新高考新教材广西专版2025届高考英语二轮总复习完形填空能力升级练文体分类练四说明文和议论文

文体分类练(四)——说明文和争论文Test1Peoplealwayssaythatteenagefriendshipsarethemostprecious.Kidsaretoo1tounderstandrealfriendshipwhileadultstendtorelateittofameandwealth.

Thingsare2withhighschoolbestfriends.Weshareeachother’s3.Wediscussnewsfromallwalksoflifeandbeginto4ourvalues.We5eachotheronthejourneytothebiggestchallengeinourlives.Wealsosharesuccessandfailure.The6offriendshipbecomedeeplyrooted.

Manyofusdon’trealisethisuntilweenter7.Oneofmyfriends,Cora,experiencedhow8thebondwithhighschoolfriendscouldbe.“Itwasmyhighschoolfriendwhohelpedmegetthroughthedarkestdaysinmylife,”Corasaid.

In2024,Cora9herjobinNewYork.Cora’sbestfriendwasstayinginacollegedormitoryandtookherin.Eachnightthetwogirlssqueezedintoa10singlebed,chattingandcrying.“I’llneverforgethercareandencouragement,whichsupportedmeoutofthe11,”saidCora.

Istillremembermy12daysinSenior3.Atthetime,I13a20messagewithmybestfriend,bothofushopingtokeepthefriendshipgoingforever.

Butwedidn’trealisewewere14deepineachother’sheart.Duringthepast10years,wheneverI’veneededhelporwantedtopouroutmy15,shehasalwaysbeenthereattheotherendofatelephoneline.

1.A.sillyB.youngC.slow D.naughty2.A.different B.familiarC.simple Dfortable3.A.success B.failureC.values D.secrets4.A.shape B.changeC.design D.discover5.A.praise B.blameC.inform D.support6.A.flowers B.fruitsC.leaves D.seeds7.A.university B.classroomC.society D.hotel8.A.strong B.freeC.clear D.weak9.A.got B.foundC.lost D.changed10.A.new B.narrowC.warm D.large11.A.circle B.marriageC.darkness D.loneliness12.A.lonely B.busyC.sad D.last13.A.sent BpletedC.wrote D.exchanged14.A.already B.evenC.instead D.still15.A.excitement B.breathC.unhappiness D.joyTest2(2024·全国乙卷改编)Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there’ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout1someoneelse’sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.

However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably2athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodiesexposed.

Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas3asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour4researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology5thatidea.

Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Eachchildsatdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor6.Wethenaskedthechildifshecouldseeorheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn’t.Thesame7happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:8childrensaidthattheycouldn’t9toher.

Anumberof10ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects11thequestionsandknewexactlywhatwasaskedofthem.Their12tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue13that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.”Theysimplyinsistonmutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our14suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod15whenothersuseit.

1.A.following B.takingC.escaping D.directing2.A.clever B.badC.scared D.quick3.A.supported B.guaranteedC.imagined D.interpreted4.A.disappointing B.mixedC.surprising D.desired5.A.explained B.confirmedC.contradicted D.tested6.A.feet B.noseC.hands D.ears7.A.event B.thingC.action D.accident8.A.Yet B.NowC.Soon D.Once9.A.speak B.listenC.turn D.wave10.A.instructions B.descriptionsC.experiments D.assumptions11.Aprehended B.predictedC.explored D.ignored12.A.responses B.approachesC.contribution D.sensitivity13.A.ability B.beliefC.identity D.purpose14.A.limitations B.requirementsC.theories D.findings15.A.tentative B.impressiveC.creative D.effectiveTest3(2024·湖北八市高三联考题改编)Thebestandmostamazingthingaboutlifeisthatnomatterwhathappensorhowharditmaybe,stay1.

Allyouneedto2istodogood,evenifitmaybethesmallestthing,likegreetingsomeonewithasmile.Itcan3someone’sday,andyouwillhavemadethesmallest4biggestdifferencetotheirlife.

Ilearnedpatienceinthehard5.Ihavebeentryingtorushthroughlife,always6myselftomyfriendsandwonderingwhenmylifewouldchange.Iwastoobusytryingtospeedthingsup,butthingsjustweren’t7,soIfinallygaveup.However,whenIcontinuedtohelppeopleanddolittlethingstomakeadifference,life8meback.Therefore,keepyour9unchanged,nomatterhowunjustpeoplearetowardsyou.Ibelieveyouwillbesuccessful,10everythinghasitsownspecialtime,andyoursisdefinitelycoming.Youjustneedto11alittlelonger.

I12metsomeoneworthitall,sokindandsweet,alwaystryingtosurprisemeinthemost13ways.Now,everydayissomethingbiggerandbetter,andthat14isamazing.

Evenifyouhavebeendoingbadthingsuntilnow,youcanchangeitall.Believeme,italwaysgetsbetter.It’snoteasy,butitwill.Iknow,becauseIhavebeen15withitandIfinallyfeelbetter.

1.A.curious B.patientC.serious D.generous2.A.reflecton B.setaboutC.takeup D.focuson3.A.speedup B.lookupC.brightenup D.turnup4.A.but B.andC.or D.so5.A.way B.timeC.point D.problem6.A.adapting B.adjustingCparing D.applying7.A.speeding B.changingC.moving D.succeeding8.A.gives B.paysC.gets D.brings9.A.intentions B.mindsC.hearts D.efforts10.A.if B.whenC.until D.because11.A.work B.waitC.operate D.stay12.A.eventually B.occasionallyC.suddenly D.instantly13.A.normal B.unusualCmon D.unexpected14.A.thought B.viewC.feeling D.idea15.A.hunting B.strugglingC.searching D.exploring

参考答案文体分类练(四)——说明文和争论文Test1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过孩子与成人的比较说明友情在不同年龄段的认知特点。1.B解析此处指孩子年龄还太小,不懂得真正的友情。故选B项。2.A解析上文讲了孩提时期还不懂得真正的友情,成年人则常把友情同名声、财宝联系在一起。依据其次段及下文所描述的状况可知,中学时期最要好的挚友之间的友情则与上述两种情形不一样。故选A项。3.D解析此处指共享彼此的“隐私”。A、B、C三项在下文中都做了描述,故可解除,否则重复。4.A解析此处指探讨各行各业的新闻并起先“形成”自己的价值观。故选A项。5.D解析依据该空后的tothebiggestchallenge及本段中的“Wealsosharesuccessandfailure.”可知,在通向人生挑战的旅途中,“我”们彼此支持。故选D项。6.D解析此处指在相互探讨、彼此支持、共享成败的过程中,友情的“种子”深深地扎根于“我”们之间。故选D项。7.C解析依据下文提到Cora的例子可知,她是在进入社会后才体会到中学时期友情的宝贵,而作者在下文中讲解并描述自己的阅历也是如此。因此,此处表示“我们中的很多人直到进入社会后才相识到这一点。”故选C项。8.A解析此处指Cora在进入社会后,体会到与中学的好挚友之间的关系是多么紧密。故选A项。9.C解析依据下文讲的Cora和她的好挚友挤在一张单人床上及上文中的thedarkestdays可知,Cora失去了工作。故选C项。10.B解析依据该设空前的squeezedinto及设空后的singlebed可知,床应当很窄。故选B项。11.C解析依据上文中的thedarkestdays可知,Cora把失业的那一段时间称为人生中最黑暗的日子,故此处指她的好挚友的关切和激励帮助她走出了黑暗。故选C项。12.D解析两人交换着信息,希望能许久保持相互之间的友情,由此情景可推断出,应是在高三最终的日子里。故选D项。13.D解析作者和最好的挚友交换了长达二十页的信息,希望友情能够长存。故选D项。14.A解析依据本文讲解并描述的重点“中学时期的友情是最宝贵的”可知,此处指当时她们还没有意识到她们已经在彼此的内心深处了。15.C解析此处指在作者想倾吐内心的不快时也会给她最好的挚友打电话。故选C项。Test2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。学龄前儿童在玩捉迷藏的嬉戏时,通常表现出“顾头不顾尾”的滑稽样子。之前这种行为被说明为是“自我中心”的表现,但最新的试验结果表明,状况并非如此。1.C解析依据常理可知,孩子们之所以宠爱玩“捉迷藏”的嬉戏,是因为当他们藏起来的时候,感觉自己能够躲避(escaping)找寻者的目光,所以特别惊惶刺激。2.B解析依据下文的内容可知,学龄前儿童不擅长(bad)隐藏。3.D解析依据本句内容可知,长时间以来,儿童的这种无效躲藏的方式被说明(interpreted)为“儿童是自我中心型生物”的证据。4.C解析依据下文内容可知,试验结果是特别令人惊异的(surprising)。5.C解析依据下文试验的结论可知,这个结果与之前人们的想法是完全相反的(contradicted)。6.D解析依据下文出现的orheartheadult可知,此处指的是蒙上眼睛或捂住耳朵(ears)。7.B解析依据冒号后面的内容可知,当成年人捂上自己的嘴巴时,相同的事情(thing)出现了。8.B解析依据上下文语境可知,此刻(Now)孩子们的回答和反应与之前完全相像。9.A解析依据上文内容coveredherownmouth可知,因为大人捂着嘴巴,所以孩子们说他们不能与大人讲话(speak)。10.C解析依据上文内容可知,这是进行的科学试验,但是一次试验确定不能得出结论,所以进行很多次试验(experiments),解除了孩子们误会问题的可能性。11.A解析依据上文出现的misunderstood可知,结果很清晰地表明,孩子们理解(comprehended)问题是什么。12.A解析依据上文内容以及下文的questions可知,此处指的是孩子们对问题的回答(responses)。13.B解析依据下文内容可知,孩子们真实的想法(belief)是:只有你能看到我,我才能看到你。14.D解析依据上文内容可知,科学试验有了新的发觉或结果(findings),完全推翻了之前的结论。15.D解析依据上文内容及上文出现的ineffective一词可知,事实上,当别人用这个方法时,孩子们就会认为这个方法是有效的(effective)。Test3【语篇导读】本文是一篇争论文。无论生活中发生什么事情,我们都应保持耐性、面带微笑、坚持做好事,即使是很小的好事也会给他人带来影响,同时我们自己也会收获快乐与喜悦。1.B解析依据下文的Ilearnedpatience可知,生活中无论发生什么,无论有多艰难,都要有耐性。故选B项。2.D解析依据下文的“...evenifitmaybethesmallestthing,likegreetingsomeonewithasmile.”可知,你须要做的是专注于做好事。故选D项。3.C解析依据语境可知,设空处前面的It指上文中的greetingsomeonewithasmile,此处应表示“一个微笑就会照亮别人的一天”。故选C项。4.A解析此处smallest与biggest的意思和情感色调相反,应运用表示转折意义的连词but。故选A项。5.A解析依据下文的“Iwastoobusytryingt