2024届宁夏银川市普通高中学科教学质量检测（二）英语试题（解析版）

2024届宁夏银川市普通高中学科教学质量检测（二）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Therearemanypodcasts(播客)thatteachEnglishandyoucanlistentothemanytime.Hereisalistofsomeofthebestpodcaststhatyoumustsee.LearnEnglishPodcastThispodcasthasthreelevels.Thefirstisforbeginners,thesecondisforintermediates(中级学生)andthethirdisforupperintermediates.IfapersonwantstolearnBusinessEnglish,thenepisodesarealsomadeforhim.Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.SpeakingBroadlyThispodcastismadeforadvancedlearners.Explainedthroughdiscussionandinterviews,eachepisodehasnon-nativeEnglishspeakersandeveryrecordingalsohasexpertfeedback.YouwillseesomecommonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.TheEnglishWeSpeakThispodcastairsoneepisodedailyandeveryepisodeisonlythreetofourminutes,whichtalksaboutphrasesandidioms.Therearetwopeopleineachepisodewhocommunicatewitheachother.Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewardingElementaryPodcastThispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.Thelengthofapodcastisaround25minutesbutyoucanpauseitanytimeandcontinuewheneveryouwant.Thehostsofeachepisodearedifferent.1．Whichpodcastprovidesexercisesgoingwithit?A．LearnEnglishPodcast. B．SpeakingBroadly.C．TheEnglishWeSpeak D．ElementaryPodcast.2．WhatdoweknowaboutSpeakingBroadly?A．Itrecordsjustexpertspeakers. B．Itaimsatbeginners.C．Itpresentssometypicalmistakes. D．Itprovidesfeedbackfromlisteners.3．WhatdoTheEnglishWeSpeakandElementaryPodcasthaveincommon?A．Theyhavethesamelength. B．Theyarebothinteractive.C．Theysharethesamecontents. D．Theyaresuitableforbeginners.【答案】1．A2．C3．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个可以帮助英语学习的英语播客。1．细节理解题。根据LearnEnglishPodcast部分的“Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheetsandvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.(每个播客都很短，但信息量很大。还包括活页练习题和词汇任务)”可知，LearnEnglishPodcast提供了活页练习题和词汇练习。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据SpeakingBroadly部分的“YouwillseesomecommonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.(你会看到英语学习者犯的一些常见错误，你可以通过从这些错误中学习来提高你的英语水平。)”可知，该播客提供了英语学习者会常犯的错误。故选C项。3．细节理解题。根据TheEnglishWeSpeak部分的“Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewarding.(无论你是什么水平，你都会发现它是有益的)”和ElementaryPodcast中的“Thispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.(该播客主要面向初学者和中级学习者)”可知，TheEnglishWeSpeak和ElementaryPodcast这两个博客的共同之处在于两者都适合初学者。故选D项。Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”4．WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A．Sheusedtobeahealthworker. B．Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C．Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant. D．SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.5．WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A．Thekids’parentsdistrustedher. B．Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C．Somekidsdislikedgardenwork. D．Therewasnospaceforschoolgardens.6．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable.C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RescuingSchoolGardens B．ExperiencingCountryLifeC．GrowingVegetableLovers D．ChangingLocalLandscape【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．C【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。4．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts的发起者。故选D。5．推理判断题。根据第二段的“shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。7．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。【点睛】AccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstalled(安装)hasgrownrapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven’tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsontheEnvironment(InSPIRE)project.“Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators(传粉昆虫).Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputoutpollinator-friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,businesses,schools,cities—andnowthereareguidelinesforsolarfarms.Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.“Thesepollinator-friendlysolarfarmscanhaveavaluableimpactoneverythingthat’sgoingoninthelandscape,”saysMacknick.8．Whatdosolardevelopersoftenignore?A．Thedeclineinthedemandforsolarenergy.B．Thenegativeimpactofinstallingsolarpanels.C．Therisinglaborcostofbuildingsolarfarms.D．Themostrecentadvancesinsolartechnology.9．WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?A．Improvetheproductivityoflocalfarms.B．Inventnewmethodsforcontrollingweeds.C．Makesolarprojectsenvironmentallyfriendly.D．Promotetheuseofsolarenergyinruralareas.10．Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4?A．Toconservepollinators. B．Torestrictsolardevelopment.C．Todiversifytheeconomy. D．Toensurethesupplyofenergy.11．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Pollinators:ToLeaveortoStay B．SolarEnergy:HopefortheFutureC．InSPIRE:ALeaderinAgriculture D．SolarFarms:ANewDevelopment【答案】8．B9．C10．A11．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。8．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.(通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选A项。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。【点睛】3MandDiscoveryEducationannouncedSeanJiangfromGilmanSchoolasoneofthetoptenfinalistsfromacrossthenationforthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge.It’sacompetitionthatencouragesstudentstoidentifyaneverydayproblemandsubmitavideoshowingthesciencebehindthesolutionheorshecameupwith.14-year-oldJiangdecidedtohelpthosewhocan’tsee.Blindpeoplehadahardtimenavigating(导航)objectsthataremediumtofarrange.SoJiangwantedtodesignsomethingtogivethemaheads-uponobstacles(障碍)thatmaybeincoming.Jiang’sinspirationcamefromthepowersofthehearingsystem.“Ilearnedinschoolthatbatsandwhalesareabletouseecholocation(回声定位)tohelpthemnavigateandjustusetheirsenseofhearingandIalsosawonYouTubesomeveryskilledblindpeoplethatuseecholocationtohelpthemwalk,”saidJiang.Jiangstartedwithavirtualrealitysettingandthenmadeitareality.Hiscreationusesadepthcamerathatcandetecthowcloseobjectsare,thusgivingenoughtimetododgetheobstacles.Whenablindiswalkingwiththedevice,thesensorofthedepthcameragatherstheinformationregardingtheobstacles’positionanddistance.ThentheAIsysteminitwillturnthedistancedataintomusicalsoundguidance.Thiscouldsignificantlyincreasethewalkingspeedofablindpersonaswellasdecreasethenumberofobstaclestheyhit.Someothersimilarprogramswerealrightatfindingobjectsthatwereincloserange,butJiangstillwantedtheblindtoexperiencetheworldevenfullersotheywereabletoseestuffthatwasmuchfurtherawaythantheircircleofreach.InOctober,thetoptenfinalistswillcompeteinpersoninMinneapolisforthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”anda$25,000prize.12．WhatcanwelearnaboutJiangfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasthechampionofthe20233Mevent.B．Heinventedtechnologytoremoveroadobstacles.C．Hesoughttoassisttheblindinwalkingsmoothly.D．Hedevelopedanewnavigationappforhisschool.13．WhydidJiangmention“echolocation”?A．Toshowthedevelopmentoftechnology.B．Topresentthedifficultiestheblindface.C．Tostressthesignificanceofhearing.D．Toexplaintheinspirationofhisinvention.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dodge”meaninparagraph4?A．Avoid.B．Encounter.C．Challenge.D．Remove.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．3Mfacilitiesintendedfortheblind.B．Ateenusingsoundtohelptheblind.C．Aninventiontocurevisionproblems.D．Acompetitiontoimprovetheblind’slife.【答案】12．C13．D14．A15．B【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一个青少年SeanJiang的发明创造，他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。12．推理判断题。根据第二段“14-year-oldJiangdecidedtohelpthosewhocan’tsee.Blindpeoplehadahardtimenavigating(导航)objectsthataremediumtofarrange.SoJiangwantedtodesignsomethingtogivethemaheads-uponobstacles(障碍)thatmaybeincoming.(14岁的Jiang决定帮助那些看不见的人。盲人很难在中远距离的物体上导航。因此，Jiang想设计一些东西，让他们对可能到来的障碍有所预警。)”可知，Jiang设法帮助盲人顺利行走。故选C项。13．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Jiang’sinspirationcamefromthepowersofthehearingsystem.(Jiang的灵感来自于听觉系统的力量。)”以及Jiang所说“Ilearnedinschoolthatbatsandwhalesareabletouseecholocation(回声定位)tohelpthemnavigateandjustusetheirsenseofhearingandIalsosawonYouTubesomeveryskilledblindpeoplethatuseecholocationtohelpthemwalk.(我在学校里学过蝙蝠和鲸鱼能够利用回声定位来帮助它们导航，而且我还在YouTube上看到一些非常熟练的盲人利用回声定位来帮助他们走路。)”可知，Jiang提到“回声定位”是为了解释他的发明灵感。故选D项。14．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“Whenablindiswalkingwiththedevice,thesensorofthedepthcameragatherstheinformationregardingtheobstacles’positionanddistance.ThentheAIsysteminitwillturnthedistancedataintomusicalsoundguidance.Thiscouldsignificantlyincreasethewalkingspeedofablindpersonaswellasdecreasethenumberofobstaclestheyhit.(当盲人使用该设备行走时，深度相机的传感器会收集有关障碍物位置和距离的信息。然后其中的人工智能系统将把距离数据转化为音乐声音引导。这可以显著提高盲人的行走速度，并减少他们撞到的障碍物数量。)”说明该设备能够帮助盲人避开障碍物，从而推知划线词句“Hiscreationusesadepthcamerathatcandetecthowcloseobjectsare,thusgivingenoughtimetododgetheobstacles.(他的发明使用了一个深度相机，可以探测到物体有多近，从而有足够的时间dodge障碍物。)”故划线词汇意思是“避开”。故选A项。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“14-year-oldJiangdecidedtohelpthosewhocan’tsee.(14岁的Jiang决定帮助那些看不见的人。)”以及第三段中“Jiang’sinspirationcamefromthepowersofthehearingsystem.(Jiang的灵感来自于听觉系统的力量。)”等内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个青少年SeanJiang的发明创造，他发明的设备能用声音帮助盲人顺利行走。故选B项。Oneofthecoresofemotionalintelligenceisself-regulation,animportantskillintheworkplace.Likeanyskill,masteryofemotionalself-controlrequiresintentionalityandpractice.16.PausetoMentallyDistanceWhenyounoticeyourtypicalphysiologicalexperiencesassociatedwithstrongnegativeemotion,whatshouldyoudo?Mentallystepoutofyourimmediateexperience.Askingyourselfanyquestion,orimaginingwhatyoumightlookliketoothersrightnow,willdothetrick.Atthatpoint,althoughstillphysiologicallykeyedup,youwillbeabletoaskyourself,“Whatisthebestcourseofactionrightnow?”or“WhatadvicewouldIgivesomeoneelsewhoisinmyshoes?”17.TakeControlofYourSelf-TalkWe’refrequentlyunawareofhowmuchself-chatterisgoingoninthebackgroundofourminds.Suchself-talkmightnotbeinfullyarticulated(铰接式的)wordsorphrases,butinsteadlittleflashesofthought.Becomingawareofyourself-talkcanbedifficult.Whyisthisanimportantskilltodevelop?18.Togenuinelyeaseastrongnegativeemotionrequirestacklingthesourcebyexaminingtheunderlyingbeliefandhowaccurate,reasonable,orusefulitis.SeekSupportfromPartnersAskothersyoutrusttohelpyourecognizewhenyouremotionsseemtobegettingthebestofyou.19.Agreeonagestureorwordthatmightserveasasignalthatyourtrustedindividualwonderswhetheryou’reridingtheled-by-your-limbic-systemtrain.Ofcourse,therewillbetimesthey’rewrong.So,it’simportantnottoresponddefensivelywhenyougetthatsignal.Reactingwithanythingotherthangratitudeensuresthatyourpartnerwon’ttakethatriskagain.Cultivate(培养)CuriosityOurbrainsarewiredtodrawconclusionsandformjudgmentsatlightningspeed,andthosearefrequentlythecauseofournegativeemotions.20,butwetendtorunwiththem,sparkingtheself-talkthatfollows.Generallyworkingtobemorecuriousaboutotherpeople’sexperiences,includingtheirself-identifiedmotivesfortheirbehavior,helpsavoidmakinghastyjudgments.A．TheyarecomfortablewithallemotionsB．ThosejudgmentsarenotnecessarilyaccurateC．DoingsoprovidesyouwithchoicesastohowtoactD．ExplainyourdevelopmentalgoalsandsincerelyaskforhelpE．StayfocusedoncomingupwithananswerandfollowingthroughonitF．BecauseitisthosebackgroundbeliefsthatfuelouremotionalresponsesG．Herearefourwaysyoucandevelopgreateremotionalself-management【答案】16．G17．E18．F19．D20．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高工作中情绪自我管理能力的四个方法。16．前文“Oneofthecoresofemotionalintelligenceisself-regulation,animportantskillintheworkplace.Likeanyskill,masteryofemotionalself-controlrequiresintentionalityandpractice.(情商的核心之一是自我调节，这是工作场所的一项重要技能。像任何技能一样，掌握情绪自我控制需要有意识和实践)”引出话题，说明情绪自我控制技能的重要性，以及掌握它需要的要素，后文具体介绍了四种情绪控制的方法，因此G项“Herearefourwaysyoucandevelopgreateremotionalself-management(这里有四种方法可以提高你的情绪自我管理能力)”符合语境，表明提升该能力有方法，承上启下，其中的emotionalself-management和前文的emotionalself-control呼应。故选G。17．前文“Atthatpoint,althoughstillphysiologicallykeyedup,youwillbeabletoaskyourself,“Whatisthebestcourseofactionrightnow?”or“WhatadvicewouldIgivesomeoneelsewhoisinmyshoes?”(在那个阶段，尽管生理上仍然很紧张，但你可以问自己：‘现在最好的做法是什么？’或者‘如果是我，我会给别人什么建议？’)”建议停下来去思考这些问题，因此E项“Stayfocusedoncomingupwithananswerandfollowingthroughonit(专注于想出一个答案，并坚持到底)”符合语境，进一步说明要想出答案，承接前文，其中的answer和前文的两个问题呼应。故选E。18．前文“Becomingawareofyourself-talkcanbedifficult.Whyisthisanimportantskilltodevelop?(意识到你的自言自语可能很困难。为什么这是一项需要培养的重要技能呢)”表明意识到自言自语的困难，并提问培养这种技能的原因，因此F项“Becauseitisthosebackgroundbeliefsthatfuelouremotionalresponses(因为正是这些背景式的想法激发了我们的情绪反应)”符合语境，解释了其重要性，是对前文问题的回答。故选F。19．前文“Askothersyoutrusttohelpyourecognizewhenyouremotionsseemtobegettingthebestofyou.(让你信任的人帮你认识到你的情绪何时会占据你最好的状态)”说明可以让信任的人帮助自己，因此D项“Explainyourdevelopmentalgoalsandsincerelyaskforhelp(解释你的发展目标，真诚地寻求帮助)”符合语境，给出具体的求助建议，承接前文，其中的help在前文有同词复现。故选D。20．前文“Ourbrainsarewiredtodrawconclusionsandformjudgmentsatlightningspeed,andthosearefrequentlythecauseofournegativeemotions.(我们的大脑会以闪电般的速度得出结论并形成判断，而这些往往是我们负面情绪的原因)”指出大脑过于迅速地形成判断会导致负面情绪，后文“butwetendtorunwiththem,sparkingtheself-talkthatfollows(但我们往往会跟着它们跑，引发随后的自我对话)”说明大家通常的思维倾向，因此B项“Thosejudgmentsarenotnecessarilyaccurate(这些判断不一定准确)”符合语境，对前文的判断做出评判，和后文的思维倾向形成转折，其中的judgments在前文有同词复现。故选B。二、完形填空Inthelateafternoon,Brandonfinishedhisfarmworkandwenthome.Astheyoftendid,histwosons,Louie,6,andEverett,3,21him.Astheyheadedforthehouse,thetwoboysranaheadofhim,whostoppedtoclosethegate.Louie22atanoldwell.The23coveringthewellwasbrittle(脆弱的)overtime.WhenLouiesteppedonit,itwas24andtheboyfellinthewell.Brandonquickly25whathadhappened.HerantothewellandheardLouie26thewaterandscreaming.Without27,hejumpedin.Ashe28thewell,hegrabbedathinpipe,whichslowedhis29andkepthimfromhurtinghisson.Brandonhitthe30wateratthebottomofthewell.HegrabbedLouie,whowas31.Knowingtheycouldnot32inthefreezingwatertoolong,Brandoncarriedhissonontohischestashe33hisownlegsandbackagainstthenarrowwallsfor34.ThenheaskedEveretttogobackouttotheroadandgethelp.About15minuteslater,ChristiandMark,nearbyfarmer,noticedEverettstood35bythesideoftheroad,waving.TheyaskedifhewasOK.Hetoldthemthe36accident.ThecoupleputEverettintotheircaranddroveontothefarm,andtheboy37tothewell.MarkcalledthepolicewhileChristicalledanother38,Dan,whospedtoBrandon’sfarmwithhissonanda39rope.Withtheneighbors’help,BrandonandLouiewererescued40atlast.21．A．followed B．remembered C．copied D．left22．A．pretended B．danced C．stopped D．spoke23．A．brick B．board C．pipe D．sign24．A．accurate B．sensitive C．unnecessary D．broken25．A．heard B．realized C．imagined D．dreamed26．A．drinking B．adding C．beating D．exploring27．A．hesitation B．money C．time D．supply28．A．gaveup B．turnedto C．metwith D．felldown29．A．speech B．sight C．progress D．speed30．A．dirty B．cold C．deep D．poisonous31．A．panic B．excited C．embarrassed D．proud32．A．live B．move C．stay D．believe33．A．cleaned B．fixed C．found D．treated34．A．help B．power C．appreciation D．support35．A．alone B．happily C．free D．casually36．A．important B．terrible C．apparent D．common37．A．warned B．brought C．cheated D．pointed38．A．neighbor B．victim C．policeman D．farmer39．A．short B．colorful C．thick D．new40．A．temporarily B．gradually C．successfully D．similarly【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．B26．C27．A28．D29．D30．B31．A32．C33．B34．D35．A36．B37．D38．A39．C40．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了布兰登做完农活回家了，两个儿子跟着他，路易不小心掉进了一口老的水井里，布兰登跳进水里救儿子，没有成功，后来埃弗雷特喊来邻居帮忙，在邻居的帮助下，布兰登和路易最终成功获救。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他的两个儿子，6岁的路易和3岁的埃弗雷特也跟着他。A.followed跟着；B.remembered记得；C.copied复制，抄写；D.left离开。根据“Astheyheadedforthehouse,thetwoboysranaheadofhim,”可知，两个儿子跟着他。故选A。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：路易在一口老井边停了下来。A.pretended假装；B.danced跳舞；C.stopped停止；D.spoke说话。根据“WhenLouiesteppedonit,itwas____4____andtheboyfellinthewell.”可知，路易在井旁边停下来。故选C。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，覆盖水井的木板变脆了。A.brick砖；B.board木板；C.pipe管子，管道；D.sign标志。根据“coveringthewell”可知，用来覆盖水井的应该是木板。故选B。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当路易踩到它时，它被损坏了，男孩掉进了井里。A.accurate精确的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.unnecessary不必要的；D.broken破损的。根据“overtime”可知，随着时间的推移，木板变脆了，因此被男孩踩了之后，木板损坏了。故选D。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布兰登很快意识到发生了什么。A.heard听见；B.realized意识到；C.imagined想象；D.dreamed梦想。根据“HerantothewellandheardLouie____6____thewaterandscreaming.”可知，布兰登很快意识到路易掉到水井里了。故选B。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跑到井边，听到路易打水和尖叫。A.drinking喝；B.adding添加；C.beating拍打；D.exploring探索。根据“theboyfellinthewell.”可知，路易掉到井里，因此拍打着水面。故选C。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地跳了进去。A.hesitation犹豫；B.money钱；C.time时间；D.supply供给量。根据“heardLouie____6____thewaterandscreaming”可知，听到路易的尖叫声，布兰登毫不犹豫跳进井里。故选A。28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他从井里掉下去时，他抓住了一根细管子，这使他的速度减慢了，也避免了伤害他的儿子。A.gaveup放弃；B.turnedto求助于，转向；C.metwith遇见；D.felldown摔倒。根据“hejumpedin”可知，此处表示他掉到井里的时候。故选D。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.speech演讲；B.sight视力；C.progress进步，进展；D.speed速度。根据“hegrabbedathinpipe”可知，他抓住了一根细管子，这使他的速度减慢了。故选D。30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布兰登在井底碰到了冷水。A.dirty脏的；B.cold寒冷的；C.deep深的；D.poisonous有毒的。根据“inthefreezingwatertoolong”可知，井底的水应该是寒冷的。故选B。31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他抓住了惊慌失措的路易。A.panic恐慌的；B.excited兴奋的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.proud骄傲的。根据上文“HerantothewellandheardLouie____6____thewaterandscreaming”可知，掉进井里的路易惊慌失措。故选A。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布兰登知道他们不能在冰冷的水里呆太久，他把儿子抱在胸前，自己的腿和背靠在狭窄的墙壁上支撑着。A.live居住；B.move移动；C.stay保持，停留；D.believe相信。根据“inthefreezingwatertoolong”可知，在冰冷的水里不能待太久。故选C。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.cleaned打扫；B.fixed修理，固定；C.found找到，发现；D.treated治疗，对待。根据“hisownlegsandbackagainstthenarrowwalls”可知，布兰登把自己的腿和背靠在狭窄的墙壁上固定住。故选B。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.help帮助；B.power权力；C.appreciation感激；D.support支持。根据“hisownlegsandbackagainstthenarrowwalls”可知，布兰登把自己的腿和背靠在狭窄的墙壁上固定住，以寻求支撑。故选D。35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约15分钟后，克里斯蒂和附近的农民马克注意到埃弗雷特独自站在路边挥手。A.alone独自，只有；B.happily高兴地；C.free免费；D.casually随意地。根据“ThenheaskedEveretttogobackouttotheroadandgethelp.”可知，布兰登和路易都在井里，只有埃弗雷特独自去求救了。故选A。36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把可怕的事故告诉了他们。A.important重要的；B.terrible可怕的；C.apparent明显的；D.common普通的。根据上文“WhenLouiesteppedonit,itwas____4____andtheboyfellinthewell.”可知，路易掉进了井里，这是可怕的事故。故选B。37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：夫妇俩把埃弗雷特放进车里，开到农场，男孩指着井。A.warned警告；B.brought带来；C.cheated欺骗；D.pointed指向。根据“tothewell”可知，埃弗雷特指着井。故选D。38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克报了警，克里斯蒂打电话给另一个邻居丹，丹带着儿子和一根粗绳子迅速赶到布兰登的农场。A.neighbor邻居；B.victim受害者；C.policeman警察；D.farmer农民。根据“Withtheneighbors’help”可知，Dan也是邻居。故选A。39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.short短的；B.colorful色彩鲜艳的；C.thick厚的，粗的；D.new新的。根据“BrandonandLouiewererescued”可知，因为要救人，所以带着粗的绳子。故选C。40．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在邻居们的帮助下，布兰登和路易终于成功获救了。A.temporarily短暂地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.successfully成功地；D.similarly相似地。根据“Withtheneighbors’help”可知，在邻居的帮助下，布兰登和路易最终成功获救。故选C。三、语法填空阅读下面短，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AreyoufamiliarwithpopstarJayChou’sBlue&WhitePorcelain?Itsoriginallines,justasthecomposerFangWenshandescribed,41(inspire)byRuporcelain(汝瓷).Ruporcelain,42(rank)bestamongfamouskindsduringtheSongDynasty(960-1279),isknownfor43(it)uniquepaleblueglaze(釉).OceansofRuporcelainfloodedontothemarketaroundtheyearof1100,butthe44(exist)ofRuwarenowisactuallyrare.ThankstotheeffortsofRuporcelaininheritors(传承人),peoplecannowappreciateitcloserathandthanbefore.BorninRuzhou,Henanprovince,LiChaohasspentadecade45(better)craftingskills.Ruporcelaingoesthrough72steps,thefirstof46isknead(揉)mud.Anysmallerrorscouldlead47disaster,saidthe41-year-oldinheritor.HethenstressedthataRuporcelaininheritormustbepatientenough.Everyitemofartwork48(full)deservesouradmiration.TechniquesofmakingRuporcelainwillbelostwithseniorinheritorsgraduallypassingaway,49whatLisparesnoeffortindoingisintroducingittowidermasses.50(achieve)thisgoal,hecreativelyusesRuporcelaininmakingdailywarepopularamongyoungpeople.Nowhe’saimingtoexpandthemarketby