湖南省郴州市湘南中学高三第二次调研新高考英语试卷及答案解析

湖南省郴州市湘南中学高三第二次调研新高考英语试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2．答题时请按要求用笔。3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI_______thesportsmeet.A．tookpartin B．wouldhavetakenpartinC．hadtakenpartin D．wouldtakepartin2．Ipreferaschool______teachershavetoworkasateam,insteadoffightingagainsteachother.A．where B．that C．as D．when3．______isimportantinstudyisdiligenceratherthanintelligence.A．Which B．WhatC．Who D．When4．Atthattime,mymindwasacomplete_______;Icouldn'tthinkofasingleanswer.A．blank B．bonusC．blow D．bottom5．Goodnews!Wedidn’tspendwehadexpected.A．ashalfmuchmoneyas B．muchmoneyashalfasC．asmuchmoneyashalf D．halfasmuchmoneyas6．Theyfelt________itwashightaxandlowincome________contributedtotheextrememiseryoftheworkingpeopleatthebottomoftheladder.A．/；that B．that;whichC．that;what D．/;which7．—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.I__________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.A．studied B．study C．wasstudying D．hadstudied8．Webelieve________youhavebeendevotedto________naturallyofgreatnecessity.A．that;being B．allthat;beC．thatall;are D．what;is9．Mostspendingthatresultsindebtislikeadrug:aquickhitofpleasurethat______,onlytodragyoudownforyearstocome.A．takesoff B．wearsoff C．setsoff D．showsoff10．Youwillhavetostayathomeallday______youfinishallyourhomework.A．if B．unless C．whether D．because11．AsIopenedmyeyes,in______directionIlooked,Icouldseesmiling,peaceful,calmandcontentfaces.A．whatever B．however C．whichever D．wherever12．_______progressitis,youcan’tstopmovingforward.A．WhatevergreatB．HowevergreatC．NomatterhowgreatD．Howgreata13．Peterishelpingsettablesinthehall,whereJohn’sbirthdayparty________.A．isholdingB．hasheldC．isheldD．willbeheld14．InApril,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsinQingdao,____the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePLANavy.A．marking B．markedC．havingmarked D．beingmarked15．Decadesago,scientistsbelievedthathowthebraindevelopswhenyouareakid______determinesyourbrainstructurefortherestofyourlife.A．soonerorlater B．moreorless C．toandfrom D．upanddown16．–What’sthatnoise?–Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine______.A．wastested B．willbetestedC．isbeingtested D．hasbeentested17．－Doyoureallymeanitwhenyousayhewillagoodpresident?A．judge B．duit C．turn D．Serve18．Thereareno______proposalstoreducetheroadaccidents.Wearestillseekinginspiration.A．contradictoryB．concreteC．confidentialD．controversial19．Whentheyfirstcametothecity,myparentsoftenwenttoneighborsforatalk,justasthey________inthecountryside.A．willdo B．haddoneC．havedone D．weredoing20．—Tony_______whatIdidannoyingthoughhedidn’tsayanything.—Soyouthinkyouwillhavetomakeanapology?A．couldfind B．shouldhavefoundC．mightfind D．musthavefound第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）ScientiststhinktheyhavetheanswertoapuzzlethatconfusedevenCharlesDarwin:HowflowersevolvedandspreadtobecomethemostimportantplantsonEarth.Floweringplants,orangiosperms,makeupabout90%ofalllivingplantspecies.Inthedistantpast,theyoutpaced(超过)plantssuchasconifersandfems(针叶植物和蕨类植物)，buthowtheydidthishasbeenamystery.Newresearchsuggestsitisduetogenome(基因组)size.Hundredsofmillionsofyearsago,theEarthwasdominated(支配)byfernsandconifers.Then,about150millionyearsago,thefirstfloweringplantsappearedonthescene.Theyquicklyspreadtoallpartsoftheworld,changingthelandscapefrommutedgreentoavarietyofcolours.WhyangiospermsweresuccessfulanddiverseonEarthhasbeendebatedforcenturies.CharlesDarwinhimselfcalledita“mystery”,fearingthisapparentsuddenleapmightchallengehistheoryofevolution.KevinSimoninfromSanFranciscoStateUniversityinCalifornia,USandotherresearcherswonderedifthesizeoftheplant’sgeneticmaterial—orgenome—mightbeimportant.TheyanalyseddataheldbytheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,onthegenomesizeofhundredsofplants,includingfloweringplants,gymnosperms(agroupofplantsincludingconifers)andfems.Theythencomparedgenomesizewithanatomical(结构上的)features.Thisprovides“strongevidence”,thatthesuccessandrapidspreadoffloweringplantsaroundheworldisdueto“genomedownsizing.”Byshrinkingthesizeofthegenome,whichiscontainedwithinthenucleusofthecell,plantscanbuildsmallercells.Intum,thisallowsgreatercarbondioxideuptake(摄入)andcarbongainfromphotosynthesis,theprocessbywhichplantsuselightenergytoturncarbondioxideandwaterintosugarandoxygen.Theresearcherssaygenome—downsizinghappenedonlyintheangiosperms,andhiswas“anecessaryconditionforrapidgrowthratesamonglandplants”.1、Whatdoyouknowaboutangiosperms?A．TheyaredominantplantsonEarth.B．TheyarerareplantsinSouthAfrica.C．TheyaretopicalplantsinSouthAsia.D．Theyareextinctplantsintheworld.2、Itcanbeinferredthat.A．CharlesDarwinwasconfidentofhistheoryofevolutionB．KevinSimoninisprobablyanAmericanbiologistC．KevinSimoninworksintheRoyalBotanicGardens,KewD．CharlesDarwinsucceededinfiguringouttheflowerevolution3、Whichofthefollowingcontributedtothesuccessanddiversityofangiosperms?A．Theweakerconifer.B．Thelargernucleus.C．Thesmallergenome.D．Thestrongercell.4、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A．HowAngiospermsConqueredtheWorld?B．WhatPuzzleConfusedEvenCharlesDarwin?C．WhyGymnospermsWereSuccessfulonEarth?D．WhenAngiospermsOutpacedConifersandFems?22．（8分）ThesemessagesarepostedtoHomestayWebHostsbygueststhroughouttheworld.MessageboardforadvertisementsfromguestsMessageboardforadvertisementsfromguestsKanaeMasuda*IwillstudyCantonese(粤语)inCUHKfromthisSeptember.I’mlookingformyroomduringtheperiodbeforethesemesterbegins(10-14Sep.)...moreOgataMisa*Hi,I’mMisaandI’m23yearsold.I’macollegestudentinNewYork.I’mmovingtoSeattleinSeptemberandamlookingforahostfamily…moreMinhPhan*Hi,mynameisMinhPhanandI’mafemaleinternationalhighschoolstudent(arisingsophomore).IgotoaprivateschoolinMansfieldandsoIwould…moreIslamNassar*Sohere,inJapan,Iwilltellyoumoreaboutmyselfandmyinquiry.IamIslamfromEgypt,a24-year-old(male)whoisgoingtostart…moreJulie*IwanttofindahomestaynearWinterParkHighSchoolorHagertyHighSchoolformy14-year-olddaughter.Wehopethehomestayfamilycanprovidemeals…moreMasayukiMoriyama*Hello.I’m23yearsold.I’manexchangestudentandI’meagertohaveabetterunderstandingofEnglishculture.SoIamgladifyoucanteachEnglish...moreMegumiMatsule*Nicetomeetyou.I’mMegumiMatsuie.IhaveaplanaboutworkingonholidaywithmyfriendinAustraliaforSep.2,2017.Ifyouwouldn’t...more600、Whydopeopleplacethoseadvertisements?A．Tohuntforjobs. B．Toseekhostfamilies.C．Toapplytouniversities. D．Tolearnforeignlanguages.1、Whomightprefertoliveinyourhomeifyou’reanexperiencedEnglishteacher?A．MinhPhan. B．IslamNassar.C．KanaeMasuda. D．MasayukiMoriyama.2、Whereisthepassagelikelytoappear?A．Inanewspaper. B．Inashow.C．Onawebsite. D．Inamagazine.23．（8分）Wehumansaresweetonsugar.Thatmakessense.Allanimalsneedsugartolive.It'sthefuelthatpowersourcells.Soit'snotsurprisingthatwe'reborntowantthesweetstuff.Sugarstoresthesun'senergylikeabattery.Afterameal,yourbodybreaksdownfoodsintotheirbuildingblocks.Itusessomesugarsforenergyrightaway.Therestgetstoredforthebodytobreakdownlater.It'samyththatsugarmakesyouextremelyexcited,buthavingasugarysnackcangiveyouaquickburstofenergy.That'sbecausethesugarsinsweetfoodsareeasyforyourbodytoturnintofuel.Whenyoueatotherkindsoffoods,likevegetables,ittakeslongerforyourbodytobreakthesugarsdown.Thesedaysit'seasytofindsweetsnacks.Sodas,candy,cakesandevenfoodsthatseemhealthy,suchasyogurt,canbepackedwithsugar.Foodmakersaddsugar,becausetheyknowthattohumans,sweetmakeseverythingtastebetter.Americanseatabout3teaspoonsofextrasugareveryday.That'swaymorethanwhatisgoodforus.Eatingtoomuchsugarcancausemorethanastomach-ache.Itcanmakepeopleoverweight,decaytheteethandevencausediabetes.However,expertsaren'tworriedaboutnaturallysweetfoods-theproblemisaddedsugar.Sogoaheadandenjoyasweetappleorevenasugar-richcarrotthatarealsofullofvitaminsandothergoodstuff.Evencakeisgreatonceinawhile,aslongasyoudon'toverdoit.Afterall,noonewantslifetobedull.Andyourbodyneedsitsfuel!1、Thefirsttwoparagraphsaremainlydevelopedby_'A．causeandeffect.B．problemandsolution.C．givingexamples.D．makingcomparisons.2、Peoplemaybetnckedintoeatingtoomuchsugarbecause.A．noonewantslifetobeboring.B．we'reborntowantthesweetstuff.C．so-calledhealthyfoodcanbepackedwithsugar.D．sugaristhefuelfortheplantsandanimalsontheEarth.3、WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinPara.4?A．We'dbettersaynotosweetfoods.B．Expertsareworriedaboutaddedsugar.C．Eatingtoomuchsugarisbadforourhealth.D．We'dbetterconsumesugarfromnaturalsources.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．SugarIsEverywhere.B．SugarBringsHappiness.C．WhyDoesSugarTasteSogood?D．WhyDoesSugarMakeUsFat?24．（8分）BillieHolidaywasanAmericanjazzsingerandsongwriter.NicknamedLadyDaybyherloyalfriendandmusicalpartner,LesterYoung,Holidayhadagreatinfluenceonjazzandpopsinging.Hervoicedstyle,stronglyinspiredbyjazzinstrumentalists,pioneeredanewwayofcontrollingtempo(节奏).Aboveall,shewasadmiredforherdeeplypersonalanddirectapproachtosinging.Sheco-wroteafewsongs,andseveralofthemhavebecomejazzstandards,notablyGodBlesstheChild,Don’tExplain,andLadySingstheBlues.Shealsobecamefamousforsingingjazzstandardswrittenbyothers,includingEasyLivingandStrangeFruit.Herearlycareerishardtotrackdownwithaccuracy.Butshelatergainedworksinginginlocaljazzclubsbeforebeingspottedbyatalentscout(星探),JohnHammondin1933.Hervoiceandrecordingswerelovedforthedepthofemotionandintensityshecouldbringtoclassicstandards.Herrangeofvoicewasnotthegreatest,butherextraordinarylowroughvoicewassoontobecomeveryfamousandinfluential.Shewasanimportanticon(偶像)ofthejazzeraandinfluentialinthedevelopmentofjazzsinging.Inthelate1930s,shebegansingingacivilrightssongcalledStrangeFruit,asongwhichtoldthetaleofalynching(用私刑处死)ofablackmanintheDeepSouth.Itwasverycontroversialforthatperiodanditwasnotplayedonradios.ItwasrecordedforCommodoreRecordsandsheperformeditmanytimesoverthenext20years.BillieHolidayhadadifficultupbringingwhichinfluencedherattitudetowardlife.Sheexperiencedmanyviolentrelationships.Shealsobecameincreasinglydependentonvariousdrugswhichcontributedtoherearlydeathin1959,agedjust44.1、WhatmadeHolidaydevelopanewwayofcontrollingtempo?A．Hermusicalpartner.B．Hervoicedstyle.C．Jazzinstrumentalists.D．Herdirectapproachtosinging.2、WhywasthesongStrangeFruitbannedonradios?A．Itwasaboutacruelstory.B．Itwasrecordedverybadly.C．Itconcernedcivilrights.D．Itwasperformedmanytimes.3、ItcanbelearnedfromthetextthatHoliday_____.A．hadthegreatestrangeofvoiceB．wasgiftedandhadahappychildhoodC．wroteafewsongsincludingEasyLivingD．wasfamousforhervoiceandwayofsinging4、WhichofthefollowinghadagreateffectonHoliday?a.JohnHammondb.Herindependencec.Jazzinstrumentalistsd.HerhardexperiencesofgrowingA．a,b,cB．a,b,dC．a,c,dD．b,c,d25．（10分）Inawinforliteraryfictionamiddecliningsales,SallyRooney'snovelNormalPeoplehasbeennamedWaterstonesbookoftheyearin2018.Rooney'ssecondnovel,whichfollowstwoyoungpeoplefallinginloveinIreland,hassold41,000copiesinhardbackintheUKsinceitwasreleasedinAugust-fivetimesthehardbacksalesofher2017debut,ConversationsWithFriends.At27,Rooneyisnowtheyoungestwinneroftheaward,whichisgivenbytheUK'sbiggestbookshopchain,Waterstones.NormalPeoplereceivedalmostuniversalapplauseuponitsrelease.LonglistedfortheManBookerprize,thebookwonnoveloftheyearattheAnPostIrishbookawardsinNovemberof2018andhasalsobeenshortlistedfortheCostanoveloftheyear,announcedinJanuaryof2019.ThereaderresponsetoNormalPeoplehadbeenastonishing.Aswellastheuniversalpraise,ithasbeenahugeword-of-mouth(口头的)hit.There'recustomersreturningtobuymultiplecopiesasgifts.NormalPeoplestrengthenedSallyRooney'sreputationasthevoiceofhergenerationandoneofthemostexcitingnovelistsaroundtoday.Itssuccessisatestamenttothehealthofliteraryfictionandindicatesthatthereisstillsignificantappetiteforexcellentstorytelling.Theaward,establishedin2012,tendstogotobooksthatarealreadybestsellersnearChristmas.IthaspreviouslybeenwonbythelateAmericanauthorJohnWilliams'sStoner,thecookbookPolpobyRussellNorman,andlastyear'schoice,PhilipPullman'sLaBelleSauvage.JamesDaunt,Waterstones'managingdirector,saidRooney'swinwasasignofthehealthystateofliteraryfiction,whichhasseensalesdecreaseoverthelastdecade."Wearedelightedtonameitourbookoftheyear,"hesaid.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthecurrentsituationofliteraryfiction?A．ItsellswellinWaterstones.B．Itdoesn'tenjoypopularity.C．Itmainlytellslovestories.D．Itisabigwinnerin2018.2、WhatcanweinferaboutNormalPeople?A．ItwasBritain'smostpopularbookin2018.B．Itwondifferentawardsinalotofcountries.C．Itreceivedpraisesoonafteritwaspublished.D．Itmadeitsauthorthevoiceofyoungpeople.3、Theunderlinedword"testament"isclosestinmeaningto"".A．examination B．evidenceC．concern D．statement4、WhatisthemainfunctionofParagraph5?A．Toattractreaders'attention.B．TointroduceotherprizewinnersC．Toserveasbackgroundinformation.D．TocompareSally'snovelwithotherbooks.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Faceadversity（逆境）withasmileItoldmyfriendGrahamthatIoftencyclethetwomilesfrommyhousetothetowncentrebutunfortunatelythereisabighillontheroute.Hereplied,"Youmean1.”HeexplainedthatIshouldbegladofthe2exercisethatthehillprovided.My3tothehillhasnowchanged.Iusedto4asIapproacheditbutnowItellmyselfthefollowing.Thishillwillexercisemyheartandlungs.Itwillhelpmeto5andgetfit.ItwillmeanthatIlivelonger.Thishillismyfriend6,Ihaveasmileof7asIreachthetopofthehill.Problemsaretheretobefacedand8.Wecannotachieveanythingwitha/an9life.HelenKellerwasthefirstdeafandblindpersonto10anUniversitydegree.Shewrote,‘Charactercannotbe11ineaseandquiet.Onlythrough12oftrialandsufferingcanthesoulbestrengthened,visioncleared,ambitioninspiredandsuccessachieved."Oneofthemain13ofsuccessinlifeisourattitudetowardsadversity.Attimesweallfacehardships,problems,accidentsanddifficulties.14wecannotchoosetheadversity,wecanchooseourattitudetowardsit．DouglasBaderwas21whenin1931hehadbothlegsamputated（截肢）followingaflyingaccident.Hewas15toflyagainandwentontobecomeoneoftheleadingflyingaces（擅长的人）．Hewasa/an16toothersduringthewar.Hesaid,“Don'tlistentoanyonewhotellsyouthatyoucan'tdothisorthat.That'snonsense.17yourmind,andyou'llnever18crutches(拐杖)orastick,thenhaveagoateverything.Gotoschool,joininallthegamesyoucan.Go19youwantto.Butnever,neverletthem20youthatthingsaretoodifficultorimpossible.’’1、A．slowly B．fortunately C．carefully D．quickly2、A．abundant B．proper C．extra D．necessary3、A．attitude B．access C．entrance D．affection4、A．climb B．confuse C．comment D．complain5、A．putonweigh B．gainweight C．loseweight D．takemyweight6、A．Gradually B．Finally C．Rarely D．Approximately7、A．satisfaction B．devotion C．decoration D．caution8、A．understood B．clarified C．defeated D．overcome9、A．tough B．difficult C．easy D．reasonable10、A．gain B．accept C．accomplish D．admire11、A．founded B．produced C．constructed D．developed12、A．happiness B．experiences C．difficulties D．pressures13、A．emphasis B．conflicts C．factors D．powers14、A．While B．As C．Because D．If15、A．devoted B．determined C．commanded D．forced16、A．appreciation B．qualification C．inspiration D．destination17、A．Openup B．Makeup C．Cometo D．Comeinto18、A．reject B．deliver C．abandon D．use19、A．anywhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．somewhere20、A．advise B．attempt C．request D．Persuade第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）WhileIwaswaitingforthebusIsawahomelesspersoncarryingasign1．saidhewouldlikeacupofcoffee.AssoonasIreadit,Iknewthistaskwasmeantforme.Ijoyfullyranacrossthestreet,2．(think)thatgettinghimacupofcoffeewouldbegreat.I3．(buy)thecoffeeandapproachedhimslowly.ThecloserIgot,themorejoyinhiseyesIcouldsee.WhenIhandedhimthehotcoffee,I4．(simple)said“Thisisforyou.”Icouldseesomuchjoyinhisfaceandevenatear.Hekeptthankingme,holdinghiscoffeelikethe5．(big)treasureinhislife.Itmademecrytoseethatasimpleactof6．(kind)couldbringsomuchjoytoothers.Iwalkedbacktomybusstop,andwhenthebusdriveropenedthedoorandIwanted7．(pay)thebusfare,hewavedmeandsaidithadtouchedhishearttoseemegivingawaythatcupofcoffeeand8．thefarewasonhim.This9．(amaze)momentwarmedmyheartanditgavemydayandmylife10．newstart.Itbringsmesuchjoytoloveandshare.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的同下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastwintervacation,myparentsandIwentbacktoourhometown,whereIspendmychildhood、Walkingslowinthequietsmalltownremindedmeofthegoodoldday、Iwentfromstreettostreet,inthesearchofmychildhoodfootprints、Suddenly,IfoundmeatthegateoftheprimaryschoolonwhichIstudiedforsixyears、AsIentered,Iwassurprisedfindthattheoldclassroombuildingwasgone、Butitwasfillingwithmychildhoodmemories!Ifeltsuchsadthattearsrandownmycheeks、ItwasjustlikethefeelingIhadwhileagoodfriendleftmeforever、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）你所在的校园内部浪费现象十分严重。请你在班会课上发表演讲，号召同学们从我做起，杜绝浪费。1、现象：水电，粮食；2、危害：浪费资源；增加经济负担。注意：（1）词数100左右，开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。不要逐条翻译，要组成一篇通顺的短文。文中不能出现真实的人名和地名。Dearclassmates,mayIhaveyourattention,please?NowI’dliketomakeaspeechhere.Nowadays,there