土力学英语词汇

-本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页--本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-土力学英语词汇(总10页)PAGE第一章soil土rock岩土sand沙土silt 粉土clay 粘土weathering 风化disintegration 分解;崩解decomposition 分解作用mineral 矿物crack 裂缝fracture 断裂;破裂debris 岩屑thermalstress 热应力rockmass 岩体sandstone 砂岩gravel 砾石parentrock 母岩naturalsoil 天然土;底土residualsoil 残积土transportedsoil 运积土moraine 冰泽igneousrock 火成岩granite 花岗岩basalt 玄武岩sedimentaryrock 沉积岩limestone 石灰岩shale 页岩alluvialsoil 冲积土wind-bornesoil 风积土loess 黄土dune 沙丘windblownsilt 风积尘土siltyclay 粉质粘土glacialsoil 冰川沉积土pleistoceneepoch 更新世glacialdeposit冰川沉积erosion 侵蚀boulder 漂石fragment 碎屑foundationengineering 基础工程bedrock 基岩glacialtill冰土unstratified 非层状的unconsolidated 不固结的heterogeneous 非均质的marshsoil 沼泽土muck淤泥,腐植土inorganicsoil无机土soilparticle 土粒void 孔隙solidphase 固相liquidphase 液相vaporphase 气相saturatedsoil 饱和土drysoil 干土originalmineral 原生矿物quartz 石英feldspar 长石isinglass 云母hornblende 角闪石pyroxene 辉石coarseness 粗度roundness 圆度secondarymineral 次生矿物kaolinite 高岭石illite 依利石montmorillonite 蒙脱石watercontent 含水量crystalstructure晶体结构crystalcell 晶胞alluminosilicate 铝硅酸盐isomorphousreplacement 同晶置换graingroup 粒组scree 卵石colloidalparticle 胶粒sieveanalysis 筛分析gradingcurve 粒晶分布曲线crystallattice 晶格hygroscopicwater 吸着水capillarywater 毛细管水gravitationalwater 重力水fabric 组构singlegrainfabric 单粒组构flocculentfabric 絮凝组构disperdedfabric 分散组构bulkdensity 湿密度unitweight 容重specificgravity 比重watercontent含水量voidratio 孔隙比porosity 孔隙率drydensity 干密度degreeofsaturation饱和度saturatedunitweight 饱和容重dryunitweight 干容重buoyantdensity 浮密度buoyantunitweight 浮容重relativedensity相对密度consistency 稠度liquidlimit 液限plasticlimit 塑限shrinkagelimit 缩限kneadingmethod 搓滚法liquid-plasticlimitcombineddevice 液塑限联合测定仪plasticityindex 塑性指数liquidityindex 液性指数compaction 压实，夯实classification 分类coarsegrainedsoil 粗粒土finegrainedsoil 细粒土liquefaction 液化第二章seepage渗透totalhead 总水头elevationhead 位置水头pressurehead 压力水头headloss 水头损失darcy’slaw 达西定律porewaterpressure 孔隙水压力coefficientofpermeability 渗透系数hydraulicgradient 水力坡降(水力梯度)flowpathlength 渗径长度constant-headtest 常水头试验falling-headtest 变水头试验pumpingtest 压水试验groundwater 地下水soillayers 土层Laplace’sEquation 拉普拉斯方程homogeneous 均质的isotropic各向同性的anisotropic 各向异性的incompressible 不可压缩的finitedifferencemethod 有限差分法finiteelementmethod 有限单元法boundaryelementmethod 边界单元法flownet 流网equipotentiallines 等势线flowlines 流线theprincipleofeffectivestress 有效应力原理totalstress 总应力effectivestress 有效应力piezometer 孔隙水压力计standpipe 测压管seepageforce渗流力liquefaction 液化boiling 砂沸heaving 隆起piping 管涌CriticalHydraulicGradient临界水力梯度第三章additionalstress（stressincrease） 附加应力at-rest 静止bulkunitweight 天然（湿）容重buoyantunitweight 浮容重centricload 中心荷载coefficientoflateralearthpressureatrest 静止土压力系数compatible 相容，协调concentratedload 点荷载，集中荷载contactpressure 基底压力dam 坝deposit沉（堆）积，沉（堆）积物eccentricload 偏心荷载effectiveoverburdenpressure 自重应力（有效）elastichalf-space 弹性半空间体embankment 堤坝，堤防，路堤embedmentdepth 埋置深度flexiblefoundation 柔性基础foundation 基础geostaticstress 自重应力geotechnicalengineering 岩土工程GL=groundlevel 地面GWL=groundwaterlevel 地下水位Ground 地基Heterogeneous 非均质Homogeneous 均质Hydraulicfill 水力吹填Heave 隆起In-situ 原位，现场Isotropic 各向同性Landfill 填埋场Lineload 线荷载Loadintensity 荷载强（集）度Majoraxis 主轴Man-madeground 人工地基Medium 介质Moment 力矩Momentofinertia 惯性矩Naturalground 天然地基Netcontactpressure 基底净压力（基底附加压力）Offsetting 偏心矩Overturning 倾覆Pointload 点荷载，几种荷载Principleofsuperposition 叠加原理Reclamation 围垦Retainingwall 挡（土）墙Rigidfoundation 刚性基础Sediment 沉积（淀），沉积（淀）物Semi-infinitemass 半无限体Settlement 沉降Solidwaste 固体废弃物Stratum （土，地）层Stripfoundation 条形基础Stressincrease 附加应力Superimposedstress 附加应力Thrust 推力Tracingpaper 描图（透明，透写）纸第四章,第五章architecturaldamage 建筑损伤 brittle 脆性caisson 沉箱，沉井coefficientofconsolidation 固结系数coefficientofvolumecompressibility 体积压缩系数collapsesettlement 湿陷沉降collapsiblesoil 湿陷性土compressiblelayer压缩层compression 压缩compressionindex压缩指数compressionmodulus 压缩摸量consolidation 固结consolidationanalogy 固结模型curvefitting 曲线拟合deformationmodulus 变形摸量degreeofconsolidation 固结度dialgauge 量表，百分表differentialsettlement 差异沉降dissipation 消散drained，drainage 排水drilledshaft 钻孔桩drivenpile 打入桩expansionindex 回弹指数expansivesoil 膨胀土floodgate 闸门half-closedlayer 单面排水层hoggingcrack 顶裂Hooke’slaw 虎克定律hystereticloop 回滞环in-situcompressioncurve 现场压缩曲线intactspecimen 原状试样isochrones 等时线loadingratio 荷载率loess 黄土masonry 砌体，砌石normallyconsolidated 正常固结oedometer 固结仪oedometertest 固结实验openlayer 双面排水层overconsolidated 超固结overconsolidationratio 超固结比peatysoil 泥炭土piezometer 孔压计poisson’sratio 泊松比porousstone 透水石preconsolidationpressure 前期固结应力primaryconsolidation 主固结reboundingcurve 回弹曲线recompressioncurve 再压缩曲线secondaryconsolidation 次固结settlement 沉降soilmass 土体soilskeleton 土骨架specimen 土样standpipe 测压管stratum（） 土层stresshistory 应力历史structuraldamage 结构损伤subsidence 沉陷swellingcurve 回弹曲线swellingindex 回弹指数timefactor 时间因数totalhead 总水头underconsolidated 欠固结underpin 托换undrained 不排水unevensettlement 不均匀沉降virgincompressioncurve 初始压缩曲线Young’smodulus 杨氏摸量第六章all-roundpressure围压anisotropic 非各项相等borehole 钻孔cohesion 凝聚力compression 压缩consolidated-drained 固结排水consolidated-quicksheartest 固结快剪试验consolidated-slowsheartest 固结慢剪试验consolidated-untrained 固结不排水creep 蠕变critical 极限的criticalstate 极限状态criticalvoidratio 临界孔隙比crushing 压碎cyclicrepeatload 循环荷载cylindricalspecimen圆柱试样densesand 紧砂density 密度deposition 沉积deviatorstress压力差dilatancy 膨胀directlysheartest 直剪试验drainagevolume 排水量dynamicload 动力荷载excavation 开挖failure 破坏failureenvelop 强度包线fracturing 破裂frictionangle 摩擦角frictionresistance 摩擦阻力hollowcylinder 空心圆柱interlocking 咬合intermediatestress 中主应力isotropic各项相等kneading 揉liquefaction 液化loosesand 松砂mohr-coulombfailurecriterion 摩尔-库仑破坏准则o-ring O形圈parameter 参数peakstress 峰值应力pedestal 底座piezometer 孔压计planestrain 平面应变porepressure 孔隙压力porepressurecoefficient 孔隙压力系数porousceramicstone 透水石principlestress 主应力remoldedsample 重塑土residualstrength 残余强度ringsheartest 圆环剪切试验rollerbearings 滚珠rubbermembrane 橡皮膜sampling 制样screw螺栓seepage 渗透sensitivity 灵敏度shear 剪切shearvanetest 十字板剪切试验shell 贝壳siltlamination 粉沙夹层slope 边坡specimen 试样stability 稳定strength 强度stresspath 应力路径torque 扭矩triaxialcompression 三轴压缩试验truetriaxialtest 真三轴试验unconfinedcompression 无侧限抗压试验unconsolidated-undrained 不固结不排水undisturbedsample 原状样verticalload 垂直荷载volumetricstrain 体积应变weakplane软弱面第七章Rankine’sTheoryofearthpressure 朗肯土压力理论Coloumb’sTheoryofearthpressure 库仑土压力理论earthpressure 土压力earthpressureatstaticstate 静止土压力activeearthpressure 主动土压力passiveearthpressure 被动土压力earthpressurecoefficient 土压力系数at-restearthpressurecoefficient 静止土压力系数activeearthpressurecoefficient 主动土压力系数passiveearthpressurecoefficient 被动土压力系数forcepolygon 力多边形bracingsystem 支撑系统第八章acceleration 加速度Bishop’smethod 毕肖普法Bish