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念:未来的铁路

无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上运行，并被设定为自动运行）”可知铁路无

人机有望让火车自动运行。故选B。

【31题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人

机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailway

operatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplying

today's"eyesinthesky,7technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometersof

railtracksandinfrastructure（基石出设施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.（——

小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧

元?这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的

铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。）”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检

查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节

省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无

人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变

铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想,

适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。

D

TheGovernment'ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyas

Ministersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhas

shown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontaining

morethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（月巴

胖）.Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimesthe

recommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearfortheTreasury.

However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.

Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,which

willgotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugar

levelscutbymanufacturers（制造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnow

contain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers*effortstoavoid

thecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeen

forcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceor

import,dependingonthesugarcontent.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthe

sugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,

milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmall

companiesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.

Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositive

influencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（设

施）andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyand

activechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

32.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyfbrschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C.Toprotectchildren'shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

33.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheir

products.

C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts1sugar

content.

34.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?

A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.

ClassicCoke.

35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.

C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.

语篇解读

关键词sugartax,softdrinks,childhoodobesity

主旨概要文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青

少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。

软饮料(softdrink)：酒精含量低于0.5%(质量比)的天然的或人工

配制的饮料。又称清凉饮料、无醇饮料。所含酒精限指溶解香精、

百科知识

香料、色素等用的乙醇溶剂或乳酸饮料生产过程的副产物。

语言知识

重难点词obesity肥胖；manufacturers制造商；alcoholic含酒精的

sugartax糖税;softdrinks软饮料;childhoodobesity儿童肥胖；at

重难点词块

ahigherriskofthedisease高发病率；sportsfacilities运动设施

Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthree

timestherecommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskof

thedisease.

长难句

现在的儿童和青少年摄入的糖分是建议摄入量的三倍，使他们患病

的风险更高。

【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.B

【解析】

[32题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhich

appliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedto

helpreducechildhoodobesity.（该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫

升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。）〃可知，征收糖税的目的是

帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。

[33题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldin

shopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthe

tax.（此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避

免纳税。）〃可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。

【34题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中的"However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCoca

Cola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsetting

consumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthe

tax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanlmlitresperyear.（然而，一

些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼

消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到

100万升的小公司也是免税的。）〃可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖

品牌。故选D项。

[35题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中"Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernment

official,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsof

poundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.（根据——位政府官'员的说

法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了

数百万英镑）〃可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefiveways

tosustain（保持）long-distancefriendships.

•Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact

（联系）andsharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecalls

canbeachallenge.36

•Moreisn*talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeach

ofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.37.

Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoice

messagesorhavingagroupchat.

•Practiseempathy（共情）

38.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditional

timedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironment

shouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.

•39

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.

Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffort

goesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends1

birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenothingslipsbyyou.

•Don'trelyontechnologyalone

40,butlong-distancefriendships-evencloseones-mayrequiremore

consciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?

Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.Compensatebywritingletters

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

语篇解读

关键词fiveways,long-distancefriendships

主旨概要介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。

友谊是一种来自双向（或交互）关系的情感，即双方共同凝结的情

感，必须共同维系，任何单方面的示好或背离，不能称为友谊。友

百科知识谊以亲密为核心成分，亲密性也就成为衡量友谊程度的一个重要指

标。

语言知识

重难点词sustain保持；contact联系；empathy共情；

keepstrackof记录；day-to-daycommunication日常交流；