适用于新高考新教材广西专版2025届高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第一册Unit1PeopleofAchievement阅读题组-练速度新人教版

选择性必修第一册UNIT1阅读题组——练速度(35mins)Ⅰ.阅读A(2024·广东名校高三5月模拟)Fromlife-savingmedicaltechnologiestoeverydayhouseholditems,thesefourbrilliantwomenleftanindeliblemarkonhistorywiththeirinventions.ModernironingboardbySarahBooneBeforetheinvention,clothingusedtobeironedonwoodenplanksbalancedbetweenchairs.Thoughitseemslikeasimpleinvention,Booneputalotofthoughtsintoit,whichwasevidentintheendproduct.Asidefromsolvingtheinitialproblemofunevenironing,Boonealsomadetheironingboard’slegsfoldedforstorageanddesignedacurved(弧形的)shapeforthebodytoaccommodatesleevesandcurvedareas.Alongsideherinvention,BoonealsobecameoneofthefirstAfrican-Americanwomantoreceiveapatent.SilkbyEmpressLeiZuThoughthereisnowayofconfirmingtheaccount,ancientwritings(includingConfucius’)attributethefirstinventionofsilktotheChineseEmpressLeiZu,whowasfourteenatthetimeandhadbeenenjoyingteaintheimperialgardenswhenafatefulincidenttookplace.Acocoon(茧)fellintoherteacupandlostitscohesiveness(黏结性)uponcontactwiththehotwater.ThefactthatthecocoonwasasinglestrandofsilkhaddrawnLeiZu’sattentionandshewovethethreadintofabric,creatingsilkcloth.CallerIDandcallwaitingbyShirleyAnnJacksonDrShirleyAnnJacksonbroketheglassceilingasthefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantobeawardedadoctoratefromMIT.ShecontributedtotheinventionofcallerIDandcallwaitingduringherresearchperiodatAT&TBellLaboratories,sowecannowseethephonenumberandnameofwhoeverisringingourphones.Spray-onskinrepairtechniquebyFionaWoodDrFionaWoodintroducedspray-onskinrepairtechniquetotheworldinthe1990s.Thetechniquechangedthewayinwhichburnvictimsusedtobetreated,asspray-onskinrepairtechniquecanbedirectlyappliedtowoundstoformanewlayerofskinthatpromoteshealingandminimisestheriskofinfection.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahBoone?A.Shelearnedalotfromironing.B.Shesolvedtheproblemofwashing.C.Shecreatedapieceofusefulfurniture.D.Shewasthefirstpersontoreceiveapatent.2.WhatinspiredLeiZutofindsilk?A.Herinterestindrinkingtea.B.Acocoondroppingintohercup.C.Adesiretowritesomethingcrucial.D.Herworkingintheimperialgardens.3.Whomadeacontributiontomedicalcause?A.SarahBoone. B.LeiZu.C.ShirleyAnnJackson. D.FionaWood.BTOKYO,Japan—MakiKaji,69,thecreatorofthepopularnumberspuzzleSudokuwhoselife’sworkwasspreadingthejoyofpuzzles,hasdiedofcancer.Knownasthe“fatherofSudoku”,Kajicreatedthepuzzletobeeasyforchildrenandotherswhodidn’twanttothinktoohard.ItsnameismadeupoftheJapanesecharactersfor“number”and“single”,andplayersplacethenumbers1through9inrows,columnsandblockswithoutrepeatingthem.Ridiculously,itwasn’tuntil2004thatSudokubecameaglobalhit,afterafanfromNewZealandgotitpublishedintheBritishnewspaperTheTimes.Twoyearslater,Japanrediscovereditsownpuzzleasa“reimport”.Kajitravelledtomorethan30countriesspreadinghisenjoymentofpuzzles.Sudokuchampionshipshavedrawnsome200millionpeoplein100countriesovertheyears.Sudokuwasalsonevertrademarked(注册)exceptwithinJapan,drivingitsoverseascraze.BorninthemainnorthernislandofHokkaido,KajistartedJapan’sfirstpuzzlemagazineafterdroppingoutofKeioUniversityinTokyo.HefoundedNikoliin1983,andcameupwiththenameSudokuaboutthesametime.Inrecentyears,Sudoku,believedtobetheworld’smostpopularpencilpuzzle,hascomeoutindigitalversions.“Ourmission(使命)istoseekKaji’swishesandpossibilities,”saidYoshinaoAnpuku,whosucceededKajiasNikoli’schiefexecutive(执行官).MajorJapanesenewspaperMainichicreditedKajiforstartingthepuzzlesectionsatbookstores,aswellasintroducingtheword“Sudoku”intotheOxfordEnglishdictionary.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisridiculous?A.KajiwasthefatherofSudoku.B.Kajisetupapuzzlemagazine.C.Sudokufirstbecamepopularoverseas.D.Sudokuwasspreadwidelyandquickly.5.WhatcanwesayaboutMakiKaji?A.Helikedtravellingalot.B.Hefailedtoentertheuniversity.C.HewasatopplayerinSudoku.D.HewascommittedtoSudokuspreading.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSudokufromthepassage?A.It’snotforoldpeople.B.It’sregisteredabroad.C.ItwasnamedafterKaji.D.Itwentallovertheworld.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.WhatKajiwishedfor.B.WhyKajiwasgreat.C.WhoisKaji’sfollower.D.HowKajiachievedhisgoal.C(2024·河南周口高三5月模拟)BessieMaeKelleywasananimation(动画)pioneer,yetmuchofherstoryandworkwaslosttohistoryandleftundocumented—untilnow.TheincrediblediscoveryofKelley’srichpastwasmadebyMindyJohnson,whospentfiveyearssearchingforevidence.AccordingtoMindyJohnson,KelleywasstudyingartatNewYork’sPrattInstitute,when,asapartofthefirstgenerationofcinema,shefellinlovewiththemedium.Kelleybeganworkingintheindustrydoingmenialjobs,butsheworkedherwayupandshewaseventuallyworkingalongsideMaxFleischer,PaulTerryandWalterLantz,animatorswhowerehouseholdnames.Kelleyhand-drewcartoonsincooperationwithPaulTerryforhisfamedanimatedadaptationofAesop’sFables,includingthemousecouplethatcametobeknownasMiltonandMary.“EvenWaltDisneypubliclystatedthatwhenhebeganhisstudioinKansasCity,hewantedtomakecartoonsasgoodasAesop’sFables,”Johnsonsaid.Andearlierthisweek,JohnsonpresentedherdiscoveriesattheAcademyMuseumofMotionPicturesinLosAngeles,whereshealsopremiered(首映)tworestoredshortfilmshand-drawnanddirectedbyKelley.Thefirstisafive-minutefilmentitledFlowerFairies,completedin1921.Thesecondthree-minutefilmfrom1922iscalledAMerryChristmas.Previously,historianshadconsideredTissaDavidtobetheearliestexampleofawomanwhodirectedherownhand-drawnworkBonjourParisin1953.TheearliestsurvivinganimatedfilmdirectedandanimatedbyawomanwouldbeLotteReiniger’sTheOrnamentoftheLovestruckHeartfrom1919,whichisfarfromthehand-drawnvariety.Johnson,whoteachesanimationhistoryatCaliforniaInstituteoftheArtsandDrexelUniversity,says,“DiscoveringKelley’scontributiontoanimationisn’tjustaboutfillinginthegapsofhistory.Italsomotivatesanewgenerationofanimators.Icanseemyfemalestudentsstandingalittletallerandmoreconfident,abouttheirworkwhentheylearnaboutKelley.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“menial”inparagraph2mean?A.Unskilled. B.Demanding.C.Well-paid. D.Risk-taking.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningKelley’sworkonAesop’sFables?A.Herfondnessforanimals.B.Hergoodteamworkspirit.C.Herearlyinfluenceinanimation.D.HercloserelationshipwithWaltDisney.10.Whichistheearliest-knownanimationhand-drawnanddirectedbyawoman?A.BonjourParis.B.FlowerFairies.C.AMerryChristmas.D.TheOrnamentoftheLovestruckHeart.11.WhatdoesJohnsonthinkofthediscoveryofKelley’sroleinanimation?A.Itexcitesstudents’interestinhistory.B.Itisaninspirationtofemaleanimators.C.Ithelpsreexaminewomenanimators’work.D.Itisareminderofthevalueofsurvivingfilms.DNewresearchaddedbraindegradationsuchasAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默氏病)tothegrowinglistofeffectsoffineparticles(微粒).Astudyof63millionadultsolderthan65intheUnitedStatesshowedthatfrom2000to2016,first-timehospitaladmissionsforAlzheimer’sdiseaseandrelateddiseasesroseby13percentwithevery5-microgram(percubicmeterofair)increaseinannualconcentrationsofPM2.5.Suchparticlesareproducedmainlyduringtheburningoffossilfuels,especiallycoalandoil.Theriskremainedhighevenwhenconcentrationswerebelow12microgramspercubicmeterofair,aleveltheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencycurrentlyconsiderssafe.“Ourstudybuildsonthesmallbutclearevidenceindicatingthatlong-termPM2.5exposureisassociatedwithanincreasedriskofworseningbrainhealth,evenwhenPM2.5concentrationsarewellbelowthecurrentnationalstandards,”saidXiaoWu,adoctoralstudentinHarvard.AntonellaZanobetti,aco-authorofthestudy,saidthenewresearchresultsshowedthatthecurrentU.S.regulationsareinadequatetoprotecttheagingAmericanpopulation,highlightingtheneedforstricterstandardsandpoliciesthathelpfurtherreducePM2.5concentrationsandimproveairqualityoverall.Womenandurbanpopulations,particularlythoseinthenortheast,wereparticularlyatrisk,theresearchshowed.Theresearchersfiguredthattheincreasingeffectsonurbanpopulationsmightbeduetothe“abundanceofmetal-bearingparticlesintheurbanatmosphere,whichhaveverysmallsizeandcanaccessthebraindirectly”.Theyowedtheincreasedrisktowomen’slongerlife,whichmeanttheprobabilityofdeathfromothercausesbeforedevelopingAlzheimer’sdiseasewashigherinmen.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewresearchinparagraph1?A.ItprovedPM2.5wascausedbyfossilfuels.B.Itaimedatimprovingtheelders’brainhealth.C.ItshowedAlzheimer’sdiseasewaslinkedtoairpollution.D.ItfocusedontheeffectofPM2.5ontheenvironment.13.Whatistheresearchers’attitudetowardsthecurrentU.S.PM2.5nationalstandards?A.Supportive. B.Disapproving.C.Cautious. D.Ambiguous.14.Whydowomenhavehigherriskofbrainhealthproblems?A.Becausetheymainlyliveincities.B.Becausetheyareinmuchworsecondition.C.BecausetheyareaffectedbyPM2.5moreeasily.D.Becausetheylivelongerthanmen.15.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Topresentfindingsofnewresearch.B.Tocallonustoprotecttheenvironment.C.ToanalysevariousreasonsforAlzheimer’sdisease.D.Todrawourattentiontotheelders’health.Ⅱ.七选五(2024·全国甲卷)ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(礼节)mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.1.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.

ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.2.

HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.3,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.

MakingRequests4.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.

Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.5,themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.

A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal

选择性必修第一册UNIT1阅读题组——练速度Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位杰出的女性。1.C解析微小环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Beforetheinvention,clothingusedtobeironedonwoodenplanksbalancedbetweenchairs.Thoughitseemslikeasimpleinvention,Booneputalotofthoughtsintoit,whichwasevidentintheendproduct.Asidefromsolvingtheinitialproblemofunevenironing,Boonealsomadetheironingboard’slegsfoldedforstorageanddesignedacurvedshapeforthebodytoaccommodatesleevesandcurvedareas.”可知,SarahBoone独创的烫衣板是一件有用的家具。故选C项。2.B解析微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Acocoonfellintoherteacupandlostitscohesivenessuponcontactwiththehotwater.ThefactthatthecocoonwasasinglestrandofsilkhaddrawnLeiZu’sattentionandshewovethethreadintofabric,creatingsilkcloth.”可知,嫘祖在花园喝茶时,一只茧掉进了她的杯子里。这个意外让她发觉了蚕丝。故选B项。3.D解析微小环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“DrFionaWoodintroducedspray-onskinrepairtechniquetotheworldinthe1990s.”可知,FionaWood首创了用喷雾治疗皮肤烧伤的技术,为医疗事业做出了贡献。故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。“数独之父”MakiKaji因癌症去世,文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独嬉戏的影响力。4.C解析微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Ridiculously,itwasn’tuntil2004thatSudokubecameaglobalhit”并结合本段内容可知,作者感到不行思议的是,数独先是在日本以外的全球范围内火了起来,后来才在日本国内被发掘。5.D解析微小环节理解题。依据第四段第一句“Kajitravelledtomorethan30countriesspreadinghisenjoymentofpuzzles.”可知,在推广数独的过程中,Kaji是亲力亲为的,与D项“他致力于数独的推广”相符。6.D解析推理推断题。依据第四段其次、三句“Sudokuchampionshipshavedrawnsome200millionpeoplein100countriesovertheyears.SudokuwasalsonevertrademarkedexceptwithinJapan,drivingitsoverseascraze.”可知,数独堪称风靡全世界,与D项表达含义一样。7.B解析段落大意题。最终一段主要讲解并描述了Kaji对数独嬉戏的影响力,故B项正确。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了是动画先驱贝西·梅·凯利的职业生涯及其作品以及她对动画界的影响。8.A解析词义揣测题。依据其次段中的“...KelleywasstudyingartatNewYork’sPrattInstitute,when,asapartofthefirstgenerationofcinema,shefellinlovewiththemedium.”可知,凯利当时正在纽约普瑞特学院学习艺术,还没有正式开设她的职业生涯。依据画线词后的“butsheworkedherwayup”可知,她之前做的工作是卑微的,非技术性的。由此揣测,画线词意为“非技术性的”。unskilled“缺乏技能的”;demanding“要求高的”;well-paid“收入丰厚的”;risk-taking“冒险的”。故选A项。9.C解析推理推断题。依据第三段“Kelleyhand-drewcartoonsincooperationwithPaulTerryforhisfamedanimatedadaptationofAesop’sFables,includingthemousecouplethatcametobeknownasMiltonandMary.‘EvenWaltDisneypubliclystatedthatwhenhebeganhisstudioinKansasCity,hewantedtomakecartoonsasgoodasAesop’sFables,’Johnsonsaid.”可知,作者提及凯利的《伊索寓言》是想展示她早期对动画的影响。故选C项。10.A解析微小环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Previously,historianshadc