闽粤皖京甘豫2024届高考英语一轮复习学案选择性必修第二册Unit5Education北师大版

Unit5EducationⅠ.认阅读单词1．facilitatevt.促进；使便利2．cultivatevt.培养，养成(技能、态度或素质)3．fellowman人类4．philosophern．哲学家5．enlightenvt.启迪；指导，教导6．straightforwardadj.简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的7．dolln．玩偶8．initiallyadv.起初9．imitationn．模仿，仿效10．violetn．紫罗兰11．rayn．(太阳或月亮的)光线12．abstractadj.抽象的13．conceptn．概念；想法14．breakthroughn．突破；重大进展15．necklacen．项链16．objectiven．目的，目标adj.客观的17．well-roundedadj.多面的，全面的18．cognitionn．认识，认知19．coreadj.核心的20．insightn．洞察力；顿悟21．civiladj.文明的，有礼貌的；公民的22．integrityn．正直，诚实；完整23．acquisitionn．获得，习得24．economicsn．经济学25．uncriticallyadv.无鉴别力地；不加批评地26．respectivelyadv.各自地27．initiativen．主动性28．autonomousadj.自主的；自治的29．demonstratevt.展示；说明30．royaladj.皇家的；王室的31．primitiveadj.原始的32．BCE公元前33．prisonn．监狱34．conventionaladj.守旧的；传统的35．kingdomn．王国36．civilisationn．文明37．apronn．围裙38．entitlevt.名为……；使有权利39．implyvt.意味着……40．overalladj.全部的41．preoccupiedadj.全神贯注的42．philosophyn．思想体系；哲学Ⅱ.记重点单词1．significancen．重要性，意义2．promotevt.促进，增进3．sympathyn．同情，同情心4．insistvi.坚称；坚持主张5．severeadj.很严重的6．stubbornadj.固执的，执拗的；倔强的7．tendencyn．倾向8．superbadj.极好的，卓越的9．eyesightn．视力10．relatevi.理解；相联系11．techniquen．技巧，手法12．streamn．水流13．liquidn．液体14．preciousadj.宝贵的15．graspvt.理解，领会16．gradualadj.逐渐的，逐步的17．vocabularyn．词汇量18．complexadj.复杂的；难以理解的19．gentlyadv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地20．apparentadj.显而易见的；明白的21．foreheadn．额，前额22．vividadj.生动的，逼真的23．gainvt.获得，赢得，取得；受益24．pursuevt.追求25．criticaladj.批评的，批判的26．moraladj.道德(上)的27.regardlessadv.不管；不顾28．circumstancen．境况，状况；情况，情形29．citizenn．公民；市民30．brilliantadj.聪颖的，才华横溢的31．obviousadj.显然的，明显的；易理解的32．rankn．等级33．worthyadj.有价值的；值得尊敬的34．churchn．教会；教堂35．universen．宇宙36．abandonvt.放弃；抛弃37．owevt.有……是由于；把……归功于38．shadown．阴影39．vitaladj.极其重要的，必不可少的40．mankindn．人类41．routinen．惯例，常规；例行公事42．motionn．运动43．timetablen．时间表，日程表；时刻表44．facilityn．设施，设备Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．consistentadj.一贯的，一致的→consistvi.由……组成；在于；符合2．analysevt.分析，剖析→analysisn．分析，剖析3．educatorn．教育工作者→educatevt.教育；教导，指导→educationn．教育→educationaladj.教育(方面)的；有教育意义的→educationalistn．教育(学)家4．evaluatevt.评估，评价→evaluationn．评估，评价5．exceptionallyadv.极其，非常；例外地；罕见地→exceptionaladj.杰出的，非凡的；例外的→exceptionn．例外；除外→exceptprep.除了……之外6．restrictionn．限制，规定，约束→restrictvt.限制，约束→restrictiveadj.限制的，限定的7．unbearableadj.难以忍受的；承受不住的→bearvt.忍受；承受→bearableadj.可以忍受的8．troublesomeadj.令人烦恼的；引起麻烦的→troublen．问题，麻烦9．excitementn．兴奋，激动→excitevt.使激动；使兴奋→excitedadj.激动的→excitingadj.令人激动的10．painfuladj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→painfullyadv.令人痛苦地；艰难地→painn．痛；痛苦11．enthusiasticadj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地，热心地→enthusiasmn．热情12．expandvi.&vt.(使)扩大；增加→expansionn．扩大；扩充；扩张13．puzzlevt.使困惑，使迷惑n.谜；难题→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的；费解的→puzzledadj.困惑的；茫然的14．disappointedadj.失望的，沮丧的→disappointvt.(使)失望→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn．失望15．contributevi.&vt.奉献，捐献→contributionn．奉献，捐献16．financen．金融；财政→financialadj.金融的；财政的17．exposevt.使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露→exposedadj.无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的→exposuren．接触；暴露18．surroundingadj.四周的，附近的→surroundvt.包围；围绕→surroundingsn．环境19．judgementn．判断力；意见，评价；判决→judgev．判断n．法官；审判员20．behavevi.表现→behavio(u)rn．表现；行为21．conclusionn．结论→concludevt.推断出；得出结论vi.结束，终结22．definitionn．定义，释义→definevt.下定义；界定23．responsibilityn．责任→responsibleadj.有责任的24．priorityn．优先处理的事；优先权→prioradj.优先的；较重要的；先前的；早前的25．stimulatevt.刺激，促使，促进→stimulationn．刺激，激励，激发26．assessvt.评价→assessmentn．评价；估价27．inefficientadj.效率低的，能力差的→efficientadj.效率高的；有能力的→efficiencyn．效率28．approvevt.赞成；赞许；批准→approvingadj.赞成的；赞许的；同意的→approvaln．赞成；赞许；批准→disapprovevt.不赞成，反对29．urgevt.强烈要求；敦促→urgentadj.紧急的→urgencyn．急迫；急事30．assumptionn．假定，假设→assumevt.假定，假设→assumingconj.假设；假定31．respectedadj.受尊敬的，受敬重的→respectvt.尊敬n．尊敬；方面→respectableadj.值得尊敬的；得体的→respectfuladj.尊敬的；恭敬的32．wisdomn．智慧→wiseadj.智慧的33．beneficialadj.有利的，有帮助的→benefitvt.对……有益vi.受益于n.利益34．arrangevt.排列，布置→arrangementn．排列，布置1．guidancen．引导；指导2．guiltyadj.有罪的；做错事的；内疚的；羞愧的3．handyadj.手边的；附近的；方便的4．harbourn．港口5．headlinen．(报刊的)大字标题6．hopelessadj.没有希望的7．humorousadj.幽默的8．identicaladj.同一的；完全相同的9．inevitableadj.不可避免的10．immuneadj.免疫的；不受影响的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．regardlessof不管；不顾2．inconclusion最后3．haveatendencytodosth有做某事的倾向4．relateto理解；有关5．holdup举起6．openup开放，开启7．beeagertodosth渴望做某事8．beenthusiasticabout对……有热情9．putone’sarmround/aroundsb搂住某人10．keepondoingsth继续做某事11．workon从事12．inaflash突然，一瞬间13．tostartwith首先，作为开始14．beusedtodoing习惯于15．goagainst反对；对……不利16．cometoone’sdefence为某人辩护Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Helen’sparentsgotasuperbteacherrecommendedtothem，awomannamedAnneSullivan.(getsb/sthdone)海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀老师。2．NowthatHelengraspedthekeytolanguage，shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.(nowthat)由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。3．Ithoughtitstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.(it作形式宾语)我觉得很奇怪，因为我的老师不能给我表示什么是爱。4．ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchacomplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.[Itwasthe＋序数词＋time(that)＋主语＋haddone...]那是海伦第一次明白那个她触摸不到的复杂词语的意思。5．Withoutloveyouwouldnotbehappyorwanttoplay.(without引导的含蓄虚拟语气)没有爱，你就不会快乐，也不会想玩耍。6．...peoplelikeGalileoGalilei(1564－1642)，whoprovedtheideathat“theEarthisnotthecentreoftheuniverse”，wereoftenpunishedbythechurchwithnoonecomingtotheirdefence.(with的复合结构)……像伽利略•伽利莱(1564—1642)那样证明了“地球不是宇宙中心”的人物，往往会被教会惩罚，也没有人会为他们辩护。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。eq\x(educator，obvious，imply，significance，vital，behave，contribute)Educationisexceptionally1.____________infacilitatingindividualdevelopmentandpromotingsocialprogress.Ithelpscultivatecreativemindsanddevelopsympathyforfellowmen.2.____________areexpectedtoteachmorallessons，enlightenmindsandclarifywhatpuzzlesstudents.Somepeoplethinkthatteachingmeansexpandingstudents’vocabularies，andthatmakingstudentsunderstandabstractconceptstocopewithallkindsofassessments.3.____________，thiscognitioniswrong.Teachingismuchmorecomplexthanthis.Teachingcanbepainful.Itisapparentthatnotallstudentsarebrilliant，which4.____________thatteachershavetotryallmethodstomakeslowstudentstogainknowledge.Somestudents，whothinkallrestrictionsunbearable，aretroublesomeandstubborn.Theyneverhaveschools’timetablesinmindandhavetheirowndailyroutine.However，teachersareexpectednottoabandonasinglestudentregardlessofhis/herbad5.________.Theyhavetourgestudentstostudyhard，stimulatetheinitiativeinstudentsandteachthemintegritysothattheycanmake6.____________tosocietyinthefuture.Inaddition，studentsarenowexposedtocomplexcircumstances，soitis7.____________forthemtothinkcritically.Thatis，itisteachers’responsibilitytocultivatestudents’insightandjudgement.However，thefruitofeducationissweet.Almostallcivilisationsregardedteachersasworthyandrespectedcitizens.Manysuccessfulpeopleowetheirsuccesspartlytotheirteachers.Inconclusion，educationisbeneficialtomankind.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇consistentadj.一致的；连贯的；始终如一的(consistvi.由……组成；在于；与……一致)•beconsistentwith...与……一致•consistof(＝bemadeupof＝becomposedof)由……组成consistin在于……；存在于……consistwith和……一致(1)Itisapparentthatthevalueofourlifeconsists______pursuingourobjectiveandmakingonebreakthroughafteranother.(2)(读后续写之升华句)众所周知，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。①Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatlife_______________________________________.(consistof)②Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatlife_________________________________________.(bemadeupof)(3)(应用文写作之建议信)如果你想让别人相信你，你的言行应该一致。Ifyouwantotherstobelieveinyou，_________________________________________________.用法点拨consistof没有被动语态和进行时态。insiston/upon(sb/sb’s)doingsth坚持(某人)做某事insistthat...eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(坚持认为，坚持说……从句用陈述语气,坚决要求……[从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋do”]))insistvi.&vt.坚持认为；坚决主张/要求(1)我坚持认为为了保护海洋我们每天应从小事做起，并且我坚决要求每个人都参与进来。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)Iinsistthatwe________________________________everydaytoprotecttheoceanandthateveryone__________________________________________.(2)只有当你坚持运用你所学的东西你才能够尽快掌握汉语。(2021·上海，书面表达)①YoucanmasterChineseasquicklyaspossibleonlywhenyou_________________________________________________________________________________.(insiston)②____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(用倒装句改写)puzzlevt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)困惑n．谜；难题(puzzledadj.困惑的；茫然的puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的)•puzzleover/about苦思冥想；仔细琢磨•bepuzzledabout对……迷惑不解(1)Afterhearingthe____________conclusion，hehada____________lookonhisfaceandIwas____________aswell.(puzzle)(2)(话题写作之传统文化)外国人对怎样正确地使用筷子感到困惑。①Foreigners________________________howtousethechopstickscorrectly.(puzzledadj.)②________________________________________________________________________(puzzlevt.；主语从句)用法点拨puzzled，confused，frightened等分词化的形容词既用来修饰人，也用来修饰与人有关的名词，如：look，voice，smile，expression等。disappointedadj.失望的，灰心的(disappointvt.使失望；使破灭；使落空disappointmentn．[U]失望；[C]令人失望的人或事物disappointingadj.令人失望的)•bedisappointedat/with/by...对……失望bedisappointedtodosth对做某事失望bedisappointedthat...因……失望•toone’sdisappointment令某人失望的是(1)Totheir__________________(disappoint)，thetwinsfailedtocookaMother’sDaybreakfastatthefirstattempt.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)(2)(读后续写之失望心理描写)我因为我父母收养了一个无家可归的男孩而失望，好像他偷走了我父母的爱。我对于和他分享我的玩具是如此失望，以至于整天唉声叹气。意识到我对于他的到来很沮丧，他竭尽全力帮助我、照顾我，我的失望逐渐让位于我对他的感激。I____________________________________myparentshadadoptedahomelessboyanditseemedasifhehadstolenmyparents’love.I__________________________________________thatIsighedawaymydays.SensingthatI______________________________________________hisarrival,hedidwhateverhecouldtohelpmeandcareformeand________________________graduallygavewaytomygratitudetohim.worthyadj.值得尊敬的；有价值的•beworthyof值得……beworthytobedone＝beworthyofbeingdone值得做(某事)•bewellworthdoing非常值得做•Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth.做某事是值得的。由BBC制作的精良纪录片《杜甫：中国最伟大的诗人》值得观看。(2020·江苏，书面表达)(1)Thewell-madedocumentary，DuFu：China’sGreatestPoet，producedbyBBC，____________________________________.(beworthyof)(2)Thewell-madedocumentary，DuFu：China’sGreatestPoet，producedbyBBC，____________________________________.(beworthyto)(3)Thewell-madedocumentary，DuFu：China’sGreatestPoet，producedbyBBC，______________________________.(worth)(4)________________________________________________thewell-madedocumentary，DuFu：China’sGreatestPoet，producedbyBBC.(worthwhile)urgevt.敦促；极力主张；驱策n.强烈的欲望；冲动(urgentadj.紧急的urgencyn．急迫；急事)•urgesbtodosth催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth极力主张/强调……做某事Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth极力主张/强调……做某事。•have/feelanurgetodosth有强烈的欲望做某事(1)Incaseof____________，callthepoliceandtheycanhelpyouhandle____________matters.(urge)(2)为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人反思他们不恰当的行为并且做出改变。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)①Toprotectoceansbetter,we______________________________________________________andmakechanges.(urgesbtodosth)②Toprotectoceansbetter,we______________________________________________________andmakechanges.(urgethat...)(3)随着中国的发展，极力主张年轻人无障碍地与外国人交流。因此，任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的英语口语俱乐部。(2022·天津，书面表达)WiththedevelopmentofChina，_______________________________________theyoung____________________________________________________________withoutdifficulty.Hence,anyone________________________________________________________________________canregisterforourSpokenEnglishClub.owevt.欠(钱、人情等)；归因于；归功于•owesbsth/owesthtosb欠某人某物owesthtosb/sth把某事归功于某人或某事•owingto因为，由于(1)Thebrilliantinventorowedhisnewsuperbinvention____________thewisdomofallhisworkmates.(2)由于他出色的判断力，我们最终赢了这场比赛。________________________________________________________，wefinallywonthegame.(3)(应用文写作之道歉信)周五下午未能和你一起去书店，我欠你一个道歉。I______________________________________________________________________________onFridayafternoon.regardlessof不管；不顾•regardlessofthefactthat...不顾……的事实•inspiteof＝despite尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)•withregardto关于；至于(读后续写片段)不顾巨大的挑战，为了给妹妹赢一双新鞋，阿里决定参加跑步比赛。尽管在比赛中意外摔倒，阿里还是跳了起来，冲向终点线。至于结果，阿里赢得了三等奖，获得了新鞋，像鸟儿一样飞奔回家。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________，Aliwasdeterminedtotakepartintherunningracetowinanewpairofshoesforhisyoungersister.___________________________________________，Alijumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline._________________________________，Aliwonthethirdprize，gotthenewshoes，andflewtohishomelikeabird.get＋宾语＋宾补Helen’sparentsgotasuperbteacherrecommendedtothem，awomannamedAnneSullivan.海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀老师。•该句中got作谓语，asuperbteacher作宾语，recommendedtothem作宾补。其中，宾语和宾补之间为动宾关系，表示被动。构成“vt.＋宾语＋过去分词”结构。•可以用于该结构的动词常常是感官动词，如see，notice，watch，hear，feel等，以及使役动词，如have，get，keep，leave，make等。此外want，like等表示想或好恶的词也有此用法。(1)Theheadmasterwantstogettheschoolyard____________(expand)．(2)Iwasextremelygladtohearmyplan____________(approve)．(3)Don’tleavethefacilities____________(expose)tostrongsunshineforlong，whichwilldamagethem.(4)让她兴奋的是，她看到周围的环境改善了很多。Toherexcitement，she____________________________________________________________.Itwasthefirsttimethatsbhaddone...ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchacomplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldn’ttouch.那是海伦第一次明白那个她触摸不到的复杂词语的意思。This/That/Itwasthefirst/second/...timethat＋过去完成时这/那是某人第一/二/……次做某事This/That/Itisthefirst/second/...timethat＋现在完成时这/那是某人第一/二/……次做某事(1)这是我们第一次准备英语话剧，所以我们亟须你的帮助。(2020·全国Ⅲ，书面表达)__________________________________________________________________foranEnglishdrama，forwhichweareindesperateneedofyourhelp.(2)那是我第一次把晚餐分发给那些需要帮助的人，所以我有点担心和紧张，汗水从额头上流下来。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)________________________________________________________________________________________________，soIwasabitworriedandnervous,withsweatrunningoffmyforehead.1．CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad，inordertopromoteenvironmentalprotection.(2022·全国甲)为了促进环境保护，曹和吴也收集沿途的垃圾。2．Theysimplyinsistonmutualrecognitionandregard.(2022·全国乙)他们仅坚持相互的承认和尊重。3．Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha“vocabulary”of66gestures.(2021·浙江1月)他们说，野生黑猩猩用66种手势组成的“词汇表”相互交流19种特定的信息。4．Eachvolumeinthesetexploresawiderangeofmaterial,explainsthebasicconceptsofmajorapplicationsofdigitalsystems,anddiscussestheinfluencestheyhaveoneverydaylife.(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)每一卷都探索了广泛的材料，解释了数字系统的主要应用的基本概念，并讨论了它们对日常生活的影响。5．Itproducesadeafeningsoundsopainfulthatittemporarilydisablesaperson.(2020·天津)它会产生一种震耳欲聋的令人痛苦的声音，使人暂时丧失(行动)能力。6．However，boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls，andtheparentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythantheparentsofgirls.(2020·全国Ⅱ)然而，男孩比女孩更倾向于玩更复杂的拼图，男孩的父母比女孩的父母提供更多的空间语言，在拼图游戏中更积极。7．Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)不管它是什么，其结果是对中亚最纯粹的传统的精细而生动的描述。8．Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives，keepinginmindyourbeliefs，valuesandstrengths.(2019·全国Ⅱ)制定现实性目标的另一种方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．streameq\x(A.n.小溪B.n.一连串C.vi.流淌D.n.气流)(1)Thediscoverytriggeredastreamofreaders’letters.________(2)Astreamofcoldairrushedthroughtheopendoor.________(3)Canyoujumpacrossthestream?________(4)Tearsstreamedfromhereyeswhenshesawthesadmovie.________2．gaineq\x(A.vt.获得；赢得B.vt.增加；增长C.vt.钟表快D.vt.到达E.n.利益；好处)(1)Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation(突变)thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.________(2)AndIwentintoaspeechabouthowhardIworkedandthegainsIwasmaking.________(3)Ihadtogetmywatchrepairedbecauseitgainedtwominutesevery24hours.________(4)Somepeopledogainweightaftertheystopsmoking.________(5)Atlastshegainedtheshelteroftheforestwithaguideleadingtheway.________3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Manypeopleareinsympathywithyourviews.____________(2)Rankthestatesintheorderofsize.____________(3)IwishthatyoucouldgraspthisopportunitytolearntraditionalChineseculturefurther.____________(4)Irepeatedthequestionandwaitedforhertoexpand.____________(5)Althoughthejobtakesasignificantamountoftime，moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.____________(6)Theplantoabstract8milliongallonsofwaterfromtheriverhasprovedtobepractical.____________Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Whencriticisedthatwhathesaidwasnotconsistent____________whathedid，hesmiledinembarrassment.2．OurEnglishteacherinsistedthatwe__________(imitate)thepronunciationofbroadcastersofBBC.3．Thedogwas____________(puzzle)aboutwhyhecouldn’ttouchitsfellowinthemirror.4．Tohis________________(disappoint)，whatheearnedcouldn’tcoverthemonthlyexpenseofthefamily.5．Thenewcreationofthecomedianisreallyworthyof________________________(watch)．6．Thegeniusowedhissuccess____________hisdiligenceratherthanhisintelligence.7．Chinahasa________________(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.(2022·全国乙)8．Theclubtakesinanybodyregardless____________region，colour，orcreed.9．You’dbettergotothesurgerytogetyourbleedinghand____________(treat)．10．Thisisthefirsttimethatshe__________________(take)aballetcourse，sosheisquiteclumsy.Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练(2021·全国甲——关于中国传统文化征求建议)1．我们的老师已经明确表示，我们将把我们讨论的结果发布在我们的学校网站上。(it作形式宾语；getsthdone)____________