2025届新高考英语精准冲刺复习 语法填空专项突破词性改变

2025届新高考英语精准冲刺复习

语法填空专题突破词性改变CONTENTS010203【题型总览】【突破策略】【题型精练】ONE【题型总览】在语法填空试题好，所给提示词为名词时,通常考查可数名词的单数变复数,名词的所有格或名词派生为形容词、动词等。当提示词为形容词或副词时,需考虑是否是考查比较级或形容词和副词之间的相互转换。当提示词为形容词时,还要考虑是否需要转换为名词形式。提示词为名词【突破策略】提示词为形容词或副词形容词变副词的规则形容词变名词的后缀比较等级的常见结构提示词为代词1.人称代词2.物主代词3.反身代词:名词变复数名词变动词或形容词的词缀【突破策略1】提示词为名词名词变复数【突破策略1】提示词为名词名词变复数【突破策略1】提示词为名词【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive________(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.【解答思路】分析句子结构,发现提示词作宾语,词性不需要改变,应考虑名词复数形式。interview意为“采访”为可数名词,其前没有冠词就应用复数形式。故填interviews。【突破策略1】提示词为名词2.名词变动词或形容词的词缀前缀/后缀示

例en-couragen.勇气→encouragev.鼓励-enstrengthn.力气→strengthenv.加强-izeapologyn.道歉→apologizev.道歉-alnaturen.自然→naturaladj.自然的-yhealthn.健康→healthyadj.健康的-fulhelpn.帮助→helpfuladj.有帮助的-ousdangern.危险→dangerousadj.危险的-iveimpressionn.印象→impressiveadj.印象深刻的-ibleaccessn.进入,使用权,通道→accessibleadj.容易取得的【突破策略1】提示词为名词【真题示例1】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,________(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.【解答思路】分析句子结构,发现需要改变词性,应考虑其形容词或动词形式。本空需修饰后面的名词soup,作定语,故填tasty。【突破策略1】提示词为名词【真题示例2】(2023·全国乙卷)The________(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.【解答思路】分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词修饰名词“development”。故填remarkable。突破策略2提示词为形容词或副词1.形容词变副词的规则情

况变化规则示

例一般情况直接加-lybrave→bravely双音节、多音节,以-y结尾变y为i,再加-lyeasy→easily

happy→happily单音节,以-y结尾直接加-lydry→dryly

shy→shyly以-le结尾去e加-ysimple→simply

gentle→gently以元音字母+-e结尾去e加-lytrue→truly以-ll结尾只加-yfull→fully

dull→dully以-ic结尾加-allybasic→basically

scientific→scientifically突破策略2提示词为形容词或副词【真题示例1】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)So,whataretheylearning?_______(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.【解答思路】分析句子结构可知,空处修饰空后整个句子,应该用副词修饰,basic的副词形式是basically;位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Basically。突破策略2提示词为形容词或副词【真题示例2】(2023·浙江高考·1月卷)Theterm“hutong”,________(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.【解答思路】分析句子结构可知,空处修饰现在分词meaning,需要用副词形式。故填originally。突破策略2提示词为形容词或副词2.形容词变名词的后缀后缀示例-ageshortadj.短缺的→shortagen.不足;短缺-cyfluentadj.流利的→fluencyn.流利;流畅-domwiseadj.聪明的→wisdomn.明智;智慧-encedifferentadj.不同的→differencen.差异

-nessweakadj.虚弱的→weaknessn.虚弱;弱点-thwarmadj.温暖的→warmthn.温暖-ydifficultadj.困难的→difficultyn.困难-tysafeadj.安全的→safetyn.安全-ityrealadj.真实的→realityn.真实突破策略2提示词为形容词或副词3.比较等级的常见结构(1)句中含有than、much、any、far、still、even、abit、alot等时,要用比较级。(2)“the+比较级...,the+比较级”表示“越……越……”。(3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。(4)“the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词复数”表示“两者中较……的那个”。(5)“the+最高级+in(of,among)...”表示“在某范围内最……的”。突破策略2提示词为形容词或副词【真题示例1】(2023·浙江高考·1月卷)Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand________(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.【解答思路】根据句子结构和and可知,空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。突破策略2提示词为形容词或副词【真题示例2】(2022·全国乙卷)AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe________(large)tea-producingcountry...【解答思路】根据空前的定冠词the和常识可知,中国是最大产茶国,所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。突破策略3提示词为代词牢记代词的句法功能1.人称代词:人称代词的主格主要作主语;宾格作宾语或表语。2.物主代词:形容词性物主代词只能作定语;名词性物主代词可作主语、宾语或表语。3.反身代词:作宾语、表语或同位语。突破策略3提示词为代词【真题示例1】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof________(they)contents.【解答思路】分析句子结构,发现提示词作定语时,应考虑用形容词性物主代词。本句空处修饰后面的名词contents,作定语,需用形容词性物主代词。故填their突破策略3提示词为代词【真题示例2】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin________(I).【解答思路】分析句子结构,发现提示词作动词或介词的宾语时,应考虑用代词的某种形式。根据句意“当这首歌响起,这条漫长又蜿蜒的路就永远不会消失,它将永远留在游客的记忆中,也肯定留在我的记忆中”可知,应用名词性物主代词。故填mine。突破策略3提示词为代词[典例展示3](2021·浙江6月高考)Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof________(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.【解答思路】通过上文“Shewasextremelypretty”可知,本句“herhousewasareflectionof______”意为“她的房子就是她自己的写照”,故用she的反身代词形式。故填herself。【题型精练】NorthernKenyaisavast,variedandbreathtakinglybeautifullandscape1youcanfindthe“TowersoftheSavanna”—reticulated(网纹的)giraffes.TheyareoneofAfrica’smostimpressiveandpopularanimals,andyetthe2(adore)creaturesarestilllittlestudiedandnotwellunderstood.However,beforewecouldbegintoresearchintothesegiraffes,theyarebeingthreatenedwith3(extinct).1.where2.adorable3.extinction【题型精练】AccordingtoGiraffacamelopardalisreticulata,acrossAfrica,allgiraffepopulations4(decline)byover70percentinthepast20yearsfrom36,000tolessthan9,000today.Themain5(element)behindtheunpleasantsituationappeartobeillegalhunting,landdegradation(恶化)andlack6habitat.ThedecreaseledtheIUCNRedList,anauthoritativeindicatorofthehealthoftheworld’sbiodiversity,to7(official)listgiraffesasoneoftheendangeredspeciesinDecember2016.8isnowclearthattheyneedconservationefforts.4.havedeclined5.elements6.of7.officially8.It【题型精练】Tobetterunderstandthewildlifefoundhere,WildwatchKenyaseeks9(identify)andtrackthegiraffesinconservationfieldsites.Citizenscientistsarecalledtohelpresearcherslookthroughthetensofthousandsofphotostakenbycameras10(place)instrategicspotsthroughoutthesites.9.toidentify10.placed【题型精练】WingChunisasouthernChinesekungfustyledescendsfromShaolinKungFu.Ithasthedistinctionofhavingbeenfoundedbytwowomen,NgMuiandYimWing-chun.TheWingChunstyleisknownforplacing1(emphasize)ontechniqueratherthanstrength.Thisstylealsocallsforpractitionerstostayrelaxedwhile2(fight),allowingthemtoachieveakindofsoftnessorflexibility.ThisrelaxedflexibilitygivesWingChunfighter3specialkindofstrengththatallowsthemtobend,notbreak,justlikebamboo.

1.emphasis2.fighting3.a【题型精练】LegendhasitthatWingChunfounderNgMuiwaslivingatShaolinTemple4itwasattackedanddestroyedbyQingdynastyforcers.Survivingtheattack,sheescaped5theborderareabetweenYunnanandSichuan.Thereshemetayoungwoman6(name)YimWing-chun,who7(final)becameoneofhertopstudents.ShetaughtYimanimprovedversionofShaolinKungFu,knownasWingChunnow.Thisnewmartialart8(spread)andgrownintodifferentbranchesoverthepasttwohundredyears.4.when5.to6.named7.finallyhasspread【题型精练】IpMan,featuredintheeponymous(同名的)hitfilms,9(be)anotablepractitionerofWingChunstylemartialarts.HealsotaughttheWingChunstyletohisstudent,BruceLee,whowouldgoontoactinthebelovedHongKongkungfumovies10helpedmakeChinesemartialartsfamousaroundtheworld.

9.was10.that/which【题型精练】German-bornpandasarriveinChengduFour-year-oldpandatwinsMengXiangandMengYuan,thefirstgiantpandasborninGermany,1(arrive)inChengdu,Sichuanprovince,onDecember17,theChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreedingsaid.AfterafarewellceremonyatZooBerlinearlierthismonth2(attend)byvisitors,thepandaswereputona3(fly)toChinaonSaturdayafternoon.StaffmembersfromtheGermanzooaccompaniedthetwinsontheflight.“ThebirthofthefirstgiantpandasinGermanywasnotonlya4(personal)movingexperience,butalsoahighlightinmyprofessionalcareer5azooveterinarianandzoodirector6nothingwilleasilyeclipse,”said