土耳其能源部门分析报告-外文版培训课件风电光伏储能

INDUSTRIES

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MARKETSEnergysectorinTurkeyCHAPTER

01OverviewTotalenergysupplypercapitainTurkeyfrom1990to2022(ingigajoulepercapita)TotalenergysupplypercapitainTurkey1990-20228580757065605579.376.675.574.274.373.872.269.160.751.549.85045403542.739.119901995200020052010201520162017201820192020202120224Description:Turkey'stotalenergysupplypercapitafollowedanincreasingtrendovertheyearswiththeexceptionsrecordedin2020and2022.In2021,theenergysupplyofthecountrypeakedat78.7gigajoulespercapita.Thefiguresdroppedto75.5gigajoulespercapitain2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;1990to2022Source(s):IEATotalenergysupplyinTurkeyfrom2018to2022,bysource(interajoules)TotalenergysupplyinTurkey2018-2022,bysourceNaturalgasOilCoalWind,solaretc.HydroBiofuelsandwaste2,500,0002,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,0000201820192020202120225/statistics/1372742/turkey-energy-supply-by-sourceTurkey'senergysupplyreachedatotalof6.43millionterajoulesin2022.Thatyear,thecountry'soilsupplywasthehighestamongall,measuringnearly1.85millionterajoules.Additionally,thehydroenergysupplystoodatalmost242terajoules.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2018to2022Source(s):IEADistributionofthetotalprimaryenergysupplyinTurkeyin2022,byenergysourceBreakdownofprimaryenergysupplyinTurkey2022,bysourceHydro3.8%Biofuelsandwaste3.3%Otherrenewables(wind,solar,etc.)11.6%Naturalgas27.4%Oil28.8%Coal25.1%6Description:Fossilfuels,includingoil,naturalgas,andcoalmadeup81.3percentoftheprimaryenergysupplyofTurkeyin2022.Therenewablessuchaswind,solar,etc.accountedfor11.6percentoftheprimaryenergysupplyofthecountry,whereashydro'ssharestoodatnearlyfourpercent.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2022Source(s):IEADistributionofgrossenergygenerationinTurkeyfrom2011to2022,bysectorShareofgrossenergygenerationinTurkey2011-2022,bysectorPublicPrivate95%85.7%85%84.2%84%83.1%81.9%85%80.5%78.9%72%75%65%55%45%35%25%15%5%66.6%33.4%62.2%37.8%59.7%40.3%28%21.1%201519.5%201918.1%202016.9%201615.8%201716%15%14.3%20222011201220132014201820217Description:TheshareofgrossenergygenerationbythepublicsectorinTurkeyfollowedgenerallyadecreasingtrendfrom2011to2022.In2022,theprivatesectorcovered85.7percentofthegrossenergygeneration.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2011to2022Source(s):TurkishElectricityTransmissionCorporationTotalfinalenergyconsumptioninTurkeyin2021,bysource(interajoules)TotalfinalenergyconsumptioninTurkey2021,bysourceEnergyconsumptioninterajoules0200,000400,000600,000800,0001,000,0001,200,0001,400,0001,600,0001,800,0001,738,9332,000,000OilproductsNaturalgasElectricity1,250,2221,017,314Coal538,220Wind,solar,etc.BiofuelsandwasteHeat117,825114,09443,3648/statistics/1372779/turkey-final-energy-consumption-by-sourceThefinalenergyconsumptionfromoilproductshadthelargestshareamongallsourcesinTurkey,amountingtoapproximately1.74exajoulesin2021.Additionally,finalenergyconsumptionfromnaturalgasequaled1.25exajoulesinthesameyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2021Source(s):IEATotalfinalenergyconsumptioninTurkeyin2021,bysector(interajoules)TotalfinalenergyconsumptioninTurkey2021,bysectorEnergyconsumptioninterajoules0200,000400,000600,000800,0001,000,0001,200,0001,400,0001,600,0001,537,9201,800,000IndustryTransport1,251,311Residential995,010CommercialandpublicservicesNon-energyuse588,134235,140Agriculture/forestry206,904Fishing

5,5549/statistics/1372771/turkey-final-energy-consumption-by-sectorIn2021,theindustrialsectorconsumedthelargestshareofenergyinTurkey,itsfinalconsumptionmeasuringapproximately1.54millionterajoules.Rankingsecond,thetransportationsectorconsumed1.25millionterajoulesofenergyinthesameyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2021Source(s):IEANetenergyimportsinTurkeyfrom1990to2022(inpetajoules)NetenergyimportsinTurkey1990-20225,5005,192.35,171.754,185.854,747.84,828.149,829.335,0004,5004,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005004,730.084,698.074,256.114,039.654,135.653,760.383,476.573,177.073,440.213,328.623,173.792,821.422,655.492,548.922,269.932,178.542,033.131,521.51,163.11990

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202210Description:Turkey'snetenergyimportsgenerallyfollowedanincreasingtrendwithsomeoscillationovertheyearsfrom1990to2022.In2022,theenergyimportsofthecountryamountedtonearly5.2exajoules.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;1990to2022Source(s):IEAEnergy-relatedcarbondioxide(CO₂)emissionsinTurkeyfrom1990to2022,byenergysource(inmillionmetrictonsofCO₂)Energy-relatedcarbondioxideemissionsinTurkey1990-2022,byenergysourceCoalOilNaturalgasOther450400350300250200150100500199019952000200520102015201620172018201920202021202211/statistics/1372819/turkey-carbon-dioxide-emissions-by-energy-sourceThevolumeofenergy-relatedcarbondioxideemissionsinTurkeywasthehighestfromcoal,measuringat155millionmetrictonsofCO2in2022.Emissionsfromtheoilindustryrankedsecond,reaching118millionmetrictonsofCO2inthesameyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;1990to2022Source(s):IEACHAPTER

02EnergyconsumptionElectricityconsumptionpercapitainTurkeyfrom1990to2022(inmegawatthours)PercapitaelectricityconsumptioninTurkey1990-20224.03.53.02.53.63.53.43.33.32.92.522.01.61.51.20.91.00.51990199520002005201020152018201920202021202213Description:InTurkey,electricityconsumptionpercapitaconstantlyroseintheobservedperiod,exceptfor2022.Thatyear,thefiguresslightlydecreased,reaching3.5megawatt-hours.Incomparison,thelowestconsumptionpercapitawasrecordedin1990,totaling0.9megawatt-hoursofelectricitypercapita.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;1990to2022Source(s):IEAFinalelectricityconsumptioninTurkeyfrom1990to2022(interawatthours)FinalelectricityconsumptioninTurkey1990-2022350300250200150301.9299.6276.7272.5272262243.7229.2180.2136.8104.510071.850.1500199019952000200520102015201620172018201920202021202214/statistics/1370805/turkey-final-electricity-consumptionThefinalannualelectricityconsumptioninTurkeyincreasedbetween1990and2021,exceptforaslightdecreasein2019and2022.In2022,thefiguresreachedavalueofnearly300terawatt-hours,markingaslightdecreasefromthepreviousyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;1990to2022Source(s):IEAChangeinprimaryenergyconsumptioninTurkeyfrom2000to2022(comparedwiththeyearbefore)PrimaryenergyconsumptionchangeinTurkey2000-20222000

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202215Description:Primaryenergyconsumptionincreasedbyonly0.7percentin2021=2incomparisonwiththeprioryear.Since2000,primaryenergyconsumptioninTurkeyhasoscillated,withthegreatestconsumptionincreaseseenin2010,whenfiguresincreased11.2percentincomparisonwiththepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2000to2022Source(s):EnergyInstitute;Kearney;KPMGDistributionofnetelectricityconsumptioninTurkeyin2021,bysectorNetelectricityconsumptionshareinTurkeyin2021,bysectorAgriculture4.8%Illumination2%Commercialsectorandpublicservices23.8%Industry47.9%Household21.0%16Description:In2021,thenetelectiricityconsumptionshareoftheindustrialsectorreachedthehighestfigurewith48percentinTurkey.Thiswasfollowedbytheconsumptionofcommercialsectorandpublicserviceswithnearly24percentshare.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2021Source(s):TurkishElectricityDistributionCorporationNetelectricityconsumptionshareofindustrialsectorinTurkeyfrom2006to2021NetelectricityconsumptionshareofindustrialsectorinTurkey2006-202160%50%40%30%20%10%0%200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202117Description:NetelectricityconsumptionshareoftheTurkishindustrialsectorfluctuatedovertheanalyzedyears.In2021,theindustrialsectorpeakedandaccountedfornearly48percentofthetotalnetelectricityconsumptioninTurkey.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2006to2021Source(s):TurkishElectricityDistributionCorporationNetelectricityconsumptionshareofgovernmentsectorinTurkeyfrom2006to2020NetelectricityconsumptionshareofgovernmentsectorinTurkey2006-20206%5%4%3%2%1%0%20062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202018/statistics/954155/electricity-consumption-share-of-government-turkeyInTurkey,netelectricityconsumptionshareofthegovernmentfluctuatedovertheyears,peakingat5.3percentin2019.In2020,theconsumptionrateofthegovernmentaccountedfor4.9percentofthetotalnetelectricityconsumptioninthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2006to2020Source(s):TurkishElectricityDistributionCorporation;TurkStatNetelectricityconsumptionshareofcommercialandpublicsectorinTurkeyfrom2006to2021NetelectricityconsumptionshareofcommercialandpublicsectorinTurkey2006-202130%27.9%27.5%26.9%26.2%26.2%26.2%25.8%24.8%24.6%24.4%24.4%24%25%20%15%10%5%23.8%23.3%23.1%22.5%0%200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202119Description:NetelectricityconsumptionshareoftheTurkishcommercialandpublicsectorfluctuatedovertheyears,peakingat28percentin2018.In2021,theconsumptionrateofthecommercialandpublicsectoraccountedforalmost24percentofthetotalnetelectricityconsumptioninTurkey.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2006to2021Source(s):TurkishElectricityDistributionCorporationNetelectricityconsumptionshareofilluminationsectorinTurkeyfrom2006to2021NetelectricityconsumptionshareofilluminationsectorinTurkey2006-20213.0%2.8%2.6%2.5%2.5%2.5%2.0%1.5%1.0%0.5%0.0%2.2%2.1%2%2%2%2%1.9%1.9%1.9%1.8%1.8%1.8%200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120Description:InTurkey,thenetelectricityconsumptionshareofilluminationsectorpeakedin2.8andthengraduallydecreasedovertheyears.In2021,theconsumptionshareoftheilluminationsectoraccountedfortwopercentofthetotalnetelectricityconsumptioninthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2006to2021Source(s):TurkishElectricityDistributionCorporationNetelectricityconsumptionshareofhouseholdsinTurkeyfrom2006to2021NetelectricityconsumptionshareofhouseholdsinTurkey2006-202130%25%20%15%10%5%0%200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202121Description:NetelectricityconsumptionshareofhouseholdsinTurkeyfluctuatedfrom2006to2021,peakingat25percentin2009.In2021,electricityconsumptionshareofhouseholdsreachedslighltyover24percent.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2006to2021Source(s):TurkishElectricityDistributionCorporation;TurkStatTotalfinalenergyconsumptionofhouseholdsinTurkeyin2022,byenergysource(interajoules)TotalfinalenergyconsumptionofhouseholdsinTurkey2022,byenergysourceEnergyconsumptioninterajoules300,000

400,0000100,000200,000500,000600,000700,000NaturalgasElectricity621,991220,274Solidbiomass**Hardcoal148,361102,25081,324Lignite*Solarheat43,23935,705GeothermalenergyLPG33,010Other***

1,216Fuel-oil

36922Description:In2022,thetotalfinalenergyconsumptionofhouseholdsinTurkeyamountedtonearly1.3millionterajoules.Almosthalfofthehouseholdenergyconsumptionwassourcedbynaturalgasinthecountry.Thesecondmostconsumedenergysourcebecameelectricityinthatyear,withabout220thousandterajoules.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2022;*Ligniteconsistsofasphaltite.ꢀ

**Solidbiomassincludesfuelwood,sawdust,charcoal,cottonseed,shell,pomace,driedcowdungandotheragriculturalwaste.

***Otherconsistsofsteamandambientheat.

ReadmoreSource(s):TurkStatTotalfinalenergyconsumptionofhouseholdsinTurkeyin2022,byenduse(interajoules)TotalfinalenergyconsumptionofhouseholdsinTurkey2022,byenduseEnergyconsumptioninterajoules200,000

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400,0000100,000500,000600,000700,000800,000900,000841,521SpaceheatingLightingandelectricalappliancesWaterheating181,438153,380Cooking99,229Spacecooling11,934Other*

23723Description:In2022,thetotalfinalenergyconsumptionofhouseholdsinTurkeyamountedtonearly1.3millionterajoules.Spaceheatingconstitutedabout65percentofthetotalenergyconsumedbythehouseholds.Thesecondrankingendusewaslightingandelectricalappliances,withover181.4thousandterajoulesofconsumption.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2022;*Itincludesoutdoorenergyuseandotherhouseholdenergyconsumptionactivities.ReadmoreSource(s):TurkStatCHAPTER

03ElectricityElectricitygeneration*inTurkeyfrom1985to2022(interawatthours)ElectricitygenerationinTurkey1985-202240035030025020015010050025Description:ElectricitygenerationinTurkeyamountedto326.2terawatthoursin2022,markingadecreaseby2.5percentincomparisonwiththepreviousyear.Duringtheperiodinconsideration,figuresincreasedbyalmostthreehundredterawatthours.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;1985to2022;*Basedongrossoutput.ReadmoreSource(s):EnergyInstitute;Kearney;KPMGElectricitygenerationinTurkeyin2023,bysource(ingigawatthours)ElectricitygenerationinTurkey2023,bysource80,00070,00060,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,000075,773.768,562.863,854.240,929.634,069.718,606.6Solar10,997.69,706.53,650.6702.52.3CoalNaturalgas

HydropowerLigniteWindGeothermalBiomassAsphaltiteFueloilDiesel26Description:In2023,thehighestvolumeofelectricitywasgeneratedfromcoalinTurkey,amountingtonearly75,800gigawatthours.Naturalgasandhydropowerfollowedclosely,generatingvolumesofroughly68,600and63,900terawatthoursofelectricityinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityDistributionofelectricitygenerationinTurkeyin2022,bysourceShareofelectricitygenerationinTurkeyin2022,bysource25%22.86%20.89%20.34%20%15%10%5%13.75%10.64%5.14%3.39%2.88%0.12%0%NaturalgasCoalHydropowerLigniteWindSolarenergyGeothermal

RenewablesandwastesLiquidfuels27Description:In2022,naturalgaswasthemostusedsourceforelectricityproductioninTurkey,withnearly23percentofthetotalelectricitygenerationderivedfromthissource.Thetotalelectricitygenerationshareofrenewableenergysourcesandwastesequalednearly42.4percent.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2022Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityVolumeofelectricityimportedintoTurkey2017to2023(ingigawatthours)VolumeofelectricityimportedintoTurkey2017-20237,0006,0005,0004,0006,4396,0923,0002,0001,00002,7292,46620182,32920212,21220191,888202020172022202328Description:ThevolumeofelectricityimportedintoTurkeymeasuredatabout6.1terawatt-hoursin2023.Throughtheanalyzedperiod,thelowestvolumeofelectricityimportedintoTurkeywasrecordedin2020atroughly1.9gigawatt-hours.In2022,theimportvolumereachedapeakvalueof6,439gigawatt-hours.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2017to2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityVolumeofelectricityimportedintoTurkeyin2022,bycountry(ingigawatthours)VolumeofelectricityimportedintoTurkey2022,bycountry4,5003,980.84,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005002,284.8151.621.70GeorgiaBulgariaTurkmenistanGreece29Description:In2022,thetotalofelectricityimportedintoTurkeyreachednearly6,440gigawatt-hours.ThecountryimportedthehighestvolumeofenergyfromGeorgia,amountingtonearlyfourterawatt-hours.Additionally,about2.3terawatt-hoursenergywasimportedfromBulgariainthesameyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2022Source(s):TurkishElectricityTransmissionCorporationVolumeofelectricityexportedfromTurkey2017to2023(ingigawatthours)VolumeofelectricityexportedfromTurkey2017-20234,5004,0004,1873,7133,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005003,3003,0742,7892,4842,0860201720182019202020212022202330Description:In2023,Turkeyexportednearly2.1terawatt-hoursofelectricitytoothercountries.Thisrepresentedadecreaseofapproximately44percentcomparedtothepreviousyear.Additionally,thevolumeofelectricityexportedfromTurkeypeakedin2021atabout4.3terawatt-hours.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2017to2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityVolumeofelectricityexportedfromTurkeyin2022,bycountry(ingigawatthours)VolumeofelectricityexportedfromTurkey2022,bycountry3,5002,966.33,0002,5002,0001,5001,000500469.1Syria151.2126.40GreeceAzarbaijanBulgaria31/statistics/1311710/turkey-volume-of-electricity-exported-by-countryIn2022,Turkeyexported3.71terawatt-hoursenergytoneighboringcountries.ThecountryexportedthehighestvolumeofenergytoGreece,measuringnearlythreeterawatt-hours.Syriarankedsecond,importing469gigawatt-hoursenergyfromTurkey.ReadmoreNote(s):TurkeySource(s):TurkishElectricityTransmissionCorporationElectrictypricesforindustryinTurkeyfrom1sthalfof2014to1sthalfof2022(inTurkishkuruşperkilowatt-hour)ElectrictypricesforindustryinTurkeyH12014-H22022250217.42001501005096.86558.657.354.748.144.130.226.323.423.624.424.425.225.225.40H12014

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H1202232Description:TheelectricitypricesforindustrialuseinTurkeyhadanincreaseof829percentbetweenthefirsthalfsof2014and2022.Thepriceshaveconstantlyincreasedsince2014,exceptforaminordecreaseinthelasthalfof2020.Thepriceoftheelectricitywas23kuruşin2014,whileinthefirsthalfof2022,itrosetoarecordpriceofover217kuruşper1kWhforindustrialuseinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;H12014toH12022Source(s):TurkStatElectrictypricesforhouseholdsinTurkeyfrom1sthalfof2014to1sthalfof2022(inTurkishkuruşperkilowatt-hour)ElectrictypricesforhouseholdsinTurkeyH12014-H22022160139.114012010080604020090.479.573.571.266.455.253.84541.341.341.341.338.938.937.435.4H12014

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H1202233Description:ElectricitypricesforhouseholdsinTurkeyincreasedby293percentbetweenthefirsthalfof2014andthefirsthalfof2022.Thepriceshaveconstantlyincreasedsince2014,exceptforaslightdecreaseinthefirsthalfof2019.Thepriceofelectricitywas35kuruşin2014,whileinthefirsthalfof2022,itrosetoarecordpriceof139kuruşper1kWhforhouseholds.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;H12014toH12022Source(s):TurkStatCHAPTER

04NaturalgasProductionvolumeofnaturalgasinTurkeyfrom2010to2023(inmillioncubicmeters)ProductionvolumeofnaturalgasinTurkey2010-2023900800807.28759682700600500400300632537479473.872019441.272020428.172018394.442021381.372015379.812022367.282016354.15201720102011201220132014202335Description:In2023,theproductionvolumeofnaturalgasinTurkeytotaled807.3millioncubicmeter,whichmarkedthehighestvolumeofproductionthroughouttheobservedperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2010to2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityConsumptionvolumeofnaturalgasinTurkeyfrom2005to2022(inbillioncubicmeters)ConsumptionvolumeofnaturalgasinTurkey2005-202270605040302010020052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202236Description:TheconsumptionofnaturalgasinTurkeymostlyincreasedduringthisperiod.By2017,consumptionhitapeakof51.6billioncubicmeters,whichwasmorethandoublethedemandrecordedin2005.By2020,thishadfallento46.4billioncubicmeters.However,in2021,theconsumptionreachedover57billioncubicmeters,whichrecordedthenewpeak.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2005to2022Source(s):EnergyInstitute;Kearney;KPMGVolumeofliquefiednaturalgas(LNG)importedintoTurkeyfrom2014to2022,bytype(inbillioncubicmeters)Importvolumeofliquefiednaturalgas(LNG)intoTurkey2014-2022Gas

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meters2014201520162017201820192020202120227.17.57.610.911.412.914.813.915.137Description:Naturalgasasliquefiednaturalgas(LNG)importstoTurkeygenerallyincreasedovertheobservedyears.In2022,importvolumeofLNGtotaled15billioncubicmeters.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2014to2022Source(s):EnergyInstitute;Kearney;KPMGVolumeofnaturalgasimportedintoTurkey2010to2023(inbillioncubicmeters)VolumeofnaturalgasimportedintoTurkey2010-202370605058.755.2554.6650.2850.4849.2648.4348.1346.3545.9245.2745.2143.8738.044030201002010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202338Description:Overtheobservedperiod,thevolumeofnaturalgasimportedintoTurkeypeakedin2021at58.7billioncubicmeters.Thefiguresdecreasedby2023,measuringnearly50.5billioncubicmeters.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2010to2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityVolumeofnaturalgasexportedfromTurkeyfrom2010to2023(inmillioncubicmeters)VolumeofnaturalgasexportedfromTurkey2010-20231,000900896.28800762.68714682674.68673.297006005004003002001000648.6632.63630.67623.94611577.52581.43382.892010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202339Description:ThevolumeofnaturalgasexportedfromTurkeyfluctuatedbetween2010and2023.In2022,thehighestexportvolumewasrecordedatnearly896.3millioncubicmeters.

ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2010to2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityNaturalgaspricesfortheindustryinTurkeyfrom1sthalfof2014to1sthalfof2022(inTurkishkuruşpercubicmeter)NaturalgaspricesfortheindustryinTurkeyH12014-H220221,2001,070.71,0008006004002000338.1186.4189182.1175.5167149.6104.289.593.199.397.696.992.59090.6H12014

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H1202240Description:ThenaturalgaspricesfortheindustryinTurkeyconstantlyrosebetween2014andthefirsthalfof2022.Theaveragepriceofnaturalgaswas89.5kuruşpercubicmeterin2014,thelowestfigurerecorded.Since2021,therewasadramaticpriceincreasefortheindustry,measuringovertenTurkishlirapercubicmeterinthefirsthalfof2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;H12014toH12022Source(s):TurkStatNaturalgaspricesforhouseholdsinTurkeyfrom1sthalfof2014to1sthalfof2022(inTurkishkuruspercubicmeter)NaturalgaspricesforhouseholdsinTurkeyH12014-H22022350300250295.3224192.3200186.2182.6178.3144.315010050135.6117.9116.8115.4113.9113.6112.2110.1109104.2H12014

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H1202241Description:NaturalgaspricesforhouseholdsinTurkeygenerallyincreasewithsomeoscillationbetween2014andthefirsthalfof2022.Theaveragepriceofnaturalgaswas104kuruşpercubicmeterin2014,whileinthefirsthalfof2022,itrosetoarecordpriceof295kuruşpercubicmeterforhouseholds.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;H12014toH12022Source(s):TurkStatCHAPTER

05Petroleumproducts&LPGProductionvolumeofpetroleumproductsinTurkeyin2023,bytype(in1,000metrictons)ProductionvolumeofpetroleumproductsinTurkey2023,bytype40,00035,00030,00025,00036,536.6220,00016,446.0315,00010,0007,867.55Others5,861.174,937.91Gasoline4,937.91Fueloil5,0000895.781.39DieselAviationfuelsMarinefuelsKeroseneTotal43Description:In2023,thetotalvolumeofpetroleumproductsproducedinTurkeyamountedtoapproximately36.5millionmetrictons,16.45millionmetrictonsofwhichweredieselproducts.Additionally,theproductionvolumeofgasolinehitroughlyfivemillionmetrictonsthatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityConsumptionvolumeofpetroleumproductsinTurkeyin2023,bytype(in1,000metrictons)ConsumptionvolumeofpetroleumproductsinTurkey2023,bytype35,00031,886.0330,00026,023.6725,00020,00015,00010,0004,073.785,00001,219.27317.96Fueloil218.53Others31.351.48DieselGasolineAviationfuelsMarinefuelsKeroseneTotal44Description:In2023,thetotalvolumeofpetroleumproductsconsumeddomesticallyinTurkeyreachedapproximately31.9millionmetrictons,26millionmetrictonsofwhichweredieselproducts.Atthesametime,theconsumptionofgasolineamountedtooverfourmillionmetrictons.ReadmoreNote(s):Turkey;2023Source(s):EnergyMarketRegulatoryAuthorityVolumeofpetroleumimportedintoTurkeyfrom2010to2022(inmillionmetrictons)VolumeofpetroleumimportedintoTurkey2010-202240353033.4931.431.0729.425.7725.0724.962520.9719.48201510518.5518.0517.4816.870201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202245Description:TheimportvolumeofpetroleumtoTurkeyalmostdoubledin2022comparedto2010.Petroleumimportsamountedtoapproxima