2024年新课标全国Ⅱ卷高考英语试题答案

2024年新课标全国Ⅱ卷英语（含听力）一、阅读理解ChoiceofWalksforBeginnerandExperiencedWalkersTheCarlowAutumnWalkingFestivalisagreatopportunityforthebeginner,experiencedoradvancedwalkertoenjoythechallengesofCarlow’smountainhikesorthepeaceofitswoodlandwalks.Walk1—TheNaturalWorldWithenvironmentalistÉannaLamhnaastheguide,thiswalkpromisestobeaninformativetour.WalkersaresuretolearnlotsaboutthehabitatsandnaturalworldoftheBlackstairs.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at09:00StartPoint:ScratoesBridgeWalkDuration:6hoursWalk2—IntroductiontoHillwalkingEmmanuelChappard,anexperiencedguide,hasapassionformakingthegreatoutdoorsaccessibletoall.Thismountainwalkprovidesaninsightintotheskillsrequiredforhillwalkingtoensureyougetthemostfromfuturewalkingtrips.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at09:00StartPoint:DeerparkCarParkWalkDuration:5hoursWalk3—MoonlightUndertheStarsWalkingatnight-timeisagreatwaytostepoutofyourcomfortzone.BreathtakingviewsofthelowlandsofCarlowcanbeenjoyedinthepresenceofwelcomingguidesfromlocalwalkingclubs.Atorch(手电筒)alongwithsuitableclothingisessentialforwalkinginthedark.Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.DateandTime:Saturday,1stOctober,at18:30StartPoint:TheTownHallWalkDuration:3hoursWalk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForestThisinformativewalkledbyRichardSmythintroducesyoutothebasicprinciplesofphotographyinthewild.Bringalongyourcameraandenjoythewonderfulviewsalongthiswell-surfacedforestpath.DateandTime:Sunday,2ndOctober,at11:45StartPoint:KilbrannishForestRecreationAreaWalkDuration:1.5hours1．Whichwalktakestheshortesttime?A．TheNaturalWorld. B．IntroductiontoHillwalking.C．MoonlightUndertheStars. D．PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest.2．WhatareparticipantsinWalk3requiredtodo?A．Wearproperclothes. B．Joinawalkingclub.C．Getspecialpermits. D．Bringasurvivalguide.3．Whatdothefourwalkshaveincommon?A．Theyinvolvedifficultclimbing. B．Theyareforexperiencedwalkers.C．Theysharethesamestartpoint. D．Theyarescheduledfortheweekend.【答案】1．D2．A3．D【解析】1．根据文章所给出的四种方案中的“WalkDuration(步行时间)”部分比较可知，“Walk4—PhotographicWalkinKilbrannishForest(步行4——基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间是1.5小时，用时最短。故选D。2．根据文章“Walk3—MoonlightUndertheStars(步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的“Thosewhoaredressedinappropriatelywillberefusedpermissiontoparticipate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加)”可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选A。3．根据四种步行方案中的“DateandTime(日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安排在周末。故选D。Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.“Youenterthefaregates(检票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”It’sthatsimple.Ridershaveprintednearly20,000shortstoriesandpoemssincetheprogramwaslaunchedlastMarch.Someareclassicshortstories,andsomeareneworiginalworks.Trostalsowantstointroducelocalwriterstolocalriders.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120submissions.Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.”Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshortstoriessavetransit?Trostthinksso.“Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.Andyou’llneverbewithoutsomethingtoread.4．WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?A．Topromotethelocalculture. B．Todiscouragephoneuse.C．Tomeetpassengers’needs. D．Toreduceitsrunningcosts.5．Howarethestoriescategorizedinthekiosk?A．Bypopularity. B．Bylength.C．Bytheme. D．Bylanguage.6．WhathasTrostbeendoingrecently?A．Organizingastorycontest. B．Doingasurveyofcustomers.C．Choosingaprintpublisher. D．Conductinginterviewswithartists.7．WhatisTrost’sopinionaboutBART’sfuture?A．Itwillclosedown. B．Itsprofitswilldecline.C．Itwillexpandnationwide. D．Itsridershipwillincrease.【答案】4．C5．B6．A7．D【解析】4．根据第三段““Youenterthefaregates(检票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit-knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官AliciaTrost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C。5．根据第三段“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B。6．根据第五段“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.(获奖故事会进入我们的书报亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入书报亭供乘客阅读。故选A。7．根据倒数第二段““Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D。Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer’smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservealargeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens.Specifically,it’safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit’seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there’snoneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment.BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.8．WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?A．Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood. B．Itrequiresday-to-daycare.C．Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance. D．Itreliesonfarmer’smarkets.9．Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A．Real-timeweatherchanges. B．Currentconditionoftheplants.C．Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil. D．Availabilityofpre-seededpods.10．WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A．Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B．Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C．Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.D．Theyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．BMF’smajorstrengths. B．BMF’sgeneralmanagement.C．BMF’sglobalinfluence. D．BMF’stechnicalstandards.【答案】8．C9．B10．D11．A【解析】8．根据第一段“Whilefarmer’smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.(虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”可知，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）进一步缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。9．根据第三段“Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.(此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据)”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选B。10．根据最后一段“BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.(BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。11．根据第一段“Whilefarmer’smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.(虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.(通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.(BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow-severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.Campbell’spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI-thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders-sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAltopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.12．Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated. B．Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.C．Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent. D．Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.13．WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesignaccordingtothetext?A．Itispackedwithcomplexcodes. B．Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.C．Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions. D．ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.14．WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?A．Observeexistingregulationsonit.B．Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.C．Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.D．Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.15．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．TorecommendabookonAI. B．TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C．ToclarifythedefinitionofAI. D．TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.【答案】12．C13．B14．C15．A【解析】12．根据文章第二段“suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.(这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示“如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C。13．根据文章第二段“thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.(值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B。14．根据文章倒数第二段“Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.(她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章最后一段“WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.(我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C。15．根据文章第一段“GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).(考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.(人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了CatrionaCampbell所著AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A。OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.16Certainlynot.Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.17●Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it’sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.18Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?●19Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You’llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.Visitingaplacethatotherscallhomeisaprivilege(荣幸).Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.20Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.A．Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B．So,shouldwestoptraveling?C．Travelforyouandnooneelse.D．Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E．Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F．You’llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G．Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.【答案】16．B17．C18．E19．A20．G【解析】16．根据下文Certainlynot(当然不是。〕可知前面是问句，只有B和D选项可选，根据下文Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday'sworld.(在当今世界，失去旅游所提供的东西是不可接受的。)可知上文所问的是关于停止旅游的问题，选项B“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗?”B项正确。故选B。17．前文“Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议。C项正确。故选C。18．前文“Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?(为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”。E项正确。故选E。19．根据后文“Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。A项正确。故选A。20．前文“Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下。G项正确。故选G。二、完形填空WhenIdecidedtobuyahouseinEuropetenyearsago,Ididn'tthinktoolong.IlikedtravelinginFrance,butwhenitcametopickingmyfavoritespotto21,Italywastheclearwinner.DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I22toaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.ButeverytimeItriedto23asentenceofItaliantogether,thelocalssmiledatmeand24mylanguageskills.Thatencouragementhelpedmetogetthroughthelanguage25.AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome,Idiscoveredhow26Italiansare.Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoorto27metoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.It'sthesesmall28ofkindnessthatmakeanewcountryfeellikehome.Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach,andnowherefuelsmy29quitelikeItaly.Eachtownhasitsowntraditional30,andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.Families31forbigmealsonSundays,birthdays,andwhateverotherexcusestheycan32.Thesemealsarealways33bylaughterandjoy.Whatever34lifeinItalymighthave,theproblemsare35onceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.21．A．study B．rent C．visit D．settle22．A．planned B．struggled C．refused D．happened23．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match24．A．improved B．assessed C．admired D．praised25．A．course B．barrier C．area D．test26．A．open-minded B．strong-willed C．warm-hearted D．well-informed27．A．remind B．allow C．persuade D．order28．A．tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties29．A．ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth30．A．costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale31．A．gather B．cheer C．leave D．wait32．A．putupwith B．standupfor C．comeupwith D．makeupfor33．A．signaled B．confirmed C．represented D．accompanied34．A．disadvantages B．meanings C．surprises D．opportunities35．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified【答案】21．D22．B23．A24．D25．B26．C27．A28．C29．C30．B31．A32．C33．D34．A35．B【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析，句意：我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的定居地点时，意大利显然是赢家。A.study学习；B.rent租金；C.visit游览；D.settle定居。根据下文“AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome”以及“makeanewcountryfeellikehome”可推知，此处指作者最喜欢的定居地点。故选D。22．考查动词词义辨析，句意：在我第一次访问意大利时，我很难问路或在餐馆点餐。A.planned计划；B.struggled斗争、吃力地进行；C.refused拒绝；D.happened出现、发生。根据上文“DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。23．考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A.string串起、连成一串；B.hang悬挂；C.mix混合；D.match配对。根据下文“asentenceofItaliantogether”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析，句意：我试着把一个意大利语句子串在一起，当地人对我微笑，称赞我的语言技能。A.improved改进；B.assessed评估；C.admired钦佩；D.praised赞扬。根据上文“thelocalssmiledatme”以及下文“Thatencouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。25．考查名词词义辨析，句意：这种鼓励帮助我克服了语言障碍。A.course课程；B.barrier障碍；C.area区域；D.test测试。根据上文“thelocalssmiledatmeandpraisedmylanguageskills.Thatencouragementhelpedme”可推知，此处指当地人对作者的鼓励帮助他克服了语言障碍。故选B。26．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：当我把意大利作为永久的家后，我发现了意大利人是多么的热情。A.open-minded思想开明的；B.strong-willed思想坚定的；C.warm-hearted热心的；D.well-informed见多识广的。根据下文邻居的热心行为“Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoor”和“closethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.”可推知，此处指邻居是热情的。故选C。27．考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A.remind提醒；B.allow允许；C.persuade说服；D.order命令。根据上文“Idiscoveredhowwarm-heartedItaliansare”以及下文“willcometomydoor”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。28．考查名词词义辨析，句意：正是这些小小的善举让一个新国家有家的感觉。A.tricks技巧；B.promises承诺；C.acts行为；D.duties职责。根据上文“Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoortoremindmetoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。29．考查名词词义辨析，句意：作为一个美食家，通往我内心的路是通过我的胃，没有什么地方能像意大利那样刺激我的食欲。A.ambition雄心；B.success成功；C.appetite食欲；D.growth发育。根据上文“Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach”可推知，此处指做这是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。30．考查名词词义辨析，句意：每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴，每个家庭都保存着代代相传的食谱。A.costume服装；B.dish菜肴；C.symbol符号；D.tale故事。根据上文“fuelsmyappetite”以及下文“everyfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother”可推知，此处指意大利各地都有传统菜肴。故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.gather集合；B.cheer欢呼；C.leave留下；D.wait等待。根据上文“Families”以及下文“withfriendsandfamily”可推知，此处指一家人聚集在一起吃饭。故选A。32．考查动词短语辨析，句意：一家人在星期天、生日以及他们能想出的任何其他借口聚在一起吃大餐。A.putupwith克服；B.standupfor支持；C.comeupwith想出；D.makeupfor弥补。根据上文“whateverotherexcusestheycan”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出的理由。故选C。33．考查动词词义辨析，句意：这些饭菜总是伴随着笑声和喜悦。A.signaled示意；B.confirmed确认；C.represented代表；D.accompanied伴随。根据下文“bylaughterandjoy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“accompanyby”译为“伴随”。故选D。34．考查名词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A.disadvantages缺点；B.meanings含义；C.surprises惊喜；D.opportunities机会。根据上文“Whatever”以及下文“theproblems”可推知，此处指在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。35．考查动词词义辨析，句意：无论意大利的生活有什么缺点，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃顿大餐，这些问题就会被遗忘。A.created创建；B.forgotten忘记；C.understood理解；D.identified确认。根据上文“WhateverdisadvantageslifeinItalymighthave,theproblems”以及下文“onceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记不愉快。故选B。三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(纪念)TangXianzu,36isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon,WilliamShakespeare’shometown.TangandShakespearewerecontemporariesandbothdiedin1616.Althoughtheycouldneverhavemet,therearecommon37(theme)intheirworks,saidPaulEdmondson,headofresearchfortheShakespeareBirthplaceTrust.“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout38(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomeways39RomeoandJuliet.”AstatuecommemoratingShakespeareandTangwasputupatShakespeare’sBirthplaceGardenin2017.Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,40(inspire)byThePeonyPavilion,41(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.ThoseculturalelementshaveincreasedStratford’sinternational42(visible),saidEdmondson,addingthatvisitorswalkingthroughtheBirthplaceGardenwereoftenamazed43(find)theconnectionbetweenthetwogreatwriters.44(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguage45seehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”【答案】36．who37．themes38．were39．to40．inspired41．wasbuilt42．visibility43．tofind44．Recalling45．and【解析】36．句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“TangXianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。37．句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管PaulEdmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“therebe”句型，为倒装句，由谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。38．句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“someofthethings”，复数。故填were。39．句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：besimilarto，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。40．句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“asix-meter-tallpavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。41．句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Twoyearslater”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“asix-meter-tallpavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wasbuilt。42．句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。43．句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填tofind。44．句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。45．句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“heartheChineselanguage”和空