成人高考英语复习考点

第一讲：冠词、名词、代词I.冠词1.概念冠词是置于n.前、说明n.所指的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。2.种类：a/an,the3.定冠词the的用法：特指双熟悉，上文已提及世上独无二，序数最高级某些专有名，习语及乐器1〕Whenwesawhisface,weknewwasbad.A.thenewsB.somenewsC.anewsD.news2)Doyouknowthegirlwhoisstandingthere?3)thesun,themoon,theearth,theworld4)ShanghaiissecondlargestcityinChina.A.aB./C.theD.one5)thePacificOcean,theYellowRiver,theUnitedStates6)playthepiano7)---Doyouknowwhoinventedtelephone?---No,butitisreallymostusefulinvention.A.the,theB.a,aC.a,theD.the,a8)the+adj./done/doing表示一类人或物或某种抽象的概念therich,thewounded,theliving9)theSmiths10)Thepolicemanwaswoundedinknee,buthecaughtthethiefbyarm.A.the,hisB.his,theC.the,theD.his,his11)bythehour/day/meter/ton,但是，bylength/height/width12)totheleft,inthenorth但是，turnleft13)由普通名词构成的专有名词，表建筑、报纸、杂志、三军、船只、朝代等theGreatWall,theNewYorkTimes,theNavy,theMingDynasty14)Whichis,CanadaandAmerica?A.largeB.largerC.alargerD.thelarger15)bytheway,4.a/an的用法：1〕Whathonestboyyoursonisandwhatfunheis.A.a,aB.an,/C.an,aD.a,/2)Ihavebeenwaitingforhourand.A./,/B.the,aC.a,theD.an,a3)cowisusefulanimal.A.An,aB.The,theC.A,theD.The,a4)Asadoctor,heisgreatsuccess.A./B.aC.theD.an5)aMr.Wang,acertainMr.Wang,someMr.Wang6)Nextterm,we’lllearnsecondforeignlanguage.A.theB./C.aD.an7)---Howdidyoufindhersong?---Wonderful,Ihaveneverheardbettervoice.A.aB.theC./D.any8)Thereisnosuchthingasthatbetweenourselves.A.aB.theC./D.an9)such+a/an+adj.+n.so/too/as/how/however+adj.+a/an+n.many/what/half/such/rather/quite+a+n.10)singeranddancerhasacceptedtheinvitation.A.A,aB.The,theC.The,aD.The,/11)Hewasamedicalstudentbeforeheturnedengineer.A.aB.anC.theD./12)inaway,makeafuss,atatime5.不用冠词的情况：以下情况应免冠，代词限定名词前专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔1〕OneofhisfriendsstudiesatBeijingUniversity.A.theB.aC./D.an2)Thismorning,wehadbigbreakfast.A.theB.aC.anD./3)September10thisTeacher’sDay.A.theB.aC.anD./4)Hewaselectedchairmanofthesportsmeet.A.theB.aC.ofD.as5)Thetwowereliketeacherandstudentthoughtheywerethesameage.A./,theB./,/C.the,theD.a,a6)bybike/air/ship,onmybike,takeataxi,inink,inEnglishII.名词1.n.分类:1)专有n.2)普通n.：个体n.集体n.(family,team,group;people,police,cattle)可数n.不可数n.:物质n.apieceofcake,twopiecesofnews抽象n.(knowledge,friendship,success,danger)haveaknowledgeof,agreatsuccess2.n.单复数：1〕-o结尾:negro/hero/potato/tomato+esradio/photo/piano/bamboo+szero/volcano+s/es-oo结尾:foot,tooth,goose2)–f/fe结尾:thief/wife/shelf/knife/leaf/wolf/halfchief/safe/gulf/cliff/roof+s3)–x/sh/ch/s结尾:box+es,但是，stomach+s4)辅音字母+y结尾:family---families4)单复数同形：sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese,Swiss,people,cattle,police5)Frenchmen,Germans,Russians,Americans,Canadians6)passers-by,lookers-on,editors-in-chief,sisters-in-lawgo-betweens,grown-ups,good-for-nothingswomendoctors,girlfriends7)不规那么：child,ox,mouse8〕以下短语中n.只能用复数：taketurns,makesfriends,makerepairs,shakehands,indozens,asfollows以下短语中n.单复数均可：makefaces/makeaface,playjokes/playajokeonsb.9)单复数含义不同：arm/arms,good/goods,custom/customs,green/greens,damage/damageshaveawordwithsb./havewordswithsb.3.n.所有格：1)Mary’sroom,Women’sDay,TomandMary’sfather2)afriendofherfather’sthebarber’sanhour’swalktoday’snewspaper3)anybodyelse’sboys’,children’s4.名词作定语：ashoefactory,roomnumber,goodstrain5.–ess:waitress,actress,empress-ee:employee,interviewee6.名词与介词的搭配：differencebetween;planfor,reasonfor,wishfor,chargefor;successin,beliefin;dependenceon,influenceon;advantageover;accessto;answerto;contactwith;chancetodo,attempttodoIII.代词1.种类2.用法:1〕主语、表语、宾语、同位语2〕you:泛指一切人he:多用于指动物she:代月亮、船、汽车、飞机等3.位置：1)youandI,youandme2)myfriend/TomandI/me3)youandthey/them4)you,heandI5)Iandtheoldmanliving第二讲：形容词、副词、介词、数词I.形容词：1.adj.的位置：“〞、名词所有格+序数词+基数词观：表特性、性质形：形状、长短、大小、上下〔little/big/long+red/white〕色：颜色国：国籍、地区、出处材：物质、材料+用途、类别、目的e.g.abeautifullargegreenChinesecarpet2.形容词的用法：1〕只能作前置定语的adj.：elder,other,latter,former,daily,wooden,golden,late,etc.e.g.herlatehusband2〕只能作后置定语的adj.:goodenough,peoplepresent,somethingimportant,sb.else,etc.theweathertomorrow,thewayout,thesentencebelow,thetripabroad,etc.themanalive/awake/asleep,etctwometershigh3〕表语adj.:alike,afraid,alive,asleep,alone,ashamed等一般只作表语、补足语；ill,well,worth,bound,sure,drunk,unable等.3.根据惯用法，有些adj.有特定的adv.修饰：1)fast/soundasleep,fallasleep,verywell,fully/quiteaware,fullyawake,quiteimpossible,wellprepared/received/informed,badlywounded,deeplymoved,muchafraid2)aheavyrain/snow,astrongwind,athickfog,aheavy/lighttraffic/sleeper3)quiteunderstand/see/know4.复合adj.：1)n.+adj.:sea-sick,ice-cold,world-wide2)n.+n.+ed:iron-willed,honey-mouthed,ox-eyed3)n.+p.p:machine-made,weather-beated,ice-covered4)adj.+n.:long-distance,second-hand5)adj./数词+n.+ed:clean-minded,double-faced,three-legged6)adj.+doing/p.p:good-looking,new-laidII.比拟级、最高级：1.不规那么：1)good/well,many/much,bad/badly/ill2)older:laterfartherelder:latterfurther2.无比拟级、最高级：1)prefer,favorite,superior,perfect2)true,right,wrong,absolute,original,only3)woolen,wooden,monthly,square,round,4)dead,alive,living,asleep3.表比拟的结构：1)AisthreetimesasbigasB.AisthreetimesbiggerthanB.AisthreetimesthesizeofB.2)as---asnotas/so---as3)morethanmore---than4)nomorethannotmorethan5)moreandmorethemore---,themore---4.特殊用法：1)the+比拟级：---AorB---ofthetwo,2〕比拟级用于否认句，表达最高级含义：Ihaven’theardabettervoice.Youcan’tgivemeanybettergift.3)much/even/still/abit/alittle/alot/rather/no/far/byfar/notany/slightly+比拟级Thepriceofthiscomputeristhanthatone.A.cheapB.muchcheapC.muchmorecheaperD.muchcheaper4)byfar/notquite/thevery/nearly/almost+最高级5〕straightly/alikely/fastlyIII.特殊句型:1)somany/much/little/few+n.---that2)such+a/an+adj.+n.so/too/as/how/however+adj.+a/an+n.3)so+adj./such置句首，倒装Soshallowwastheriverthateveryonecouldswimacrossit.Suchisourhomeinthefuture.4)too---to---:表否认、肯定IV.同义词比拟：1)exciting/excited,interesting/interested,moving/moved,surprising/surprised2)high/highly,deep/deeply,close/closely3)common/ordinary/usual/generalrather/fairly/quite/prettyworth/worthy/worthwhile第五讲：虚拟语气、强调句型I.虚拟语气的类型：1.if条件句:if从句谓语主句谓语将来did/wereto/should+dowould/could/might+do现在did/werewould/could/might+do过去haddonewouldhavedone1)IfIthejob,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.A.woulddoB.doC.shalldoD.weretodo2)thetruth,hewouldn’thavelentheranymoney.A.JackhasknownB.IfJackknownC.ShouldJackknowD.HadJackknown3)IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Iinsuchtroublenow.A.wouldn’thavebeenB.wouldbeC.wereD.wouldn’tbe2.suggest/insist/order/demand/command/urge/recommend1)Thecitycouncilorderedspittingonthestreet.A.wasprohibitedB.isprohibitedC.beprohibitedD.beprohibited2)Allthedoctorsinsistedthathebadlywoundedandthatheatonce.A.shouldbe,beoperatedonB.were,mustbeoperatedonC.was,shouldbeoperatedD.was,beoperatedon3.wishJanewishesthatsheforeigntradeinsteadofliteraturewhenshewasincollege.A.didB.haddoneC.hadstudiedD.couldstudy4.asif1)HetalkedasifhetoJapan.A.hasgonetoB.wentC.hadgoneD.hadbeen2)Thistimeincameafatman.Herubbedhishandsallthetimeasifhethem.A.waswashingB.haswashedC.wouldhavewashedD.washed5.given/provided/without/butfor1)Givenmoretimeandmoney,hebetterthanwhatitis.A.didB.haddoneC.couldhavedoneD.woulddo2)Withoutyourencouragementandsupport,we.A.shouldnotsucceededB.wouldnotsucceedC.wouldhavesucceededD.wouldnothavesucceeded6.Itis+necessary/important/essential/strange/advisable---thatsb.(should)do---Itisnecessarythatauniversitystudentatleastoneforeignlanguage.A.learnsB.learnC.mustlearnD.learned7.Itis(high/about)sb.did---Ithinkit’shightimethechildrentoschool.A.goB.aregoingC.willgoD.went8.wouldrathersb.did---I’dratheryoujustinbedandanythingforatleasttwoweeks.A.stayed,didB.stay,don’tC.stayed,don’tdoD.stayed,didn’tdo第三讲：时态、语态、定语从句I.时态:1.一般现在时的用法：1〕表习惯性、经常性的动作，常与usually,often,sometimes,everyday等时间状语连用。2〕表示主语具备的性格、特征、能力等。Heisgoodatcomputer.3〕表示客观事实、真理。TheteachertoldustheearthmovesaroundtheSun.4〕表示按照时刻表将要发生的事情。(go,come,leave,stay,start,begin,arrive,return,etc.)Myflightleavesat7:00.