新教材2024高考英语二轮专题复习小题天天必练阅读理解题型分类练十三

阅读理解题型分类练(十三)词句揣测题——句意揣测类A[2024·济宁市高考模拟]When76­year­oldAntoinette­MarieWilliamsplayed17­year­oldEmmettDanielsinchessforthefirsttime,she__gave__Daniels__a__run__for__his__money.PairedthroughDOROT,aNewYorkorganizationwhichwaslaunchedin1976,theyareaperfectmatch.“Iwasagoodopponentforhim.Idon'tthinkheexpectedit.”WilliamstoldtheCVSHealthblogFortuneWell.TheirweeklygameshaveledDanielsandWilliamstoacross­generationalrelationshipthattheybothenjoy.WilliamsandDaniels'relationshipdisprovestheideathatpeopleofdifferentgenerationshavelittleincommon.Sinceitsfounding,DOROThasachievedareputationofexcellenceandinnovationinthefieldsofagingservices.Volunteersofyoungagesoffercriticalresourcestoolderadults,inservicesspecifictotheperson'sneedsandinterests,withtheultimategoaloflesseninglonelinessoftheold.Lonelinesshasbeenrecognizedasasignificantsocialissueformanyyears,buttheclassificationoflonelinessasanepidemic(流行病)hasemergedonlyinrecentyears.In2024,theUKgovernmentappointedaMinisterforLoneliness,highlightingtheincreasingconcernaroundtheissue.Thisfollowedthepublicationofthe2017reportbytheJoCoxLonelinessCommission,whichfoundthatlonelinesswasagrowingsocialepidemicandcalledforanationalstrategytoaddresstheissue.Fortunately,therearewaystobattleloneliness,includingtheinterventioninthelivesofisolatedseniorsbyorganizationslikeDOROT.Itadvocatesbuildingasupportnetworkbyreachingouttofamilyandfriends,joiningacommunityorsocialgroup,orvolunteeringtoconnectwithlike­mindedpeople.TheconnectionbetweenWilliamsandDanielsshowsthattheseinter­generationalrelationshipsplayanimportantroleinreducinglonelinessandaddingjoytothelivesofalltheparticipants,youngandold.Anotherwaytobattlelonelinessistousetechnologytostayconnectedwithlovedoneswhichfostersmeaningandpurposethroughonlineactivitiesandconversations.Practicingself­careisalsoencouraged,asisbeingpatientbecausestrongrelationshipstaketimeandefforttocreate.1．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraphlprobablymean?A．ShehadarunningracewithDaniels.B．Danielsfeltdisappointed.C．Danielshadatoughwin.D．ShegaveDanielsmoneyasagiftofgreeting.2．WhatisthepurposeofDOROT?A．Tomaketechnologicalinnovation.B．Toenhancethelivingstandardsoftheelderly.C．Toofferjobopportunitiesforpeopleofallages.D.Toprovideseniorswithinter­generationalconnection.3．WhatdoestheauthortrytostressinParagraph3?A．Thesolutiontoloneliness.B．Therootcauseofloneliness.C．Theclassificationofloneliness.D．Thegrowingattentiontoloneliness.4．Inwhichsectionofanewspaperdoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?A．SocietyWatch.B．NewsExpress.C．PageTurner.D．ScienceStudy.B[2024·辽宁省试验中学第五次模拟]IfIhaveagoalinlife,itisn'ttobedrivingaRolls­Royce.It'stobegivingawaymorethan$1，000，000ayearandhavinganimpactonpeople'slives.IhavethesuccesstodaybecauseIalwayshadtoworkforwhatIwanted.Igrewupaccustomedtorisksanddisappointments,soIwasusedtomovingforward,nomatterwhat.In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhereItriedtogethiredasanagent,ananalystandafinancialbroker.Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.Theworld'seconomywasinabadstate,soIknewIwouldhavetodo__a__little__spinning__of__my__own．Youthinvolvesacertaininnocencebutalsoperseverance.Theword“can't”wasn'tinmyvocabulary.IpartneredwithafriendbuyingdistressedmultifamilypropertiesaroundHouston.Eventhoughwewereenthusiasticandbackedwithstart­upsums,Ididn'tmakeadealwork.Myfriendmovedontootherprojects.Alone,Iputallmymoneyintothenextreal­estateproject.Iputthetimein,Idreamedit,butonceagainthedealfellthrough.Twomonthslater,though,thedealcamebackaround.Thatwaswhenthepathopened,luckchanged,andIwasreadytoformmyowncompany.Ihaven'tlookedback.Onlyahead.I'mnowabletogivebacktocommunitiesandcauses.Idonateabout$500，000ayear,muchofthatgoingtoresearchtocurerarediseases.WealsosupportalotofservicesfordisadvantagedchildreninHoustonandotherplaces.Ihavealwaysbeensomeonewhocanseethebigpictureandhaveneverbeendistractedbythingsthatgetintheway.Therearelessonstobelearned,andthebiggestofthoseistokeepgoing.Youmayhavetochangethepath,butalwayskeepthatvisioninfrontofyou.5．Whichofthefollowingabouttheauthoristrue?A．Hedonatedalotofmoneytoimprovehiscompany'simage.B．Heoftenencountereddifficultiesintheprocessofgrowingup.C．Hestartedhisowncompanytogetherwithafriend.D．HechangedjobsseveraltimeswhileinLosAngeles.6．Bysaying“do__a__little__spinning__of__my__own”inthesecondparagraph,theauthorprobablymeanshewould________．A．lookforapart­timejobindependentlyB．makehiscontributionstotheeconomyC．giveintothedisappointingrealityD．beself­employedtodevelophiscareer7．Whichqualityoftheauthorisnotshowninthepassage?A．Perseverance.B．Optimism.C．Innocence.D．Kindness.8．Whichoneisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?A．SayingNoto“TurningBack”B．TipsforaSuccessfulBusinessC．JumpingoverEconomicDownturnsD．ALife­timePursuitofDreamC[2024·辽宁省鞍山市高三质量监测]Wehavelongbeenattractedbyquicksolutionsthatcouldincreaseourintelligence.Today,people'shopeslieinbraintrainingapps,someofwhichclaimtoresultin“smarterminds”.Butisthisquicksolutionallitissaidtobe?Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算术),memorytestsandlogicandpattern­matchingproblemsintoquickgames.Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini­games,thesmarteryouwillget.Itisreallyabigpromise.Manyoftheappssaytheyarebasedon“science”，aclaimIfoundsurprisingasaformerneuroscientist(神经系统科学家).Theconceptthatincreasingintelligencewouldbeassimpleaspracticingafewmini­gameseverydayflies__in__the__face__ofwhatwehavediscoveredabouthowhumansthinkandlearn.Aftersurveyingthousandsofusersacrossawidevarietyofapps,researchersatWesternUniversityinCanadadiscoveredthatbraintraininghadnogreateffectoncognitive(认知的)functioningintherealworld.Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini­gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills.Ifyouareexpectingthemtoimproveyourabilitytowriteanovelormakeacomplexcomputerprogram,Iamafraidyouwillwanttolookelsewhere.Puzzlevideogamessuchas“BabaIsYou”and“ReturnoftheObraDinn”，seeplayersapplytheirskillatlogic,memoryandconcentrationinafarmorecomplexwaythananybraintrainingmini­game.9．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutbraintrainingapps?A.Theyhavescientificsupport.B．Theyworkintheformofgames.C．Theyrequireproblem­solvingskills.D．Theyarebasedoncomplexarithmetic.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“fliesinthefaceof”inParagraph3mean?A．Goesintodetailsof.B．Takesadvantageof.C．Goesagainst.D．Comesfrom.11．Whichbestdescribestheeffectsthatbraintrainingappshaveonmemory?A．Limited.B．Indirect.C．Damaging.D．Far­reaching.12．Whatistheauthor'sattitudeto“BabaIsYou”？A．Doubtful.B．Intolerant.C．Uninterested.D．Favorable.[答题区]题号123456789101112答案阅读理解题型分类练(十三)A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在老龄化服务领域取得了卓越和创新的声誉的DOROT。1．答案与解析：C词句揣测题。依据第一段中“Iwasagoodopponentforhim.Idon'tthinkheexpectedit.”可知，对于17岁的EmmettDaniels来说，他没有想到76岁的Antoinette­MarieWilliams在围棋方面的技艺超群，因此画线句的含义为“Daniels赢得很辛苦。”故选C。2．答案与解析：D推理推断题。依据第一段中“TheirweeklygameshaveledDanielsandWilliamstoacross­generationalrelationshipthattheybothenjoy.”其次段“Sinceitsfounding,DOROThasachievedareputationofexcellenceandinnovationinthefieldsofagingservices.Volunteersofyoungagesoffercriticalresourcestoolderadults,inservicesspecifictotheperson'sneedsandinterests,withtheultimategoaloflesseninglonelinessoftheold.”可知，DOROT从建立起先在老龄化服务领域就取得了卓越和创新的声誉，通过活动，帮助老人和年轻人建立了彼此都宠爱的跨代关系，即：其目的是为老年人供应代际联系，故选D。3．答案与解析：D推理推断题。依据第三段可知，英国政府通过任命特地人员来解决老年人孤独问题，突显了人们对这一问题的日益关注，因而作者在本段主要强调政府对老人孤独问题的关注。故选D。4．答案与解析：A推理推断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了在老龄化服务领域取得了卓越和创新的声誉的DOROT，同时在第三段中也提到了政府对老人孤独问题的关注。因而文章主要描述的是老龄化的孤独问题，所以文章可能来自“社会关注”版块，故选A。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者在成长过程中常常遇到困难，所以无论发生什么，都习惯了勇往直前。5．答案与解析：B微小环节理解题。依据第一段中“Igrewupaccustomedtorisksanddisappointments,soIwasusedtomovingforward,nomatterwhat.”可知，B选项“他在成长过程中常常遇到困难”正确。6．答案与解析：D词句揣测题。依据其次段中“In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhereItriedtogethiredasanagent,ananalystandafinancialbroker.Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.”可知，当时世界经济状况很糟糕，所以作者要自主创业来发展自己的事业。由此推知，画线部分意思是“自主创业来发展自己的事业”。故选D。7．答案与解析：C微小环节理解题。依据第三段中“Youthinvolvesacertaininnocencebutalsoperseverance.Theword‘can't’wasn'tinmyvocabulary.”以及倒数其次段中“I'mnowabletogivebacktocommunitiesandcauses.Idonateabout$500，000ayear,muchofthatgoingtoresearchtocurerarediseases.”可知，作者单纯的品质在文章中没有表现出来。故选C。8．答案与解析：A主旨大意题。依据最终一段“Therearelessonstobelearned,andthebiggestofthoseistokeepgoing.Youmayhavetochangethepath,butalwayskeepthatvisioninfrontofyou.”及全文可知，文章主要讲解并描述了作者在成长过程中常常遇到困难，所以习惯了勇往直前，无论发生什么。由此可知，A选项“拒绝‘回头’”最符合文章标题。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇争论文。文章探讨了大脑训练应用程序在提高认知实力和智力方面的有效性，说明白虽然这些应用程序可以提高一些特定技能，例如算术和记忆实力，但对其他技能的好处有限，并且它们的整体有效性是值得怀疑的。作者还建议，解谜视频嬉戏可能供应了一种更困难和有效的训练认知实力的方式。9．答案与解析：B微小环节理解题。依据其次段中“Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算术),memorytestsandlogicandpattern­matchingproblemsintoquickgames.”可知，脑力训练应用程序的共同点是：把简洁的算术、记忆测试、逻辑匹配等脑力练习变成了快速嬉戏，它们以嬉戏的形式发挥作用。10．答案与解析：C词句揣测题。依据其次段中“Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini­games,the