CFA词汇表总结大全

Aabsoluteyieldspread绝对收益率价差accelerateddepreciationmethod加速折旧法accountform账户式accountingequation会计等式accrual（basis）accounting权责发生制accruedInterest（AI）应计利息accruedliabilities应计负债additionrule加法规则adverseopinion反面意见agencysecurity政府机构证券AggregateDemand（AD）总需求AggregateSupply（AS）总供给amortization①分期偿还②分期摊销anomalies异常现象anticipatoryhedge预期套期保值antidilutiveEPS反稀释每股收益arbitrage套利Asset-BackedSecurity（ABS）资产支持证券automaticstabilizers自动稳定器Available-For-Sale（AFS）securities待售证券averagecostmethod平均成本法averagefixedcost平均固定成本Bbalancedbudget平衡预算balancesheet（B/S）资产负债表bankdiscountyield银行贴现收益banker'sacceptancebill银行承兑汇票barriertoentry进入壁垒basicearningspershare每股基本收益binomialdistribution二项式分布bond-equivalentyield（BEY）债券等值收益率BookValue(BV)账面价值bootstrapping步步为营法breakevenpoint损益平衡点businesscycle经济周期Ccall（option）看涨期权callrisk提前赎回风险cap①封顶②上限期权capitalbudgeting资本预算capitalization（financialleverage）rate（caprate）资本化（财务杠杆）比率capitalizedinterest资本化利息capitallease融资租赁CapitalMarketLine（CML）资本市场线cashconversioncycle现金流转周期CashFlow（CF）现金流量changeinaccountingprinciple会计原则的变更cleanprice净价closed-endfund封闭式基金codeofethics道德守则coefficientofvariation(CV)变异系数CollateralizedBondObligation（CBO）资产抵押债券CollateralizedMortgageObligations（CMO）不动产抵押担保债券CommercialPaper（CP）商业票据commodityoption商品期权complexcapitalstructure复杂的资本结构comprehensiveIncome（CI）综合收益ConditionalPrepaymentRate（CPR）有条件提前偿付率conditionalprobability条件概率confidenceinterval置信区间confidencelevel置信水平confirmingevidencetrap有利信息陷阱ConsumerPriceIndex（CPI）消费者物价指数consumersurplus消费者剩余contingentclaims或有债权continuouslycompounded连续复利continuousrandomvariable连续随机变量contraaccount抵消账户convexity凸性corporatebonds公司债券corporategovernance公司治理correlation相关性cost-pushinflation成本推动型通货膨胀countryrisk国家风险couponrate票面利率couponstrips本息分离利息券covariance协方差covenant合同条款creditanalysis信用分析creditrating信用评级creditspread贷方价差（交易）creditspreadrisk信用溢价风险crosselasticityofdemand需求的交叉弹性Crowding-outeffect挤出效应cumulativeabsolutefrequency累积绝对频率currencyforward外汇远期合约currencyswap货币互换CurrentAsset（CA）流动资产CurrentLiability（CL）流动负债cyclicalunemployment周期性失业Ddataminingbias数据挖掘偏差debtsecurities债务证券defaultrisk违约风险deferredcouponbond递延息票债券deferredtaxasset递延税资产deferredtaxliabilities递延税负债demand-pullinflation需求拉动型通货膨胀depositexpansionmultiplier存款扩大乘数depreciation①折旧②贬值dilutedearningspershare稀释的每股收益discontinuedoperations停止经营discountedcashflowanalysis现金流贴现模型分析discountedpaybackperiod贴现回收期法discountrate贴现率discreterandomvariable离散型随机变量discretetime离散时间discreteuniformprobabilityfunction离散均匀概率函数discretionaryfiscalpolicy相机抉择的财政政策dollarduration货币久期Double-Declining-Balancedepreciation（DDB）双倍余额递减折旧法downgraderisk调低评级风险DuPontanalysis杜邦分析法duration久期Eearningsmultipliermodel收益乘数模型EffectiveAnnualRate（EAR）实际年利率effectiveduration有效久期efficientfrontier有效边界EfficientMarketHypothesis（EMH）有效市场假说elasticityofdemand需求弹性embeddedoption嵌入期权equityswap权益互换escalatorclause伸缩条款estimated(orfitted)parameters估计的参数值estimatedrateofreturn预期收益率European-styleoptionorEuropeanoption欧式期权eventrisk突发事件风险eventstudy事件研究exchangeoption交换期权exchangeraterisk汇率风险Exchange-tradedfunds(ETFs)交易所交易基金expendituremultiplier支出乘数explicitcost显性成本extensionrisk扩展风险Extraordinaryitem非常项目Ffactor①应收账款收买商号②抵押因子FederalReserveBoard（FRB/Fed）联邦储备委员会feedbacktheory反馈理论FinancialAccountingStandardsBoard（FASB）美国财务会计准则委员会financialstatementanalysis财务报表分析financingcashflow融资现金流First-In，First-Out（FIFO）先进先出法fiscalpolicy财政政策fixedincomesecurities固定收益证券floatingratebond浮动利率债券floor①交易大厅。②下限期权。flooragreement利率下限合约Flotationcost,F发行成本forwardcontract远期合约forwardexchangerate远期汇率ForwardRateAgreement（FRA）远期利率协议FreeCashFlow（FCF）自由现金流frictionalunemployment摩擦性失业fundamentals基本面futurescontract期货合约Ggeometricaverage几何平均GlobalInvestmentPerformanceStandardsTM（GIPS®）全球投资绩效标准going-concernassumption持续经营假设goodwill商誉gopublic公营化GrossDomesticProduct（GDP）国内生产总值Hharmonicmean调和平均数hedgefund对冲基金held-to-maturitysecurities持有至到期的证券HerfindahlindexorHerfindahl-Hirschmanindex赫芬德指数HoldingPeriodReturn（HPR）持有期收益HoldingPeriodYield（HPY）持有期收益hypothesistesting假设检验Iimpairment亏损incomeelasticity收入弹性IncomeStatement（I/S）损益表incometaxexpense所得税费用indexoption指数期权industrylife-cycle行业生命周期inflation通货膨胀intangibleassets无形资产interestrateforward利率远期合约interestrateoption利率期权InterestRateParity（IRP）利率平价理论interestraterisk利率风险interestrateswap利率互换interestratetree利率树InternalRateofReturn（IRR）内部收益率InternationalFinancialReportingStandard(IFRS)国际财务报告准则inventorymethodofdepreciation盘存折旧法invertedyieldcurve反向收益率曲线InvestmentCashFlow（ICF）投资现金流量InvestmentOpportunitySchedule（IOS）投资机会表InvestmentPolicyStatement(IPS)投资策略文件Jjuniorbond次级债券Kkurtosis峰态是指统计上的术语，用于和正态分布图高峰形态的比较。包括尖峰（leptokurtic）、中峰(mesokurtic)和低峰(platykurtic)。Llabormarket劳动力市场Laffercurve拉弗曲线Last-In，FirstOut（LIFO）后进先出法lawofdiminishingmarginalutility边际效用递减规律liabilities负债lognormaldistribution对数正态分布LondonInterBankOfferingRate（LIBOR）伦敦银行同业拆放利率long-termliability/debt长期负债look-aheadbias预测偏差lookbackoption回顾期权Mmacroeconomicfactor宏观经济因素ManagementDiscussionandAnalysis（MD&A）管理、讨论和分析marginalbenefit边际利益MarginalCost边际成本MarginalCostofCapital（MCC）边际资本成本MarginalRevenue（MR）边际收益margincall追加保证金通知marketablesecurities有价证券market-value-weightedseries市值加权指数matchingprinciple配比原则maturityvalue到期值minimumprice最低价格minimum-variancehedgeratio最小方差套期保值率minimumwage最低工资minorityinterests少数股东权益modifiedduration修正久期monetarypolicy货币政策money-supplyeffect货币供应效应monopolisticcompetition垄断竞争monopoly垄断MonteCarlosimulation蒙特卡罗模拟mortgagepay-throughbond抵押付款债券municipalbond（Muni）市政债券Nnegativeconvexity负凸性negotiablecertificateofdeposit可转让定期存单NetAssetValue资产净值NetOperatingIncome（NOI）营业净收入NetPresentValue（NPV）净现值nominalspread名义差价nominalyield名义收益率noncashitem非现金项目nondiversifiablerisk不能分散风险nonrefundable禁止再融资赎回noriskpremiumhypothesis无风险溢价假说normaldistribution正态分布notionalInterestOnly（IO）名义上的纯利息部分notionalprincipal名义本金Oobjectiveprobabilities客观概率off-balancesheetasset表外资产oligopoly寡头open-endfund开放式基金openmarketoperations公开市场操作operatingasset营运资产opportunitycost机会成本optimalcapitalstructure最佳资本结构Option-adjustedspread（OAS）期权调整价差Ordinaryleastsquares(OLS)最小二乘法overconfidencetrap过于信任陷阱Over-The-Counter（OTC）场外交易市场overvalued价格高估owner’sequity所有者权益PPaybackPeriod（PBP）回收期法percentage-of-completionmethod完成百分比法perfectmarket完美市场perpetuity①永久性（投资）②永续年金Phillipscurve菲利普斯曲线plainvanillainterestrateswap单纯利率互换potentialdepositexpansionmultiplier潜在存款扩大乘数preferredstock优先股prepaymentoption提前偿还期权prerefundedbonds提前支付地方政府债券pretaxincome税前利润price-cashflowratio价格现金流比率priceceiling价格上限Price/Earningsratio（P/Eratio）(alsoprice-earningsmultiple)市盈率pricefloor价格下限pricemultiple价格倍数pricesearchers价格寻找者pricetakers价格接受者PriceValueofaBasisPoint（PVBP）基点价格price-weightedindex价格权重指数primarymarket一级市场principal-agentproblem委托代理问题principalstrip本金剥离prior-periodadjustments前期调整prisoner’sdilemma囚犯的两难处境probabilitydensityfunction概率密度函数producersurplus生产者剩余productivity生产率profitmargin(alsonetprofitmargin)利润率profitability获利能力proformastatement试算报表proprietorship独资企业protectiveput保护性看跌（期权）proxystatement委托声明put-callparity看跌-看涨期权平价关系Qqualifiedopinion附保留意见quickratio速动比率quota限额Rrandomvariable随机变量RealEstateInvestmentTrusts（REITs）不动产投资信托基金realGDP真实GDPreinvestmentrisk再投资风险reportform报告式repurchaseagreements（Repo/RP）回购协议requiredreserveratio必要收益率ReturnOnEquity（ROE）净资产收益率returnontotalcapital总资本收益率revenuebond收益债券Roy’ssafetyfirstcriterion洛伊安全第一准则Ssalesbasismethod销售收入确认法samplingerror抽样误差scale排价scenarioanalysis情景分析SecuritiesandExchangeCommission（SEC）美国证券交易委员会SecurityMarketLine（SML）证券市场线sensitivityanalysis敏感性分析Sharperatio/measure夏普比率/测度shortfallrisk空头风险shortsale卖空significancelevel显著性水平skewness偏度spot①现货②现汇③即期standarddeviation标准差standarderror标准误StandardErroroftheEstimate（SEE）估计的标准误差standardPoor’s500stockIndex标准普尔500种股票指数statementofstockholders’equity股东权益表staticapproach静止策略staticspread(alsozero-volatilityspread)静态（零波动）价差staticyieldspread静态收益率差stoplossorder止损指令straightlinedepreciation直线折旧法strikeprice履约价格Student’st-distributionStudentt-分布subordinated(junior)bond次级债券SumoftheYears’Digitsmethod（SYD）年数总和（折旧）法supplycurve供给曲线survivorshipbias生存偏差sustainablegrowthrate可持续增长率swaparbitrage换汇套利swapspread互换价差symmetricinformation信息对称systematicrisk系统性风险Ttake-or-paycontract接受或付款契约tariffquota关税配额taxlosscarryforward税收损失递延taxpreferencetheory税收偏好理论taxespayable应付税额temporalmethod暂时法termstructureofvolatility