Unit+1+People+of+achievement++Learning+about+Language 高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

LearningaboutLanguage

Aims：Bytheendofthisperiod,youwillbeableto…1.findoutthedifferencesinformandfunctionsbetweenrestrictiverelativeclausesandnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.2.introduceagreatpersonusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.3.expresstheirownideasandopinionsusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Leadingin1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamehetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.(restrictive,describethekindofmedicaltreatmentstheytested)TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.(non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutNobelPrize)TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.(non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutHainan)Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.(non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutthepatients)1.Didyoucometoanyconclusions?你得出结论了吗?【词汇精讲】conclusionn.结论;推论Yourinformationisinaccurateandyourconclusionisthereforewrong.你的信息不准确,所以你的结论是错误的。【词汇拓展】Idrew

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conclusionfrommyownexperiencesthatafriendinneedisafriendindeed.我从我自己的经历中得出结论:患难见真情。Theeveningconcluded

withdinnerandspeeches.这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束了。Canhumanbeingsliveonthemoon?It’stooearlytodraw

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conclusion.人类是否能在月球上生存?现在下结论还为时过早。Cholera-choleric(adj.)=bad-temperedcholeraepidemic霍乱蔓延Severe=serious=fearful=stricte.g.abusinesswithseverecashflowproblems.一个有严重现金流转问题的企业TheUNwantstosendfoodaidto10countriesinAfricaseverelyaffectedbythedrought.acampaigntotrytochangethelawtopunishdangerousdriversmoreseverelyThisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.3.frustrated-frustrate(v.)-frustration(n.)-frustrating(adj.)-frustratedly(adv.)Wordsexplanation1.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.这种疾病会导致严重腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。severeadj.①Hisinjuriesaresevere.他的伤很重。该党在上次选举中遭到惨败。extremelybadorserious极为恶劣的；十分严重的②Thepartysufferedseverelossesduringthelastelection.ReviewthestoryofhowartemisininwasdiscoveredTuYouyou'steamexaminedover2,000oldmedicaltextsandevaluated280,000plantsfortheirmedicalproperties.TheyfoundamedicaltextSuggestingusingtheextractfromsweetwormwoodtotreatafever.TheytestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffectTheytestedacollectionofdriedwormwoodleavesbutfoundnoeffectTheyusedalowertemperaturetodrawoutthesweetwormwoodextract.Theytestedthemedicineonthemselvestoseeifsafe.TheytestedthemedicineonmalariapatientsThemedicinebecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.DiscoverusefulstruturesReadthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofclausesandstatetheirfunctions.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.non-restrictive,giveextrainformationaboutthepatients非限制性定语从句，whom引导的从句只是补充说明这些病人治疗后的效果，所以“mostofwhomrecovered”不起限制作用。其中，先行词为malariapatients，关系代词whom在定语从句中充当介词of的宾语。单元语法非限制性定语从句1引导非限制性定语从句的关系词引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：关系代词which，who，whom，whose，as；关系副词when，where等Water,whichisaclearliquid,hasmanyuses.水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.他将把野餐推迟到5月1日，那时他将有空。【学法点拨】关系词在从句中所作成分的比较：主语宾语表语定语状语关系代词√√√√

X关系副词XXXX√Theboy,whosefatherisanengineer,studiesveryhard.这个男孩，他的爸爸是一位工程师，学习很努力。OncemoreIaminBoston,whereIhavenotbeenforyears.我再次来到波士顿，我多年没来了。

Heisabsorbedinwork,asheoftenwas.他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。Wewenttothecarnivallastnight,wherepeopleworecolorfulcostumesandmarchedalongthestreet.我们昨晚去了狂欢节，人们穿着五颜六色的服装沿街游行。单句语法填空(1)Tomwasalwayslateforschool,

madehisteacherannoyed.(2)OurgraduationwillbeheldinJuly，

we’llsaygoodbyetoourteachers.(3)I’veinvitedJim，

livesinthenextflat.(4)ThisacademicpaperwaswritteninLatin,

languageIdidnotunderstand.(5)Tobywasleftonanisland，

hestayedforaslongasthreemonths.(6)HeseemsnottohaveunderstoodwhatImean，

greatlyupsetsme.whichwhenwhowhosewherewhich2as引导的非限制性定语从句as引导的非限制性定语从句,常可看作固定结构：knowntoall众所周知oftenthecase情况常常如此asissaidabove如上所述reported正如报道的那样mentioned正如所提及的那样Heforgottobringhispenwithhim,aswasoftenthecase.他忘了带笔，这是常事。Asiswidelyknown,themoonisclosertousthanthesun.众所周知，月球比太阳离我们近。Asweallknow,thisisthebestsolutiontothisproblem.众所周知，这是解决这个问题的最好办法。Ashasbeenpointedout,weshouldmakeaplanaheadofschedule.正如已经指出的，我们应该提前制订计划。

allknow众所周知asweexpected正如我们预料的

pointedout正如已经指出的那样ashasbeensaidbefore正如之前所说1.ThisisthemanthatImetyesterday.ThisisMike,whousedtobemyclassmate.2.Hesaidnothingthatmadeherangry.Hesaidnothing,whichmadeherangry.3.Hesaidnothing,thatmadeherangry.Thereason,whyhewasabsent,wasn'tgiven.试比较1、2中前后形式&句意上区别,which指代?并判断3中句子正误一、非限制性定语从句的特点whichforwhich从句区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1.形式上①_____逗号和主句隔开②______逗号和主句隔开2.意义上是对先行词的修饰限定，③_____删去是对先行词的补充说明，删去后意思④__________3.译法上翻译成先行词的定语，⑤“________”通常翻译成主句的⑥_________4.关系词⑦_________关系代词及关系副词⑧关系代词不用_______关系副词不用________不用用不能仍完整…的并列句所有的thatwhyas位置：可置于主句前、中、后。先行词：通常为整个主句含义：“正如，如同”which位置：置于主句之后

先行词：主句中的一个词、

主句的部分内容、

甚至整个主句含义：“这，那（件事）”2.as和which引导非限制性定从的区别：非限制性定语从句的特点例：DaviswantedtovisitDrYuan’snewfarm,wheretheseawaterricewasgrown.从句和主句用逗号隔开。形式意义从句与先行词的关系不十分密切，只是对修饰词作进一步说明，去掉之后并不影响整句意思。

【语法主题应用】使用本单元所学的定语从句翻译下面的语段。我有一个同学叫Kate,她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。Kate是一个容易相处的女孩,我们都喜欢她。Kate在这次英语演讲竞赛中获得了第一名,这使得她妈妈很高兴。新年就要到了,到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。众所周知,香港是一个购物天堂,Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。

IhaveaclassmatecalledKate,whosemotherismyformerEnglishteacher.Kateisagirlwhoiseasytogetalongwithandwealllikeher.Katewonthefirstplaceinthespeechcontest,whichmadehermotherveryhappy.TheNewYeariscoming,whenKatewillgotoHongKongtogetherwithhermother.Asweallknow,HongKongisashoppingparadise,whereKateintendstobuywhatsheneeds.

Workingroups1.Iwouldliketotravelaround...,…2.Whatimpressedmemost...3.Myfavouritescientistis...IwouldliketotravelaroundSichuanProvince,whereJiuzhaigoulocates.Whatimpressedmemostaboutthefilmwastheending,whichwasquitemoving.MyfavouritescientistisNikolaTesla,whowasquitebrilliantbutalsohadsomecrazyideas.4.Finallywearrivedat…5.Mygrandparentslike...6.Iwishtoobtain…Finallywearrivedatthezoo,whichwasclosedforrepairs.Mygrandparentslikegoingforoutingsinspring,whichisgoodfortheirhealth.Iwishtoobtainadrivinglicence,whichisnecessaryifyouwanttodriveacar.While-classSteps1findtherepeatingpart;2replaceitwithasuitablerelative(关系词)3replacethestop(.)withacomma(,)Practice——Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Q1:Readtheexample,Canyousummarizethestepstorewritethesentences?Example:ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.

Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,

whodiscoveredpenicillin.While-classPractice——Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Q2:Trytorewritethefollowingsentencesusingthesteps.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.____________________________________________________________________2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.________________________________________________