2021-2022学年高中英语Unit15LearningSectionⅡLesson2DifferentSchools课后篇巩固提升（含解析）北师大版必修

Unit15LearningSectionⅡLesson2DifferentSchools课后篇巩固提升一、单词拼写1.—Whatisyour(座右铭)?

—Nopains,nogains.答案motto2.—Whatdoyouthinkofyourgrandfather?—Inaway,heisvery(保守的).

答案conservative3.—Whatisyourgirlfrienddoingnow?—Sheis(选择)awatchforme.

答案selecting4.—Whyisthisgirlfeelingsosad?—Hergoodfrienddidn’tescape(惩罚).

答案punishment5.Theoldcouplehadan(另类的)lifestyle,buttheyhadagood(名声).Theywerealwaysso(温和的)thattheytalkedinalowvoice.Thehusbandusedtobevery(杰出的)andhis(格言)was“Betterlaterthannever.”Theyoften(挑选)somegiftsforthepoorchildrenonChristmas.

答案alternative;reputation;mild;outstanding;motto;selected二、写出画线部分的汉语意思Theyoungmanreceivedlittleeducationandhewasveryloose1..Hehadabadreputation2.,butheneverreflected3.onhisbehavior.Hisneighborsdislikedhim,forintheiropinion,hewastooalternative4..Herefusedtomakeaslight5.change.Fiveyearslater,heendedupwithpunishment6..

答案三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.—WouldyoumindifIopenthewindow?—No.Notinthe(slight).

答案slightest2.Dadpickedupthe(receive)anddialedthenumber.

答案receiver3.Thecoachmadeher(select)fortheteam.

答案selection4.Itseemedthat(punish)hadverylittleeffectonhim.

答案punishment5.Sandy,youmusthave(understand)him.Ithink,youshouldbelievehim.

答案misunderstood四、用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空(每个限用一次)takeup,fallbehind,gettogether,goover,lookup,puton,putoff,getonwith1.Becauseoftheheavyrain,oursportsmeetwas.

答案putoff2.It’susuallyusefultoyournotesbeforeexams.

答案goover3.Howisyoursisterhernewclassmatesinthenewschool?

答案gettingonwith4.Davidalwaysstudieshardincasehemightothers.

答案fallbehind5.Onsuchaspecialoccasion,familiesinthevillagewouldandhaveabigdinner.

答案gettogether6.Playingputergamesalwaysmostofhissparetime.

答案takesup7.OnweekendsIlikeinformationthroughtheInternet.

答案lookingup8.Idon’tthinkheisfeelingsad.Heisjustit.

答案putting;on五、阅读理解(2019·全国Ⅲ)Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith025dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeysbined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here’showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachbination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,”Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey’redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”1.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem.B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem.D.Theymeasuredthem.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeysto...”和“Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeysbined...”可知,研究者在测试前对猴子进行了训练。2.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos.D.Bymixingtwodrinks.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.”可知,想得到奖励,猴子需要触摸屏幕。3.WhatdidLivingstone’steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“...indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachbination.”可知,猴子正在进行计算,而不仅仅是记住每个组合的值。故A项正确。4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health.C.Education. D.Science.答案D解析文章出处题。本文主要介绍了哈佛医学院的科学家对猴子进行研究,结果发现猴子可以进行基本的加法运算。由此可知本文与科学有关,故D项正确。六、完形填空Somepeopleallowbadpastexperiencestokeeptheminfear.ApersonalexampleofthishappenedwhenIwasinmiddleschool.Weeachwereaskedtogiveanoral1infrontofthewholeclass.Whenmyturncame,Ibecame2andIstartedswingingmylegsbackandforth.Ididthisduringtheentirepresentation.Iwasa3studentandIdidnotrealizeIwasdoingit.

AfterIpletedmypresentation,I4didorevenwantedtogiveanotheroralpresentationfortherestofmyyearsinschool.5Igotolder,IrealizedIwantedtoimprovemypersonalityandbuild6overmyfear.Ibeganlisteningtomotivationalspeeches.Iwouldgoto7seminars(研讨会)andfoundIwasfeelingbetterandbetteraboutmyself.This8metowanttoreachoutandhelpothersinneed.

Afterlisteningtooneparticularspeakermanytimes,Idecidedtowritetohimfor9.Hehadadvisedinhisspeechesthatiftherewassomethingyouwantedto10,youshouldbepersistent(坚持不懈的).SoIbecameverypersistent.

Iwrotetohisofficemanytimesandthey11calledmeback.Theyofferedmehelpbyinstructingmeto12alocalToastmastersandseewhatitwasallabout.Toastmastersisagreatorganizationforpeoplewhoareinterestedinimprovingtheir13skillsinpreparationforpresentationsinfrontofa(n)14.Icertainlyneededtodothis.IlocatedthenearestToastmastersand15ameeting.

Atfirst,Isatinthebackgroundandwastoooverebymy16.Ididnotevenwanttointroducemyself.Butby17thiswasjustthefalseevidenceappearingreal,I18myfearandwithinashortperiodoftimeIwasPresidentofthatToastmasters.

Don’tget19infearsfromunpleasantpastexperiences.Fearsare20butfalseevidenceappearingreal,andtheyaremadetobebroken.

1答案A解析句意:我们每个人都被要求做一个自我介绍。下文“Ididthisduringtheentirepresentation”中的presentation为提示词。故用presentation(介绍)。2答案B解析由后半句“Istartedswingingmylegsbackandforth”可知我当时是很紧张的,故用nervous(紧张的)。3答案C解析根据句意可知,这句表达的是我那时还小,并没有意识到在做什么,故用young。4答案D解析根据上下文意思可知,这句表达的是完成自我介绍之后,我从来没有想过在学校里再有一次口头的介绍。故用never(从未)。5答案C解析本句表达的是随着年龄的增长,我意识到我想完善我的性格并且建立自信。根据句意故用as(随着)。6答案B解析本句表达的是随着年龄的增长,我意识到我想完善我的性格并且建立自信。根据句意及语境故用confidence(自信)。7答案C解析根据后半句“andfoundIwasfeelingbetterandbetter”可知这些研讨会都是让人大受鼓舞的,故用inspiring(令人受鼓舞的)。8答案B解析前面提到这些励志演讲及研讨会都是让我备受鼓舞的,因此这句表达的是鼓励我伸出手去帮助那些需要帮助的人,故用encouraged(鼓励)。9答案D解析根据后一句“Hehadadvisedinhisspeeches...”可知前一句的意思是我决定写信向他征求建议。故用advice(建议)。10答案A解析根据上下文意思,这句意思是如果你想完成/实现一些事情,你应该坚持不懈。故用achieve(完成/实现)。11答案D解析根据句意,这句表达的是我给他们办公室写了很多信,他们终于给我回了。故用finally(终于)。12答案B解析根据句意,这里表达的是指导我联系当地的一家Toastmasters,故用contact(联系)。13答案A解析根据文章意思可知,作者想提高演讲技能。而Toastmasters这个机构正是为了提高人们的演讲技能而设立的。故用speaking(演讲)。14答案C解析根据意思可知,是在观众面前展示。故用audience(观众)。15答案C解析这句表达的意思是我找了最近的一家Toastmasters,并且参