英语说明文阅读理解课件高考二轮专题复习

说明文阅读总结玉林市第一中学

黄心平极简版说明文：包括广告、说明书、内容提要、规则章程、解说词、科学小品、机构介绍、科技成果介绍、操作指南、使用手册、现象说明、事理阐释等，说明文大体上可以分为两大类:

事物说明文:对象为具体事物，目的是使读者认识该事物的特征。

事理说明文:对象为抽象事理，目的是使读者明白所阐述的道理。说明文设题类型:主旨大意题细节理解题推理判断题说明文设题倾向:研究报告类：P9P42P47P56P60P63P64P65P73P771、研究结果和意义/设计目的2、研究过程及方法3、对结论的进一步阐释4、专家评议（局限/前景）主旨大意/标题细节/推断细节/推断细节/推断说明文设题倾向:社会现象类：P5P8P24P39P49P51P52P53P62P661、提出现象2、分析原因3、说明造成影响4、提出解决问题的措施、建议、看法目的/主旨细节细节/推断细节/推断说明文设题倾向:新做法、新理论类：P41P44P46P54P55P59P60P61P67P68P72P74P75P76P77P781、提出新做法/理论2、产生原因、运行原理3、优缺点、用途功能、影响4、专家评议/前景细节细节/推断细节/推断细节/主旨解题方法一、主旨大意题题目常见title/subject/mainidea/topic/theme等1、归纳标题题What’sthebest/mostsuitabletitleforthetextThebesttitleforthispassageis______.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage(！找高频词！)e.g.P7231.P7431.2、概括大意题What’sthegeneral/mainideaofthepassageWhichofthefollowingexpressesthemainideaWhat’sthesubjectdiscussedinthetextWhat’sthearticlemainlyabout①

找文体结构：提出问题-论述问题-得出结论/阐明观点②

抓主题句：段首：总起句，后接细节：Forexample;first...second...;one...theother...

段中：注意转折词和问句！

but/however/instead...

段末：总结：so/therefore/thus/consequently/inconclusion/tosumup/inaword...2、概括大意题（无明显主题句：抓高频词）（干扰项：表述过于片面，只涵盖个别细节；

表述过于笼统，超出选段内容；

表述与原文无关，找不到相关依据。）What’sthegeneral/mainideaofthepassageWhichofthefollowingexpressesthemainideaWhat’sthesubjectdiscussedinthetextWhat’sthearticlemainlyabout二、细节理解题What’scanwelearnfromthepassageWhichofthefollowingis(not)mentionedWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue/right/false/wrongabout1、事实理解题题目常见who/what/which/when/where/why/how等2、排列顺序题correct/order3、数字计算题(审题→带着问题找细节→对比/分析/计算)e.g.P3930.三、推理判断题题目常见

infer推断/indicate象征/暗示/imply/suggest暗示/conclude做出结论/assume设想

1、细节推理判断题（文中细节/生活常识）Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat...Theauthorimplies/suggestdthat...Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribe...2、预测推理判断（结局/接下来的内容）Whatdoyouthinkwillhappenif/when...Attheendofthispassage,thewritermaycontinuetowritee.g.P6426.e.g.P7737.3、推测文章来源或读者对象题Thepassageisprobablytakeoutof____.Thepassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin________.Wheredosethistextprobablycomefrom4、写作意图/目的/态度推断题题目常见

explain/prove/persuade/advice/comment/praise/critize/entertain/demostrate(举例说明)/argue/tell/analyzeThepurposeofthetextis_____WhatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritinginthetextBymentioning...,theauthor’sattitudetowards...What’stheauthor’sopinionon...Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis_____①

直接陈述的细节不选，选需要推断的；②

立足已知推断未知，有原文的依据；③

忠于原文线索，不要脱离原文，主观臆断；e.g.P4235.5、词义推断题Theunderlinedword/phraseinthesecondparagraphmeans...Theword“it/they”inthelastsentencerefersto...Theword“..”probablymeans...Theword“..”couldbestr