2024届天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三适应性模拟训练（3月）英语试题（解析版）

2024届天津市宁河区芦台第一中学高三适应性模拟训练（3月）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．—Haveyoupaidthetelephonebill?—Thetelephonebill?________.A．Imeanit B．Thatisn’tdueyetC．Mytelephoneisoutoforder D．Pleaseremembertheamount【答案】B【详解】考查情景交际用语。句意：——你支付电话费了吗?——电话费？还没到期呢。A.Imeanit.我是说真的；B.Thatisn’tdueyet.还没到期呢；C.Mytelephoneisoutoforder.我的电话坏了；D.Pleaseremembertheamount.请记住金额。由Haveyoupaidthetelephonebill以及结合选项可知，这里应指电话费“还没到期”，不用支付。故选B项。2．—Kevinistheonlyoneseeingwhathappened,sohisistheonly________account.—Buthehasrefusedtosayanythingabouttheaccident.A．tentative B．controversialC．authentic D．arbitrary【答案】C【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——凯文是唯一一个看到发生了什么的人，所以他的叙述是唯一真实的。——但他拒绝对事故发表任何看法。A.tentative试探性的；B.controversial有争议的；C.authentic真实的；D.arbitrary任意的。由“Kevinistheonlyoneseeingwhathappened”可知，句子表示“凯文是唯一一个看到发生了什么的人，所以他的叙述是唯一真实的”，空格处意为“真实的”，故选C。3．Itissaidthat________toclassicmusicmaybehelpfulinimprovingteenagers’taste.A．exposed B．exposing C．beingexposed D．havingexposed【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说接触古典音乐对提高青少年的品味是有帮助的。分析句子可知，从句中的主语是________toclassicmusic，作主语用动名词短语，expose与逻辑主语teenagers是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式，故选C。4．Whengivingfirstaid,weshouldgivetop________tothoseinthemostserioussituations.A．priority B．potentialC．criticism D．elements【答案】A【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在进行急救时，我们应该优先考虑那些情况最严重的人。A.priority优先事项，最重要的事；B.potential潜力；C.criticism批评；D.elements元素。由“thoseinthemostserioussituations”可知，句子表示“在进行急救时，我们应该优先考虑那些情况最严重的人”，givepriorityto意为“优先考虑”。故选A。5．—Youseemtobeveryupsetthisafternoon.—______.IshouldnothavesaidsomuchaboutJack’sfamily.A．Neversaynever B．PullyourweightC．Looselipssinkships D．Getaloadofit【答案】C【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你今天下午看起来很沮丧。——言多必失。我本不该说杰克的家人那么多事。A.Neversaynever永不言败；B.Pullyourweight全力以赴；C.Looselipssinkships言多必失；D.Getaloadofit仔细看（听）。根据“IshouldnothavesaidsomuchaboutJack’sfamily.”可知此处表示“言多必失”，故选C。6．Sincelastmonth,George,alongwithsomeofhisformerclassmates,________tohaveenjoythissummerholiday.A．havedesired B．desiredC．havebeendesiring D．hasbeendesiring【答案】D【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从上个月开始，乔治和他以前的一些同学就一直想好好享受这个暑假。根据Sincelastmonth可知，表示动作发生在过去，持续到现在，有可能进行下去，用现在完成进行时。再由主谓一致可知，名词+alongwith+名词时，谓语动词和alongwith前面的名词George保持一致，即助动词应用has。故选D。7．MysistermethimatNingboGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,soheyourlecture.A．couldn’tattend B．mustn’thaveattendedC．shouldn’tattend D．couldn’thaveattended【答案】D【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：昨天下午我的妹妹在宁波大剧院遇见他了，所以他不可能参加了你的演讲。根据句意可知，这是对过去发生的事情的说明，所以应使用情态动词+havedone，排除A项和C项；B项mustn’thavedone结构不存在。D项couldn’thavedone为固定用法，意为“不可能做了某事”。故选D项。8．Readingiswidelybelievedtobea________tolearnmoreabouttheworld.A．shelter B．sourceC．channel D．background【答案】C【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为阅读是一种了解世界的渠道。A.shelter遮蔽物；B.source来源；C.channel通道；渠道；D.background背景。根据句意可知，阅读应是人们了解世界的一个渠道。故选C项。9．OntheeveofChineseSpringFestival,thenumberofelectronicredenvelopesgivenandreceivedviaWeChat________1.01bilon,200timesthatof2014.A．addsto B．submitsto C．subscribesto D．amountsto【答案】D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在中国春节前夕，通过微信收发的电子红包数量总计为1.01亿元，是2014年的200倍。A.addsto增加；B.submitsto向……呈交；C.subscribesto同意；D.amountsto总计。本句是说通过微信收发的电子红包数量共计为1.01亿元，说的是总数。B项和C项不符合句意。A项addsto是“增加，加强”之意，如果要表达“合计”应该用“addupto”。故选D项。10．YoucanapplyforaforeignuniversityontheInternetbyyourself,or________youcanturntoaspecialagencywhichcandoitforyou.A．appropriately B．alternatively C．additionally D．apparently【答案】B【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你可以自己在网上申请国外的大学，或者作为一种选择，你也可以求助于一个能帮你做这件事的特别机构。A.appropriately适当地；B.alternatively作为一种选择；C.additionally此外；D.apparently明显地。根据后文youcanturntoaspecialagencywhichcandoitforyou.可知，此处表示“作为一种选择”符合语境，故选B项。11．Greatmindsareenergetic,ambitious,andmostofall,persistent________theirgoals.A．inpursuitof B．inreturnforC．intouchwith D．incontrastto【答案】A【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：有才智的人充满活力，雄心勃勃，最重要的是，在追求他们的目标时坚持不懈。A.inpursuitof追求；B.inreturnfor作为……的回报；C.intouchwith保持联系；D.incontrastto和……对比。根据“theirgoals”可知，有才智的人在追求他们的目标时坚持不懈。故选A。12．—Whatdoyouthinkofarchaeology,Bob?—Ifinditinterestingandchallenging.Itisasubject________sometimesyoumayfindyourselfhavingconversationswithyourancestors.A．where B．which C．when D．that【答案】A【详解】考查定语从句。句意：——你觉得考古学怎么样，Bob？——我觉得很有趣，也有挑战性。它是一门课程，在这门课程中，有时，你就会觉得你自己和你的祖先在交流。空格处是定语从句，先行词asubject是抽象地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选A。13．Shegottheblameforthenegativerumours,butshehassaidnothing_________herselfsofar.A．inchargeof B．incaseof C．indefenceof D．inmemoryof【答案】C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她因负面传闻而受到指责，但是到目前为止她没有为自己辩护过。A.inchargeof负责、管理；B.incaseof以防、万一；C.indefenceof捍卫、为……辩护；D.inmemoryof为了纪念。根据句意可知，她因负面传闻受到指责，却没有说任何话来为自己辩护，故“indefenceof”符合语意。故选C。14．______hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.A．Whatever B．Whichever C．However D．Whenever【答案】C【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不减少进食，无论你怎么努力，要减肥都是困难的。A.Whatever无论什么；B.Whichever无论哪一个；C.However无论怎样；D.Whenever无论什么时候。分析句意可知，空处为让步状语从句的引导词，意思为“无论怎样”，however=nomatterhow无论怎么，引导让步状语从句。故选C。15．Wecannotgetaclearpictureaboutthewholethingbecausesomeimportantinformationhasbeen________inthenewsreport.A．droppedout B．turnoutC．leftout D．putout【答案】C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于新闻报道漏掉了一些重要的信息，我们无法对整个事情有一个清楚的了解。A.droppedout退出；B.turnout结果是；C.leftout遗漏；D.putout熄灭。根据上文“Wecannotgetaclearpictureaboutthewholething”可知,无法对整个事情有一个清楚的了解是因为新闻报道漏掉了一些重要的信息，故选C。二、完形填空“Ouch!”IhowledinpainasI16thehammerontomyfoot.Ifeltfoolish.Itwaspouringwithrain,and,lameforamoment,Ihoppedaroundtothedriver’sside.“Noluck?”saidGeorge.Wehada17tyreandIwastryingto18thewheel.Butitwasstuckfirm.Wehaddriventenhoursalongtheroad19thejunglewithoutseeinganother20.Inthedistancewasanoxworkinginthefield.“Sowhatdowedonow?Howcanwefinda21?”askedGeorge,asIgotbackintothecar.Aboutfifteenminuteslater,therainstopped.Outofthejunglecameanoldwoman.Shewalkedtowardsuscarryingsomethinglongandthin.“Uhoh,herecomes22!”saidGeorge.“She’sgotaspear(矛).”Shewaswearingtraditionalgarments,withshortsleeves,acolorfulnecklaceandotherjewelry.Asshegotcloser,wesawthespearwasjustawooden23.Igotout.“Hello!”Isaid,inEnglish.“Canyouhelpus?”I24tothewheel.Shestaredatit,andthenmadeagesturetofollowherbacktothejungle.GeorgeandI25ateachother,andthen26afterher.Soonwecametoatentundersometrees.Ithadafirmframeworkofwoodenpoles,like27thewomanwascarrying,coveredwithheavycloth,and28withropemadeofsomekindoflooseplantfiber.Allaroundwerecornplants.Itwasharvesttimeforthe29,andaspade,aforkandothertoolswerelyingontheground.Nearbyweresomechicksandarooster,andapigtiedtoapost.Thewomanfoldedbackaclothandinvitedusin.Myeyeshadtoadjusttothe30inside.Thetentwas31withafewmatsonthefloor,andalowtablewithateapot.Shepickedupaphotoandshowedittous.Wasitherhusband?Themaninthephotowasbaretothewaist.Helookedmuchtooyoung.Shewas32awidow.Maybehersonorhernephew?Ourhostesspouredsometea,andwatchedsmilingaswedrank.“Saysomething.”saidGeorge.“33!”Isaidandraisedmycup.“Canwecontactagarage?”Suddenly,therewasatapatthedoor.Itwasthemaninthephoto.Theoldwomansaidsomething,andhelookedatus.Ifelt34,soIsmiledathim.“Noproblem.”hesaid,inEnglish.Hepulledoutamobilephoneandmadeacall.“Twentyminutes.Noproblem.Let’swaitbythecar,”hesaid.35wewalkedbacktothecar,thesunpiercedtheclouds.Overthehillsbeyondwasthemostbeautifulrainbow.16．A．held B．dropped C．lifted D．pushed17．A．even B．smooth C．worn D．flat18．A．tighten B．loosen C．change D．rotate19．A．under B．across C．beyond D．through20．A．soul B．creature C．plant D．destination21．A．shelter B．access C．path D．garage22．A．aid B．danger C．hope D．motivation23．A．pole B．stick C．weapon D．setting24．A．withdrew B．tuned C．pointed D．submitted25．A．looked B．smiled C．glared D．laughed26．A．setoff B．ranaway C．hungout D．woundup27．A．one B．theone C．it D．this28．A．lengthened B．hardened C．fastened D．connected29．A．fruit B．vegetable C．nuts D．grain30．A．warmth B．darkness C．decoration D．surroundings31．A．filled B．decorated C．furnished D．equipped32．A．probably B．consequently C．definitely D．apparently33．A．Congratulations B．Cheers C．Awesome D．Exactly34．A．despair B．pleasant C．relieved D．awkward35．A．Until B．Since C．As D．Unless【答案】16．B17．D18．C19．D20．A21．D22．B23．A24．C25．A26．A27．B28．C29．D30．B31．C32．A33．B34．D35．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。下雨天在丛林里，作者他们的车轮胎出了故障，但无法更换。作者他们遇到了一位土著老妇人，老妇女带着作者他们来到她的帐篷并招待了他们，还找来一名男子帮助作者他们修车。16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“哎哟！”当我把锤子掉到脚上时，我痛苦地嚎叫着。A.held拿着；B.dropped掉下，使落下；C.lifted举起；D.pushed推。根据句中的“Ouch!”和“Ihowledinpain”可知，作者把锤子掉到脚上了。故选B。17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的轮胎漏气了，我正试着换轮子。A.even均匀的；B.smooth平滑的；C.worn用坏的；D.flat平坦的，瘪了气的。根据上文中的“Noluck?(运气不好吗？)”和空后的“tyre”可知，他们的轮贴漏气了。故选D。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.tighten（使）变紧；B.loosen（使）放松；C.change变化，更换；D.rotate（使）旋转。根据句中的“Wehada2tyre”和下文中的“Butitwasstuckfirm.(但它被紧紧卡住了。)”可知，轮胎瘪了，作者要换轮胎。故选C。19．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们沿着穿过丛林的路开了十个小时，却没有看到另一个人。A.under在（或到、通过）……下面；B.across横穿；C.beyond超出；D.through穿过。根据空前的“theroad”和空后的“thejungle”可知，这条公路穿过丛林。故选D。20．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.soul灵魂，人；B.creature生物；C.plant植物；D.destination目的地。根据句中的“thejungle”并结合常识可知，在丛林里除了作者和George外，没有其他人了。故选A。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们怎么能找到一个汽车修理厂？A.shelter庇护处；B.access通道；C.path小路；D.garage汽车修理厂。根据下文中的“Canwecontactagarage?(我们能联系一下汽车修理厂吗？)”可知，他们车坏了，需要找汽车修理厂修。故选D。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哦，危险来了！A.aid帮助；B.danger危险；C.hope希望；D.motivation动机。根据下文中的“She’sgotaspear(矛)(她有一根矛。)”可知，George说这位老妇人拿着一根矛，认为这很危险。故选B。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她走近时，我们看到长矛只是一根木杆。A.pole杆子；B.stick拐棍；C.weapon武器；D.setting背景。根据下文中的“woodenpoles”可知，这里是说老妇人拿着的原来是一根木杆。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你能帮我们吗？”我指着车轮。A.withdrew（使）撤回；B.tuned调整；C.pointed指，指向；D.submitted提交。根据空后的“tothewheel”可知，作者指着瘪了的车轮向老妇人求助。故选C。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：George和我互相看了一眼，然后跟在她后面出发了。A.looked看；B.smiled微笑；C.glared怒目而视；D.laughed大笑。根据上文中的“madeagesturetofollowherbacktothejungle”可知，老妇人做手势示意作者二人跟着她去丛林中，结合常识可知，面对这种情况，作者二人互相看了一眼交流意见。故选A。26．考查动词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A.setoff出发，动身；B.ranaway逃跑；C.hungout常去；D.woundup结束。根据空后的“afterher”和下文中的“Soonwecametoatentundersometrees.(很快我们来到一个树下的帐篷前。)”可知，作者二人跟着老妇人出发了。故选A。27．考查代词词义辨析。句意：它有一个结实的木杆框架，就像那个女人拿的那个一样，上面覆盖着厚厚的布，用某种松散的植物纤维制成的绳子固定。A.one一个人，一件事物；B.theone这个人，这个事物；C.it它；D.this这个。根据前面的“woodenpoles”和空后的“thewomanwascarrying”可知，这里特指老妇人手里拿着的木杆，应用theone，特指前面提到的可数名词。故选B。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.lengthened（使）变长；B.hardened（使）变硬；C.fastened系牢，使固定；D.connected（使）连接。空处和and前的coveredwithheavycloth一起作后置定语，修饰afirmframeworkofwoodenpoles。根据空后的“withrope”可知，这里指结实的木杆框架是用绳子固定的。故选C。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在是收割谷物的时候了，地上放着一把铲子、一把叉子和其他工具。A.fruit水果；B.vegetable蔬菜；C.nuts坚果；D.grain谷物。根据上文中的“Allaroundwerecornplants.(四周都是玉米。)”和句中的“harvesttime”可知，这里指收割谷物的时候。故选D。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼睛不得不适应里面的黑暗。A.warmth温暖；B.darkness黑暗；C.decoration装饰品；D.surroundings环境。根据句中的“Myeyes”并结合常识可知，帐篷里应该比较黑暗，作者的眼睛需要适应。故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：帐篷的地板上陈设了几张垫子，还有一张放着茶壶的矮桌子。A.filled充满；B.decorated装饰，装潢；C.furnished布置家具；D.equipped配备，装备。根据空后的“withafewmatsonthefloor,andalowtablewithateapot”可知，这里在说帐篷里的家具陈设。故选C。32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她可能是个寡妇。A.probably很可能；B.consequently因此；C.definitely肯定；D.apparently显然。根据下文中的“Maybehersonorhernephew?(也许是她的儿子还是她的侄子？)”可知，作者猜测照片中的男子身份可能是老妇人的儿子或侄子，由此可推测出，作者猜测老妇人可能是寡妇。故选A。33．考查感叹词词义辨析。句意：“干杯！”我说着举起杯子。A.Congratulations恭喜；B.Cheers干杯；C.Awesome棒极了；D.Exactly正是如此。根据句中的“Isaidandraisedmycup”并结合常识可知，作者举起杯子应该说“干杯”。故选B。34．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很尴尬，所以我对他笑了。A.despair绝望；B.pleasant令人愉快的；C.relieved感到宽慰的；D.awkward令人尴尬的，紧张的。根据上文中的“Theoldwomansaidsomething,andhelookedatus.(老妇人说了些什么，他看着我们。)”可知，照片中的陌生男子看着作者他们，按照常理来说作者应该感到比较尴尬，只能报以微笑。故选D。35．考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们走回汽车时，太阳穿透了云层。A.Until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；B.Since自……以后，因为，引导时间、原因状语从句；C.As当……时，因为，照……方式，尽管，引导时间、原因、方式、让步状语从句；D.Unless除非，引导原因状语从句。分析句子结构，这里应用As引导时间状语从句。故选C。三、阅读理解Herearefourbestdestinationstobeafterheart-stoppingadventure,aclose-uplookathistory,ortheperfectmeal.BuenosAires,ArgentinaBuenosAiresbecomesahubforart,sports,andpolitics.ThoughtheArgentineancapitalisalreadyhometoacollectionofgalleries,ArtBaselCitiespromisestopromoteBuenosAires’reputationintheglobalartscenebyofferingprofessionalsupportforlocalartists,aswellaslecturesandworkshopsthroughouttheyeartodrawartloverstothecity.LosCabos,MexicoLocatedatthetipoftheBajaPeninsula,thetwosmallcolonialtownsofCaboSanLucasandSanJosedelCabohavebecomethehottestvacationdestinationsinMexicoinrecentyears.Withwide,originalbeaches,livelynightclubs,naturalresorts,andafarm-to-tablefoodscene,theoasisofLosCabosisdrawingtouristsinrecordnumbers.Asaresult,thehotelsceneisbooming,withlotsofnewdevelopmentsandrenovationscompletedthisyear.ZambiaUntilnow,ZambiahashadlittlerecognitionasoneofAfrica’sgreatsafari(狩猎远征)destinations.YetexpertsknowitasthebirthplaceofthewalkingsafariInSouthLuangwaNationalPark,visitorscanexpecttoseemoreanimalsthanbaobabtrees,whileLiuwaPlainNationalParkisthesettingfortheworld’ssecond-largestwildebeestmigration,whentensofthousandsofthecreaturesheadacrosstheplainfromneighboringAngola.Brussels,BelgiumVisitorsmaywanttoreturntotheBelgiancapitalin2018tovisittwocutting-edgemuseums.TheMillenniumIconoclastMuseumofArtopenedtoshowcontemporaryartfromaroundtheworld.There’salsotheCitroenCulturalCentre,whichwilllaunchitsfirstexhibitioninMay.TheJAMHotelwithexposedbrickworkandconcretebeamshousedinaformerartschool,istheperfectplaceforcultureloverstostay.Don’tleavetownwithoutexperiencingbeercultureatyouthfulbreweries(啤酒厂)likeBrasseriedelaSenneorBrusselsBeerProject.36．HowdoesArtBaselCitiespromoteBuenosAires’reputation?A．Byofferinglecturesonly. B．Bygivingprofessionalhelp.C．Bybuildingworkshops. D．Bydrawingsomepictures.37．WhatattractssomanytouriststotheoasisofLosCabos?A．Itswildclimate. B．Theboominghotels.C．Itscharmingattractions. D．Thespeciallocation.38．Wherecanyougoifyouwanttoseewildebeestmigration?A．Zambia. B．LosCabos,Mexico.C．BuenosAires,Argentina. D．Brussels,Belgium.39．WhatdoestheauthorstronglyadviseyoutodoinBrussels,Belgium?A．Visitmodernmuseums. B．Liveinluxuryhotels.C．Enjoybeerculture. D．Attendtheartexhibitionactivities.40．Wheredoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?A．Ateachers’handbook. B．Astorybook.C．Asciencemagazine. D．Atraveljournal.【答案】36．B37．C38．A39．C40．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。36．细节理解题。根据第二段“ThoughtheArgentineancapitalisalreadyhometoacollectionofgalleries,ArtBaselCitiespromisestopromoteBuenosAires’reputationintheglobalartscenebyofferingprofessionalsupportforlocalartists,aswellaslecturesandworkshopsthroughouttheyeartodrawartloverstothecity.(尽管阿根廷首都已经有很多画廊，但巴塞尔城市艺术展承诺通过为当地艺术家提供专业支持，以及全年举办讲座和研讨会来吸引艺术爱好者，从而提升布宜诺斯艾利斯在全球艺术界的声誉)”可知，巴塞尔城市艺术展通过提供专业帮助提升布宜诺斯艾利斯的声誉。故选B。37．细节理解题。根据第三段“Withwide,originalbeaches,livelynightclubs,naturalresorts,andafarm-to-tablefoodscene,theoasisofLosCabosisdrawingtouristsinrecordnumbers.(宽阔、原始的海滩、热闹的夜总会、自然度假胜地和从农场到餐桌的美食场景，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲正吸引着创纪录数量的游客)”可知，洛斯卡沃斯的绿洲迷人的景点吸引了许多游客来到这里。故选C。38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“YetexpertsknowitasthebirthplaceofthewalkingsafariInSouthLuangwaNationalPark,visitorscanexpecttoseemoreanimalsthanbaobabtrees,whileLiuwaPlainNationalParkisthesettingfortheworld’ssecond-largestwildebeestmigration,whentensofthousandsofthecreaturesheadacrosstheplainfromneighboringAngola.(在南卢安瓜国家公园，游客可以看到比猴面包树更多的动物，而柳瓦平原国家公园是世界上第二大角马迁徙的地点，成千上万的角马从邻国安哥拉穿越平原)”可知，如果你想看角马迁徙，你可以去赞比亚。故选A。39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Don’tleavetownwithoutexperiencingbeercultureatyouthfulbreweries(啤酒厂)likeBrasseriedelaSenneorBrusselsBeerProject.(别忘了去BrasseriedelaSenne或布鲁塞尔啤酒项目等年轻的啤酒厂体验啤酒文化)”可知，作者强烈建议你在比利时布鲁塞尔享受啤酒文化。故选C。40．推理判断题。根据第一段“Herearefourbestdestinationstobeafterheart-stoppingadventure,aclose-uplookathistory,ortheperfectmeal.(如果你想经历惊心动魄的冒险、近距离了解历史，或者品尝一顿完美的大餐，那么以下四个目的地是你的最佳选择)”结合文章主要介绍了四个旅游目的地的情况。可知，文章选自旅行日志。故选D。Afewyearsago，myyoungersisterandIwerethefirsttoboardourflightforNorfolk，Virginia.Justaswewereabouttoboardtheplane，amechaniccameoutoftheaircraftandblockedthedoorwithhisarms.Heturnedtotheflightattendantandhurriedlystated，“Wegotproblems！”Ithoughttomyself，“WhydidIhavetobetheonetohearthat？Whycouldn'tIhavebeenatthebackoftheline？Ididn'tneedtoknowthat！”Verysoonwewerebackintheterminal，waiting，andthenfinallybackontheplane.Iwaitedforthepilottogiveanexplanation.Pilotstakecoursestoeasepassengers'mind，right？Theyknowwhattosaytocalmnerves.Unfortunately，Ididn'tthinkthispilottookthatcourse.Soonhisvoicethunderedthroughouttheplane，"Sorryforthedelay，ladiesandgentlemen.Wehadnopowerontheplane.Wehaveageneratoronthegroundrightnow，andwe'regoingtojump---starttheengines.Oncewegetthemgoing，we'llgetupintheairandheadtoNorfolk，andseewhathappens.”Seewhathappens？Weweregoingtogetupintheair，andseewhathappens？Couldn'twehaveanotherplan，onethat'sbeenworkedoutjustalittlebetter？Atthispoint，allIcoulddowastolaughnervously.Onewomanstartedyelling，“Ohno！We'regoingtocrash！”Thereweresighsofdesperationandanxietyspreadingthroughoutthecabin.Finally，wegotupintheairthirtyminuteslater，andwhathappened？Nothing--otherthanthrust（推力）andlift.WearrivedinNorfolk，andnosoonerhadthewheelstouchedthegroundthanaroundofapplauseburstout，aseveryonethroughouttheairplanebreathedasighofreliefatthesametime.Although，Ididsincerelyliketohaveaplanbetterthan“seewhathappens"workedoutwhenflying--itreallyisn'tsuchabadlifestrategy.Successwillneverbeguaranteed.Thebestthingyoucandoisjustgetupintheair，andseewhathappens.Sometimesadjustmentswouldbemadeintheair，orshallwesay，inthemiddleoftheprocess.41．Thepurposeofthetextisto_____________.A．introduceafrighteningflightexperienceB．provethattakingaplaneisdangerousC．showawayofmakingplansD．tellreadersalifestrategy42．Whateventwasbeyondtheauthor'sexpectation?A．Themechanicexplainedtheproblemstothepassengers.B．Thepilotsaidnothingtocalmthepassengers.C．ThepassengersarrivedinNorfolksafely.D．Theflightwasdelayedforhalfanhour.43．Havingknowntheproblems,manypassengers_____________.A．feltdesperateandanxiousB．stoodupandstartedyellingC．waitedcalmlyfortheproblemstobesolvedD．complainedaboutthemechanic'scarelessness44．Fromthetextwecanlearnthat_____________.A．somepassengerweresleepingallthewayontheplaneB．thepassengersarrivedintheirdestinationsafelyasplannedC．theauthorandhisyoungersisterwerethelasttoboardtheplaneD．thepassengersclappedtheirhandsoncetheplanelandedsafely45．Whichopinionwouldtheauthormostprobablyhold?A．Toensuresuccess,don'tgetstartedbeforeyou'vegoteverythingready.B．Toavoidrepeatingfailure,giveyourselfallthereasonswhyyoucan't.C．Tosetupabusiness,don'twaituntilyouhaveeverythingyouneed.D．Toachievesuccess,trytopreparefortheworst.【答案】41．D42．B43．A44．D45．C【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过讲述自己乘飞机的经历说明了成功永远得不到保证。你能做的最好的事就是飞上半空，然后随机应变。41．细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段Although，Ididsincerelyliketohaveaplanbetterthan“seewhathappens"workedoutwhenflying--itreallyisn'tsuchabadlifestrategy.可知文章的目的是告诉读者一种生活策略，故选D。42．推理判断题。答案定位在第三段Unfortunately，Ididn'tthinkthispilottookthatcourse.（不幸的是，我认为这个飞行员没有接受这个课程），由此推断出飞行员没有说什么来使乘客平静下来，超出了作者的预料，故选B。43．细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第三段Thereweresighsofdesperationandanxietyspreadingthroughoutthecabin.（绝望和焦虑的叹息声传遍了整个船舱。）由此可知，知道了这些问题后，许多乘客感到绝望和焦虑，故选A。44．细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段WearrivedinNorfolk，andnosoonerhadthewheelstouchedthegroundthanaroundofapplauseburstout（我们抵达Norfolk,轮子刚一着陆，就突然爆发出热烈的掌声。）由此可知，从课文中我们可以了解到，飞机安全着陆后，乘客们鼓掌，故选D。45．推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段Successwillneverbeguaranteed.Thebestthingyoucandoisjustgetupintheair，andseewhathappens.（成功永远得不到保证。你能做的最好的事就是飞上半空，然后随机应变。）由此推断出，作者会同意“要创业，不要等到你拥有了你所需要的一切。”这一观点，故选C。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题5，答案定位在最后一段Successwillneverbeguaranteed.Thebestthingyoucandoisjustgetupintheair，andseewhathappens.（成功永远得不到保证。你能做的最好的事就是飞上半空，然后随机应变。）由此推断出，作者会同意“要创业，不要等到你拥有了你所需要的一切。”这一观点，故选C。Wildanimalsareequippedwithavarietyoftechniquestoavoidbecominglunchforabiggeranimal,alsoknownasapredator(捕食者)innature.Themostwell-knownmethodsincludetheclassicfightandflightaswellasfreeze.Ateamofresearcherswonderedwhetherclosenesstopeoplemightimpactthosesurvivalstrategies.“Weoftenseethatanimalsaremoretolerantaroundusinurbanareas,butwedon’treallyknowwhy.”saysevolutionarybiologistDanBlumstein.“Isitindividualplasticity,meaningindividualschangetheirfearofusandthatleadstotolerance?Orcantherebeanevolutionaryfactorinvolved?”Tofindout,Blumsteinandhiscolleaguescombinedinformationfrom173studiesofover100species,includingmammals,birds,fishandevenmollusks.Itturnsoutthatregardlessofevolutionaryancestry,theanimalsreactinasimilarwaytolifeamonghumans:theylosetheiranti-predatorcharacteristics.Thatpatternisespeciallypronouncedforplant-eatinganimalsandforsocialspecies.Thisbehavioralchangeisperhapsunsurprisingwhenit’sintentional,theresultofdomesticationorcontrolledbreeding.Butitturnsoutthaturbanizationaloneresultsinasimilarchange,thougharoundthreetimesmoreslowly.Themainpointis:we’reessentiallydomesticatinganimalsbyurbanization.We’reselectingforthesamesortsofcharacteristicsthatwewouldifwewereactuallytryingtodomesticatethem.Iftheurbanizationprocesshelpsanimalsbetterco-existwithpeople,itcouldbetotheirbenefit.Butifitmakesthemmoredefenselesstotheirnonhumanpredators,itcouldbearealproblem.Eitherway,theseresults,meanthatcitylivinghasenoughofaninfluenceonwildanimalsthatevolutionaryprocesseskickin.Thosereductionsinanti-predatorcharacteristicsbecomeencodedintheirgenes.We’rechangingthepopulationgeneticsonewayoranother.Whattheresearchersnowwonderiswhetherthemerepresenceoftouristsinlessurbanizedareascancausesimilarchangesinwildanimals.Ifso,seriousquestionsexistfortheideaofethical,welfare-orientedeco-tourism.Ifwewishtohelpanimalskeeptheiranti-predatordefenses,theresearcherssay,wemighthavetointentionallyexposeanimalstopredators.It’sjustyetoneotherwaythatwe’rechangingtheworldaroundus.46．TheresearchledbyBlumsteinisaimedat________.A．determininghowanimals’survivalisimpactedbyindividualplasticity.B．studyinghowlivingamonghumansaffectsanimals’survivalstrategiesC．comparingtheeffectivenessofdifferentsurvivaltechniquesD．findingoutwhichevolutionaryfactorimpactsanimals’survivalmethods47．Whichofthefollowingpracticesmaycontributetoanimalslosinganti-predatorcharacteristics?A．Controlledbreedingofanimals. B．Banningtheoperationofeco-tourism.C．Plannedselectionoffavorablegenes. D．Eliminatingdomestication.48．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisBlumsteinlikelytoagreewith?A．Urbanizationhasmadewildanimalsmorealert.B．Urbanizationhasbroughtconcretebenefitstoanimals.C．Citylivinghasledtoanimals’geneticvariations.D．Citylivinghashelpedtopreserveanimalspecies.49．Theanimalrescuecenterspottedaninjuredfoxayearagoandhassincenurseditbacktohealth.Beforereleasingitbacktothewild,thecentershouldprobably________.A．exposethefoxtotheurbanenvironmentrepeatedlyB．trainthefoxtoco-existwiththelessaggressivepredatorsC．intentionallygetthefoxaccustomedtothepresenceofhumansD．purposefullyadaptthefoxtopredatorrelatedenvironment50．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toamusepeoplewithrecentinterestingscientificfindings.B．Toremindpeopletohelpanimalssurviveinacorrectway.C．Topromoteeco-tourismincitiesaroundtheworld.D．Towarnpeopleofthedangerofanimalpresenceincities.【答案】46．B47．A48．C49．D50．B【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述随着城市化进程的发展，人类和动物之间的关系更加紧密，但是动物的反捕食者特征在这一过程中却退化甚至失去了。46．推理判断题。根据第二段“Ateamofresearcherswonderedwhetherclosenesstopeoplemightimpactthosesurvivalstrategies.(一组研究人员想知道，与人们的亲密程度是否会影响这些生存策略。)”以及最后一段“Whattheresearchersnowwonderiswhetherthemerepresenceoftouristsinlessurbanizedareascancausesimilarchangesinwildanimals.(研究人员现在想知道的是，仅仅是游客在不太城市化的地区的出现，是否也会导致野生动物发生类似的变化。)”可推知，由Blumstein领导的这项研究的目的是想弄清楚与人类一起生活如何影响动物的生存策略。故选B。47．细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisbehavioralchangeisperhapsunsurprisingwhenit’sintentional,theresultofdomesticationorcontrolledbreeding.(这种行为变化可能是有意为之的，是驯化或受控育种的结果，也许并不令人惊讶。)”可知，导致动物失去反捕食者特征的原因是驯化或控制繁殖。故选A。48．细节理解题。根据第四段“Eitherway,theseresultsmeanthatcitylivinghasenoughofaninfluenceonwildanimalsthatevolutionaryprocesseskickin.Thosereductionsinanti-predatorcharacteristicsbecomeencodedintheirgenes.(无论哪种方式，这些结果都意味着城市生活对野生动物的影响足够大，以至于进化过程开始了。这些反捕食者特征的减少被编码在它们的基因中。)”可知，生活在城市里导致动物的基因发生了变化。故选C。49．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifwewishtohelpanimalskeeptheiranti-predatordefenses,theresearcherssay,wemighthavetointentionallyexposeanimalstopredators.(研究人员说，如果我们希望帮助动物保持它们的反捕食者防御能力，我们可能必须故意让动物暴露在捕食者面前。)”可知，如果我们要想让受伤的狐狸被人类照顾的恢复健康后回归野外，我们要有目的地使狐狸适应与捕食者相关的环境。故选D。50．推理判断题。根据第四段“Eitherway,theseresultsmeanthatcitylivinghasenoughofaninfluenceonwildanimalsthatevolutionaryprocesseskickin.Thosereductionsinanti-predatorcharacteristicsbecomeencodedintheirgenes.(无论哪种方式，这些结果都意味着城市生活对野生动物的影响足够大，以至于进化过程开始了。这些反捕食者特征的减少被编码在它们的基因中。)”和最后一段的“Ifso,seriousquestionsexistfortheideaofethical,welfare-orientedeco-tourism.(如果是这样，伦理、福利型生态旅游的理念就会存在严重的问题。)”可推断，文章主要讲述随着城市化进程的发展，人类和动物之间的关系更加紧密，动物的反捕食者特征在这一过程中退化甚至失去了，因此推断文章的目的是提醒人们帮助动物以正确的方式生存。故选B。Whenevaluatingpeopleonvarious