2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-文化差异

2024年中考英语新热点时文阅读-文化差异题型主要内容1阅读理解讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别。2阅读理解介绍了荷兰风车节的由来、日期、庆祝方式以及不同风车在荷兰文化中的内涵。3完形填空叙述了人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动，并不是所有国家都以同样的方式来庆祝新年。4短文填空介绍了印度的一些礼仪。5阅读填表讲述了关于时间的概念。每个国家对“准时”都有不同的观点，然后分别讲述了德国，沙特阿拉伯，加纳和俄罗斯对准时的概念与习惯。6语法填空说明了兔子在中西方文化中被认为是幸运的象征。01（2023·海南海口·海南中学校考模拟预测）Stir-fry(小炒),Pekingduck,friedrice—thetastesofBritain.“Britain?!”Ihearyoucry.“ButBritishpeopletakeafternoonteawithsandwiches!ThoseareChinesedishes!”AccordingtoasurveybyFoodNetworkUK,nineoutof10BritishpeoplesaidtheirfavoritefoodwasAsian.ThenumberoneinternationalfoodinBritainwasstir-fry,accordingtotheDailyMail,with55percentsayingtheyateitoften.Britainhasaverymulticulturalhistory.Centuriesofhistorybroughtdishesfromacrosstheworld.AlmosteverytownintheUKhasaChineseorIndianrestaurant,andItalian,ThaiandJamaicanarenotunusual.Perhapsit’snosurprisethattheylearnedtocookandeatdishesfromothercountries.TraditionalBritishfooddoesn’thaveagreatreputation(名声).InternationalfoodhasbecomeBritishfood,evenwhenBritisharecooking.AnothersurveybytheUKTVfoodchannelin2009showedthemostcommondishBritishcouldcookwithoutarecipewasItalianspaghetti.However,ifyou’reintheUKandthinkatriptoaChineserestaurantwouldbeagreatwaytostayawayfromhomesickness(乡愁),thinkagain.ManyBritishChinesedishesaren’texactlyChinese.AttheendofeveryBritishChinesemeal,yougetasweetcrispknownasa“traditionalChinesefortunecookie”.IhavelivedinBeijingforalmostayear.IhaveyettoeatafortunecookiethatisreallyChinese.Abowlofstir-fryfollowedbyafortunecookie...nowthatwouldbeawaytocuremyhomesickness,fortheUK.1．WhichisBritishpeople’sfavoriteinternationalfood,accordingtothesurvey?A．Stir-fry. B．Pekingduck. C．Italianspaghetti.2．What’sthemostimportantfeatureofmodernBritishfood?A．Unusual. B．International. C．Traditional.3．Whatcanwelearnfromthesixthparagraph?A．ChinesefortunecookiesarefamousinBeijing.B．ChinesepeopleintheUKwon’tgotoChineserestaurants.C．BritishChineserestaurantsaredifferenttoChineserestaurantsinChina.4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Italianfooddoesn’thaveagreatreputation.B．TraditionalBritishfooddoesn’thaveagreatreputation.C．ModernBritishfooddoesn’thaveagreatreputation.5．What’sthebesttitleforthestory?A．HistoryofBritishfoodB．InternationaltastesofBritainC．ThereputationofBritishfood02（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）TheNetherlandsislow-lyingandinfluencedbythenorthseawind,whichcausedfloodstohappeneasilyinthepast.Inordertodealwiththeproblem,theDutchusedthousandsofwindmills.SotheNetherlandsbecamethefamouslandofwindmills.Withthisinvention,theDutchsetaspecialdateandheldsomeactivities.It’sheldonthesecondSaturdayofMayeachyear.Gradually,WindmillDaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalintheNetherlands.Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsareeverywhere.Manyshopsarefilledwithcolorfulwindmillartpieces.Childrenalsoliketodrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.Windmillshavedifferentpurposesindifferentstates.Theybringgoodlucktopeopleinmostsituations.Whentheflagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyisborn,oracoupleareholdingawedding.Whenthefanofwindmillislikeacross,itmeansthatsomeimportantguestsarecomingandtheyarewarmlywelcomed.However,whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,itmainlytellsusthatsomethingbadhashappened.Nowadays,duringyourvisitintheNetherlands,youcanchoosethewindmillmuseums.Also,youcangotothelocalwindmillvillages.Therearestillmorethan1000windmillsaroundthecountry,withmanystillinuse.Everywindmilliscoveredinredandgreenandisslowlyrunningtogreetyou.6．PeopleinNetherlandsmainlyusewindmillsto________.A．produceelectricity B．dowithfloodsC．celebratefestivals D．welcomevisitors7．HowdotheDutchcelebrateWindmillDay?

________①Theydecoratethepublicplaceswithpicturesshapedofwindmills.②Shopownerspreparelotsofcolorfulwindmillartpieces.③Theyfixthefanofwindmillastheshapeofacross.④Youngkidsdrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④8．Whichpictureofwindmillsshowsthecomingofanewborn?

________A． B． C． D．9．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

________A．Visitorscanonlyenjoywindmillsinmuseums.B．Windmillsbringgoodlucktopeopleinallsituations.C．Therearefewerthan1000windmillsacrossthecountry.D．Astillwindmillmeanssomethingbadhashappened.10．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?

________A．Culture. B．Human. C．Language. D．Science.03（2022秋·广东河源·九年级校考期末）TheNewYearisatimeofnewbeginningandgoodhopesforthefuture.People11the

NewYearwithmanytraditionsandactivities.12,notallculturescelebrateNewYear’sDayinthesameway.InJapan,peoplethrowbeans.Theythrowbeanswhile13,“Badluckout,goodluckin.”Afterthrowingthebeans,familymemberspickupandeatthesamenumberofbeansastheirage.Itwillbring14andgoodluckforthenewyear.InChina,peoplebuypresents,decorations,foodandnewclothesafewweeksbeforethenewyear.Theycleantheirhousesto15badluck.OnNewYear’sEve,peopleusuallygettogetherforabigmeal.OnNewYear’sDay,childrenwill16hongbaofromtheirparents.Peoplethinkitwillbringgoodlucktochildren.People17visittheirrelativesandfriendsatthistime.Theliondanceisa18activitythatisheldduringtheChineseNewYear.Peoplebelievethatthe19soundofdrumscankeepbadthingsaway.InIndia,menandwomen20traditionaldances.Familymembersalsoenjoydeliciousfood.Theysaygoodbyetotheoldyearandwelcomethenew.11．A．celebrate B．take C．break D．promise12．A．So B．And C．Then D．However13．A．pulling B．shouting C．playing D．practicing14．A．purpose B．advice C．health D．time15．A．turnon B．sweepaway C．takeoff D．tidyup16．A．accept B．make C．buy D．receive17．A．hardly B．never C．always D．seldom18．A．beautiful B．traditional C．modern D．boring19．A．quiet B．slow C．fast D．loud20．A．perform B．spend C．hear D．check04（2022秋·重庆江北·九年级重庆十八中校考期末）Indiaisacountryrichintraditionandculture.CanyoutellmehowmuchyouhaveknownaboutIndiasofar?Ifyou’replanningtotraveltoIndia,itwillbe21toknowthefollowingcustoms.Youshouldnotholdhands22,kissorhuganyoneinpublic,evenyourlovedones.Asaconservative（保守的）country,Indiadoesnotwelcomepublicexpressionofaffection（情感）suchashuggingandkiss.23Indianpeople’seyesarebigandconsideredthemostbeautifulinAsia,itisnotpropertolookstraightintoaperson’seyeswhiletalking.Indianpeoplemake24eyecommunicationthanWesternpeopledo.However,thisdoesn’t25thatIndianpeoplearenothonest.Itisjustpartoftheirculture.Anothercustomthatyoushouldpay26toisthatmenshouldn’ttouchIndianwomen.Infact,onlytheirsonscantouchtheminpublic.Whenitcomestootherpeople,however,afriendlyknockonthebackbetweenpeopleofthesamegender（性别）isallowed.What’smore,whateveryoudo,stayawayfromthe27.AccordingtoIndianculture,theheadisthemostimportantpartofthehumanbody,andnoonecantouchit.SoifyoutouchanIndianperson’sheadbyaccident,saysorryasquicklyaspossibleto28anytrouble.05（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）完成表格。阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，并将其答案的完整形式写在答题卡上相应的位置。每空一词。Nowadays,manypeopleinChinaandJapanareracingagainsttime.Theyputalotofvaluein“beingontime”.However,insomecountriesoftheworld,peoplehavedifferentopinionson“beingontime”.GermanyThankstoitsindustrialpast(过去的工业化),inGermanyyouareexpectedtoarriveatleasttenminutesearlierforanyplannedmeeting.InGermany,beingontimeisrisky(有风险的)enoughbecauseyourhostswillprobablyalreadybetherewaiting,wonderinghowonearth（究竟）youcouldbesostupid.Whatwillyoudoifanythingunexpectedhappens,likeheavytrafficorasuddenrain?So,remembertoarriveearlyinGermany.SaudiArabiaSomecountriescarelittleabouttimeandSaudiArabiaisoneofthem.It’sbecauseoftheirlonghistoryofdesertlivingwheretimeisnotthefirstthingtothinkabout.Itcouldbethatit’stoohottodoanythingontime.Sodon’texpectthemtobeontime.Moreover,lookingatyourwatchduringaneventisevenconsideredasbadmanners.Sodon’tgetangrywiththem,either.GhanaMostmeetingtimescanbechanged,evenifanexacttimeisgiven,Ghanaiansareveryrelaxedandeasygoing（随和的）.Theythinkthatifeveryoneislate,thennooneislate.Afterall,whatcan’tbedonetodaycangetdonetomorrow.Ifyoufinditdifficulttodealwith,preparetobeunhappy.Otherwise,sitbackenjoytheride.RussiaPatienceisconsideredaveryimportantquality（品质）inRussianculturebutbeingontimeisnot.WhendoingbusinessinRussia,dobeontime.Otherwise,itwillbeconsidereddisrespectful（无礼的）.ButRussianswon’tholdthemselvestothesamestandard(标准).So,again,patiencecanbekey.Howdifferentlypeoplethink“beingontime”indifferentcountries29Differentopinionson“beingontime”ChinaandJapan●BothChineseandJapanesethinkit30tobeontime.Germany●Germans31youtoarriveearlyforanyplannedmeetingbecauseoftheinfluenceoftheirindustrialpast.●Youarethoughttobeso32unlessyouarriveatleasttenminutesearlier.SaudiArabia●Timeisnotthe33thingforpeoplelivinginthedeserttoconsider.●Lookingatyourwatchduringaneventisconsideredtobe34.Ghana●Ghanaiansthinkthatifeveryoneislate,then35islate.●Mostmeetingtimescanbe36.Youmightbeunhappyifyoucan’tacceptit.Russia●BepatientinRussiabecauseit’sveryimportantqualityinits37.●Whiledoing38inRussia,youshouldbeontime,thoughRussiansarenotstrictwiththemselvesinit.06（2023·山西朔州·统考一模）短文填空。Withthe39（begin）of2023,thenewYearoftheRabbithasstarted!Maybenowisthebesttimetotalkaboutitintheeyesofdifferentcultures.Thereis40opinionofrabbitsinChinesecultureasbeingwiseandgentle.Thisisshownbythephrasedongrutuotu—aChineseidiom（习语）praisingpeople41aresmartandquicklikearabbit.Legendhasitthatthereisarabbit42（live）onthemoonwhichisthepetofChang’e,agoddess43（wide）knowninChina.Also,inancientChina,therabbitwasapopularsymbolofgoodluck.Sincerabbitsarefull44energyandfertile（生育能力）innature.SimilarlyintheWest,rabbitsarewell-knowntobe45（ability）toreproduce（繁衍）insomedifficultconditions.Theyarealso46（consider）tobeluckyintheWest.Oneofthemostwell-known47（symbol）ofgoodluck,arabbit’sfootissupposedtobringgoodluck.So,withitnowbeingthe48（luckily）animal’sturnontheChinesezodiac（十二生肖）,maybetheYearoftheRabbitcanbringyousomegoodluck,too.参考答案：1．A2．B3．C4．B5．B【导语】本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别。1．细节理解题。根据“ThenumberoneinternationalfoodinBritainwasstir-fry”可知英国排名第一的国际食品是小炒。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据“Britainhasaverymulticulturalhistory.Centuriesofhistorybroughtdishesfromacrosstheworld”以及“InternationalfoodhasbecomeBritishfood”可知英国有着多元文化的历史，世界各地的食物都来到英国，所以现在英国食物是国际化的。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据“ManyBritishChinesedishesaren’texactlyChinese.”可知英国的中餐馆与中国的中餐馆不同。故选C。4．细节理解题。根据“TraditionalBritishfooddoesn’thaveagreatreputation”可知传统的英国食物名声不佳。故选B。5．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了英国食物的国际化，详细地介绍了英国的一些食物及其和中国食物的区别，以选项B“英国的国际品味”为标题最合适。故选B。6．B7．D8．C9．D10．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰风车节的由来、日期、庆祝方式以及不同风车在荷兰文化中的内涵。6．细节理解题。根据第一段“TheNetherlandsislow—lyingandinfluencedbythenorthseawind...thousandsofwindmills”可知，荷兰地市低洼，过去容易发生洪涝灾害，为了解决这个问题，荷兰人使用了成千上万的风车，所以荷兰人主要用风车解决洪水问题。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据第二段“Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsareeverywhere...windows.”可知，在这一天到处都是风车形状的图片，许多商店都摆满了风车艺术品，孩子们在门窗上画风车，所以他们庆祝的方式有①②④。故选D。8．细节理解题。根据第三段“Whentheflagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyisborn”可知，当旗帜挂在风车上时，可能意味着有一个婴儿出生了。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据第三段“whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,itmainlytellsusthatsomethingbadhashappened”可知，当风车处于静止或倒退状态时，它预示着发生了不好的事情，选项D表述与原文相符。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第一段“WindmillDaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalintheNetherlands”可知，风车日渐渐成为一个传统的民间节日，所以本文主要介绍的风车之国——荷兰，推测可以在杂志的文化专栏看到这篇文章。故选A。11．A12．D13．B14．C15．B16．D17．C18．B19．D20．A【导语】本文叙述了人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动，并不是所有国家都以同样的方式来庆祝新年。在日本，人们扔豆子。在中国，新年前几周人们买礼物、装饰品、食物和新衣服。在印度，男女一起表演传统舞蹈。11．句意：人们有许多庆祝新年的传统和活动。celebrate庆祝；take拿，获得；break打破；promise允诺，许诺。根据“notallculturescelebrateNewYear’sDayinthesameway”可知，这里指的是庆祝。故选A。12．句意：然而，不是所有的习俗都以同样的方式庆祝新年。So所以；And和，而且；Then然后；However然而。根据下文介绍了三个国家以不同的方式庆祝新年可知，此处表示转折，However表示转折，后加逗号。故选D。13．句意：他们抛豆子的同时喊“坏运走开，好运进来。”pulling拉，拖；shouting呼喊，喊叫；playing游戏，玩耍；practicing练习。根据引号后的内容可知这里指的是喊叫的内容。故选B。14．句意：它能在新的一年中带来健康和好运。purpose目的；advice建议；health健康；time时间。根据“andgoodluck”可知，这里与好运对应的是健康。故选C。15．句意：他们打扫房间来清除坏运气。turnon打开；sweepaway清除；takeoff起飞，脱下；tidyup收拾，整理。根据空格后的“badluck”可知，要清除坏运气。故选B。16．句意：在新年那天，孩子们将收到来自父母的红包。accept接受；make制作；buy买；receive收到。根据空格后“hongbaofromtheirparents”可知，这里指的是孩子从父母那里收到红包。故选D。17．句意：这时人们总是拜访他们的亲戚和朋友。hardly几乎不；never从不；always总是；seldom很少。根据句意和语境可知，此处是指人们在新年时候总是会走访亲朋好友。故选C。18．句意：舞狮是春节期间举行的一项传统活动。beautiful美丽的；traditional传统的；modern现代的；boring无聊的。根据上文“theNewYearwithmanytraditionsandactivities”可知，这里指的是舞狮是一项传统活动。故选B。19．句意：人们认为喧闹的鼓声可以让坏运离开。quiet安静的；slow慢的；fast快速的；loud大声的，喧吵的。根据“soundofdrumscankeepbadthingsaway”可知，大声的敲鼓的声音才能把坏运赶走。故选D。20．句意：在印度，男人和女人们表演传统舞蹈。perform表演；spend花费；hear听；check检查。根据空格后的“traditionaldances”可知，是表演舞蹈。故选A。21．helpful22．with23．Though/Although24．less25．mean26．attention27．head28．prevent/avoid【导语】本文主要介绍了印度的一些礼仪。21．句意：如果你打算去印度旅行，了解以下习俗会很有帮助。根据“knowthefollowingcustoms.”以及所给词可知了解印度的习俗会有帮助，作表语用形容词helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。22．句意：你不应该在公共场合与任何人牵手、亲吻或拥抱，即使是你所爱的人。根据“holdhands...anyone,evenyourlovedones”可知是和任何人牵手，用介词with。故填with。23．句意：尽管印度人的眼睛很大，被认为是亚洲最美丽的，但说话时直视别人的眼睛是不合适的。前后两句是让步关系，用though/although引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although。24．句意：印度人的眼神交流比西方人少。根据“itisnotpropertolookstraightintoaperson’seyeswhiletalking”可知在印度说话时直视别人的眼睛是不礼貌的，所以他们的眼神交流更少，根据“than”可知此处用比较级less。故填less。25．句意：然而，这并不意味着印度人不诚实。根据“thatIndianpeoplearenothonest”可以印度人不眼神交流不意味着他们不诚实，mean“意味着”，助动词doesn’t后加动词原形。故填mean。26．句意：你应该注意的另一个习俗是，男人不应该碰印度女人。payattentionto“注意”。故填attention。27．句意：更重要的是，无论你做什么，都要远离头部。根据“theheadisthemostimportantpart...”可知是远离头部，head“头”。故填head。28．句意：如果你意外触摸了印度人的头部，请尽快道歉，以免造成任何麻烦。根据“anytrouble”可知碰了印度人的头，要尽快道歉，这样能避免造成麻烦，prevent“阻止”，avoid“避免”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填prevent/avoid。29．Countries30．valuable/important31．expect32．stupid33．first34．impolite/rude35．nobody36．Changed37．culture38．business【导语】本文讲述了关于时间的概念。每个国家对“准时”都有不同的观点，然后分别讲述了德国，沙特阿拉伯，加纳和俄罗斯对准时的概念与习惯。29．根据“ChinaandJapanGermanySaudiArabiaGhanaRussia”可知，此处说的是国家，首字母需大写。故填Countries。30．根据“Nowadays,manypeopleinChinaandJapanareracingagainsttime.Theyputalotofvaluein‘beingontime’.”可知，中国人和日本人认为“准时”很宝贵和重要。故填valuable/important。31．根据“Thankstoitsindustrialpast(过去的工业化),inGermanyyouareexpectedtoarriveatleasttenminutesearlierforanyplannedmeeting.”可知，德国人希望你提前到达，Germans作主语用主动语态。故填expect。32．根据“InGermany,beingontimeisrisky(有风险的)enoughbecauseyourhostswillprobablyalrea