呼伦贝尔市重点中学高三适应性调研考试新高考英语试题及答案解析

呼伦贝尔市重点中学高三适应性调研考试新高考英语试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Ifithadnotbeenfortheheroes’contributionsandsacrifices,we_____suchahappylife.A．wouldn’thaveled B．wouldn’tbeleadingC．haven’tled D．arenotleading2．Theconferenceaimstodevelopbusinessandletpeoplethinkabout_______theycanhaveapositiveinfluenceontheplanet.A．whyB．thatC．whatD．how3．—MrJohnson,IhavesomethingIwouldliketotroubleyouwith.—________.JusttellmewhatIcando.A．YouhavemywordB．Don'tgivemethatC．YoucansaythatagainD．Don'tstandonceremony4．Contrarytopopularbelief,theants,hardworking________theyare,havetheirtimeforplay.A．because B．while C．as D．where5．Moststudentsstudybecauseit’sunavoidable.________,therearestudentswhoactuallyenjoyit.A．Asaresult B．InadditionC．Inconclusion D．Bycontrast6．Davewasa________.Becauseofhismisconductinclass,thewholeclasshadtostayafterschool.A．wetblanketB．leadinglightC．blacksheepD．darkhorse7．—WhendidTomcometoQingdao？—ItwasinJuly，2006andheatripinChinawithhisparentsatthattime.A．wouldtake B．hadtakenC．wastaking D．hadbeentaking8．Oneofourrulesisthateverystudent_______wearschooluniformwhileatschool.A．might B．couldC．shall D．will9．I’msorryyouhavebeenwaitingsolong,butitwillstillbesometime________youcangetyourpassport.A．since B．tillC．after D．before10．Manymemoriesofoldtimeswerebytheconversationwehadtogetherthatevening.A．calledup B．turnedup C．takenup D．keptup11．—Didyoupassyourdrivingtest?—Yes,otherwiseI________tothepicnicnextmonth.A．couldn'tdrive B．couldn'thavedrivenC．won'tdrive D．wouldn'thavedriven12．IwillbesurprisedifyoucangetCalvin,whoisaclose-fistedman,thesedonationdrawticketsfromyou.A．buy B．buyingC．buys D．tobuy13．Don’ttouchyoureyes,noseandmouth,becausetheyaren’tcoveredbyskinandcan_______thevirusmoreeasily.A．takeup B．pickup C．makeup D．setup14．----CanIparkmycarhere?----Surenot,wedon’tallowhere.A．toparking B．park C．topark D．parking15．________themselvesinthecommunityservices,studentscangainexperienceforgrowth.A．Involved B．ToinvolveC．Havingbeeninvolved D．Involving16．SheisstubborninresistinghisenquiriesabouttheMoonstone_____thedegreethatshemakesitseemasifshedoesnotwantthemystery______.A．on;tosolve B．with;solvingC．for;beingsolved D．to;tobesolved17．Thoughourfootballboysarefacedwithfourgoalsbehind,theyarestillstrugglinghardinthefieldto______.A．facethemusic B．savefaceC．costtheirarmandleg D．landontheirfeet18．Backwardsomewhattechnologically________weareforthemoment,wehaveconfidenceinourabilitytocatchupintime.A．althoughB．ifC．asD．once19．________whoareabletoworkthroughthestrugglearethe________whoaregoingtobesuccessful.A．Someone;one B．Anyone;oneC．He;ones D．Those;ones20．IfeelIamaswell-behavedandascarefulasmydeskmate,but_______Ialwaysfallbehind?A．howabout B．howcomeC．whatif D．whatfor第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Throughouthistoryscientistshaveriskedtheirhealthandtheirlivesintheirsearchforthetruth.SirIsaacNewton,theseventeenthcenturyscientist,wasverysmart,butthatdidn’tstophimfromdoingsomeprettystupidthings.InhislaboratoryinCambridgeheoftendidthestrangestexperiments.Once,whiletestinghowlightpassesthroughlenses(晶状体),heputalongneedleintohiseye,pushedittotheback,andthenmoveditaroundjusttoseewhatwouldhappen.Luckily,nothinglong-lastingdid.Onanotheroccasionhestaredatthesunforaslongashecouldbear,todiscoverwhateffectthiswouldhaveonhissight.Againheescapedsuffering

permanent

damage,thoughhehadtospendsomedaysinadarkenedroombeforehiseyesrecovered.Inthe1750stheSwedishchemistKarlScheelewasthefirstpersontofindawaytoproducephosphorus(磷).Heinfactdiscoveredeightmorechemicalelementsincludingchlorine(氯),thoughhedidn’tgetanypraiseforthem.Hewasaverycleverscientist,buthisonefailingwasacurioushabitoftastingalittleofeverysubstanceheworkedwith.Thisriskypracticefinallycaughtupwithhim,andin1786hewasfounddeadinhislaboratorysurroundedbyalargenumberofdangerouschemicals,anyofwhichmighthavebeenresponsibleforhisdeath.EugeneShoemakerwasarespectedgeologist.Hespentalargepartofhislifestudyingcraters(火山口)onthemoon,andhowtheywereformed,andlaterdidresearchintothecometsoftheplanetJupiter.In1997heandhiswifewereintheAustraliandesertwheretheywenteveryyeartosearchforplaceswherecometsmighthavehittheearth.WhiledrivingintheTanamidesert,normallyoneoftheemptiestplacesintheworld,anothervehiclecrashedintothemandShoemakerwaskilledonthespot.Someofhisashes(骨灰)weresenttothemoonaboardtheLunarProspectorspacecraftandleftthere

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heistheonlypersonwhohashadthishonor.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“permanent”inParagraph2mean?A．Brief. B．Slight.C．Lasting. D．Ordinary.2、WhatdidKarlScheelelikedoingwhenperformingexperiments?A．Tastingchemicals. B．Stayingintheemptylab.C．Experimentingindarkness. D．Workingtogetherwithothers.3、WhatspecialhonorwasShoemakergivenafterhisdeath?A．HewasburiedintheTanamidesert.B．Someofhisasheswereplacedonthemoon.C．OnecometofJupiterwasnamedafterhim.D．AspacecraftcarryinghimtraveledaroundJupiter.4、Thetextismainlyaboutthreegreatscientists’_____.A．specialhonors B．greatachievementsC．famousexperiments D．sufferinginthejob22．（8分）Podcasts(播客)TheB．S.ReportDesignedforthesportsfanwithasenseofhumor,theB．S.ReportislocatedbythesportswriterBillSimmons.It’snotuncommonforhimtogoalmostawholeshowwithoutevenmentioningsports.Wait,Wait…Don’tTellMeTheshowisanewsprogramintheformofagameshow.EachweekagroupofhumoristsandwritersjoinhostPeterSagalinChicago,wheretheyarequizzedontheweek’smostimportantandfunnynewsstories.Listenersalsogettocallintoplaydifferentnewsrelatedgamesforaprize.TheMothTheMothisaweeklypodcastrunbyanonprofitartorganization.Theshowismadeupofrecordingsof“truestorytoldbeforealiveaudiencewithoutnotes”.Eachweek,thegroupreleasesshort10-20minutetalestoldbypeoplefromallwalksoflife.Pastpresentershaveincludedwriters,comedians,scientistsandevenNewYorkCitypoliceofficers.FilmspottingFilmspottingisaweeklypodcastandisamust-listenforanymoviefan.Theshowisfocusedonmoviereviews,buthostsAdamKempenaarandMattyRobinsondomorethanjusttelltheirlistenerswhichnewmovieisworthseeing,theyalsodiscussandexaminethefilmasanartform.Theshowdoesn’tfocusoncurrentmovies,either,asthehostsfrequentlydiscussoldfilmsaspartthememarathons.1、Ifyouareapoliceofficer,youcantakepartin.A．TheB．S.ReportB．Wait,Wait...Don'tTellMeC．TheMothD．TheFilmspotting2、WhatdoTheMothandFilmspottinghaveincommon?A．Theyareweeklyprograms.B．Theyareopentoeveryone.C．Theirhoststellstoriestothelisteners.D．Theyarenonprofitartsorganizations.3、Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．YoucanplaygamesintheB．S.Report.B．PeoplecantellstoriesintheMoth.C．AdamKempenaarjusttellstheirlistenersoldmovies.D．TheMothisavailableonlyinNewYork.23．（8分）HawkingdiedearlyWednesdayathishomeinEnglandattheageof76.Throughouthiscareerasoneoftheworld’smostrecognizablecosmicthinkers,heregularlythrewhimselfintopopculture’scomedicringwithcameos（客串）onprogramssuchasTheSimpsonsandLateNightwithConanO’Brien.TheseappearancesdefinedHawking’spersonallifeasmushashisuniverse-shakingtheoreticalwork.Humor,however,wasnotjustonesideofhispersonality,butakeytoovercomingthediseasehestruggledagainstsince1963.“Keepinganactivemindhasbeenvitaltomysurvival,ashasmaintainingasenseofhumor,”Hawkingsaidina2013documentary.“IamprobablybetterknownformyappearancesonTheSimpsonsandonTheBigBangTheorythanIamformyscientificdiscoveries.”At21,Hawkingwasdiagnosedwithaconditionsimilartoamyotrophiclateralsclerosis（肌萎缩性侧索硬化症）,alsoknownasLouGehrig’sdisease.AccordingtotheALSAssociation,“HalfofallpeopleaffectedwithALSliveatmostthreeormoreyearsafterdiagnosis.Twentypercentlivefiveyearsormore;onlytenpercentwilllivemorethantenyears.”ThediseasewouldeventuallyshutdownHawking’smotorfunctions,makinghimspeechlessandunabletomovewithoutawheelchair.Doctorsinitiallysaidhewouldbedeadintwoyears.Hiscondition,however,provedtobearateslow-actingversion.ButHawkingfoughtthroughhisworsephysicalstate,risingtoapositionasacelebratedprofessorofmathematicalattheUniversityofCambridgeandalteringthepopularconceptionofphysicswithhis1988bestseller,ABriefHistoryofTime.“WhenIturned21,myexpectationswerereducedtozero,”hesaidinaTVshow.Headded,“ItwasimportantthatIcametoappreciatewhatIdidhave.It’salsoimportantnotbecomeangry,nomatterhowdifficultlifeis,becauseyoucanloseallhopeifyoucan’tlaughatyourselfandatlifeingeneral.”1、WhatwasHawkinglikeaccordingtothetext?A．Hewaskindandbrave.B．Hewasfriendlyandadventurous.C．Hewashumorousandstrong-minded.D．Hewasshyanduncommunicative.2、HowdidHawkingdealwithALS?A．Hedidfurtherresearchintothedisease.B．Hekeptapositiveattitudetowardshisdisease.C．Hedidmoreexerciseandspokealotwithothers.D．Hewenttohospitaltohaveahealthcheckregularly.3、WhatcanbelearntfromthestoryofHawking?A．Laughteristhebestmedicine.B．Losttimeisneverfoundagain.C．Everythingcomestohimwhowaits.D．Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.4、Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．ALSisacommondiseaseinEngland.B．DoctorsonceabandonedtreatmentforHawking.C．PlayingrolesincomedywasHawking’sfavorite.D．It’salmostawonderthatHawkingcansurvivethedisease.24．（8分）Evenforafirst-timevisitortoChina,itisimpossibletoignorethepopularityofQuick-Response(QR)codes.Thesesquare-shapedblack-and-whitesymbolsinWeChatorAlipaywhereQRcodesarescannedtoaddnewfriendsormakepayments.TheQRCodesystemoriginatedinJapan.TheengineerMasahiroHarafeltthelimitationoftheone-dimensionbarcodeinuseandthusdevelopedtheQRcodeswhichcouldcarrydatahorizontallyandvertically.QRcodescouldholdmuchmoreinformationthanbarcodeduetotheirextradimension.Inaddition,QRcodeshavelargerdatacapacity,smallerprint—outsizeandhigherresistancetodirtanddamage,whichmakethemwidelyappliedinmanyotherapplications.ThoughthetechnologyofQRcodesiscomplicated,wecaneasilycreateourownQRcodeswiththehelpofQRcodegenerators,manyofwhichareavailableonlineforfree.UserscouldenterthedatatheywishtheQRcodetodisplay,andthegeneratorturnsitintoasymbolthatcanbeprintedordisplayedinelectronicform.TheprocessofcreatingQRcodescouldbereallyfunwhenwecustomisethedesignofthecodesaccordingtoourspecificneeds.Forinstance,wecanadjustthecolor,addalogo,andcreatesocialoptionsetc.Moreover,dynamic(动态的)QRcodesarealsoavailable.TheyaremorevariousthanstandardQRcodesbecausetheyallowuserstoeditdataenteredpreviouslywhereasdatainstandardQRcodescannotbeeditedonceprinted.Plus,don’tlimityourQRcodetoonemobilescanner.Anyonecanscanyourcodewithanyreader.Alowerbarriertoentrymakessuccessmorelikelyforyouandtheuser.Meanwhile,wemustalsorecognizethevulnerabilityofQRcodes.Duetoitseasyaccess,criminalscanstealsimplybyreplacingtheQRcodeswiththeirown,routingcashintotheirownbankaccounts.Hence,weshouldallbecomemoreconscioustowardsvirtualmoneytransactionsthroughQRcodesandparticipateinadditionalsecuritymeasures.1、WhichofthefollowingisNOTafunctionofQRcodes?A．Datastorage.B．Scanningreader.C．Socialnetworking.D．Mobilepayment.2、Whyisbarcodementionedinparagraph2?A．Tointroducethemaintopic.B．Toshowtheauthor’sattitude.C．TohighlightthefeaturesofQRcodes.D．Toaddsomebackgroundknowledge.3、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“vulnerability”underlinedinparagraph4?A．Threat. B．Weakness.C．Difficulty. D．Simplicity.4、WhichistrueaboutQRcodesaccordingtothetext?A．TheywerefirstusedinChina.B．Thegeneratorschargetheusersalot.C．DataeditingispossibleinprintedQRcodes.D．MorescanningdevicesareavailableinreadingQRcodes.25．（10分）Ifyouthoughtpilotsdimmed（调暗）thelightsbeforetakeofftogiveyousomeshuteye,thinkagain.Believeitornot,thedimlightingcouldactuallyhelpsaveyourlifeincaseofaplaneemergency.Thedimmedlightsbeforetakingofftherunwayandlandingareaflightprecautionusedtohelppassengers’eyesadjustquickerduringanemergencyescape.“Goingfromabrightlylitenvironmenttoonethat’scompletelydarkwouldrequiresometimeforoureyestofocusandseetheescapeslide,”AliceTheriault,servicedirectorforAirCanadawroteinapressstatement.“Sinceweneedtohaveallthesecondsonoursideintheeventofanemergency,dimmingthelightsisoneofmanystepswetaketoensurethesafetyofourcustomers.”Thephenomenonthatyoureyesseethosestrangespeckles(小斑点)asyoursightadjuststoadarkplaceafterbeinginalightplaceiscalleddarkadaptation.Itnormallytakesoureyesabout20to30minutestoseebestinadarkroom.Thebrighterthelights,thelongerittakesforoureyestoadjust,whichiswhydimmingtheplanelightscouldshortenyour“darkadaptation”timesinceyouhaven’tbeensittingunderfluorescentbulbs(荧光灯)allflight.Notonlydoesdimminglightsaddvaluabletimetotheescapeprocess,itreducesthetensiononyoureyesifyouneedtolookoutside,orseetheemergencylightingalongthepassage.“Ithelpskeepyouintherightdirection.”PatrickSmith,anairlinepilotandauthorofCockpitConfidentialtoldTheTelegraph.“Italsomakesiteasierforflightattendantstoassessanyoutsiderisks,suchasfireordebris,thatmightaffectanescape.”Sonexttimeapilotdimsthelights,justknowit’sforyoursafety,eventhoughitcreatesagentleatmosphereforyourtakeoffintothesky.1、Thelightsareturneddownbeforetakeofftohelppassengers_______.A．takeashortbreakB．escapeintimeofemergencyC．createawarmatmosphereD．adapttheireyestothebrightenvironment2、Whatisoneoftherolesofshortening“darkadaptation”time?A．Slowingdownthelanding.B．Adjustingtheplanelights.C．Keepingpassengerscalm.D．Helpingthecrewjudgeoutsiderisks.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Dimminglights.B．Theescapeprocess.C．Reducingtension.D．Thepassage.4、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Atipofairtravel.B．Anemergencyeventonaplane.C．Awarningmessageonaplane.D．Anexplanationofanairlinesafetymeasure.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Whenyouthinkoffriends,youoftenthinkofthosewhoaccompanyyouforalongtime.Butthereisanotherkindof1—onethatdoesnotunfoldovera2periodoftimebutspringsentirelyfromaparticular3.Inmyeighthgrade，therewasJenny.I4tostayatherfarmhousewithcatsanddogs.Eighthgradewasaterribleyear.Weboth5it，butwedidn'ttalkaboutit.Oncoldwinterdays，she6mehowsheliedonherponyRedwing'sback.Thenwewould7onlongjourney，ridingandwalking.SheleftinninthgradeandI8her.Wehadgotteneachotherthrougha9time.Anyonewithchildrenknowstherapidfriendshipsformedwithparallelparents.ToJulie,Iwillbeforever10.Wemetona11inNewJersey.Hertwinboyswereaboutthesame12asmydaughter.Shelivedinthebeachtown.Ilivedalonewithmy13ablockaway.MyhusbandhadleftforNorthDakota,leavingmeto14outwhattodonext.Now,15,therewassomeoneIcouldtalkto.Forthenextweeks，wemetatthebeach，andIwouldgo16withhersothatthe17couldgoonplaying.Thenormalstateofherlittlehome18mybrokenheart.Suchfriendsastheseoften19whenyourownlifeisoffbalance；they20youtilltheworldsettlesonitsaxis(轴)onceagain.1、A．classmate B．friendship C．marriage D．neighbour2、A．brief B．special C．consistent D．long3、A．custom B．festival C．ceremony D．moment4、A．loved B．tended C．attempted D．demanded5、A．overlooked B．knew C．forgot D．preserved6、A．inspired B．required C．consulted D．showed7、A．goout B．makeup C．slowdown D．fallbehind8、A．followed B．admired C．missed D．forgave9、A．cheerful B．difficult C．grand D．decisive10、A．reliable B．merciful C．generous D．grateful11、A．beach B．farm C．playground D．square12、A．size B．intelligence C．age D．weight13、A．daughter B．husband C．sister D．parents14、A．turn B．puzzle C．point D．carry15、A．punctually B．ridiculously C．suddenly D．theoretically16、A．home B．downtown C．shopping D．swimming17、A．adolescents B．boys C．children D．girls18、A．ached B．hardened C．comforted D．bled19、A．withdraw B．arrive C．disappear D．gather20、A．recommended B．promoted C．tolerated D．supported第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Mydadisanenthusiastic(狂热的)runnerwho1．(great)influencedmewhenIwasyoung.SoIwasverysportybeforetheageof14.However,whenmyfamilymove,mynewschooldidn’tpaymuchattention2．sportsandhadnoafter-schoolactivitieslikefootballorrunning.Overthenextfewyears,I3．(stop)exercisingapartfromduringPhysicalEducationlessonsatschool.ItlookedlikeIwas4．(health);however,Iwasnot.Oneday,Iwaslateforabus,triedtorunafteritandinunderaminutewasoutofbreath!ThismademerealizehowunfitIwas.5．(help)myselfgetinshapeagain,Imadea(n)6．(decide)thatIwouldtakeupakindofsport.Afriendofminesuggestedaswimmingpool7．shegoestoafewtimesaweek.Now,I’maswimminglover!Ifindswimminginthepoolvery8．(relax).Iswimfor9．hourthreetimesaweek.IhopethatIwillsoonstarttofeelthebenefitsofregularexercise,andwillbecome10．(fit)thanbefore.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastweek,Ilearnedalessonaboutbeinghonesty、ItwasFriday,earlyonthemorning,Ididnotwantgotoschool,soItoldmymotherthatIgotthefever、Ipretendedtobeseriouslyill、Mymotherwentoutquickly,lookedworried、Ithoughtshewenttowork,butafterawhile,shereturnedbackwithsomemedicine、Shetoldmethatsheasksforadayofftolookafterme、Afterwar