2021-2022学年湖南省大联考高二（上）期末英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年湖南省大联考高二（上）期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

2022TourDetails7-DayTourfromLondontoEdinburgh

ALondonGuidewillshowyouthecity'sfamouslandmarkslikeBuckinghamPalace,Downing

StreetandWestminsterAbbey.Then,inEdinburgh,you'lltourthecastleandseeScotland's

CrownJewels.Fromthehistoricalsightstothebeautifulscenery,thisguidedtourofEngland

andScotlandisagreatwaytoexperienceeverythingBritainhastooffer.Startingat：$849

9-DayTourfromDublintoLondon

YourguidedtourofIrelandandBritainbeginsinthecapitalcityofDublin.Enjoyseeingthe

"FairCity",includingthestatue-linedO*ConnellStreet,TrinityCollege,andSt.Patrick*s

Cathedral.Yourlocalguidewillshowyouthefamoussights,includingtheHousesof

Parliament,BigBen,WestminsterAbbeyandBuckinghamPalace.ThisguidedtourofIreland

andBritainisawelcomeescapewithfewercrowdsandlowercoststhanhigh-seasontours.

Startingat：$1069

7-DayTourfromLondontoParis

YourguidedvacationinLondonbeginswithawelcomedinnerandacruiseontheThames

RivertoadmiretheTowerBridgeandtheHousesofParliament.Youllspendthreenightsin

Londontoseethesitesofthishistoriccity-fromBigBentoBuckinghamPalace,andalso

St.PauFsCathedral.Thenyou'llenjoya3-nightstayinParis.Thisincludessightseeingatthe

ArcdeTriomphe,ConcordeSquare,Champs-Elysees,andaSeinecruise.Thisguidedtourof

LondonandParisiscertaintobeenjoyablewithfewercrowdsintheoff-season!

Startingat：$1149

1.Howmuchwouldthe7-daytourfromLondontoEdinburghcostacoupleatleast?

A.$849.B.$1149.C.$1698D.$2138.

2.Whichplacecanyouvisitifyoutakethe9-daytourfromDublintoLondon?

A.DowningStreet.B.TrinityCollege.

C.TheThamesRiver.D.ConcordeSquare.

3.Whatdothethreetourshaveincommon?

A.Theycoverthesamenumberofsights.

B.TheyallbegininthecapitalcityofLondon.

C.Theytakepeoplethesameamountoftime.

D.TheyallincludeavisittoBuckinghamPalace.

B

2012wasoneofthehardestyearsIhaveeverknown.Forseveralmonths,!foundithardto

write,think,eatortakepleasureinanything；Icouldnotimaginewhatitwouldbeliketofeel

happyagain；Icouldnotfindanyhopeorpurpose.

IcannotrememberthereasonwhyoneMondaymorningIdecidedtogotoahotyogastudioin

eastLondon,whereIsignedupfora30-daytrial.IdonotremembertheclassorhowmuchI

sweated.WhatIdoknowisthatIstartedgoingtohotyogaeveryday.Sometimes,whenmyhead

feltasifitmightcollapse（崩溃）,Iwenttwiceaday.Iskippedparties,leftsocialeventsand

gotupearlytoattend.Therewassomethingaboutthehotroomthatheldmetogetherandthat

stoppedallthedarkthoughtsinsidemymind.

IchosetheBikrammethodofhotyoga：Ithasasetof26posturesandtwobreathingexercises

performedinheatoveraperiodof90minutes.ThisformofyogawasfoundedbyBikram

Choudhury.In2015,hefailedinanattempttocopyright（取得版权）hismethod.Many

practitioners（从业人员）believethatBikramisnotrealyoga.Somequestionthelimitationsof

just-26postures.Otherswonderwhytheclasshastobeperformedbeforeawallof

mirrors.However,somethinginthose26posturesfreedmymind,draggedmeoutofmy

thoughtsandbackintothepresent.Iwasabletofocusonhowmybodybehaveddifferently

eachday.

4.Whathappenedtotheauthorin2012?

A.Shesucceededinwriting.

B.Shetriedtofindhopeagain.

C.Shegaveupheryogaclasses.

D.Shefellintodeepdepression.

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraph?

第2页，共21页

A.Theauthorpracticedhotyogatoloseweight.

B.Theauthorwenttotheyogastudioonceeveryday.

C.Theauthorattachedimportancetoheryogaclasses.

D.Theauthorwassorrytoskippartiestogototheyogastudio.

6.Howdidyogahelptheauthor?

A.Ithelpedtheauthormakemoney.

B.Ithelpedtheauthorfeelmorefocused.

C.Ithelpedtheauthorgettoknowitsfounder.

D.Ithelpedtheauthorpracticeherperformanceskills.

7.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Ahealthmagazine.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Aguidebook.

c

ThelargestsculptureintheworldwasbuilttohonortheNativeAmericanIndians.The

sculpture'ssubjectwasaLakotaSiouxIndianheronamedCrazyHorse.LocatedinSouth

Dakota'sBlackHills,notfarawayfromMountRushmore,theCrazyHorseMonument（纪念

碑）isaworkinprogress,firststartedin1948.

CrazyHorsehadavisionandwasdevotedtopreservingthecultureandtraditionsofhis

people.Hediedyoung,atthehandsofanAmericansoldier.Becauseofhismodestyandgreat

courage,hisspiritlivesonthroughthelandandmanystorieshandeddownthroughgenerations

oftheLakotaSiouxIndians.

LakotaChief,StandingBear,andsculptor,KorczakZiolkowski,startedtheballrollingin1946

bychoosingThunderheadMountainastheplacetocreatetheCrazyHorseMonument.By1948,

thefirstexplosivesweredetonated（弓|爆）tostartsculptingtherockface.Muchlikethe

constructionofMountRushmore,themonumentisbeingcreatedinaspecialexplosive

engineeringprocess.

Eventhoughthesculptordiedinthe1980s,theworkontheCrazyHorseMonumentcontinues

andlivesonthroughhisfamily.Fundedthroughonlyprivatedonationsandpaidtours,the

sculptingprocessisslowbutsteady（稳定的）.Thereisalsoamuseumandculturalartscenter

connectedwiththemonumentandopentothepublic.Whiletheworkmaytakemanymore

years,thedevotiontocompletingtheCrazyHorseMonumentservestohonorthelifeofthis

greatfighterandhisNativeAmericanpeople,bothpastandpresent.

8.WhatcanweknowabouttheCrazyHorseMonumentfromparagraph1?

A.Itistheworld'sheaviestsculpture.

B.Itdatesbacktohundredsofyearsago.

C.ItstandsrightbesideMountRushmore.

D.ItshowsrespectfortheNativeAmericanIndians.

9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thehistoryofthemonument.

B.Thecauseofthesoldier'sdeath.

C.TheintroductiontoCrazyHorse.

D.Theimportanceoftraditionalculture.

10.WhathappenedafterKorczakZiolkowskidied?

A.Themonumentwasstillunderconstruction.

B.Ithelpedtheauthorfeelmorefocused.

C.Ithelpedtheauthorgettoknowitsfounder.

D.Ithelpedtheauthorpracticeherperformanceskills.

11.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Ahealthmagazine.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Aguidebook.

D

GrassesandshorttreesaregrowingandexpandingaroundMountQomolangmaandacrossthe

Himalayanregionastheareacontinuestoexperiencetheconsequencesofglobal

warming,researchershavefound.Usingsatellitedatafrom1993to2018,scientistsmeasured

"smallbutsignificant"increasesbetween4150and6000metersabovesealevel."Thereare

nowmoreareasthatarecoveredinplantsthantherewerein1993,"saidAnderson,ascientist

wholedtheresearch.

Whileitisstilltooearlytotellwhatimpactthisnewgrowthcouldhaveontheregion,''urgent

research,'onthepotentialeffectsisneeded."Wedon'tknowwhattheimpactis-itmightbethe

plantsthatcausethesnowtomeltmorequickly,"Andersonadded.

12.4billionpeopledependonwatercollectedintheregion.Changestowatersuppliescould

havegreatimpactsoncommunitiesindifferentcountries.HWeknowthatplantsandthe

watercyclearecoupled,"Andersonexplained."Whereveryouhaveplantsgrowing,it

changesthewaythewatercyclebehavesinthoseareas.Thisisparticularlyimportantin

第4页，共21页

theHimalayasbecauseglaciersarereducing.Weknowfromlotsofscientificresearchthat

thisisalreadyhavinganimpactonwatersuppliesinthisregionanditwillcontinuetodo

soasclimatechangecontinues."

ClimatechangeisalreadyhavinganimpactonHimalayancommunities.A2019study

foundthatHimalayanglaciershavebeenlosingalmosthalfameteroficeeachyearsince

thestartofthiscentury.Thishasalreadyresultedinlocalcommunitiesbeingflooded-and

couldultimatelyresultindrought.Lastyear,aresearcherfromtheInternationalCentre

foundthatatleastathirdoftheiceintheregion,whichishometoMount

Qomolangma,couldmeltbytheendofthecentury.

(1)WhatchangeshappenedtoMountQomolangmafrom1993to2018?

A.Moreplantsgrowingthere.B.Sealevelsrisingquickly.

C.Grassesdyingoutthere.D.Temperaturesdeclining.

13.WhydoestheauthormentionAndersoninparagraph2?

A.Toexplainthecausesofclimatechange.

B.Toprovetheeffectsofglaciersmelting.

C.Topresentthereasonsforplantsgrowing.

D.Toshowthenecessityoftheurgentresearch.

14.WhataffectedthewatersupplyintheHimalayas?

A.Thelargepopulation.B.Thevarietiesofplants.

C.Thewayofthewatercycle.D.Theincreasingglaciers.

15.WhywouldHimalayancommunitiesendindrought?

A.Itseldomsnowsthere.

B.Theglacierswoulddisappear.

C.Theyhavegreatfloodstheseyears.

D.Moreplantswillgrowthere.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

Weknowthatbullyhappensalotandthatitcanmadepeoplefeelmiserable.Andschool

violencehappensallthetime.

OL

Bullyiswhereapersonoragroupexercisecontroloveranotheragainsttheirwill,oftenleaving

thevictimfeelingpowerlessandalone.Bullyingcantakemanyfbrms.Children,youngpeople

andadultscaninstigatebullyingandbebulliedinschools.Bullyingisharmfultoall

involved,notjustthepersonwhoisbullied,buttothosewhodothebullyingandthosewho

standby.ltcanleadtoselfdoubtjackofconfidence,lowself-esteem,depression,anxiety,self

harmandsometimesevensuicide.Childrenmightbullybecausetheymaynothavebeentaught

thatitiswrongtobully.(2)Theyarecopyingolderbrothersandsisters,friendsorpeoplethey

observe.Theydon'tknowofmoreappropriatewaysofmixingwiththeirschoolfriends.

Howdoesbullyingaffectpeople?

NewresearchhasfoundthatmorethanhalfofyoungpeopleintheUKhavebeenbullied.Of

thosewhohavebeenbullied,58%saiditmadethemwanttomissschool,44%saiditmadethem

avoidsocialevents,and37%saidithadaffectedtheirschoolwork.(3)Racismiswhenpeople

aretreatedbadlybecauseoftheirskincolour,cultureornationality.Around32%ofstudents

saidthattheyhadheardsomethingracistatschool.

WhatcanIdotohelp?

(4)Ifsomeoneyouknowisbeingbullieditisimportanttotellateacher.Youcouldalsotalkto

yourparentsoranadultwhomyoutrust.Ifthepersondoingthebullyingissomeoneyou

know,youcouldtalktothemandexplainwhatthey'redoingiswrong.It'simportanttosupport

thepersonbeingbullied.(5)

A.Whatisbullying?

B.Whatiscyberbullying?

C.Therearemanythingsyoucandotofightagainstbullyingatschool.

D.Thereisnoshameorharminbeingdifferent.

E.Youshouldtellthemthatthey'renotalone.

F.Thestudyalsofoundabigproblemwithracism.

G.Theymaythinkthatitisjustabitoffun.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第6页，共21页

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

DuringmyfirsttermofUniversity,!didnotknowwhatIwantedtomajorin.Iwasvery

interestedinbiology,soIchoseavery(21)biologysciencecoursethatwasfarbeyondmy

abilities.Formonthsbeforemyfinal(22),IwentbackandforthtryingtodecidewhetherI

shouldtakethiscourseornot.Iendeduptakingit,becauseIknewIshouldgivemyselfthe

chanceto(23)whetherIhadtheabilitytobecomea(24)ornot.

Aftermonthsofnotbeingabletokeepup,!hardlypassedthecourseandmy(25)wastotally

reduced.(26),Ichangedmymajor,buttheeffectsthatcoursehadonmymind(27)withme.I

blamedmyselfformonthsaskinghowIcouldhavebeenso(28)astowastemyhealth,time,and

effortonthatcoursewhenIcouldhave(29)anotherone.

IttookmemonthstofinallyrecognizethatIhadnotbeento(3Q)formyactions.But,ifIhad

stoppedtorecall(回想起)the(31)thatIfeltunsureaboutmymajoratthetime,Iwould'vecome

tothatconclusionsooner,insteadof(32)moretimethinkingaboutthepast.HadIknownhow

challengingthe(33)wasjwouldn'thavespenttimeblamingmyself.ButhowcouldIhave

possiblyknownthatwithoutgivingitatry?Justlikeyoucan'tblameababyfornot

being(34)towalk,youcannotblameyourselffornotbeingabletoassess(评论)the(35)ofan

actionbeforeseeingtheexperiencethrough.

21.A.challengingB.popularC.commonD.easy

22.A.failureB.successC.decisionD.regret

23.A.thinkaboutB.findoutC.noticeD.announce

24.A.teacherB.reporterC.leaderD.scientist

25.A.respectB.talentC.strengthD.confidence

26.A.RatherB.ActuallyC.AfterwardsD.Still

27.A.stayedB.changedC.filledD.disappeared

28.A.confidentB.carelessC.stupidD.devoted

29.A.chosenB.requiredC.recommendedD.offered

30.A.praiseB.blameC.watchD.search

31.A.factB.adviceC.beliefD.proposal

32.A.killingB.costingC.sparingD.wasting

33.A.answerB.problemC.courseD.research

34.A.ableB.keenC.eagerD.excited

35.A.methodB.resultC.planD.process

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.TheInternethasbroughtusgreat(1)(convenient).Toacertainextent,wecanhardlylive

withoutit.However,italsoraisesallsortsofquestions：whensurfingtheInternet,howcan

weprotectourselves?HowcanweusetheInternet(2)(responsible).

Aboveallelse,youshouldusetheInternetin(3)safeway.Youmustalwaysbecareful

aboutwhichsites(4)(trust).Anothertipistokeepyourpersonalinformation

private,includingyourphonenumber,addressandemailaccount.

Youalsoneedtoshowrespectwhen(5)(communicate)withotheronlineusers.Leave

⑹(comment)politelyandtreatothersthewayyouwouldliketo⑺(treat).(8)the

majorityofonlineusersareniceandfriendly,theremightbesomeusers(9)makeyoufeel

uncomfortableonline.Insuchcases,beawarethatyoualwayshavetherighttosaynoand

cut(10)contact.Rememberthatrelationshipsyouestablishinthedigitalworldarejustthe

sameasthoseyouhaveinreallife.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

第8页，共21页

37.假定你是李华，是某国际高中的英文网站管理员。你校下周计划举办一场关于应对

灾害安全自救的讲座。请你准备一则英文通知，发布在校英文网站上，内容包括：

1.讲座举办的缘由；

2.讲座时间与地点；

3.参加讲座的注意事项。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Notice______________

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

OnFridaythe13thofMarch,mysix-year-oldsonJackcamehomewithahugepacketof

worksheetsinhisschooibag.Soonafter,!receivedtheemailIhadfearedwas

coming-Jack'sschoolwouldbeclosedforatleastthenexttwoweeks.TheCOVID-19

quarantine（隔离期）hadbegun.AtleastnowIwouldknowhewassafeathome.Ispent

theweekendgatheringsuppliessuchaspencils,crayonsandpaperandsettingupa

classroomonmydiningroomtable.

Onthefirstdayofwhatwasreferredtoas''distancelearning0,IrealizedIwasbeing

overlyoptimistic,andIonlyhadonechildtoteach.Hesuffersfromhearinglossandwears

hearingaids.Inschool,hereceivesspecialservicesfromateacherofthedeaf,aspeech

therapist（治疗专家）,anoccupationaltherapist,andaphysicaltherapist.Inadditionto

hismajorclasses,therewasalsohismusicclass,artclass,computereducation,the

library,andphysicaleducation.!wassuddenlytenteachersallatthesametime,andthe

workbeganpilingup!

Althoughmyjobasafreelance（自由职业的）writerallowsmetoworkaccordingtomy

ownschedule,!wouldnormallyworkwhenJackwasatschool.Nowthattimewastaken

upwithschooldaysathome.ThismeantIwasteachingformostofthedayandthen

workingasawriterallafternoonintotheevening.Manydaysdidn'tstopuntilbedtime,and

thenwewererightbackatitthenextmorning.Thiswasthenewnormalanditwas

stressful.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselffeelingangryfornoparticularreason.Onone

occasion.Ishoutedangrilyatmyprintersimplybecauseitwouldn'tworkproperly.

Oneday,!washelpingJackwithashortjournal.Aspartofhisclassworksheets,hewas

requiredtowriteanddrawabouttheinterestingthingsthathappenedathome.Isecretly

cheeredattheopportunitytoapplymyprofessionalskillstomyson'seducation.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ItoldhimallthethingsIknewaboutstorywriting.

Afterhalfanhour,IfoundthatJack'spaperwasstillblank.

第10页，共21页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、B、D

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据文章第一段"7-DayTourfromLondontoEdinburgh（伦

敦至爱丁堡7天游）”中的介绍"Startingat：$849perperson（起价：每人849美元）"

可知一对夫妇从伦敦到爱丁堡的7天旅行需支付1698美元。故选Co

（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第三段"Enjoyseeingthe"FairCity",includingthestatue-lined

O'ConnellStreet,TrinityCollege,andSt.Patrick'sCathedral.（欣赏雕像林立的奥康奈尔街、

三一学院、圣帕特里克大教堂等“市集"。）"可知如果你参加从都柏林到伦敦的9天游，

你可以参观三一学院。故选B。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据7-DayTourfromLondontoEdinburgh-ALondonGuidewillshow

youthecity'sfamouslandmarkslike：Buckingham

Palace,DowningStreetandWestminsterAbbey.一位伦敦导游将向你展示这座

城市的著名地标，如白金汉宫、唐宁街和威斯敏斯特大教堂；9-DayTourfromDublinto

London-Yourlocalguidewillshowyouthefamoussights,includingtheHousesof

Parliament,BigBen,WestminsterAbbeyandBuckinghamPalace.

当地导游会带你参观著名景点，包括国会大厦、大本钟、威斯敏斯特大教堂和白金汉宫；

7-DayTourfromLondontoParis-You'llspendthreenightsinLondontoseethesitesofthis

historiccity-----fromBigBentoBuckinghamPalace,andalsoSt.Paul'sCathedral.

你将在伦敦度过三个晚上，参观这座历史名城的遗址--从大本钟到白金汉宫，还有圣

保罗大教堂。可知，这三个旅行的相同之处在于都可以前去参观白金汉宫，故选D。

本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了从伦敦去爱丁堡、巴黎和从都柏林到伦敦的旅游安排和

价格。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

4〜7.【答案】D、C、B、A

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段"2012wasoneofthehardestyearsIhaveever

known."（2012年是我所知道的最艰难的一年。）可知，2012年的时候作者遭遇了人生

的一次低谷，心情非常沮丧，故选D项。

（2）C.推理判断题。根据第二段"Sometimes,whenmyheadfeltasifitmightcollapse（崩

溃），Iwenttwiceaday.Iskippedparties,leftsocialeventsandgotupearlytoattend."（有

时，当我的头感觉好像要崩溃时，我一天去两次。我跳过了聚会，离开了社交活动，早

早起床参加。）可知，作者当时很重视瑜伽课程，甚至为了上课而取消了一些活动，故

选C项。

（3）B.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一-句"thatstoppedallthedarkthoughtsinsidemymind"

（停止了我脑海中所有的黑暗想法）及第三段的最后两句"However,somethinginthose26

posturesfreedmymind,draggedmeoutofmythoughtsandbackintothepresent.Iwasableto

focusonhowmybodybehaveddifferentlyeachday."（然而，这26种姿势中的某些东西解

放了我的思绪，将我从思绪中拉回现实。我能够专注于我的身体每天的不同表现。）可

知，作者在练习瑜伽后，做事情时注意力更加集中了。故选B项。

（4）A.文章出处题。根据尾段"However,somethinginthose26Posturesfreedmy

mind,draggedmeoutofmythoughtsandbackintothepresent.Iwasabletofocusonhowmy

bodybehaveddifferentlyeachday."（然而，这26种姿势中的某些东西解放了我的思绪，

将我从思绪中拉回现实。我能够专注于我的身体每天的不同表现。）可知本文主要讲述

了瑜伽课程在作者经历低谷时期时使她受益匪浅，结合选项，这类介绍瑜伽课程好处的

文章最可能出现在健康杂志上，故选A项。

这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在2012年处于人生的一次低谷期，但是在无意间学

习了瑜伽课程后作者的生活发生了很大的变化。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

8~11.【答案】D、C、A、B

（解析】（1）D.细节理解题。由第一段"Thelargestsculptureintheworldwasbuilttohonor

theNativeAmericanIndians.Thesculpture'ssubjectwasaLakotaSiouxIndianheronamed

CrazyHorse."（世界上最大的雕塑是为了纪念美洲原住民印第安人而建造的。雕塑的主

第12页，共21页

题是一位名叫疯马的拉科塔苏族印第安英雄。）可知疯马纪念碑是为了纪念对美洲原住

民印第安人。所以"D.它表达了对美洲印第安人的尊重。”符合。故选D项。

（2）C.段落大意题。由第二段"Hediedyoung,atthehandsofanAmericansoldier."（他英

年早逝，死于一名美国士兵之手。）可知，本段是对CrazyHorse的介绍。故选C项。

（3）A.细节理解题。由尾段"Eventhoughthesculptordiedinthe1980s,theworkonthe

CrazyHorseMonumentcontinuesandlivesonthroughhisfamily."（尽管雕塑家在1980年

代去世，但疯马纪念碑的工作仍在继续，并通过他的家人继续存在。）可知，雕塑家死

后雕像仍继续建。故选A项。

（4）B.文章出处题。由第一段"LocatedinSouthDakota'sBlackHills,notfarawayfrom

MountRushmore.theCrazyHorseMonument（名己念碑）isaworkinprogress,firststartedin

1948.”（疯马纪念碑位于南达塔的黑山，距离拉什山不远，正在建设中，于1948年首

次动工。）可知，本文介绍了一个雕像艺术品的来历和历史。故选B项。

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美洲的疯马纪念碑的来历和历史。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

12~15.【答案】B、D、A、C

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。由第一段"Therearenowmoreareasthatarecoveredinplants

thantherewerein1993（现在植物覆盖的区域比1993年更多）"可知，这期间珠穆朗玛

峰上长了更多的植物。故选B项。

（2）D.推理判断题。由第二段"Whileitisstilltooearlytotellwhatimpactthisnewgrowth

couldhaveontheregion,"urgentresearch"onthepotentialeffectsisneeded.（虽然现在说

这种新的增长可能对该地区产生什么影响还为时过早，但需要对潜在影响进行“迫切研

究"）"可知，作者提到Anderson是为了说明迫切需要进行研究。故选D项。

（3）A.细节理解题。由第三段"Whereveryouhaveplantsgrowing,itchangesthewaythe

watercyclebehavedinthoseareas.（无论你在哪里种植植物，它都会改变这些地区的水

循环方式）”可知，水循环的方式影响了水供应。故选A项。

（4）C.细节理解题。由尾段”A2019studyfoundthatHimalayanglaciershavebeenlosing

almosthalfameteroficeeachyearsincethestartofthiscentury.Thishasalreadyresultedin

localcommunitiesbeingflooded—andcouldultimatelyresultindrought.（2019年的一项

研究发现，自本世纪初以来，Himalayan冰川每年都会流失近半米的冰层。这已经导致

当地社区被洪水淹没，并最终可能导致干旱）”可知，冰川消失最终会导致喜马拉雅地

区干旱。故选C项。

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了喜马拉雅山区植被增多影响水循环，气候变化导致冰川消

融。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

16~20.【答案】B、G、F、C、E

【解析】（1）B.标题归纳题。T^t"Bullyiswhereapersonoragroupexercisecontrolover

anotheragainsttheirwill,oftenleavingthevictimfeelingpowerlessandalone.（霸凌是指一

个人或一个群体违背自己的意愿对另一个人进行控制，通常会让受害者感到无助和孤

独。）”解释了什么是霸凌，选项B”什么是霸凌？”作为小标题，提出了本段要回答的问

题。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选B项。

（2）G.逻辑关系题。上文"Childrenmightbullybecausetheymaynothavebeentaughtthat

itiswrongtobully.（孩子们可能会欺负人，因为他们可能没有被教育欺凌是错误的。）

“解释了孩子们欺负别人可能是没有被教育过，不知道这是错误的，选项G”他们可能认

为这只是一点乐趣。“承接上文，继续解释有些孩子欺负别人的原因可能是不知道这是

错误的，认为只是乐趣。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。

（3）F.细节理解题。T^"Racismiswhenpeoplearetreatedbadlybecauseoftheirskin

colour,cultureornationality.Around32%ofstudentssaidthattheyhadheardsomethingracist

atschool.（种族主义是指人们因为肤色、文化或国籍而受到恶劣对待。约32%的学生

表示，他们在学校听到过种族主义言论。）”解释了被欺凌可能与种族主义有关，选项

F”研究还发现了种族主义的一个大问题。”说明研究发现种族主义是造成霸凌问题的原

因之一。选项中racism和下文中Racism词汇重叠，语义一致。故选F项。

（4）C.逻辑关系题。上文"WhatcanIdotohelp?（我能帮上什么忙吗？）"作为小标

题，提出对于霸凌我们能不能帮上忙的问题，选项C”你可以做很多事情来对抗学校里

的欺凌行为。”承接上文，肯定回答了上文问题，说明我们可以做许多事情来对抗霸凌。

第14页，共21页

语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选C项。

(5)E.推理判断题。importanttosupportthepersonbeingbullied.(支持被欺

负的人是很重要的。)"提出要支持被欺负的人，选项E“你应该告诉他们，他们并不孤

单。”承接上文，提出支持被欺负的人的具体做法，告诉他们，他们有人支持，并不孤

单。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选E项。

这是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是霸凌，以及霸凌，尤其是学校霸凌，造成的危害及其影

响并告诉我们怎样应对。

首先要通读全文，了解文章大意。通读答案，找出相对应的关键词.根据文章整体结构，

具体内容、结合关键词，将选项填入文中。

21~35.【答案】A、C、B、D、D、C、A、C、A、B、A、D、C、A、B

【解析】(1)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.challenging有挑战的；B.popular受欢迎的；

C.common常见的；D.easy容易的。句意：我对生物非常感兴趣，所以我选择了一个非

常有挑战性的生物科学课程，这远远超出了我的能力。根据本句后面的"farbeyondmy

abilities(远远超出我的能力)"及下文"HadIknownhowchallengingthe(13)was",结

合全文内容可知，作者所选择的课程是很"具有挑战的"。故选A项。

(2)C.考查名词及语境理解。A.failure失败;B.success成功；C.decision决定;D.regret

后悔。句意：在我做出最后决定之前的几个月里，我反复考虑是否要上这门课。根据下

文中的"tryingtodecide(试图决定)”可知，这里指经过几个月思考，作者最后做出“决

定”：选择学生物。故选C项。

(3)B.考查动词(短语)及语境理解。A.thinkabout考虑；B.findout搞清楚；C.notice

注意；D.announce宣布。句意：我最终选择了它，因为我知道我应该给自己一个机会，

看看我是否有能力成为一名科学家。根据上文作者最后选择了这门课程，结合常识及下

文中的"whetherIhadtheabilitytobecomea(4)ornot(我是否有能力成为科学家)"可

知，这里指作者想给自己一次机会来"弄清“自己是否有能力。故选B项。

(4)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.teacher老师；B.reporter记者；deader领导；D.scientist

科学家。句意：我最终选择了它，因为我知道我应该给自己一个机会，看看我是否有能

力成为一名科学家。根据上文中的“Iwasveryinterestedinbiology(我对生物很感兴趣)

”及作者选择了生物科学这门课，结合常识可知，这里指作者想要看一下自己能否成为

一名"科学家"。故选D项。

(5)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.respect尊重；B.talent天分；C.strengh力量；D.confidence

信心。句意：经过儿个月的跟不上课程，我几乎不能通过这门课程，此时，我的信心完

全被削弱了。根据本句前面的"hardlypass