高中英语学习：近五年高考英语语法填空真题解析(一)

近五年高考英语语法填空真题解析

近五年高考英语语法填空真题解析

2018年高考题

[2018•全国I]

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethree

years___61___longthannon-runners.Youdon，thavetorunfastorfor

long___62___seethebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstill

reduceyourriskof___63___dieearlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularly

can，tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit___64___bemoreeffective

atlengtheninglife___65___walking,cyclingorswimming.Twoofthe

authorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014___66_showed

amerefiveto10minutesAdayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdisease

andearlydeathsfromall___67___cause.

Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise***it's

probablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,do

exercisesto___68___strengthyourlegmuscles肌肉，avoidhillsandget

goodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit，s

always___69___energy.Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthe

timetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldall

give___70___atry.

【答案】61.longer62.tosee63.dying64.is65.than66.thatwhich

67.causes68.strength69.energetic70.itunning

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处,它可以帮助人们延年益寿。

63.考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。

此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。

64.考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长

寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is0

65.考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中

的moreeffective可知此处填than。

66.考查定语从句的关系词。此处astudy是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语,

故填that或whicho

2017年高考题

[2017•全国卷I]

Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardslower

fatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedical

community医学界61.amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashad

someunintendedside62.effectsuchasoverweightandheart

disease一theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.

Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired

63.processthefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandfor

severalotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64.removefrom

food,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As65.result,

peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.

Even66.bad,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.

Fastfood67.befulloffatandsalt;by68.eatmore

fastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.

Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack

吃点心betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,

be69.carenottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossible

tohavetoomuchofboth,70.isnotgoodforthehealth.

【答案与解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂

肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身

的健康将会受到损害。

61.as考查介词。这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的。

as表示“作为”，故填as。

62.effects考查名词复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些意料之外的

副作用”，根据前文的some可知副作用有很多，故填effects。

66.worse考查比较级。更糟糕的是，人们所吃的快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。

67.is考查主谓一致。fastfood的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可

数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。

68.eating考查动名词。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填eat的动名词形式。

故填eating。69.careful考查形容词。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词

作表语，故填careful。70.which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可

知whichisnotgoodforthehealth为非限制性定语从句,先行词为前文中

的tohavetoomuchofboth,即"摄入过多的脂肪和盐"。故填which。

2016年高考题

【2016•全国新课标I】

Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuilding,and

fancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareits

top61_attract.

Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profit

PandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I62_(allow)

togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,

IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe_63__officialgiven

tomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback

64_mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,65_Iwasthefirst

WesternTVreporter_66permittofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandas

rescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude

67_introduceBritishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduand

othersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.

Onmyrecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeen

rejectedby_____68_itmother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew

_69_daywithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,_70

otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.

【答案】

61.attraction62.wasallowed63.officially64.to65.when66.permitted

67.introducing68.its69.days70.the

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所

闻。67.introducing考查动名词。介词后面应该用动名词形式。68.its

考查代词。修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词，故填its。69.days考查名词复

数。Few修饰复数名词。70.the考查冠词。固定短语：one•••theother一

个...另一个”。

2015年高考题

【2015•全国卷H】

Theadobedwellings土坯房61.buildbythePuebloIndiansofthe

AmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven62.mostmodernof

architectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakes

theadobedwellingsadmirableistheir63.ableto“aircondition”

ahousewithout64.useelectricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobe

takeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat

65.slowduringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.Whenanew

daybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough

66.coolthehouseduringthehotday;67.thesametime,

theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle68.godayafterday:

Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandare

thusalwaysatimelyoffset抵消fortheoutsidetemperatures.As

69.naturearchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly

70.thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkon

mostdays.

【答案与解析】

65.slowly根据空格前面的giveoutthatheat和后面的duringcoolnights

可知，这里使用副词修饰动词短语giveouto土坯房比现在的房子好在冬暖夏

凉。现代的建筑师都很羡慕这样的房子不用空调就能很好地调节室内的温度，不

过关键是这房子的墙的厚度。

66.tocool结合空格前面的coldenough可知后面使用不定式形式，构成“be

+adj.enoughtodosth”的句型。

67.at此处是一个固定词组。atthesametime与此同时。

68.goes此处指前面提到的循环不断地持续下去。Thecycle的谓语动词用单

数，且为一般现在时。

69.natural结合空格后面的architects可知此处要用形容词作定语修饰后面

的名词，因此填naturalo

70.how根据空格后面的thick是一个形容词，因此填how,引导宾语从句，作

figuredout的宾语。

2014年高考题

【2014•新课标全国卷I】

Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?

In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,

Ohio.It_61_beunimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriver

wassopollutedthatit_62_actualcaughtfireandburned.Now,years

later,thisriverisoneof_63_mostoutstandingexamplesof

environmentalclean-up.

Buttheriverwasn，tchangedinafewdays_64_evenafewmonths.It

tookyearsofwork_65_reducetheindustrialpollutionandcleanthe

water.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriver

is_66_cleanthanever.

Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit_67_

isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon，tknow

howtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyouface