高考英语语法-形容词副词学生版

高考英语语法…形容词和副词

，•既考点详解I

I___________________________________________________I

【做题指导】

形容词和副词是语法填空的必考点，主要以“用括号中所给词的正确形式填空”的形式

考查考生。

1.形容词可作定语、表语、补语。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子缺定语、表语或补语，

要首先想到用形容词。

2.副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或整个句子。因此当设空

处作状语时，首先考虑要填副词。

3.做语篇型语法填空时，考生还需根据上下文及形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型来判断。

短文改错中，本该用形容词时却用了副词或其他词性，或本该用副词却用了形容词，要

根据形容词和副词的基本用法判断。此外平时复习时还要注意一些常见的形容词、副词辨析。

一、形容词和副词在句中的作用

1.形容词如：

Englishisausefullanguage.英语是一门有用的语言。（作语）

Englishisuseful.英语很有用。（作语）

IfindEnglishuseful.我觉得英语很有用。（作语）

2.副词如：

Hewalkedquicklyinordertogetthereontime.他为了按时到达那里，走得很快。（修饰___）

Hewalkedveryquickly.他走得很快。（）

Obviously.Ibelievewecanwinit.显然，我相信我能够赢得胜利。（）

♦考向2形容词、副词的比较等级

一、平级比较

1."as+形容词+（a/an）+名词+as"表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自

所在的位置。

，人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。

2."as+形容词/副词的原级+as"与"notas/so+形容词/副词的原级+as"表示同级比较,

即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同（不同）。

潸这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。

二、比较级

1.比较级的修饰语有：rather,much,still,any（否定句、疑问句中）,even,far,alot,abit,alittle,

agreatdeal等。

田HeismuchtallerthanYaoMing.他比姚明高多了。

bThebookisbetterbyfarthanthatone.这本书比那本书要好得多。

2.比较级的常见结构：

（1）“比较级+than”结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。

（2）由more,fewer,less+名词构成的比较级

3.比较级的特殊结构

（1）Themore...,themore…表示"越...，就越...."（more代表比较级）

2.“比较级+比较级”和“moreandmore+多音节词原级”表示“越来越……”

3."the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词"表示"两者中较..的那个"。

4.“no+比较级+than”结构表示“和……一样不……”

口典例剧折

（新课标I卷•语法填空）Scientistshaverespondedbynoting（note）thathungrybearsmaybe

congregating（聚集）aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion（错觉）thatpopulationsare

68(high)thantheyactuallyare.

三、最高级

1.最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notreally,not

quite,nothinglike。

•ThebridgebeingbuiltnowisbyfarthelongestacrosstheYellowRive匚

目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。

6'dliketobuythesecondmostexpensivecamera.

我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。

2.最高级意义的表达法

①the+最高级+比较范围

bThisappleisthebiggestofthefive.

②never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数

6haveneverreadabetterbookthanthis.

小试牛刀：

由朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译)

声为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。

由一你对他在会议上说的满意吗？

-不，不能再差了。

考向3倍数表达法

表示倍数的句型:

小试牛刀：

这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。（三种表达方式）

滑今年的产量是2008年的三倍。（两种表达方式）

干自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。

--

举考向4-ing形容词和-ed形容词：

I

1.以ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人……的”，常作定语；主要

用于说明事物，

表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。

2.以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）……的”，常作表语；通常

用于说明人，不

用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。

encourage令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的

astonishing令人惊呆的astonished惊呆的

moving令人感动的moved感动的

terrifying令人恐惧temfied感到恐惧的

puzzling令人困惑不解的puzzled感到困惑的

tiring令人厌倦的tired感到厌烦的

小试牛刀：

守他脸上露出了满意的微笑。

寸他告诉了我这个消息，声音很激动。

》考向5词类转换!

一、形容词变副词

痴百屋前面疏捻加ijS氯商或普赭系遴日卡号函

一般直接加，一元(e)去e加，一辅(y)改i加，le结尾e改y。

分别举例如下：quick-quickly;true—truly;happy-happily;possible—possibly

二、形容词后缀

l.-able以“-able”结尾的形容词一般有两种情况：

2.-al该词缀大多是加在名词后形成形容词的。

3.-ful这一后缀有两种情况：

(1)加在名词之后构成形容词；(2)加在动词之后；

4.-ical“-ical”同“ic”一样附加在名词或词干后构成形容词,意为“……的”、”……似的”、

“与……有关的”。

5.-ive"-ive”意为“……的”、"与……有关的"、“具有……，性质的”等。

6.-less“-less”加在名词、动词后，表示“无”、“缺

7.-(i)ous该形容词后缀意为“充满……的”、"具有……特征的"，加在名词、动词和形容

词之后。

难点剖析

意义有别的同根副词

hard努力地hardly几乎不

near附近nearly几乎，将近

high高highly高度地

most大多数mostly主要地

deep深入地deeply深深地

wide广阔地widely广泛地

late迟lately最近,近来

close靠近closely密切地.

free自由地freely免费地

just正好justly公正地

考点练透

一、单句填空用适当的形容词、副词或用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Thenumberofthetreesthatthevillagersplantedlastyearreachedasas

6,000,000.

2.Therewassosmokethattheycouldn'tseeacrossthehallway.

3.Mylittlebrotherisnotoldtogotoschool.

4.Inthatcase,thereisnothingyoucandothanwait.

5.1mustbegettingfat—Icandomytrousersup.

6.Theyarelittleinsectsthatwecannoteasilyseethemwithoureyes.

7.Therewaslittlefoodleftthenthatwehadtoturntothelocalpeopleforhelp.

8.Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuchshewasgetting.

9.1haven'tseenthemovieandmybrotherhaven't.

10.Heisalwaystellinglies,soIwillbelievehim.

11.Johnisverylazy.Hefallsbehindinhisstudies.

12.Twopassengersfellintothesea.,neitherofthemcouldswim.

13.WetalkedintothenightandIwasmovedbyhiswords,(deep)

14.1foundhistalkveryandIwasreallyinit.(interest)

15.Whoisthegreatestpoet(live)?

16.Themorewordsyouknow,the(easy)youcanread.

17.Davidhaswonthefirstprizeinsinging;heisstillveryexcitednowandfeels

(little)desiretogotobed.

18.Wehavea(month)rainfalloffourinchesinwinterhere.

19.Heisbyfarthe(good)studentinhisclass.

20.Ihavetwobrothersandbothofthemarethanme.Mybrothersare

friendlytome.(old)

21.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled(warm),andthankedhisstudentvery

muchforthesweetwater.

22.1leftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment(late)thatday.

23.Hemustbe(mental)disabled.

24.Maryfelt(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.

25.Itmighthavemadeitalittle(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhad

toturnaround,butthatdidn'tstopthekidsintheclass.

26.“Thatwouldbeavery(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroya

smallvillagelikeours,“Nicksaid.

27.“Butsuchasmallthingcouldn't(possible)destroyavillage.”

28.Wedranktogetherandtalked(merry)tillfarintothenight..

29.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,buthefeltveryhappysincethecrop

did“grow”(high).

30.“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactof

kindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe(sweet).^^

题组一真题在线

1.(江苏卷•单项填空)Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople

optionstoexercise.

A.casualB.regularC.flexibleD.tight

2.(新课标I卷•语法填空)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuch

oftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout

20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

3.(新课标II卷•语法填空)Heryearsofhardworkhave63(final)beenacknowledgedafter

acustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.

4.(新课标II卷•短文改错)SinceIwasakid,I'veconsidereddifferentIwouldliketo

jobs

do.First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.Then,whenIwasinthe

five

grade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch.

fifth

5.（•新课标III卷•语法填空）Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining61hardthatwe

couldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget（get）there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.

6.（新课标I卷•完形填空）And,evenifIweren't43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsabout

ourinstructorwasappealingenoughtome.

A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired

7.（新课标I卷・完形填空）Thebaywas45insunshine,andtherewasagroupofkayakers

around150mofftheshore.Gettingalittle46,1realizedonekayak（皮刻I艇）wasintrouble.

45.A.bathedB.cleanC.deepD.formed

46.A.fasterB.closerC.heavierD.wiser

8.（新课标I卷・语法填空）Atasteformeatis63（actual）behindthechange:Animportant

partofitscomisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.

9.（江苏卷•单项填空）Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanageristoinvestin

sufficienttrainingforhisstaff.

A.keenB.reluctantC.anxiousD.ready

10.（浙江卷•语法填空）Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62

（afford）butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63（high）costonyour

health.

11.（全国新课标卷I）However,he（care）nottogotoextremes.

12.（全国新课标卷II）Steamengineswereused（use）topullthecarriagesanditmusthave

been6（fair）unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.

13.（全国新课标卷H）TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost10（success）of

thesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,

andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.

14.（全国新课标卷HI）Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis10（certain）funbut

thelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodel

anymore.'1

题组二名校模拟

I.单项填空

1.（江苏高三开学考试）Lookingyoustraightintheeyedoesnotmeanthepersonistellingthe

truth.Experiencedliarsoftendothisina（n）___way,playingonpeoplebelievingwhattheyare

saying

A.tentativeB.deliberateC.compulsoryD.arbitrary

2.（天津耀华中学高三开学考试）Twomiddle-agedpassengersfellintothelake.,

neitherofthemcouldswim.

A.particularlyB.RarelyC.UnfortunatelyD.Unconsciously

3.（黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高三月考）Therearenodisplaysinthismuseum

andexhibitionschangeallthetime.

A.temporaryB.permanentC.personnelD.persuasive

4.（天津市宝限区第一中学高考模拟）Herdoctorindicatedthatevenaddinga（n）amount

ofdailyexercisewoulddramaticallyimproveherhealth.

A.modestB.equalC.exactD.considerable

5.Publishersdon'tseee-booksasathreattowrittenbooks.,theyseethemasan

opportunitytodrawinanewgenerationofreaders.

A.ThereforeB.AnywayC.InsteadD.Besides

6.（江苏泰州中学高考模拟）Thepopularityofgovernmentpostshasdroppedinrecentyears,

thoughthecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChineseastheyofferastablecareer.

A.relativelyB.regularlyC.roughlyD.rigidly

7.（南京外国语学校高考模拟）Eithersideseemstohavea（n）position;therearestill

manyuncertaintiesonthisissue.

A.ambiguousB.delicateC.explicitD.confidential

8.（天津高考模拟）一Areyousatisfiedwithhisschoolreport?

—Notatall.Itcouldn'thavebeen.

A.worseB.sobadC.betterD.theworst

9.__theworkis,peopleareneeded.

A.Theless;thelessB.Thefewer;themore

C.Theless;thefewerD.Thefewer;theless

10.（黑龙江鹤岗一中高三月考）Thefilmisthatone.Neitherofthemisworthseeing.

A.notinterestingthanB.notmoreinterestingthan

C.nomoreinterestingthanD.nointerestingthan

II.（天津市新华中学高三月考）一Thefilmis,1havetosay,notabitinteresting.

—Why?It'sthanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.

A.farmoreinterestingB.muchlessinteresting

C.nomoreinterestingD.anylessinteresting

12.（江苏省天一中学高三开学考试）一Theweatheristoocold___Marchthisyear.

—Itwasstill___when1camehereyearsago.

A.for;colderB.in;cold

C.in;hotD.for;hotter

II.语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

IusedtojokethatIspokeFrenchlikeathree-year-old-untilImetaFrenchthree-year-old

andcouldn'tholdupmyendoftheconversation.Thiswasafterayearofintensestudy,including

atleasttwohoursadaywithself-instructionsoftwareandweekendclasses,followedbytwo

weeksofanimmersionprogram（沉浸式教学）atoneofthetoplanguageschoolsinFrance.

Myfailurewasinfactquiteunremarkable.Despiteadvertisingclaims,1（learn）a

foreignlanguageisachallengingtaskfbranyadult.Intheend,though,2turnsoutthat

spendingayear."notlearning”Frenchmayhavebeenthe3（good）thingIcouldhave

doneformy57-year-oldbrain.

Inthelastfewyears,Iwasunabletoholdalistoffourgroceryitemsinmymind.Soto

reassure4thatnothingwaswrong,Itookacognitive（认知的）assessmentjustbefore

tacklingFrench.Theresultswereanything5reassuring:Iscoredbelowaverageformy

agegroupinnearlyallofthecategories,especiallyonthecompositememory（综合记忆）testand

thevisualmemorytest.

Afterayearofstrugglingwiththelanguage,Iretookthecognitiveassessment,andthe

resultsshockedme.Myscoreshadskyrocketed,6（place）meaboveaveragein7of10

categories,andaverageintheotherthree.Studyingalanguagehadbeenlikedrinkingfroma

mentalfountainofyouth.

Whatmightexplainsuchanimprovement?ResearchersattheChineseUniversityofHong

KongandNorthwesternUniversitynotedthatthecognitivetasks7（involve）inlanguage

study——likeworkingmemory,inductivereasoning（归纳推理），sounddiscrimination（识另ll）and

taskswitching—mapcloselyto(与...紧密相关)theareasofthebrainthataremostassociated

withdeclinesduetoaging.

Ifmyexperienceisanyindication,youmightbebetteroffstudyingalanguage.Notonlyis

thatafarmoreusefulandenjoyableactivity8anabstractbraingame,butasarewardfor

yourefforts,youcantreatyourself9atripabroadThat's10Iplantospendthe

nextyear<4notleaming^^Italian.Ciao!

语法巩固：

1.【全国卷I改编】Itleadstotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare(high)thanthey

actuallyare.

2.【全国卷11】ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost(success)ofthesenew

lines

3.【全国卷I]Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears

(long)thannon-runners.

4.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe

(sweet).

5.Sixteenyears(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocookameal.

6.Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingto

knowis,noknowledgeis(use)

7.The(big)theactivityinequalityofacountryis,thehigheritsrateofobesitywill

be.

8.It'snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand(meaning)college

experience.

9.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisfbrawholeday,buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdid

“grow”(high).

10.1wasgreatly(astonish)thatshehadturneddownhiskindoffer.

语法境空：

passage1

Wehavestudiedinhighschoolforseveralmonths.WhenIfirst1(go)intotheschool

andsawmynewclassroomandteachers,IthoughtIwouldhaveanewstart.Theschoollifeisvery

busyand2(excite).Therearemanyactivitiesinourschool.Wealltakepartinthem_3

(active).1havemademanynewfriendsandweoftenhelpandlearnfromeachotherinstudy.Our

4(teacher)havetaughtusalot.Theynotonlyteachushowtostudybutalsoteachushowto

be5usefulpersoninsociety.Theyalsotellus6isworthdoing.

Peopleoftensay,“Thereisnoruleoflearning.^^NowIfeelitistrue.Thestudynowisfar__2

(different)thanbefore.Ioftenfindthereissomethingdifficult8(understand)atonce.At

thistime,Imustspendalotoftime9(study)bymyself,orIwon'tmakeprogress.

Ourschooliscleanandbeautiful.Therearemanytreesandflowersaround10.In

ordertomakeourschoolmoreandmorebeautiful,weshouldtryourbest.

passage!

CamerasflashedandfansscreamedasLiuMou1(step)intothespotlightonahot

summerevening.Liuandhisfanswereonawaterfrontforacarnivalcelebratingtheindustry,

hostedbyoneofChina'slargestgame-streaming2(company),Douyu.Liuisits__3

(big)celebrity.Here,atthecarnival,fansweregettingachancetoseehiminperson.

Twitch,4(acquire)byAmazonfornearly$1billionin2014,isthedominant

game-streamingplatformintheUS.Yet,its5(absent)fromChina,duetoagovernment's

ban,hasgivenChina'sstartups6chancetofightfortheworldsgamingmarket.Unlike

Twitch,7hasmultiplesourcesofincomelikesubscriptionsandads,Chineseplatform

operatorslivemostly8virtualgiftsfromfans.

China'sgame-streamingindustryis9(fierce)competitive.Thecashbumonmarketing

andkeepingtopperformershascausedinvestors10(question)thebusinessmodel.Douyu*s

founderisalsolookingforasecondact.

passage?

Lastweek,anactivitycalled“Beijingoperaenteringcampus“washeldinourschool.

Inthemorning,twoartists,1actingskillswerewonderful,cametoourschoolas

planned.When2(reach)theroom,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.Afteracasualchat,the

artists3(invite)tothehalltogiveusadetailedintroductiontoBeijingopera.Withgreat

4___(expect),welistened5(attentive)andlearnedthattherearefivemainrolesinBeijing

opera,andthefacialmaskoneachofthemtellsthecharacteristicsoftherole.Tohelpusbetter

understandBeijingopera,theartistalsoshowedusseveralclassic6(example)ofsinging

andacting.

Afterthelecture,wecouldn'twaittostartthefollowingtrainingsessions.Oneartistshowed

ushowtopaintthefacialmaskonourface,andtheothertaughtusthetypicalmovesstep_7

step.Underthe8(patience)guidanceoftheartists,welearnedthebasicskillsanddevelopeda

stronginterest.Afterseveralrehearsals,wewerereadytostageascenefrom''JourneytotheWesf\

Ontheperformingday,withexcitementandnervousness,IplayedSunWukongwiththelady

artist.Toourgreatdelight,ourperformancewontheapplauseofourschoolmates.

Throughthisactivity,I'vefoundBeijingoperaappealing9learneditmusttakealong

andhardtraining10(become)agoodperformer.IamexpectingtospreadBeijingoperato

moreaudiences.

高考题型针对性练习：

完形填空：

词数:440

HowcanIforgettheday?On14July1974Itravelledonanovercrowdedbustoanunheard

towncalledShendumi.Thenextday,Iwastojointhefacultyofajuniorcollegethere.]

aboutmynewjob,butanxiousandfearfultoo,Iwasoutofmy2zone.Around7p.m.it

startedpouringwithrain.Wonderingaboutmynewcareerinanunknownland,Ihad3inmy

seat.Iwokeupwitha(n)4tothesoundoftheconductorannouncingthenameofmybusstop.

Ilookedout.Itwaspitch-dark.Ah,apowercut.5unusualduringheavyrains."'Conductor

Sahab,canIgeta6formyselfhere?Tmnewtotheplace/91heardmyselfask7,“Arre

bhai,getoffmybusandletusgo.We8toreachthenextstationontime.Wherewillyougeta

placetostayinthisgoddamnedtown?”heshoutedback.Amidmountingpanic,Ifelta9tap

onmyshoulder.AsIlookedback,awarmsmile10me.'TmSawant,fromthenexttown.The

bus11thereforthenightandreturnstomorrowmorning.Whydon'tyoubuyaticketforthe

nextstop?Youcanspendthenightatmyplace,andjoinworktomorrow.^^Ithankedhimfrommy

heartandacceptedhis12.Bythetimethebusreachedthefinalstop,itwas8:30p.m.The

kindsoulledmetohishouse.Heandhiswifetookgreat13tomakemystaycomfortable.I

was14withwarmwaterforabath,followedbyahot15andacomfortablebed.Allthis

tookplaceinsemi-darkness.Nolightsyet.Iwasupearlythenextmorningandmybenefactor（恩

人）cameto16meoff.Icouldnotseehisfaceclearly,asitwas17dark.Imadeit18

thecollegeintimeandtaughtthereforalmost11years.AllthewhileI19him,evenasking

mynewfriendsandstudentstohelpfindthekindsoul.ButMr.Sawantremained20.Perhaps

Ihadgothisnamewrong.Myonlyregret:!couldnotthankhimagain.

1.A.ExcitedB.InterestedC.WorriedD.Annoyed

2.A.homeB.schoolC.comfbrtD.dilemma

3.A.knockedoffB.tookoffC.turnedoffD.noddedoff

4.A.startB.jumpC.earD.eye

5.A.SomethingB.AnythingC.EverythingD.Nothing

6.A.seatB.roomC.ticketD.map

7.A.sadlyB.quicklyC.nervouslyD.suiprisingly

8.A.comeB.getC.needD.ask

9.A.suddenB.softC.realD.warm

10.A.wavedB.welcomedC.greetedD.shook

1l.A.stopsB.arrivesC.leavesD.drives

12.A.familyB.solutionC.invitationD.request

13.A.pleasureB.energyC.mindsD.pains

14.A.providedB.armedC.impressedD.blessed

15.A.chatB.discussionC.mealD.tea

16.A.allowB.keepC.showD.see

17.A.yetB.stillC.alreadyD.also

18.A.toB.inC.fromD.for

19.A.sentforB.searchedfbrC.caredforD.waitedfor

2O.A.silentB.strangeC.unbelievableD.untraceable

续写：

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Inordertocollectfundsfbrcharitabledonation,mysister'sschoolwasgoingtoorganisea

concert.Oneoftheperformanceswasashortdramacalled“ChristmasEve".Whenthenoticewas

announced,mysisterwenttoregisterforthedramaimmediatelybecauseshewas

reallypassionate（热情的）aboutroleplaying.

Onthedaywhenstudentsweregiventheirrespectiveroles；mylittlesistercamehomewithout

anyexpression,andherlipstightlyclosed.

“Areyouchosen?”Weaskedhercarefully,tryingtonothurther