2024徐州中考英语二轮复习 专题二 第1讲 名词（课件）

需要变形的名词、形容词和副词、代词、数词专

题

二

课标知识导图1

命题点1名词词义辨析2

命题点2名词的数3第1讲名词

命题点3名词所有格4课标知识导图命题点1名词词义辨析(8年44考；单选、完形)徐州考情概览考查角度涉及题型具体考查内容同类名词词义辨析(8年37考)选择填空、完形填空抽象类(8年13考)；职业类(8年6考)；实物类(8年6考)；地点类(8年4考)；时间类(8年3考)；动物类；自然类；影视类；节日类考查角度涉及题型具体考查内容不同类名词词义辨析(8年7考)完形填空/1.(2021年9题)Mary,putonthe________tokeepyourhandswarm.A.gloves B.glasses C.socks D.jeans2.(2020年5题)Couldyoupleasepassmea________towritewith?A.ruler B.tape C.pen D.knife3.(2023年9题)The________thatthereislifeonotherplanetshasalwaysencouragedscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.invitation B.possibility C.order D.advice中考试练徐州近年真题ACB4.(2022年4题)Ifyoudon'tfeelwell,you'dbetterask________forhelp.A.apoliceman B.anaccountantC.apilot D.adoctor5.(2022年7题)Mycousinworksforanairline.Hefliesplanes.Heis________．A.aninventor B.ascientistC.anexplorer D.apilotDD6.(2022年13题)Youdon'thavetotellmeyouranswernow.Giveitsome________andthenletmeknow.A.support B.help C.protection D.thought7.(2023年11题)Theartistreceivedhigh________fromtheartcommunityforhisworks.A.praise B.prize C.price D.pride8.(2022年2题)Wehavenofoodathome.Shallwegotothe________？A.library B.supermarketC.hospital D.theatreDAB9.(2023年2题)The________isthebestplacetochatandwatchTV.A.bedroom B.diningroomC.livingroom D.bathroom10.(2022年4题)Ilove________.IhopeonedayIcantakepartinoneofthem,answerallthequestionsandwinabigprize!A.chatshows B.gameshowsC.cartoons D.documentariesCB11.(2022年9题)Withthe________，wecanchooseoneiconandclickonitformoredetails.A.menu B.printer C.screen D.mouse12.(2022年14题)At________，weeatricedumplingsandhaveaboatrace.A.Mid­AutumnFestival B.SpringFestivalC.DragonBoatFestival D.HalloweenDC13.Thereisno________tomakeexcusesforyourmistake.You'resupposedtocorrectitrightnow.A.choice B.chance C.reason D.power14.Chinesescientistshavemadegreat________inmedicalresearch.A.memory B.progressC.information D.donation15.It'simportantforustohavethe________tofacedifficultiesinsteadoffearingthem.A.courage B.interest C.value D.surpriseB拓展提升CA16.Davereallylikessinging.Ithinkbeing________isjustrightforhim.A.anengineer B.adancerC.asinger D.anactor17.Everystudentshouldlistentothe________carefullyinclassandtakenotesactively.A.teacher B.farmer C.writer D.nurse18.Wehavewider________inourvillagenow,sowecangooutmoreeasilythanbefore.A.fields B.roads C.rivers D.mountainsCAB19.Pleasehelpmeopenthe________，Sally.Iwanttoletthefreshairin.A.window B.basket C.machine D.box20.DetectiveChinatown3isaninterestingmovie,andIhaveseenittwiceinthe________．A.office B.cinemaC.playground D.classroom21.Look!Thereisa________flyinginthesky.Howfreeitis!A.bird B.lion C.panda D.sheepABA22.Myfavorite________iswinter.Icanmakesnowmenwithmyfriend.A.day B.weekend C.month D.season23.Ifthetemperatureisbelow0℃，waterwillturninto________intheopenair.A.ice B.wind C.fog D.rain24.Sally'sfavorite________isorange.That'swhyallhersweatersareorange.A.fruit B.color C.juice D.dressDAB25.Wouldyoumindsendingmesome________ofyours?Imissyouverymuch!A.magazines B.photosC.subjects D.suggestions26.Inrestaurants,peopleusuallychoosefoodanddrinksfromthe________．A.menu B.newspaperC.club D.teamBA27.Ihaverecentlymovedtothecity.Ioftengetlostandcan'tfindmy________．A.ticket B.way C.farm D.car28.—What'syour________abouttheresultofourschool'sbasketballmatch?—I'msuremyclasswillbethewinner.A.preparation B.predictionC.discussion D.introductionBB29.IfyouwanttobeadoctorlikeZhongNanshan,hardworkisthekeyto________．A.treasure B.beauty C.success D.health30.Beethoven'sbeautifulmusichasbrought_________topeopleallovertheworld.A.spirit B.pleasure C.weather D.dangerCB命题点2名词的数(8年3考；词语运用B))徐州考情概览徐州近8年中考真题名词的数仅在词语运用B)中考查了3次，均考查可数名词单数变复数。1考向可数名词1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，如：chair,chairs。2.可数名词可以被基数词、不定冠词(a/an)和many等修饰，如：sixtyseconds,amonth,manyweeks。3.只修饰可数名词复数的修饰语：数词(除one之外的基数词)，many,afew,few,several,acoupleof,anumberof,agreat/largenumberof等。满分点拨【知识必备】可数名词变复数的规则变化表情况构成方法例词一般情况(2021.60，2023.49)加­ssubject→①________human→②________book→booksinvention→inventionsdesk→desks情况构成方法例词以字母s,x，sh,ch等结尾的词加­esbus→busesbox→boxesbrush→③________watch→watches特例：stomach→stomachs情况构成方法例词以字母f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v，再加­esshelf→④________wolf→wolveshalf→halvesknife→⑤________thief→thieveslife→livesleaf→leaves特例：roof→roofsproof→proofsbelief→beliefschief→chiefs情况构成方法例词以辅音字母加y结尾的词(2020.57)变y为i，再加­escity→⑥________family→familiesparty→parties以元音字母加y结尾的词加­sholiday→holidaysmonkey→⑦________toy→toys情况构成方法例词以ce,se，ze,ge等结尾的词加­sface→faceslicense→licensesprize→⑧________orange→oranges情况构成方法例词以辅音字母加o结尾的词无生命的加­szoo→zoosphoto→⑨________radio→radios有生命的加­estomato→⑩________hero→⑪________potato→⑫________可数名词变复数的不规则变化表构成方法例词改a为e型man→menwoman→women改oo为ee型tooth→①_______foot→②_______goose→③_______在结尾加­renchild→④________单复数形式相同sheep,deer,fish常用作复数形式或只有复数形式jeans,trousers,scissors构成方法例词“某国人”变复数的规律一般加­s：American→AmericansGerman→⑤________以­ese结尾的不变：Chinese→Chinese英国人、法国人的复数要把man变成men：Englishman→Englishmen2考向不可数名词1.不可数名词没有复数形式，如：water,meat。2.不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词(a/an)直接修饰。若表示数量，可用数量词加不可数名词表达，如：aglassofwater,twopiecesofbread。3.只修饰不可数名词的修饰语：much,little,alittle,abitof,agood/greatdealof,alargeamountof等。【注意】既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语有：some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,most,hardly,any,all,therestof等。【知识必备】中考常见的不可数名词类别示例物质名词液体orange橘汁milk牛奶water水juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡食物bread面包meat肉自然weather天气fire火rain雨wind风snow雪ice冰材料paper纸plastic塑料silk丝绸gold金cotton棉花类别示例抽象名词情感joy高兴sadness悲伤学科maths数学chemistry化学概念advice建议information信息news消息knowledge知识有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，但意义不同名词可数不可数名词可数不可数chicken小鸡鸡肉orange橘子橙汁experience经历经验paper报纸，文件纸exercise练习锻炼radio收音机无线电glass眼镜玻璃room房间空间iron熨斗铁time次/倍数时间life生命生活wood树林木头，木材light电灯光，光线work作品工作命题点3名词所有格(近8年未考查)徐州中考并未对名词所有格进行考查。但名词所有格是课标要求学生必须掌握的知识点。满分点拨1考向's所有格类别构成方法示例有生命的单数名词加'smyfather'sbedroom有生命的复数名词以s结尾加'teachers'readingroom不以s结尾加'schildren'shomework类别构成方法示例表示时间、距离、国家等的名词单数加'sChina'sdevelopment复数加'tenminutes'walk表示几个人共同拥有在最后一个名词后加'sTomandJim'sroom表示每个人各自拥有在每个名词后加'sMike'sandJohn'sdesks类别构成方法示例用以构成不同的节日加's或'Children'