Unit+3+Getting+along+with+others+Grammar+and+usage高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

定语从句Theattributiveclause观察以下短语并讨论什么叫定语(attribute)?ThegreentreeTheinterestingbookAfrightenedboyAwomandoctorAwashingmachineTask1对一个名词起修饰、限定作用的成分叫定语，一个词作定语时一般前置。(1)Shewasapopulargirl.

Shewaswillingtomakefriendswithme.

Shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme.比较下列句子，并大声朗读它们。

Task2(2)Davidalsohadafriend.Hetrustedthefriendalot.Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.

什么叫定语从句?Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.

黑色的句子虽然成分完整，但是朋友的范围不清楚，我们不知到到底在讲哪个朋友；句子whomhetrustedalot对名词friend起到限定范围的作用。所以whomhetrustedalot是一个定语，但这个定语不是一个词，而是一个句子。所以这个句子叫定语从句。

Task3Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.

主句

定语从句

先行词

关系代词Task4指出下列句子中的主句、定语从句、关系代词、先行词关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词that人/物主,宾,表which物主,宾who人主,宾whom人宾whose人/物定as人/物/事情主,宾,表关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语关系词的分类：Task51.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.2.Theboy___________isreadingthebookisJim.3.Thefish__________weboughtwerenotfresh.4.Theperson_________youjusttalkedtoisJane.5.Passmethebook__________coverisblack.Task6选用关系代词完成句子。thatwhichwhowhomwhosethat/whichthat/whothat/whichthat/whom/whowhoseTask7尝试写含有定语从句的句子。Thegirl__________________ismybestfriend.whoThebook______________isveryinteresting.which/that

FindtheattributiveclausefromthemusicbelowBabywon'tyoutellmewhythereissadnessinyoureyesIdon'twannasaygoodbyetoyouLoveisonebigillusion（幻想，错觉）IshouldtrytoforgetbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadYou'retheonewhosetitup,nowyou'retheonetomakeitstopI'mtheonewho'sfeelinglostrightnowNowyouwantmetoforgeteverylittlethingyousaidbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadIwon'tforgetthewayyou'rekissingThefeelingssostrongwerelastingforsolongButI'mnotthemanyourheartismissingThat'swhyyougoawayIknowyouwereneversatisfiednomatterhowItriedNowyouwannasaygoodbyetome

1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.选用关系代词that或which完成句子。知识归纳一Theboy___________________wemetyesterdayismybestfriend.that/who/whomHeistheboy__________________wetalkedaboutjustnow.that/who/whomThebook___________________youboughtlastweekendisinteresting.that/whichThegirl___________________isinabluedressismybestfriend.Thegirl___________________youhelpedismybestfriend.that/whothat/who/whom关系代词什么情况下可以省略？知识归纳二关系代词作宾语时。当关系代词who，whom，which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时，可以省略。例如：“Isthereanything(which)youwanted?”（想要什么东西吗?）。同时，如果先行词被all、every等修饰或者先行词本身就是不定代词something、anything等的时候，关系代词也通常用that且可以被省略.关系代词作表语时。当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。如“Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.”（中国已不是过去的中国了）中的that就作为表语并被省略了.关系代词作补语时。当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足语时可以省略。比如，“Sheisall(that)ateachershouldbe.”这句话中的that就是作为宾语补足语并被省略的.在特定结构中作主语的关系代词。虽然一般说来关系代词作主语时是不能省略的，但在以下几种特殊情况也可省略：①当定语从句为therebe结构时；②当主句为therebe结构时；③当主句为itis结构时；④在way、time、reason后引导定语从句时。这些特殊用法需要具体语境来判断和理解.1.Arealfriendissomeonewhowalksinwhentherestoftheworldwalksout.2.Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.3.Arealfriendissomeonewhoseesourtrueself,notjustthefacethatweshowtotheworld.4.…themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.Readthemagazinearticleaboveandfindouttherestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronouns.5.Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove.6.“Sharing”ourexperiencesonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalueswhichmattermosttous.7.“Linking”ourfriends’photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhichweshare.1.Commoninterestsproviderichground.Manyfriendshipsgrowfromrichground.Commoninterestsproviderichground________________________________.fromwhichmanyfriendshipsgrowwhichmanyfriendshipsgrowfrom当定语从句中，关系代词whom/which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词可以放在后面也可以提前构成介词+关系代词Maryisthegirlwhom/that/whoIborrowedabookfrom.=MaryisthegirlfromwhomIborrowedabook.介词提前时关系代词不能用that/who知识归纳三2.Whenfriend’scommunicationiswarmandopen,friendshipsgrowbest.Friendshipsgrowbestbetweenfriends__________________________________.whosecommunicationiswarmandopenfriend’scommunication=whosecommunication3.Friendshipsarelikeflowers.Theseflowersneedtobetakengoodcareof.Friendshipsarelikeflowers____________________________________.

which/thatwhich/thatneedtobetakengoodcareof4.Arelationshipwithatruefriendwillsurelyproducefruit.Youcancountonatruefriend.Arelationshipwithatruefriend______________________________willsurelyproducefruit.whom/who/thatyoucancounton

whom/who/that5.Youhavebeenhelpedbyothers.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpothersinthesameway.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpotherstheway__________________________________________.知识归纳四先行词是theway,且在定语从句中充当状语时，可用that/inwhich引导，也可以省略。Thewaywasnotdifficulttounderstand.Heexplainedthesentencetousintheway.Theway_____________________________________wasnotdifficulttounderstand.Idon’tliketheway_______________youtalktoyourparents.(that/inwhich)(that/inwhich)heexplainedthesentencestous

Inpairs,describeafriendofyoursusingrestrictiveclauses.PartB3

SampleMybestfriendisHannah.Imetherinaparkwhereweplaybadminton.Oneday,thefriendwhoInormallyplaywithhadtogotohomeearly,andIwasabouttoleavetoo.ThatwasthemomentwhenHannahcameuptomeandaskedifIwantedtoplaywithher.Wegotonreallywellandsoonbecameclosefriends.IknowsheissomeonethatIcanrelyonintimesofdifficulty.Expressyouropiniononfriendsorfriendshipusingrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronouns.Let’swrite

SampleFriendshipislikesunshinewhichbringsuswarmthandhappiness.Friendshipisalsooneofthegreatestpleasuresthatwecanenjoy.Whenintrouble,weneedfriendswhocangiveussupportandencouragement.Withsuccessachieved,wealsoneedfriendsthatcanshareourjoys.Weallneedfriendswhosehelpmakesourlifemoreenjoyable.))

thesubjectoftheclausewhichsunshinethatantecedent

Friendshipislikesunshinewhichbringsuswarmthandhappiness.Friendshipisalsooneofthegreatestpleasuresthatwecanenjoy.(

oneofthegreatestpleasurestheobjectoftheclauseantecedent

(

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the