高中英语高考英语专题复习词汇学案(二)

20XX届高考英语专题复习词汇学案（二）二、时间、天气与自然灾害【必会词汇】时刻：dawn,deadline,instant,moment,bythetime,fromnowon,intime,ontime时段：age,century,decade,future,interval,period,stage;contemporary,permanent,temporary,forever,meanwhile,foratime/while,forthetimebeing频度：annual,daily,frequent,occasional,regular,monthly,weekly,yearly,occasionally,once,seldom,twice,atatime,attimes,timeandtimeagain,nowandthen时序：final,former,previous,afterward(s),ago,eventually,ever,first,gradually,immediately,just,last,late,later,next,shortly,since,soon,then相关：介词:after,at,before,by,during,for,in,on,since,throughout,until,upon动词:last,pass,run,take连词:after,as,assoonas,before,hardly…when,nosooner…than,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while天气：寒冷天气：frost,ice,snow,wind,freeze,cold,freezing,snowy,windy,温热天气：heat,warmth,clear,dry,fine,fresh,hot,mild,sunny,warm云雨天气：cloud,downpour,rain,rainbow,shower,storm,thunder,thunderstorm,lightning,pour,cloudy,cool,damp,rain,wet雾：fog,mist,foggy其他：climate,forecast,weather,changeable,terrible自然灾害：名称：earthquake,fire,flood,hurricane,volcano,typhoon,相关动词：blow,burn,burst,destroy,die,erupt,predict,rescue,ruin,shake,supply,survive其他：ash,damage,danger,death,disaster,nature,survival,victim,dangerous,muddy,natural天气(Weather)相关话题天气与人类的生活息息相关，谈论天气，是老百姓最关注的话题之一。在写作中weather涉及的主要内容有：a.Describingweather(sunny,cloudy,windy,rainy,hot,warm,cold,cool,etc.)b.Understandingweatherreports(conditions,temperature,rain,snow,wind,sun,cloud)c.Dressingfortheweather(coat,hat,umbrella,raincoat,windbreaker,etc.)d.Extremeweather(storms,gales,hurricanes,etc.)1.常见描述天气状况的词汇有：rainfall(降雨),snowfall(降雪),storm(暴风雨),sandstorm(沙尘暴),temperature(气温),bright,clear,fine,sunny,windy,cloudy,rainy,snowy,foggy(有雾的),cool,hot,dry,wet,warm,cold,chilly（寒冷的）,freezing,frost(霜冻)etc.2.谈论天气常用的句型：1).Askingabouttheweather(询问天气情况)a).What’stheweatherliketoday?/Howistheweathertoday?/Howisittoday?今天的天气怎么样？b)Howdoyoulikeourweather?你知道我们这儿的天气怎么样？c).Istheweatheralwayslikethis?天气总是这样吗？d).Isitalwaysascoldasthis?天气总是这样冷吗？e).Howarethespringshere?这儿的春天怎么样？f).DoesitsnowverymuchhereinDecember?g).Whatdoestheweatherforecastsay?天气预报怎么说？h).What’sthetemperaturetoday?今天的气温是多少？2).Commentingontheweather(评论天气)a).It’sfine/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy/foggy…天气晴/阴/有风/有雨/有雪/有雾……b).It’sgettingcold/warm/hot/cool/dry/wet,etc.天气正变冷/暖和/热/凉爽/干燥/潮湿c).It’squitecoolhereinAugust.d).Ihopeitstaysfine.e).Alovelyday,isn’tit?/Whatabeautifulday!/Whatbeautifulweather!f).Itisboilingtoday.今天天热的要命。3．常用文体：涉及谈论天气常用的文体有：日记，游记，报道，介绍性说明文,抒情短文，诗歌等，常用时态：一般现在时，完成时，一般将来时，将来进行时，一般过去时和过去完成时。自然（Nature）有关话题此话题所涉及有关自然的知识，主题就是珍爱自然。其具体内容：a.Plants(greenplants,trees,bushes,grass,vegetables,crops,flowers,etc.)b.Animals(farmanimals,wildanimals,endangeredanimals,pets,etc.)c.Thesun,themoonandthestarsd.Describingland(cities,farms,hill,mountains,lakes,rivers,etc.)e.Volcano写一篇报道新疆地震的短新闻，应包括以下主要内容：时间：20XX年2月24日10：04am基本情况：强度6.8级，房屋倒塌，103所学校和16个卫生院受到破坏，水电供应中断，死亡268人，伤者2058人，许多人失去了家园，国家很快调拨救灾物资，帮助灾民，重建家园。（词数100左右）EarthquakeinXinjiangItisreportedbyCCTYthatastrongearthquakeofmagnitude6.8shookJiashi—Bachuat10:04amontheearlymorningofFeb24th,2003.ItissaidtobeChina’sstrongestearthquakeintheseyearsandhascausedgreatdamage.103schoolsand16hospitalshavebeendestroyed.Theelectricityandwatersupplyhasbeencutoff.Thedeathnumberhasreachedasmuchas268,while2058personshavebeenwounded.Manypeoplehavebecomehomeless.Immediatelyaftertheearthquake,thegovernmentallottedgoodstohelpthepeopleinthedisasterarea.【巩固练习】一、以下句子是描述的什么自然灾害？请将其名称写在句子前的横线上。_______________Thelavaflowdestroyedthreevillages._______________Thefloorwasjustbouncingandrollinglikewaves._______________Peoplehadboardedup(用木板封住)shopsandhousesduringthedaybeforeandstayedindoors._______________Peoplehadtostayintheupperfloorsandsometimesontheroofsoftheirhomes.5._______________373,000acresofforestshadbeenburnedandatleast390homeshadbeendestroyed.二、选出适当的词语，并用其正确的形式填空contemporary,temporary1.Hewas_____________withthedramatistCongreve.2.Ihadseenanadvertisementfora__________jobasawaiterinasmartrestaurant.as,when,while3.Wetalked________wewalkedalong.4.Marymadecoffee__________herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.5.Tomwasabouttoclosethewindow__________hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.atatime,attimes,bythetime,forthetimebeing,timeandtimeagain6.I’drathertalktoyouone________,ifyoudon’tmind.7._________yougetthiscard,I’llprobablyalreadybeatyourhouse.8.Itcangetextremelycold__________inwinterinNorthChina.9.Couldyouusetheoldphotocopier__________?Thenewone’sbeingrepaired.10.I’vetoldyou___________nottoleavethatfridgedooropen!Don’tdothatagain!deadline,interval,period11.Thefactorywillbecloseddownovera(n)________oftwoyears.12.Besuretofinishyourtaskbeforethe____________.13.They’regratefulforthisbrief__________ofmusicastheygoshopping.afterwards,previously,forever,fromnowon,temporary,formerly,meanwhile,shortly,permanent,nowandthen14.TheRussianFederationwas___________knownastheSovietUnion.15.Jimwenttoanswerthephone.________,Harrystartedtopreparelunch.16.Maythefriendshipbetweenthepeoplesofourtwocountrieslast________.17.wehadtea,and___________wesatinthegardenforawhile.18.Mikeisa_________lecturerfortwoweeks.The_________one’sonleave.19.Hepassedthroughadifficultperiod___________afterhismarriagebrokedown.20.Hewaslyinginhospitalwithabrokenleg.Twohours_________,hehadbeenskiing.21.Every___________,Henrywouldrememberthestrangedreamhehadhadyearsbefore.22.IknowIhaven’tbeenworkingsohardrecently,but_________Ipromisetotryharder,startingrighthere.since,till,whenever,after,assoonas23.__________Jackranupagainstdifficulties,hisfamilyallgavehimencouragement.24.Getoffandwalkback________youcometosometrafficlights.25.Threemonths___________theymovedout,thehousewasstillempty.26.Theexhibitionwillbeopened_______everythingisinorder.27.___________itbeganin1951,wehavegivenawardstofilmsfromallaroundtheglobe.destroy,burn,ruin,rescue,burst,pour,erupt28.Hedivedintothewaterand_______thedrowningboy.29.Shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniturehadbeen_______bytheflood.30.Thefirefighterbrokeintothehouseandsavedthechildrenfromthe_________building.31.Aftertendaysofraintheriver________itsbankandfloodedthevalley.32.Itcanbeveryunpleasantinwinterwhenitiscoldandtherainis________down.33.Thestrongearthquakehas__________thetransportandcommunicationsystemsinthatregion.34.Therearemorethan500activevolcanoes,aboutfiftyofwhich__________eachyear.三、选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项1.Anew__________busservicetoTianjinAirportstartedtooperateA.normalB.usualC.regularD.common2.ThedoctorsaidIneededa(n)____________ofrestandrelaxation,soI’mtakingathree-month’sleave.A.ageB.timeC.periodD.while3.Theperformance________nearlythreehours,butfewpeopleleftthetheaterearly.(2008全国I)A.coveredB.reachedC.playedD.lasted4.Ithoughtshewasfamous,butnoneofmyfriendshave______heardofher.(2006广东)A.evenB.everC.justD,never5.Asheworksinaremotearea,hevisitshisparentsonly______.(2008湖北)A.occasionallyB.anxiouslyC.practicallyD.urgently6.---Shallwegooutforawalk?---Sorry.Thisisnottheright______toinviteme.Iamtootiredtowalk.(2008江西)A.momentB.situationC.placeD.chance7.WhenyouturnontheTVset,clearpictureswill______appearonthescreen.(2001上海春)A.rapidlyB.hurriedlyC.latelyD.immediately8.Inthegoodcareofthenurses,theboyis______recoveringfromhisheartoperation.(2009浙江)A.quietlyB.graduallyC.practicallyD.actually9.Therewassuchalongqueueforcoffeeattheintervalthatwe_______gaveup.(2005上海)A.eventuallyB.unfortunatelyC.generouslyD.purposefully10.Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebell______thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether.A.beforeB.untilC.asD.since11.Drunkdriving,whichwasoncea______occurrence,isnowundercontrol.(2010福建)A.generalB.frequentC.normalD.particular12.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislistener’scuriosity______herreachestheendofstory.(2003上海)A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until13.Hardlyhadwebegunourwalk________itbegantorain.A.thanB.afterC.whenD.as14.Wedidn’tknowwhatweshoulddo_______themoneyhadgone.A.thatB.onceC.whileD.though15._______themonthofJulythesenegotiationscontinuedinafrigid(冷淡)atmosphere.A.AtB.UponC.ThroughoutD.Before16.Wevolunteeredtocollectmoneytohelpthe________oftheearthquake.(2000上海)A.victimsB.folksC.fellowsD.villagers17.Theweatherhereisusually_______,sometimesbeyondone’sexpectation.A.suitableB.availableC.adaptableD.changeable18.Itookawalkintheparkandenjoyedthe_______airandsunshine.A.terribleB.freshC.cheerfulD.difficult19.Whenatornadodestroysahouse,itdoesn’t_______itdownthewayahurricanedoes.A.blowB.pureC.burnD.put20.Ona_______morningthelittlegirlwasfound________atthecornerofthestreet.A.freezing;freezingB.freezing;frozenC.frozen;frozenD.frozen;freezing21.TheIcelandicvolcanoeruptioncancausesevere_______tojetenginesandslightwarmingintheatmosphere.A.injuryB.woundC.damageD.ruin22.Nearthesouthwesterncorner,the________ismildandspringlikeinwinter.A.atmosphereB.climateC.conditionD.environment23.Wehadtoshelterunderabigroofandwaiteduntilthe_______passed.A.showerB.fogC.snowD.cloud24.Althoughwe’resufferingsuchaseverenatural_______,we’lleventuallyovercomethetemporarydifficultyaslongaswedon’tloseheart.A.disadvantageB.dangerC.problemD.disaster25.Thenationsthatareactivelyinvolvedinearthquake_______programsincludeJapan,China,Russia,andtheUSA.A.identificationB.motivationC.predictionD.preparation26.Itisreportedthatthegovernmenthas_______thesurvivorsinthehurricane_______food,clothesandmedicine.A.