2024年全国教师招聘之中学教师招聘考试重点试题(详细参考解析)

姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 密封线 全国教师招聘考试重点试题精编注意事项:1.全卷采用机器阅卷，请考生注意书写规范；考试时间为120分钟。2.在作答前，考生请将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号涂写在试卷和答题卡规定位置。

3.部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题部分必须使用黑色签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

4.请按照题号在答题卡上与题目对应的答题区域内规范作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效:在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。一、选择题

1、马克壶在《世界文明史》中指出，宋朝是“当时世界上最大”，生产力最高和最发达的国家，但“由于种种不利因素的影响”，使这一发展势头未能继续下去。文中“种种不利因素“应包括()。①专制体制的束缚②自然经济的制约③对外交往的封闭④程朱理学的禁锢A.①③④B.①②④C.②③④D.①②③

2、马克思说：“工人革命的第一步就是使无产阶级上升为统治阶级。”第一次实践这一观点的是()。A.俄国二月革命B.俄国十月革命C.巴黎公社D.巴伐利亚纺织工人起义

3、对绿色植物细胞某细胞器组成成分进行分析，发现A、T、C、G、U五种碱基的相对含分别约为35％，0，30％，20％，l5％，则该细胞器能完成的生理活动是（）。A.吸收氧气，进行有氧呼吸B.发出星射线，形成纺锤体C.与mRNA结合，合成蛋白质D.吸收并转换光能，完成光合作用

4、京剧中为女性人物行当的是()。A.生B.旦C.净D.丑

5、教师不得随意宣扬学生的缺点，不得随意私拆、毁弃学生的信件、日记等，这是维护学生的（）。A.荣誉权B.人格尊严权C.隐私权D.身心健康权

6、托马斯·卡伦德写道：“在历史的某个时刻在欧洲郇窄的一隅，生活着近五百万陆地和海岛居民，他们所拥有的自然资源极其匮乏，却创造出了最原创、最绚丽的文化、商业、社会秩序和政治……闻名遐迩。”材料反映的是()。A.古希腊文明B.古罗马文明C.不列颠文明D.阿拉伯文明

7、欧洲巴洛克音乐的代表人物之一巴赫是()人。A.美国B.英国C.德国D.意大利

8、Whichwriter′sideahadagreatinfluenceonthetwogreatleaders,MartinLutherKingJr.andMohandasGrandhi?A.HawthorneB.WhitmanC.ThoreauD.JackLondon

9、根据以下材料，回答题DoyouhaveanyideawhatyouwouldliketobeanddoaftergraduationAlotofpeopledon′tbeginthinkingaboutcareersuntiltheyreachjuniororsenioryear,which,inmyopinion,istoolate.Whenpeoplearetryingtodecidewhattheywanttodo,ithelpstoknowsomethingtheylove.EversinceIwaslittle,I′vealwaysbeendoingsomeone′shair,make-upornails,startingwithBarbiedollsandprogressingtohumans.OvertheyearsmyfamilyhasreallyinspiredmetodothisandnowIfixfriends′andfamilymembers′hairforweddings,dancesandotherbigevents.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutwhat1wouldliketodoforacareersincemiddleschool.IdidsomeresearchanddiscoveredthatImightreallyenjoybeingacosmetologist,soIwenttomyhairstylistandaskedherlotsofquestionsaboutwhatittakestoreachherlevelandwhatshewouldrecommendIdo.Iconsideredheradviceandthendidmoreresearch.IusedAveda′swebsitetogetinformationontheAvedaInstituteandwhattypeofcredit(贷款)Iwouldneedfromhighschooltoapply.Ifoundtheirinstitutehasthreeparts:theoreticalknowledge,practicalexperience,andprofessionalbusiness-buildingskills.Forthepastfewyears,IhavebeenlookingatAvedainmoreandmoredetail.Thisschoolnotonlyofferscosmetology,butalsomassagetherapy.IgrewupinMinnesota(美国中北部的一个州),soIplantoapplytotheinstituteinMinneapolisthatseveralpeoplehavehighlyrecommended.Ithelpsstudentsbecome"futureindustryleadersinhaircare,skincare,makeupandtotalbodywellness".Itisaffordableandeveryonethereisfriendlyandunderstanding.HavingdonethegroundworkandthinkingaboutwhatI′dliketodoafterhighschool,IknowthatIwilldefinitelypursuemydreamofbecomingacosmetologist.TheauthorplanstoapplytotheinstituteinMinneapolisNOTbecause______.查看材料A.thepeopletherearegoodtoothersB.somepeopleadvisehim/hertodosoC.theinstituteisfreeofchargeD.theinstituteishelpfultohis/herfuture

10、目前，我国已经开始实施的具有战略意义的直接有利于西部地区经济发展的工程是()。①南水北调②北煤南运③青藏铁路④西气东输A.①②B.②③C.②④D.③④

11、受（）实用主义教育思想的影响,……。并指出生活等于技能、理想、态度、习惯的总称。A.桑代克B.夸美纽斯C.卢俊D.杜威

12、根据以下材料，回答Afarmercarelesslylostanexpensivegoldwatchinthebarnonthefarm,wherehesearchedforeverywherebutinvain.Soheputa16onthegateofthefarm:whoeverfindsthegoldwatchwillbe17100dollars.Facingthe18ofthehandsomereward,peopletriedtheirbesttolookforeverywhere.19,thegrainwaspiledlikeahillalongwithbalesof20,soiftheywantedtofindthegoldwatch,itwouldbelikefishingforaneedleinthe21.Whenthesunset,thegoldwatchwasnotfoundyet.Theytookpainsbutfound22,sotheybegan23thewatchwastoosmall,thebarnwastoolargeandthestrawwastoothick.Itwasgetting24thattheywerestillunabletofindit.Sothey25thetemptationof100dollarsonebyone.Butonlyasmallboyin26clotheswasstillnotdiscouragedbutkept27itinthegrain.Hehadnothingtoeatthroughouttheday.Inordertosolvethefamilyproblem,hewas28tofindthegoldwatchandlethisparents,brothersandsistershaveafullmeal.Hewas29inthestrawtohavearest30heheardastrange"tick-tock".Heimmediatelyheldhisbreathandlisten31.Itwasquieterinthebarnwhile"tick-tock"32clearly.Theboy33thesound,foundthegoldwatchburiedinthedepthsofthegrainandfinallygotthe100dollars.Likethegoldwatchinthebarn,34hasexistedaroundusandspreadinverycorneroflife.Onlywearecalmand35lookforitcanwefindit.A.reservedB.rewardedC.equippedD.donated

13、根据以下材料，回答Howoftendoyouletotherpeople′snonsensechangeyourmood?Doyouletabaddriver,impolitewaiter,rudeboss,oraninsensitiveemployee1yourday?OnedayIwasinataxiandweheaded2theairport.Weweredrivinginthe3lanewhensuddenlyablackcardroveoutofaparkingspacerightinfrontofus.Mytaxidriverslammedonhis4andslidsideways,andattheverylastmomentourcarstoppedand5theothercarbyjustinches!Thedriveroftheothercarlookedaroundandstarted6atus.Mytaxidriverjust7andwavedattheguy.AndImeanhewasreally8.SoIasked,"Whydidyoujustdothat?Thisguyalmostruinedyourcarandsentustothehospital!"ThisiswhenmytaxidrivertaughtmewhatInowcall"TheLawoftheGarbageTruck".Heexplainedthatmanypeoplearelikegarbagetrucks.Theyrunaroundfullof9,fulloffrustration,fullofanger,andfullofdisappointment.Astheirgarbage10up,theyneedaplacetodumpitandsometimesthey′lldumpiton11.Don′ttakeitpersonally.Justsmile,wave,wishthemwell,andmoveon.Believeme.You′llbe12.Don′ttaketheirgarbageand13ittootherpeopleatwork,athome,oronthestreets.Life′stooshorttowakeupinthemorningwith14.Themarkofyoursuccessishowquicklyyoucanrefocusonwhat′s15inyourlife.RoyBaumeister,apsychologyresearcherfromFloridaStateUniversity,foundinhisextensiveresearchthatyou16badthingsmoreoftenthangoodthingsinyourlife.Youstorethebadmemoriesmoreeasily,andyou17themmorefrequently.Therefore,lovethepeoplewhotreatyourightandignoretheoneswhodon′t.Lifeistenpercentwhatyoumakeitandninetypercenthowyou18it!Whenyoufollow"TheLawoftheGarbageTruck",youtakebackcontrolofyourlife.Youmakeroomforthegoodby19goofthebad.Haveamarvelous,garbage-freeDay!Theseedsyouplanttoday20theharvestyouwillreaptoA.importantB.funnyC.strangeD.embarrassing

14、______thatmyheadhadcleared,mybrainwasalsobeginningtoworkmuchbetter.A.ForB.NowC.SinceD.Despite

15、李老师在讲到“祖国一国两制”中有关“香港回归”的内容时，播放纪录片《紫荆花开》中的片段，帮助学生了解“一国两制”的提出、阐释与实践运用的历史过程。李老师的这种做法主要体现历史课程资源选择的()。A.目标性原则B.思想性原则C.精选性原则D.可行性原则

16、下图反映了我国兴起于20世纪50年代的一场运动，下列关于这场运动的说法正确的是()。A.这场运动指的是人民公社化运动B.这场运动一直受到人们的追捧C.图中对联反映出这场运动带给了人们家一般的温暖D.这场运动极大地调动了人们的生产积极性

17、“100年前。一位伟大的美国人——我们正站在他的灵魂安息处——签署了TheEmancipationProclamation，黑人满怀希望得到的是一张空头支票，这张支票被签上“资金不足”的字样。”——马丁·路德·金《我有一个梦想》1862年“TheEmancipationProclamation”是指()。A.《独立宣言》B.((1787年宪法》C.《解放黑人奴隶宣言》D.《宅地法》

18、对下面句子的修辞手法及其作用的表述，不正确的一项是（）。A.“瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝。”——用浪漫夸张的手法，描绘雪中天地的整体形象，反衬下文的欢乐场面，体现将士们歌舞的积极意义B.这是整个宇宙吗?不，这是构成宇宙的一个微不足道的小点点。——用了反问的修辞手法。突出说明“这”不是整个宇宙C.“友邦人士”从此可以不必“惊诧莫名”。只请放心来瓜分就是了。——用了反语的修辞手法。怒斥了帝国主义对中国的侵略和腐败政府的软弱无能D.夺取全国胜利。这只是万里长征走完了第一步。——用了比喻的修辞手法，生动地说明了夺取全国胜利的历史意义

19、人们以一定方式的共同活动为基础而结合起来的联合体是()。A.阶层B.阶级C.集团D.群体

20、根据以下材料，回答题SometimesIreallydoubtwhetherthereislovebetweenmyparents.Theyareverybusyworkingto16thefamily.Theydon′tactinthe17waysthatIreadinbooksorIseeonTV.18flowerstoeachotheronValentine′sDayisevenmore19.Oneday,mymotherwassewingaquilt(床单).I20satdownbesideherandlookedather."Morn,istherelovebetweenyouandDad"Iaskedherina21voice.Mymotherstoppedandraisedherheadwith22inhereyes.Shedidn′tanswerimmediately.Thenshe23herheadandcontinuedtosewthequilt.Atlastmymothersaid:"Susan,"shesaid,"Lookatthisthread.Sometimesitappears,butmostofit24inthequilt.Thethreadreallymakesthequiltstrongand25.Iflifeisaquilt,thenloveshouldbea26.Itcanhardlybeseenanywhereoranytime,butit′sreallythere.Loveis27."Thenextspring,myfathersuddenlygotsickseriously.Whentheyreturnedfromthehospital,motherlookedratherpaleanditseemed28ofthemhadaseriousillness.Everydayinthemorninganddusk,mymotherhelpedmyfather29slowlyonthecountryroad.Myfatherhadneverbeenso30.Alongthecountryroad,thereweremanybeautifulflowers,greengrassandtrees.Thesungentlyglistenedthroughtheleaves.Allofthese31themostbeautifulpictureintheworld."Dad,howareyoufeelingnow"Iaskedhimoneday.Hesaidgently."32,Ijustlikewalkingwithyourmorn.Ilikethiskindoflife."33hiseyes,Iknowhelovesmymotherdeeply.34Ithoughtlovemeantflowers,girlsandsweetkisses.Butfromthis35,Iunderstandthatloveisjustathreadinthequiltofourlife.Loveisinside,makinglifestrongandwarm.A.needleB.clothC.threadD.sheet

21、送蔡元振序曾巩古之州从事①，皆自辟士，士择所从，故宾主相得也。如不得其志，去之可也。今之州从事，皆命于朝，非惟守不得择士，士亦不得择所从，宾主岂尽相得哉!如不得其志，未可以辄去也。故守之治，从事无为可也；守之不治，从事举其政，亦势然也。议者不原其势，以为州之政当一出于守。从事举其政，则为立异，为侵官。噫!从事可否其州事，职也，不惟其同守之同。则舍己之是而求与之同，可乎不可也?州为不治矣，守不自任其责，已亦莫之任也，可乎不可也?则举其政，其孰为立异邪?其孰为侵官邪?议者未之思也。虽然，迹其所以然，岂士之所喜然哉!故日，亦势然也。今四方之从事，惟其守之同者多矣。幸而材从事，视其政之缺，不过室于叹、途于议而已。脱然莫以为己事。反是焉，则激。激亦奚以为也?求能自任其责者少矣。为从事乃尔，为公卿大夫士于朝，不尔者其几邪!临川蔡君，从事于汀，始试其为政也。汀诚为州治也，蔡君可拱而坐也；诚未治也，人皆观君也。无激也，无同也，惟其义②而已矣，蔡君之任也。其异日官于朝，一于是而已矣，亦蔡君之任也。可不懋欤?其行也，来求吾文，故序以送之。【注】①从事：官名，州郡长官之僚属，副职，如从事史、从事中郎、别驾从事、治中从事等。②义：同“宜”，适宜、适当，有分寸。下列语句编为四组，全都属于“今之州从事，皆命于朝”所导致弊害的一组是（）。①士亦不得择所从，宾主岂尽相得哉②从事举其政，则为立异，为侵官③迹其所以然，岂士之所喜然哉④惟其守之同者多矣⑤反是焉，则激⑥其异日官于朝，一于是而已矣A.②③⑤B.①②⑥C.①④⑤D.③④⑥

22、读下图假如L1、L2洋流流向相同，则()。A.地球运行到远日点附近B.北京昼长夜短C.夏威夷高压强盛D.亚欧大陆等温线向低纬弯曲

23、某两洲面积之和与某大洋面积接近，它们是()。A.亚洲、北美洲与大西洋B.亚洲、非洲与印度洋C.欧洲、北美洲与大西洋D.欧洲、非洲与印度洋

24、根据研究，以下哪一年级是品德发展的关键期?（）A.初一B.初二C.初三D.高一

25、根据以下材料，回答Everyoneagreesthatinnovationisthekeytosolvingthemanychallengeswefaceasacountryfromhealthcaretoeducationtotheenvironment,andisfundamentaltorestoringeconomicgrowthandprosperity.ButIwouldputitaslightlydifferentway.Wemustfindawaytorebuildthe"innovationinfrastructure"inthiscounty.TheproblemisnotthatAmericansaren′tasinherentlyinnovativeaseverweare.AndthelevelofinterestamongAmericansintheprocessofinnovation--determiningthebestrecipestomakeithappen--hasbeenskyrocketingoverthepastfewyears.Forexample,thenumberoftimestheword"innovation"appearedinGooglenewsstoreshasincreasedbyapproximatelyfivefromObama′sinaugurationtotoday.Googletheterm"innovation"andyou′llget342millionhits,approximatelyhalfthe676millionhitsthat"Obama"generates.Andaccordingtohashtagsorg,innovationistrendingaboutthesamerateasdeficit.Ourproblemisthatthesystemisfailingourcitizens.The"seedcorn"ofinnovation-creativeideas...fundamentalrateitwasbefore.Viable"seedcom"requiresaninnovationinfrastructureinwhichbrightmindsareprovidedtheresourcesandfreedomtocreateandinventaccordingtotheirpassionsandcuriosities,totakeboldrisks,andeventofail.SuchaninnovationinfrastructurethrivedintheU.S.inthelate20thcenturyasacollaborationthatputAmericansonthemoon,andtothepersonalcomputer,theInternet,andtheeraofgenomicmedicine.Americansarereadyandwillingtoembracethegoalofonceagainleadingtheworldininnovation.Thiscouldbethemoonshotforthenextdecadethatunifiesourcountry.However,weareatatremendousdisadvantageunlesstheinnovationinfrastructureofthiscountryisrebuilt.Thisrequiresanewcollaborationamonggovernment,industryandacademia-onethatissuitedtothechallengesandopportunitiesofthedigitalage,andthatrestorestheboldrisktakingA.gonecompletelylostnowadaysB.beenweakenedgraduallyC.beentakenbackinObama'sdayD.cometoaturningpoint

26、数千年来中华文化提供的生活方式、民俗民风、中华料理、养生医药、建筑样式、传统节日、民族民间艺术、体育、礼仪，尤其是文字书法，是我们民族的瑰宝。即使在西风强劲的环境下，人们也日益认识到了自己传统文化的可贵。这启示我们要（）。①传承民族文化，增强文化自信和自觉②奏响主旋律，增强我国的文化软实力③提高辨别能力，区分先进与落后文化④继承优秀传统文化，维护文化多样性A.①④B.①③C.②③D.②④

27、将课程分为国家课程、地方课程和学校课程，是根据（）进行分类的。A.课程内容B.课程任务C.课程的制定者或管理层次D.课程功能

28、图中，沿甲图E～F、M～N所作的地形剖面分别为乙图和丙图。读图回答下列三题。与②、③地相比，①地()。查看材料A.海拔高、坡度小B.海拔高、坡度大C.海拔低、坡度小D.海拔低、坡度大

29、下列句子中，标点符号使用完全正确的一项是（）。A.白话文(又叫语体文，就是用现代语写录的语言)从什么时候起用作小学教材，我记不真切了，大概在七、八十年前。B.“今天好热啊!——你什么时候去上海?”张强对刚刚进门的小王说。“我明天一大早就走。你有什么事要我办吗?”小王总是那么热情。C.学生考试达不到标准，也不能给他们一个不及格就了事，必须研究学生达不到标准的原因——是教师自己的指导不完善呢?还是学生的资质上有缺点，学习上有疏漏?——竭力给他们补救或督促。D.中国足球的球迷们现在真的感到很迷惘，面对这片绿茵场，不知道是继续呐喊助威呢，还是干脆掉头而去?

30、在等差数列{an}中，a1=2，a3+a5=16，则a7=()。A.8B.12C.14D.16

31、机体某一方面的机能受损甚至缺失后，可以通过精神力量、意志、情绪状态对整个机体起到调节作用，帮助人战胜疾病和残缺，使身心依然得到发展。这表明个体身心发展具有（）。A.阶段性B.顺序性C.不平衡性D.互补性

32、为取得优异成绩运动员的适宜赛前心理状态时（）A.过分激动B.战斗准备C.盲目自信D.淡漠状态

33、在感觉记忆中，信息的存储形式的（）。A.语义B.概念体系C.视像和声像D.图式

34、用脚背正面踢球时，（）A.后中部，B.后下部，C.左后侧，D.右后侧

35、下列不属于意义学习条件的一项是（）。A.材料本身必须具有逻辑意义B.学习者认知结构必须具有能够同化新知识的适当的认知结构C.学习者必须具有积极主动地将新知识与认知结构中的适当知识加以联系的倾向性，并使两者相互作用D.学习材料要高于学习者的能力范围

36、Parentsandtoddlerswhoreadpaperbookstogetherspeakandinteractmorewhencomparedwiththosewhoreade-books，researchersfounD.Readingwithachildisahugelyimportantdevelopmentalactivityasithelpsyoungsterslearnnewwords,broadenstheirknowledgeandprovidestimetobondwithlovedones.Soscientistswantedtoseeifparentsandchildrenacteddifferentlywhentheyreadbookstogetherusingtraditionalmediaversuselectronicdevicesliketablets.Toinvestigate,theresearchersfound37pairsofparentsandhealthytoddlersbetweentwoandthreeyearsolD.Theyaskedthemtoreadfromthreedifferenttypesofmedia:enhancedelectronicbookswithsoundeffectsoranimation,abasicelectronicbook,andaprintbook'sResearchersfoundparentsandtoddlersspokemorewheninteractingwithapaperbookratherthanastoryonanelectronictablet.What'smore,parentsusedricherlanguagewhenusingprintbookscomparedwithtablets,andcollaboratedmorewiththeirchildren.Butparentswerelessresponsiveandchildrenwerelessengagedwiththeirparentswhenreadinge-books,saidDr.TiffanyMunzer,correspondingauthorofthestudyattheUniversityofMichiganC.S.MottChildren'sHospital.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalPediatrics.Munzerpointedout.however,thatthestudywaslimitedinseveralways,includingthattheteamdidnottestthetoddlersreadingcomprehension.Itwasalsolimitedbythesmallsamplesize,andthefactthattheteamusedonlyonecommercially-availableappforthee-books."Thatisn'ttosaythereisnobenefittoelectronicbookreadingcomparedwithdoingnothing.Justlesscomparedwithprintbooks.Printbooksarejustbetterforpromotingrichlanguagefromtheirparentsandmoreconversationsbetweenparentsandchildren,saidMunzer.Munzersaidthatparentsalwaysknowtheirchildrenbest,"sotheyshouldfeelempoweredtoadjustthereadingexperiencetowhattheyknowtheirchildrenareA.UsingelectronicbooksB.UsingcommercialappsC.UsingprintbooksD.Usingelectronicdevices

37、瞬时记忆的贮存时间大约为（）。A.0.25～2秒B.0.2～0.5秒C.2秒到1分钟D.5秒到2分钟

38、下列乐器中属于民族拉弦乐器的是()。A.小提琴B.古筝C.京胡D.扬琴

39、WhenIenteredBerkeley,Ihopedtoearnascholarship．HavingbeenaStraightAstudent,IbelievedIcould___16___toughsubjectsandreallylearnsomething．OnesuchcoursewasWorldLiteraturegivenbyProfessorJayne．Iwasextremelyinterestedintheideashe___17___inclass.Whenltookthefirstexam,Iwas___18___tofinda77,C-plus,onmytestpaper,___19___Englishwasmybestsubject．IwenttoProfessorJayne,wholistenedtomyargumentsbutremained___20___Idecidedtotryharder,althoughIdidn'tknowwhatthat___21___becauseschoolhadalwaysbeeneasyforme．Ireadthebooksmorecarefully,butgotanother71.Again,I___22___withProfessorJayne．Again,helistenedpatientlybutwouldn'tchangehis___23___Onemoretestbeforethefinalexam．Onemore___24___toimprovemygrade．SoIredoubledmyeffortsand,forthefirsttime,___25___themeaningoftheword"thorough",Butmy___26___didnogoodandeverything___27___asbefore.Thelasthurdle(障碍)wasthefinal．Nomatterwhat___28___Igot,itwouldn'tcancelthreeC-pluses．Imightaswellkissthe___29___goodbye.Istoppedworkinghard．IfeltIknewthecoursematerialaswellasIeverwould．Thenightbeforethefinal,Ieven___30___myselftoamovie．ThenextdayIdecidedforonceI'dhave___31___withatest.Aweeklater,IwassurprisedtofindIgotanA．IhurriedintoProfessorJayne'soffice．He___32___tobeexpectingme．"IfIgaveyoutheAasyou___33___,youwouldn'tcontinuetoworkashard．"Istaredathim,___34___thathisanalysisandstrategy(策略)werecorrect．Ihadworkedmyhead___35___,asIhadneverdonebefore.Iwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived:A-plus．ItwastheonlyA-plusgiven．ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship．I'vealwaysrememberedProfessorJayne'slesson:youalonemustsetyourownstandardofexcellence.A.quarreledB.reasonedC.bargainedD.chatted

40、意象艺术不以纯客观再现为目的,……,（）精神世界。A.抽象B.主观C.丰富D.理性

41、根据以下材料，回答Aswithspokenlanguage,writtenlanguageisalwaysusedforapurpose.Peoplereadatext11theythinkthatitwillenablethemtofindanswerstoquestionsthattheyareinterestedinanswering.Peoplewritetoexpressan12ortogiveinformationtoparticularreaders.Thereare,ofcourse,manydifferentpurposesforreadingandwritinganddifferentpurposeswill13differentreadingandwritingstyles.Ingeneral,writtenlanguageisstructurallymore"correct"thanspokenlanguage.Ithasclearwordandsentence14anditsinformationismoredenselypacked.Moreissaidin15words.However,writtenlanguagealsocontainsbothstructuralandcontextualredundancyandthiscanhelpreadersto16thetext.Writtenlanguageisoftenstructurallymore17thanspokenlanguage.Thisisbecausewhenpeoplewritetheyhave18tothinkaboutwhattheywanttowriteandareableto19towhattheyhavewrittenandreviseitasoftenastheywish.Thisgreater,structuralcomplexityisonefactorthatmaymakeatext20tounderstand.Whenpeoplereadintheirfirstlanguage,theydonotusuallyreadeverywordinthetext.Readers21theireyesacrossanddownthetextstoppingatgroupsofwords(fixations)tocheckformeaning.Thespeedwithwhichpeopleread22theirpurposeforreadingandonhow23arangeofpossiblemeaningstheirbrainhastochoosefromateveryfixation.24readersusethestructuralandcontextualredundancyofthelanguage,their25ofwhattheyhavealreadyreadandthegeneralknowledgetheyalreadyhaveto26whatwillcomenext,andso27thenumberofpossiblechoicesthatthebrainhastoconsideratanyfixation.Bothwriters,whenchoosinghowtoexpresstheir28meaningfortheaudiencethattheyhaveinmind,29readers,wheninterpretingwriters′meaning,relynotonlyontheirlinguisticknowledge,but30theirgeneralknowledgeofthecontextinwhichtheyarereadingA.ConsiderateB.EfficientC.SympatheticD.Desirable

42、下图为某地一年中气温日变化的分布图，读图回答题。图中能够说明该地气候干燥，陆地吸热增温迅速的时段是()。查看材料A.1月0～6时B.3月7～12时C.7月9～15时D.10月12～18时

43、5月初，几位“驴友”到我国东南部某山区旅游。下图为该山区地形示意图，图中①～⑥处为露营和观景的备选地点。最适宜观日出的地点是()。A.③B.④C.⑤D.⑥

44、根据迁移过程中所需的内在心理机制的不同而进行划分，迁移可分为（）。A.正迁移和负迁移B.水平迁移和垂直迁移C.一般迁移与具体迁移D.同化性迁移、顺应迁移与重组性迁移

45、Publishedin1926,TheSunAlsoRisesisanovelwrittenby___________,afamousAmericanwriter.A.JackLondonB.ErnestHemingwayC.MarkTwainD.WilliamFaulkner

46、下列四组生物中，都属于原核生物的一组是（）。A.病毒和黑根霉B.细菌和衣原体C.蓝藻和酵母菌D.眼虫和变形虫

47、公民权利中最基本、最重要、内涵最为丰富的一项权利是（）A.隐私权B.人身权C.名誉权D.荣誉权

48、张三将自己的闲置资金用于投资，共选择了股票、债券和储蓄存款三种投资方式，下面柱形图是对这三种投资方式特点的描述，图中①②③应分别是（）。{图]A.股票、债券、储蓄存款B.储蓄存款、债券、股票C.债券、储蓄存款、股票D.股票、储蓄存款、债券

49、师生关系在道德上是（）的关系。A.授受服从B.民主集中C.矛盾排斥D.相互促进

50、奥苏伯尔的有意义言语学习理论既依据学习结果，也依据学习过程和条件对学校进行分类，从学习结果看，学习用符号表征一类事物，获得一类事物的共同本质特征属于()。A.机械学习B.概念学习C.符号表征学习D.命题学习二、多选题

51、教育的最高理想通过（）体现出来。A.课程目标B.教育目的C.教育目标D.培养目标

52、根据国际货币基金组织的决定，人民币从2016年10月1日起成为“可自由使用货币”。这是该组织“历史上首次”扩大作为特别提款权基础的货币篮子。此举体现的宗旨和使命是()。A.打破关税壁垒B.稳定国际汇率C.促进自由贸易D.消除贫困根源

53、向正在进行有氧呼吸的细胞悬液中分别加入a、b、c、d四种抑制剂后，有关推测正确的是（）。A.若a能抑制丙酮酸分解，则丙酮酸的消耗增加B.若b能抑制葡萄糖分解，则丙酮酸增加C.若c能抑制ATP的形成，则ADP的消耗增加D.若d能抑制[H]被氧化成H2O，则O2的消耗减少

54、下图表示人体内特异性免疫的过程，相关叙述错误的是()。A.图中实线表示体液免疫过程.虚线表示细胞免疫过程B.图中甲、乙、丙、丁细胞均能特异性识别抗原C.记忆细胞能识别抗原与记忆细胞的细胞膜表面的糖蛋白有关D.物质戊的合成和分泌与核糖体、内质网、高尔基体和线粒体有关

55、某区域经济组织的宗旨是：取消贸易壁垒，创造公平竞争的条件，增加投资机会，保护知识产权，建立执行协定和解决争端的有效机制，促进三边和多边合作。该组织()。A.促进了西欧国家经济的发展和实力的增强B.是目前世界经济中最为成功的区域性经济组织C.较好地实现了发达国家和发展中国家的合作D.开始改变由西方国家决定世界事务的局面

56、下列属于安徽地方戏曲是（）。A.泗州戏B.昆区C.豫剧D.评剧

57、固定化酵母在发酵生产中得到了广泛应用。下列有关叙述正确的是（）。A.利用固定化酵母发酵，发酵液浓度不宜过高B.固定化的酵母不能繁殖，性状较为稳定C.固定化酵母形成的凝胶珠越大越好，越硬越好D.酵母固定化的目的是为了提高发酵速率

58、《天津市中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010--2020年)》提出，坚持把人才培养和质量提高摆在首位，把()作为核心理念，全面实施素质教育，全面提高教育发展水平。A.为了每一个学生的发展B.更好地提高学生成绩C.办好每一所学校，教好每一个学生D.提高每一位教师的教学水平

59、根据以下材料，回答题Lazinessisasin,everyoneknowsthat.Wehaveprobablyallhadlecturespointingoutthatlazinessisimmoral,thatitiswasteful,andthatlazypeoplewillneveramounttoanythinginlife.Butlazinesscanbemoreharmfulthanthat,anditisoftencausedbymorecomplexreasonsthansimplewishtoavoidwork.Somepeoplewhoappeartobelazyaresufferingfrommuchmoreseriousproblems.Theymaybesodistrustfuloftheirfellowworkersthattheyareunabletojoininanygrouptaskforfearofridiculeorfearofhavingtheirideasstolen.Thesepeoplewhoseemlazymaybeparalyzedbyafearoffailurethatpreventsfruitfulwork.Orothersortsoffantasies(幻想)maypreventwork;somepeoplearesobusyplanning,sometimesplanninggreatdealsorfantasticachievementsthattheyareunabletodealwithwhatever"lesser"workisonhand.Stillotherpeoplearenotavoidingwork;strictlyspeaking,theyaremerelyprocrastinating--reschedulingtheirday.Lazinesscanactuallybehelpful.Likeprocrastinators(拖延者),somepeoplemaylooklazywhentheyarereallythinking,planning,contemplating(沉思),researching.Weshouldallrememberthatgreatscientificdiscoveriesoccurredbychance.Newtonwasn′tworkingintheorchardwhentheapplehithimandhedevisedthetheoryofgravity.Allofuswouldliketohavesomeone"lazy"werecausedbytheworker′stakingtimetocheckeachstepofhisworkandtodohisjobright.Andsometimes,beinglazythatis,takingtimeoffforarestisgoodfortheoverworkedstudentsorexecutive.Takingarestcanbeparticularlyhelpfultotheathletewhoistryingtoohardorthedoctorwho′ssimplyworkinghimselfovertimetoomanyeveningsattheclinic.Sobecarefulwhenyouaretemptedtocallsomeonelazy.Thatpersonmaybethinking,resting,andplanninghisorhernextbook.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.查看材料A.lazinessisamoralsinB.thereareadvantagesanddisadvantagesinbeinglazyC.lazinessisthesignofdeep-seatedemotionalproblemsD.lazypeopledomorecarefulwork

60、下列有关乳酸菌的叙述．正确的是()．A.单细胞真核生物B.主要通过芽孢繁殖后代C.可利用其制作泡菜D.能利用CO2和水生成乳酸

61、下列生理过程中，不消耗ATP的一组是()。A.蛋白质的合成和加工B.染色体的复制和运动C.C02还原和胰岛素分泌D.质壁分离和复原

62、下列能正确表示神经纤维受刺激时，刺激点膜电位由静息电位转为动作电位的过程是（）。A.①→④B.②→③C.③→②D.④→①

63、下图示意某区域G1至G2的石油管道，是世界上纬度最高的石油管道。据此完题。铺设该石油管道所要面对的自然困难是()。查看材料A.地广人稀B.冻土分布C.地震频发D.基础设施落后

64、下列各组物质中都可用双缩脲试剂鉴定的是（）。A.酶、氨基酸、抗体B.胰岛素、抗体、ADHC.雄性激素、载体、酶D.受体、雄性激素

65、骨骼肌的肌肉物理特征有（）。A.收缩性、弹性、黏滞性B.伸展性、收缩性、黏滞性C.伸展性、弹性、黏滞性D.伸展性、弹性、收缩性

66、课堂教学效率的高低取决于（)三大要素的相互协凋。A.教师、学生、课堂情境B.班风、纪律、学生C.教师、教学设备、学生D.教师、学生、纪律

67、拟南芥P基因的突变体表现为花发育异常。用生长素极性运输抑制剂处理正常拟南芥，也会造成相似的花异常。下列推测错误的是（）。A.生长素与花的发育有关B.生长素极性运输与花的发育有关C.P基因可能与生长素极性运输有关D.生长素极性运输抑制剂诱发了P基因突变

68、柚子果实内部细胞腐烂时消耗一定量的葡萄糖可产生AmoL的二氧化碳，其植物体叶片在正常生长时消耗同样数量的葡萄糖可产生二氧化碳（）。A.1AmoLB.2AtooLC.3AmoLD.6AmoL

69、“台湾问题”的产生最主要是由于()。A.中国内战遗留问题造成的B.外国势力干涉中国内政造成的C.雅尔塔体系划定造成的D.联合国托管造成的

70、下列句中画横线成语的使用正确的一项是（）。A.在这场抗击“非典”的战役中，广大医务工作者始终战斗在最前线，他们中的感人事迹不胜枚举B.博物馆里保存着大量有艺术价值的石刻作品。上面的各种花鸟虫兽、人物形象栩栩如生。美轮美奂C.古人中不乏学习的楷模，悬梁刺股者、秉烛达旦者、闻鸡起舞者，在历史上汗牛充栋D.我们应该向先进企业学习，起初可能是邯郸学步，但终究会走出自己的路来

71、______weshallbendthismaterialintoaringisnotyetdecided.A.WhichB.WhereC.WhyD.Who

72、一位科学家的墓碑上锈刻着这样的铭文：“他以神一般的力量，……第一个说明了行星的运动和图像。”这位科学家应该是()。A.哥白尼B.牛顿C.爱因斯坦D.达尔文

73、马绍尔群岛是在古老玄武岩基岩上形成的珊瑚礁，以环礁居多，科学家研究发现位于图中M处的诺克斯环礁1905年突然消失，百年后开始“复活”，新的小岛在废墟中重生诺克斯环礁迅速复活的主要原因是()。A.光照强B.气温下降C.降水丰富D.沉积物多

74、人体骨骼肌的结构分为（）。A.基本结构和形态结构B.形态结构和辅助结构C.基本结构和复合结构D.基本结构和辅助结构

75、读某河三角洲示意图，完成题。该地区聚落分布（）。查看材料A.在狭隘的河漫滩平原上B.呈点状分散分布C.蜿蜒分布于山前D.沿河发展，形成蜿蜒的沿河聚落带

76、学生最主要的权利是（）。A.人身自由权B.人格尊严权C.名誉权D.受教育权

77、Ihadabadhabitofskippingtothelastpagesofabook.Ijustwantedtoseehowitended11Iwasstillinthemiddleofit.Thishabit12firstmymorn,thenmyfriends,and13evenmyowndaughter.Oftenmy14wouldn′tbelimitedjusttothebooksIreadbutalsotowhatotherswere15aswell.Thenonedaymydaughtertoldmeinanger,"Dad,pleasejustreadabookone16atatimelikeeveryoneelse!"AttimesIdidn′t17thisbadhabittojustbookseither.Ialsotriedtoskipaheadinmyownlifeand18outwhattodomonthsandevenyearsfromnow19enjoyingeachdayatpresent.AlthoughIknewthatthe20ofmylifewasn′tdoneyetandthatIhadmanypages21togo,Istillcouldn′tcontrolmyburningdesiretowritethe22ofithalfwaythrough.Timeandagain,Iwould23jumpaheadandtrytosolveeverypotential(潜在的)problembeforeithappened.Life,24,doesn′tworklikethat.Itlovesto25us,andyouneverknowwhatnewproblems,changes,oropportunitieseachnewdaywill26.RecentlywhenIfoundmyselflivinginthe27again,IfeltavoicethatgentlytoldmeIneededto"liveonedayatatime".WhenIheardthosewords,I28,turnedthebookofmylifebacktothe29.page,andthankedGodfortoday.Eachofushasto30thebookoflifelinebyline,momentbymomentandtrustthatourstorywillbebroughttoitsperfectend.Ihadabadhabitofskippingtothelastpagesofabook.Ijustwantedtoseehowitended11Iwasstillinthemiddleofit.Thishabit12firstmymorn,thenmyfriends,and13evenmyowndaughter.Oftenmy14wouldn′tbelimitedjusttothe