四川省泸县2024-2025学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题含解析

Page262024年秋期高二第一学月考试英语试题本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。留意事项：1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷(选择题95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whycouldn’tthewomanhearthemanclearly?A.Themanwaseating. B.Themanwasintheshower. C.Thewomanhasbadhearing.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sorry,couldyourepeatwhatyousaid?Ididn’thearyouveryclearly.Didyousayyouarecomingoverinanhour?M:No,IsaidIjustgotoutoftheshower.Sorry,Iwasjustchewingonsomething.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthewomanforget?A.Hergloves. B.Herscarf. C.Hercoat.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:It’ssocoldtoday.IrememberedtowearmycoatbutIreallyshouldhaveputonascarf.M:Yes,it’sfreezing,butatleastyouhaveyourgloveswithyou.Idon’thaveapair.Ishouldgetsome.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Getsomepaint. B.Haveacupoftea. C.Paintthehouse.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howabouthavingacupofteabeforewepaintthehouse?I’msotired.M:Well,that’sjustwhatIwasthinking.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowdidJohndointheexam?A.Hefailedintheexam. B.Hegotthehighestmark. C.Hedidworsethanlasttime.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:What’stheresultoftheexam?I’msureJohnhasgotthehighestmark,becausehehasbeenstudyinghardthisterm.W:Asamatteroffacthedidn’tpasstheexamthistime.M:Really?Ididn’texpectthat.W:Ididn’teither.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hewatchedaplay. B.Hedidsomeshopping. C.Herelaxedathome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyougotothetheaterlastnight?M:Yes,Idid.W:Whatdidyouthinkoftheplay?M:Itwasexcellent.其次节(共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Motherandson. C.Strangers.7.Whydidbakersputanextrapieceofbreadinabaginthepast?A.Therewasmorespaceinthebag.B.Theywantedtomakethecustomershappy.C.Theywereafraidtobepunishedforgivingtoolittle.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Howmanyeggscomeinadozen?M:Adozenis12.W:Really?Ithoughtitwas13butthinkingaboutitnow,itwouldn’tmakesensefortheboxtohaveanunevennumberofspaces.M:Thereissomethingcalledabaker’sdozen.Alongtimeago,givingasmalleramountofbreadthanapersonpaidforwasillegal.Sothenbakersbegantoputoneextrapieceintheirbagssotheywouldnotbefined.W:Wow!Thatisinteresting!Howdoyouknowsomuchaboutoldbakers?M:Mygrandfatherownedabakery.Hemadebreadallthetime!Itwassodelicious.W:Thatdoessounddelicious.Doyouknowhowtobakebread?M:No,IwishIhadlearnedproperly.Mygrandfathertriedtoshowmeonce,butIwastooyoungtounderstand.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhywasJanelateforschool?A.Shemissedthesubway. B.Shelefthomealittlelate. C.Shegotuplate.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.HeisJane’sclassmate. B.HeisstrictwithJane. C.Hedoesn’tbelieveinJane.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】M:Jane,youwerelateforschooltoday.What’sthematter?W:Sorry,Mr.White.Imissedmybus.M:Whydidyoumissyourbus?W:BecauseIlefthomealittlelaterthanusual.M:Didyougetuplateorsomething?W:No,Ireceivedacallfrommyauntbeforegoingtoschool.I’mreallysorryforbeinglate.M:Ifyou’relateagain,Ican’tletyoupassthisclass.W:Ipromiseitwon’thappenagain.M:Allright.Gobacktoyourseat.Theclassisbeginning.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?A.Thenoise. B.Theweather. C.Thetraffic.11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherlivingconditions?A.Theflatistooold. B.Theflatistoodirty. C.Theflatisovercrowded.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodonextyear?A.Movetoanewhouse. B.Changeherjob. C.Buyanewcar.【答案】10.A11.C12.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.I’mJohnBrown—I’mareporter.Wouldyoumindansweringafewquestions?W:No,goahead.M:MayIaskyourname,please?W:MynameisAliceCassin.M:Mrs.Cassin,howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?W:Thereare5peopleinmyfamily.M:Andhowlonghaveyoulivedhere?W:Since1990.M:Doyouthinkthenoiseisaprobleminthisarea?W:Yes,ofcourse.Theneighborsmakeallsortsofnoisedayandnight.It’sdrivingmemad.M:Doyouthinkyourlivingconditionsaresatisfying?W:No,definitelynot!Myflatisextremelysmallforfivepeople.It’sovercrowded.M:Doyouplantoimproveyourlivingconditions?W:Ofcourse.Actually,wewillbemovingtothenewhouseatthistimenextyear.M:Congratulations.Thankyouforyourtime.W:You’rewelcome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowdoesJohngotoworkonrainydays?A.Bybus. B.Onfoot. C.Bycar.14.WhatdoesJohnusuallydoonweekends?A.Hebakessomething. B.Helearnscooking. C.Hebuyssweets.15.WhendoesCaroleatout?A.Whenshehasabusydayatwork.B.Whenshedoesn’tknowwhattoeat.C.Whenherhusbandistoobusytocook.16.WhatdoesCarolthinkoftherestaurants?A.Theyarepopular. B.Theyarediverse. C.Theyareexpensive.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Thisisalovelyhouse!John.Thanksforhavingmeover.M:Thankyou,Carol.W:It’sveryclosetowork,isn’tit?M:Yes,itis.Ialwayswalktowork—evenwhenitrains!Thecrowdednessonthebusisadealbreakerforme.W:Iusuallydrivemycar.Ittakessolong!M:Howlongdoesittake?W:Oh,ittakesabout20minutes.M:Thatisalongtime.Well,havesomecake.Iusuallybakesomethingattheweekend.Ilikehavingsweetsinthehouse.W:Thisisdelicious!You’reawonderfulcook!M:Thankyou,it’snothingreally.Doyoucookathome?W:Inevercook.I’mjusthopeless.Myhusband,David,usuallydoesallthecooking.M:Doyouoftengoouttoeat?W:Yes,whenhedoesn’thavetimetocook,wegoouttoeatsomewhere.M:Therearesomewonderfulrestaurantsinthecitythatarenotthatexpensive.W:Yes.Somany!Youcaneatatadifferentrestauranteveryday.Monday—Chinese,Tuesday—Italian,Wednesday—Mexican,onandon...听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17WheredoesThomasManningwork?A.IntheGuinnessCompany.B.Ataradiostation.C.Inamuseum.18.Wheredidtheideaofabookofrecordscomefrom?A.Abird-shootingtrip.B.AvisittoEurope.C.Atelevisiontalkshow.19WhendidSirHugh’sfirstbookofrecordsappear?A.In1875. B.In1950. C.In1955.20.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtotalkaboutnext?A.Morerecordsofunusualfacts.B.Thefounderofthecompany.C.Theoldestpersonintheworld.【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACOVID-19vaccinations(接种)areunderway.AnthonyFauci,directoroftheNationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDisease,hassaidthatabout75%to90%ofAmericanswillneedtobevaccinatedtoreachherdimmunity(群体免疫)intheUnitedStates.Publichealthexpertsrecommendedastagedapproachtovaccination.Demandforthevaccineexceededcapacityinthebeginning.Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand;however,publicinterestingettingvaccinatedhasbeenwaning.TheU.S.adoptedthefollowingstagedapproach,butbyMay1,2024,mostofthecountryhadalreadyreachedstage2.Stagelaincludeshealthcarepersonnelandresidentsofnursinghomesandassistedlivingfacilities.StagelavaccinationsbeganinDecember2024.Stage1bincludesfrontlineessentialworkers:policeofficers;foodandagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,andmanufacturingworkers;teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeopleaged65andoldertosignupforthevaccine.SmestatesbeganStage1bvaccinationsduringthesecondfullweekofJanuary2024.Stage1cincludespeopleaged65.to74andpeopleaged16to64whohavepotentialhealthconditionsthatincreasetheriskofCOVIDcomplications.Essentialworkersofanyageinthetransportation,logistics,foodservice,construction,communications,informationtechnology,energy,law,media,publicsafety,andpublichealthsectorsarealsoinStagelc.ManystateswereabletovaccinateStagelcinMarchandApril.Stage2includesallotherpeopleaged16andolder.ACOVID-19vaccineisnowauthorizedforteensaged12andolder.Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact415-578-7342.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waning”inparagraph1mean?A.Increasing. B.Decreasing. C.Changing. D.Improving.22.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ManystatesoftheU.S.areabletoreachstagelcbeforeJanuary,2024.B.TheU.S.planstovaccinateallpeopleaged12andolderattheendofthetwostages.C.Toreachherdimmunity,morethan90%ofAmericanswillneedtobevaccinated.D.Instage1bamanaged66cangetvaccinatedinsomestatesofAmerica.23.Whereisthetextprobablytaken?A.Anannouncement. B.Abiologytextbook.C.Anewsreport. D.Amedicaljournal.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是美国分阶段接种新冠疫苗的相关信息。【21题详解】词句揣测题。依据第一段的“Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand(疫苗制造商增加生产以满意需求)”及后面的however表转折可知，疫苗制造商增加生产以满意需求；然而，公众对接种疫苗的爱好正在减弱。由此推知，划线词waning的意思是“削减”，即Decreasing。故选B。【22题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段的“Stage1bincludesfrontlineessentialworkers:policeofficers;foodandagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,andmanufacturingworkers;teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeopleaged65andoldertosignupforthevaccine.(第1b阶段包括前线的重要工作人员：警务人员；食品和农业、邮政、日托、杂货店、公共交通和制造业工人；老师；以及75岁以上的人。一些州允许65岁及以上的人注册接种疫苗)”可知，在1b阶段，在美国的一些州，66岁的男子可以接种疫苗。故选D。【23题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段的“Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact415-578-7342.(有关疫苗注射的更多信息，请联系415-578-7342)”可知，主要讲的是美国分阶段接种新冠疫苗的相关信息。由此推知，本文来自于一份公告。故选A。BWhoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let’sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It’ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性别)are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn’ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here’sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors’standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They’reunfair. B.They’reconservative.C.They’reobjective. D.They’restrict.25.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs26.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication.B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors’concepts.D.Changesinpeople’ssocialpositions.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlike B.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligence D.GeniusandLuck【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇争论文。文章由问题“谁是天才?”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”实力。【24题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段的“Itissaidthathistoryiswrittenbyvictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.(据说历史是由成功者书写的，而那些成功者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝。)”可知，作者认为那些“成功者”对进“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公允的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。【25题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段的“Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief.Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.(更糟糕的是，探讨发觉女孩们是依据这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们起先避开那些据说是“特别特别聪慧”的孩子参与的活动。)”可推知，女孩简洁受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己不适合做“聪慧孩子”做的事情。故选D。【26题详解】微小环节理解题。依据最终一段的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.(在一个拥有持续的全球沟通的联网的世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的出现。)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Whoisagenius?(谁是天才)”和最终一段的“Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance,andsimplegeniuses,whoareabletochangetheworld.(我们看得越多，就越会发觉，像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能确定天才的外表。正如一位作家所说，将来的天才来自那些具有“才智、创建力、毅力和那些能够变更世界的简洁天才。)”可知，天才不确定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的一般人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。CReflecting(回忆)onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthatcan’tbereversed(推翻)andbeingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive.ButthereareafewthingsinlifeI’dprobablydodifferentlyifIhadthechance.Ioncemajoredinarchitecture—somethingIhadbeencrazyaboutforaslongasIcouldremember—andthenIsuddenlyhadachangeofheart.Imadeanappointmentwithmyadviser,andtoldhimIwasnolongercertainIwantedtopursueacareerinarchitecture.“Don’tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!”“He’sright,”Ithought.“IshouldjuststickitoutandIshouldn’tdisappointthelittlegirlwhooncelovedarchitecture.”Itwasawful.Iwasagonized,holdingontoachildhooddreamthathadlongsincefaded.WhenItalkedwithafriendaboutitayearlater,heasked:“Rightnow,whatdoyouwanttodowithyourlife?”That’swhenIcametotherealizationthatdreamschangeovertimeandthatyoushouldgiveupthechildhooddreamifit’snotwhatyouwantasanadult.Luckily,itwasn’ttoolate.Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism.Itwasn’tsomethingIhadalwaysimaginedmyselfpursuing—butatthatmoment,itwaswhatIwanted.Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange—andthat’sperfectlyOK.Youjustneedtoaskyourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Iftheanswerisno,moveonandstartchasinganewone.28.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestinParagraph1?A.Pastactionsshouldbetreasured.B.It’sunwisetoregretallthetime.C.Lifewouldbedullwithout“Whatif?”D.Wemakebetterdecisionsbylookingback.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“agonized”inParagraph4mean?A.Proud B.Determined C.Unregretful D.Painful30.Whydidn’ttheauthorchangehermajorimmediately?A.ChangingamajorwasuncommonB.HeradvisorforcedhernottodothatC.Shethoughtitabetrayal(背叛)ofheryoungerselfD.Shedidn’twantherchildhooddreamtofade.31.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?A.Don’tfollowothers’careeradviceB.It’sOKtoswitchtoourreallove.C.ImproveusbeforerealizingourdreamD.Childhooddreamsarehardtoinsiston【答案】28.B29.D30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。本文讲解并描述懊悔是没有什么用的，假如这样的生活或专业不是你所想要的，大胆选择你爱的。【28题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段提到“Reflecting(回忆)onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthatcan’tbereversed(推翻)andbeingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive(反思过去那些无法逆转的确定或行为，并满脑子都是“假如……会怎么样?”这不是生活的方式。)”可知，作者认为总是懊悔是不明智的，故选B项。【29题详解】词句揣测题。依据第四段提到的“Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism(经过一番细致的思索，我改学新闻专业了。)”可知，经过慎重的思索我变更的专业，可知我现在很苦痛，划线词与D项意思相近。故选D项。【30题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Don’tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!”“He’sright,”Ithought.“IshouldjuststickitoutandIshouldn’tdisappointthelittlegirlwhooncelovedarchitecture(“不要放弃你童年的幻想!”“他说得对，”我想。“我应当坚持下去，我不应当让曾经酷爱建筑的小女孩悲观。”)”可知,作者在听了导师的话之后觉得他(导师)是对的,她应当坚持下去,不应当让那个曾经酷爱建筑学的小女孩悲观。故可推断出,作者不宠爱学习建筑学却不立即换专业的缘由是她认为换专业就是放弃了童年的幻想,背叛了童年时的自己，故选C项。【31题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段提到“Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange—andthat’sperfectlyOK.Youjustneedtoaskyourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Iftheanswerisno,moveonandstartchasinganewone.(我们长大了，有时我们的幻想会变更——这完全没问题。你只须要时时常问问自己，“这还是我想要的吗?”假如答案是否定的，那就接着前进，起先追求新的目标。)”可知，最终一段说到我们在成长,有时我们的幻想也会变更,那完全正常。你只须要间或问问自己“这还是我想要的吗?”,假如答案是否定的,那么我们就应当放手并起先追寻我们真正的爱，故选B项。DLifeintheClearTransparentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthroughawindow.Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3300feetasfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch.SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheirlifealone.Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey’reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseatingthem.”Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomesee-through?Itstrickierthanyoumightthink.Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecausetheyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravelsinastraightline.Butsomematerialsslowandscatter(散射)light,bouncingitawayfromitsoriginalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.Bothscatteringandabsorptionmakeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.Butatransparentobjectdoesn’tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch.Lightcanpassthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatransparentobjectdoesn’tlookverydifferentfromthesurroundingairorwater.Youdon’tseeityouseethethingsbehindit.Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheycontainpigments(色素)thatabsorbspecificcolorsoflight.Butatransparentanimaldoesn’thavepigments,soitstissueswon’tabsorblight.AccordingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchallengeispreventinglightfromscattering.Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterialsskin,fat,andmoreandlightmovesthrougheachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsandscatters.Transparentanimalsusedifferenttrickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimplyverysmallorextremelyflat.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee-through.Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly-like(果冻状的)materialandspreadthemselvesoverit.Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.Theyneedtolookuniform.Buthowthey’redoingitisstillunknown.Onethingisclear:fortheselargeranimals,stayingtransparentisanactiveprocess.Whentheydie,theyturnanon-transparentmilkywhite.32.AccordingtoParagraph1,transparentanimals.A.stayingroups B.canbeeasilydamagedC.appearonlyindeepocean D.arebeautifulcreatures33.Theunderlinedword“dead”inParagraph3means.A.silently B.graduallyC.regularly D.completely34.Onewayforananimaltobecometransparentisto.A.changethedirectionoflighttravel B.gathermaterialstoscatterlightC.avoidtheabsorptionoflight D.growbiggertostoplight35.Thelastparagraphtellsusthatlargertransparentanimals.A.movemoreslowlyindeepwaterB.staysee-throughevenafterdeathC.producemoretissuesfortheirsurvivalD.takeeffectiveactiontoreducelightspreading【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明白生活在海洋的透亮生物的特点，透亮原理，以及形成机制。【32题详解】微小环节理解题。依据文章第一段第三行“Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimpletouch”可知，透亮动物是很简洁受伤。故选B。【33题详解】词义揣测题。该词出现在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而另外一种是对光线的吸取。既然吸取了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻挡了，因此这里dead是完全的意思。故选D。【34题详解】推理推断题。依据第五段第一句“Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.”可知，想变透亮就要避开散射或吸取光线，因此其中的一个方法是C选项，避开光线的吸取。故选C。【35题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段第一句中的“Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.”可知，体型较大的透亮动物面临的挑战最大，因为它们必需让体内全部不同的组织减缓光线的速度，就像减缓水的速度一样。由此推断出，他在最终一段告知我们，更大的透亮动物会实行有效的行动来削减光的扩散。故选D。其次节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mindfulness(正念)isdefinedasturningyourattentioninwardandbeingawareofyourthoughts,feelings,andenvironment.Ithasbeenpopularinrecentyears.____36____Itcanhelplowerstress,reduceanxiety,increaseaperson’sabilitytoenjoypositiveexperiences,andmore.Hereareafewwaystopracticemindfulness.Listentomusic____37____.Gettinglostinagoodsongisaneffectivewaytopracticemindfulness.Beforelisteningtoyourfavoritealbum,considerwhatyou’refocusingyourattentionon.Thatway,you’llbeabletotellifyourmindstartstowander.WalkyourdogSayyou’reheadingoutsidewithyourpet.Insteadofthinkingabouttheworkdayahead,stayfocusedonthepresent.Noticeyourdog’stailwagging(摇摆)andthesoundsofhisbreath.____38____.FocusonyourmovementsAsyouwalkintotheofficeinthemorning,focusonlyonyourmovements.____39____andrepeatthewords“lifting,moving,placing,shifting”.Doingsowillhelpavoidunwelcomeworries.FeelthenatureResearchsuggeststhatspendingevenalittletimeinnaturepromoteshappinessandattentiveness.Ifyouwanttogetmindfulinnature,headtoaparkforawalkorrun.____40____.Ifyouchoosesight,forexample,askyourself:Whatareyouseeingandwhatcolorsarenoticeable?A.PickonesensetofocusonB.AmindfulnesspracticecanbenefityoualotC.Soundcangiveyouenergy,calmness,orbothD.ApersoncanpracticemindfulnessinanyactivityE.OurmindstendtofocusonworriesaboutthefutureF.PayspecialattentiontoyourfeetastheytouchthegroundG.Anytimeyourmindwanders,quicklybringyourattentionbacktoyourpet【答案】36.B37.C38.G39.F40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正念以及练习正念的方法。【36题详解】依据下文“Itcanhelplowerstress,reduceanxiety,increaseaperson’sabilitytoenjoypositiveexperiences,andmore.(它可以帮助减轻压力，削减焦虑，增加一个人享受主动阅历的实力，等等。)”可知，下文详细讲解并描述了正念的好处。选项B“Amindfulnesspracticecanbenefityoualot(正念练习可以让你受益匪浅)”因此下文正念的详细好处，与下文内容一样。故选B。【37题详解】依据空后内容“Gettinglostinagoodsongisaneffectivewaytopracticemindfulness.Beforelisteningtoyourfavoritealbum,considerwhatyou’refocusingyourattentionon.(沉醉在一首好歌中是练习专注力的有效方法。在听你最宠爱的专辑之前，考虑一下你的留意力集中在什么上。)”可知，空后讲解并描述的是听音乐是练习专注力的好方法。选项C“Soundcangiveyouenergy,calmness,orboth(声音可以给你能量，安静，或者两者兼而有之)”与下文内容一样，指的是声音可以给你能量和安静；同时引出下文，指出正因为声音可以给你能量和安静，所以才可以选择听音乐来练习正念。故选C。【38题详解】依据上文“Sayyou’reheadingoutsidewithyourpet.Insteadofthinkingabouttheworkdayahead,stayfocusedonthepresent.Noticeyourdog’stailwagging(摇摆)andthesoundsofhisbreath.(假设你要带着你的宠物出去。与其想着明天的工作，不如专注于当下。留意你的狗摇尾巴和呼吸的声音。)”可知，上文讲解并描述的是遛狗可以帮助练习正念，当带着宠物的时候，将专注力放在宠物身上。选项G“Anytimeyourmindwanders,quicklybringyourattentionbacktoyourpet(任何时候当你走神的时候，快速把你的留意力拉回到你的宠物身上)”与上文内容一样，指的都是将留意力放在宠物身上，以此来练习正念。故选G。【39题详解】依据空前内容“Asyouwalkintotheofficeinthemorning,focusonlyonyourmovements.(当你早上走进办公室时，只关注你的动作。)”可知，上文指的是专注自己的动作。选项F“Payspecialattentiontoyourfeetastheytouchtheground(当你的脚接触地面时，要特别留意)”与上文内容一样，指的都是专注于自己的动作；同时“payspecialattention”与下文的“repeatthewords“lifting,moving,placing,shifting”.(并重复单词“举、动、放、移”。)”相一样，指的都是留意自己脚的动作。故选F。【40题详解】依据空后内容“Ifyouchoosesight,forexample,askyourself:Whatareyouseeingandwhatcolorsarenoticeable?(例如，假如你选择视觉，问问自己：你看到了什么，什么颜色是值得留意的？)”可知，下文指的是假如选择视觉就问问自己看到的东西，以及应当留意什么颜色。选项A“Pickonesensetofocuson(选择一个感官来关注)”引出下文的“Ifyouchoosesight”，与下文内容一样。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Apreschoolteacherdecidedtoaddaveryspecialpersontoherlistofstudents:Herbeloveddad!Whenteachingkidshowtoreadandwrite,LucyFloreshashasgivenmore___41___aboutthefactthatherdadneverevenhadthe___42___tolearnhowtowritehisownname.Forthisreason,shedecidedshecouldbethe___43___teacherforhim!LucysaysherSpanish-speakingdad,Luciano,wasalittle___44___atfirst.Hisdesiretolearn,___45___,wasgreaterthananythingandsothe___46___began!LucypostedaTikTokvideoofherdadwherehewas___47___howtowritehisname,whichnowhasmorethantwomillion___48___-andcounting!Shealsopostedavideowhereshe___49___alittlebitaboutherfather’sbackground.HerdadwasborninMexicoandhada____50____childhood.Becauseofpoverty,hehadtodropoutofschoolafterfirstgradesothathecouldworktohelp____51____hisfamily.At15,hemovedtotheStates.Eversincethen,he’sbeenworkingin____52____.Becauseit’snotsomethingwherehehastowritefrequently.“Overall,I’msoexcitedthathechoseto____53____tolearn.”saidLucy.Lucygivesherdadwritinglessonsthreedaysaweekfortwohours,andthehardworkhas____54____Lucianocannowwritehisnameandisevenstartingtoreadbooks!Hisstoryhas____55____touchedthousandsofheartsandprovesthatitisnevertoolatetolearn.41.A.impression B.sense C.argument D.thought42.A.potential B.competence C.opportunity D.passion43.A.famous B.perfect C.necessary D.mysterious44.A.hesitant B.patient C.voluntary D.disappointed45.A.meanwhile B.therefore C.otherwise D.however46.A.games B.speeches C.lessons D.adventures47.A.practicing B.teaching C.proving D.examining48.A.concerns B.views C.requests D.answers49.A.admitted B.created C.shared D.designed50.A.tough B.different C.happy D.special51.A.inform B.support C.provide D.follow52.A.construction B.location C.bank D.school53.A.schedule B.promise C.recite D.want54.A.kepton