四川省成都市锦江区2023-2024学年高三英语上学期期中试题试题含解析

Page26高2021级高三上半期考试英语本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。第I卷(选择题)1至8页，第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)9至10页，共10页；满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。第Ⅰ卷(共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例题:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.1.Whendoesthelecturefinish?A.Atabout5p.m.B.Atabout4p.m.C.Atabout3p.m.2.Whatdoesthewomanasktheboytotake?A.Acoat.B.Boots.C.AT-shirt.3.WhathappenedtoLarrylastnight?A.Hecouldn’tfindhishotel.B.Hewascaughtintherain.C.Hefellintowater.4.Wherewillthewomangotomorrownight?A.Totheman’shouse.B.Toacinema.C.Toarestaurant.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahouse.B.Anoffice.C.Ashoppingcenter.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Typeoutherreport.B.Repairherkeyboard.C.Lookforherkeys.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Havesomejuice.B.Pickupherfriend.C.Goshopping.听第7段材料，回答8至10题。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atabusstop.C.IntheBookBuilding.9.Whatdidthemandoyesterdayevening?A.HewatchedTV.B.Hehadamatch.C.Heboughtaguide.10.Whichbuswillthespeakerstake?A.No.29.B.No.37.C.No.52.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthepurposeofthecall?A.Toarrangeatour.B.Tobookaroom.C.Toconfirmareservation.12.Whatdoesthewomanrequest?A.Awake-upcall.B.AspecialmenuC.Aroomwithaview.13.Howcanguestsreceiveafreemeal?A.Byreservingaccommodationsonline.B.Bystayingaminimumofthreenights.C.Bymakingabookingduringtheoffseason.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whenwastheyouthclubformed?A.In2015.B.In2008.C.In2006.15.WhatisMatthew?A.Anengineer.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.16.ForwhatdidMatthew’sclubraisemoney?A.Aschool.B.Apark.C.Ahospital.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhereisKakaduNationalPark?A.InAustralia.B.InAustria.C.InBelgium.18.HowdidthespeakerfeelaftertheYellowWaterCruise?A.Pleased.B.Disappointed.C.Worried.19.WhydidthespeakerbuytheSunrise&Sunsetticketonline?A.Itwaseasy.B.Itwascheap.C.Itwaspopular.20.WhatimpressedthespeakermostduringtheYellowWaterCruise?A.KakaduCultureCamp.B.Sunrise&Sunset.C.AzureKingfisher.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAreusablebottlewillsaveyoumoneyinthelongrunwhilehelpingyoureachyourhydrationgoals.Let’scheckoutthesereusablewaterbottlesin2019!KleanKanteenReflectBottle(Stainlesssteel),$31,AmazonThisshiny,stainlesssteelbottleislightweightandeasytograsp,soit’sperfectlyportablewhenyou’reon-the-go,whetherhikingupamountainordoingbusinessaroundtown.Thesingle-walledstainlesssteelconstructionkeepsyourdrinkcoldforhours,andastylishcapmadeofsustainablyharvestedbambootopsitoff.CamelBakEddyWaterBottle(Plastic),$20(Normally$28),AmazonIfyoufindmoreofyourdrinkendsupinyourbag—oronyourpants—thaninyourmouth,Camelbak’sspill-proofwaterbottlecapisamust-have.Thenewlyredesigned“bite-and-sip”capletsmoreliquidflowthroughthanpreviousversions,lettingyoustayhydratedwithouthavingtoworryaboutspills.It’salsodishwasher-safe,unlikeotherwaterbottles,soit’ssimpletokeepcleanandgerm-free.YuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle,$10,AmazonForadventurerson-the-go,thisspace-savingwatercontainerisamust-have.Thesoft,BPA-freebottlefoldsuptobeonly4.5inchestallwhenit’sempty,butstoresupto500mlliquidwhenyoufillitup!Availableinsixbrightcolors,thishandybottleistheperfecttravelcompanionforyournextbiking,hiking,orcampingtrip.CuptureWhiteFruitInfuserWaterBottle,$9,AmazonKickuptheflavorwiththisgeniusinfuserbottlethatallowsyoutoaddinextraflavortoyourwater.Filltheremovableinfuserbasketwithlemons,berries,teabags,oranythingelseyou’refondof,andyou’llbeabletocreateyourowndeliciouslyflavoredwater.Youcantakeouttheinfuserwheneveryouneedaregularwaterbottletoo.1.Whichbottlekeepsyourdrinkcoldforhours?A.KleanKanteenReflectBottle.B.CamelBakEddyWaterBottle.C.YuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle.D.CuptureWhiteFruitInfuserWaterBottle.2.Howmuchcanyousaveifyoubuyaplasticbottle?A.$15. B.$13.C.$10. D.$8.3.What’sthecharacteristicofYuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle?A.Beingmadeofstainlesssteel. B.Savingspacebyeasilyfoldingup.C.Preventingtheliquidfromspills. D.Allowinguserstoaddinextraflavor.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四种可重复使用水瓶。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Thesingle-walledstainlesssteelconstructionkeepsyourdrinkcoldforhours,andastylishcapmadeofsustainablyharvestedbambootopsitoff.（单壁不锈钢结构可以让你的饮料保持数小时的低温，一顶由可持续收获的竹子制成的时髦帽子可以盖住它。）可知KleanKanteenReflectBottle可以让饮料保持数小时低温。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个小标题CamelBakEddyWaterBottle(Plastic),$20(Normally$28),Amazon可知如果你买一个塑料瓶，你能省八美元。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句Thesoft,BPA-freebottlefoldsuptobeonly4.5inchestallwhenit’sempty,butstoresupto500mlliquidwhenyoufillitup!（这个柔软的无bpa的瓶子在空的时候可以折叠起来只有4.5英寸高，但是当你把它装满的时候可以储存500毫升的液体!）可知YuanfengCollapsibleWaterBottle的特色是折叠方便，节省空间。故选B。BIreceivedaprivatemessageonFacebook.Itbeganharmlesslyenough:“Hey,girl.Wantedtoinviteyoutojoinmynextchallengegroup—we'llbefocusingonfittingin30minutesofexerciseandbalancednutrition.”Itwasallbecomingtoomuch.Facebookwasrunningmylife,notme.ButwhatkilledFacebookformewaswhenIpostedaphoto,andfiveminuteslatermysonaskedmehowmany“likes”ithadgot.Hisquestionwasawake-upcall.“Likes”aresignsofacceptanceandapproval(认可).Ihadforgottenthatacceptanceandapprovalneedtocomefromwithinandhadunknowinglysethimabadexample.BeforeFacebook,surfingtheInternetwasanoccasionaldistractionandIspentalotmoretimereadingbooksandmagazines.Icheckedinwithfriendsthroughtexts,emailsandphonecalls.Torecreatethesimplicity(质朴)ofthosedaysandsetahealthierexampleformyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.I'dbeeninthehabitofcheckingFacebookmanytimesaday,soIhadtocomeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting(针织).Istartedtakingyogaclasses.Istartedtorememberafewthings.Mybodyisfinejustthewayitis.IhavefriendswhowillhelpmeoutwhenI'mintrouble,andIwillhelpthemout.Idomybesttobeagoodmother,andoursonishappyandhealthy.Weareveryluckytobeabletoaffordtwovacationsayear.Istoppedlookingattheworldthroughmycellphone.Ifeltcompletelypresentinthemoment.Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.Afterafewweeks,IreturnedtoFacebook.NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends'kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamilyfarandwide.Ilookinonadailybasis,butnolongerwiththedesireconstantlytopostupdates.Itisnotanaddictionanymore.4.Theunderlinedword“deactivated”isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.checked B.keptC.closed D.updated5.Whatdidtheauthordotochangeherlife?A.Shetraveledaroundalotforayear.B.Shewenttothegymasoftenasshecould.C.Shetriedtomakemoneyforherholidays.D.Shedevelopedsomehealthyhabits.6.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofthebreakfromFacebook?A.Itgavehertimetofindbeautyinlife.B.Itdistancedherfromherfriends.C.Itwasgoodforhereyes.D.Ithelpedhertogetacceptanceandapprovalfromothers.7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssocialmedia?A.Negative. B.Supportive.C.Objective. D.Indifferent.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者之前的生活被Facebook控制了，过分关注网络上的点赞，因此作者决定关闭Facebook账户，对自己、自己的家庭长生了积极的影响。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“BeforeFacebook,surfingtheInternetwasanoccasionaldistractionandIspentalotmoretimereadingbooksandmagazines.Icheckedinwithfriendsthroughtexts,emailsandphonecalls.(在脸书之前，上网偶尔会分散注意力，我花更多的时间阅读书籍和杂志。通过短信、电子邮件和电话与朋友们联系)”可知，没有脸书之前，作者用更多的时间读书，通过短信、电子邮件和电话与朋友们联系，因此推断划线句“Torecreatethesimplicity(质朴)ofthosedaysandsetahealthierexampleformyson,IdeactivatedmyFacebookaccount.(为了重现当年的简单生活，给我儿子树立一个更健康的榜样，我deactivated我的Facebook账户)”说明作者为了重新创造那些日子的简单性，并为儿子树立一个更健康的榜样，所以关掉了她的Facebook帐户；第二段“Itwasallbecomingtoomuch.Facebookwasrunningmylife,notme.(这一切都变得太多了。脸书在着我的生活，不是我)”也提到作者在打开Facebook时会遇到信息打扰，脸书控制了她的生活，因此作者想要关掉Facebook，所以猜测出划线词deactivated的意思是“关闭”。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“I'dbeeninthehabitofcheckingFacebookmanytimesaday,soIhadtocomeupwithsomenewhabits.Icarriedanovelandacrosswordpuzzlebookaroundwithme.Irediscoveredknitting(针织).Istartedtakingyogaclasses.(我已经养成了每天查看Facebook很多次的习惯，所以我不得不养成一些新的习惯。我随身带着一本小说和一本填字游戏书。我重新做编织。我开始上瑜伽课)”可知，作者不玩Facebook后培养了一些新的兴趣，如随时看书、上瑜伽课等，这些都是非常健康的兴趣，因此作者想通过开发一些新的健康的习惯来改变了她的生活。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thebreakleftmefeelingbetteraboutmyself,myfamily,myhomeandmylife.(这段休息使我对自己、对我的家人、对我的家和我的生活感觉更好了)”可知，作者关闭Facebook给了她时间去发现生活中的美好。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“NowIlookatthephotosofmyfriends'kidsgrowingupandtreasurehowsocialmediaallowsmetokeepintouchwithfamilyfarandwide.Ilookinonadailybasis,butnolongerwiththedesireconstantlytopostupdates.(现在，我看着朋友们的孩子们成长的照片，珍惜社交媒体让我与各地的家人保持联系。我每天都看，但不再渴望不断地发布更新)”可推断，现在作者对于社交媒体持有客观的态度。故选C。CIsittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognition(认知)?Whataboutourbody?Isitpossibleforthoughtandbehaviourtooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrain?PsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld,theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperimenttestsubjectswereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo.Inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.8.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthesignificanceofEC?A.Itbringsusclosertothetruthinhumancognition.B.Itoffersaclearerpictureoftheshapeofhumanbrain.C.Itrevealsthemajorroleofthemindinhumancognition.D.Itfacilitatesourunderstandingoftheoriginofpsychology.9.Wheredoesthenewborns’understandingoftheirsurroundingsstartfrom?A.Theirpersonallooks. B.Theirmentalneeds.C.Theirinneremotions. D.Theirphysicalfeelings.10.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoprovebycitingthemetaphorsinParagraph5?A.Humanspeechisalivewithmetaphors.B.Humansenseshaveeffectsonthinking.C.Humanlanguageisshapedbyvisualimages.D.Humanemotionsareoftencomparedtonaturalmaterials.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Todeepenthereaders’understandingofEC.B.ToencouragethereadertoputECintopractice.C.Toguidethereaderontothepathtocareersuccess.D.Tosharewiththereaderwaystoreleasetheiremotions.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家的一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确的说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第五句话“TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维。)”可推知，EC理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句话“Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneed—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld，theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.(他们没有如同需要那么多情感——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感觉到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来)”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻)”和第四段第一句话“Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.(更多的研究支持了身心互动)”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第三段EC的观点“OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.(年长的西方哲学家和主流语言研究人员认为这是事实，而EC理论认为大脑和身体作为一台有机的超级计算机协同工作，处理一切并形成反应)”。所以，作者想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeofmind-bodyinteraction,whynotuseit?(既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢?)”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“Ifyou’rehavingabadday,awarmcupofteawillgiveyouaflashofpleasure.Ifyouknowyou’rephysicallycold,warmupbeforemakinganyinterpersonaldecisions.(如果你今天过得很糟糕，一杯温暖的茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做出任何人际关系决定之前先热身。)”可推知，最后一段作者鼓励读者把EC理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。DReshapingtheworldforafossilfuel-freefuturemeansworkingquickly.Climatescientistssaycarbonemissionsmuststopby2025tominimizeenvironmentaldamage.Andbydesigningcomputationalmaterialstogetherwithmakerswhocanbuildandtestthemquickly,scientistscanrapidlydeveloptechnologieslikemorepowerfulsolarcellsandcarbatteries.Michaelisthenameofasupercomputerdevotedtojustonetask―discoveringtheultimatebatterysystem.ResearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonwilluseMichaeltodigitallybuildandtestprototypes(原型)ineverynewmaterialandtypeofcellpossibletoimprovebatterylife,performanceandprice.Findingaresilient(弹性的)designforsolid-statebatterieswouldbeahugebreakthroughforelectricvehiclesandenergystorage.Lighter,longer-lastingandcheapersolid-statetechnologycouldvastlyimprovevehiclerangeandchargingtime.Andtheenergyfromsolarandwindpowercouldbemoreefficientlystoreduntilreadyforuse.ScientistsworkingintheUSandtheUKledthewayinthe1970sindevelopingthelithium-ion(锂离子)batteryusedintoday’selectriccars,laptopsandcameras,ButcommercialunitswereonlydevelopedoncetheJapaneseelectronicsgiantpushedthetechnologyforwardformassproduction.Partnershipsbetweencompaniesanduniversitiescouldultimatelycracksolid-statebatterydesign.OxfordUniversityandsomecompaniesarelookingtowintheinternationalracetocreateadurableproduct.Buttheyareonlyoneamongmany.Replacingliquidusedinlithium-ionbatterieswithasolidconductormaytakelargedigitalprocessing.Electricvehiclemakersareworkingwithacomputergianttofindsuccessfuldesignsthatmayincludecheapandplentifulmaterialsfoundinseawater.AnelectricvehiclemakerispartneringwithNASAtoopenasolid-statebatteryplantthatusesnorareorexpensivemetals.Theplanistocreatealargedatabaseofmaterialsthatcanbemixedandmatchedforthebestcombinations.Butcomputationalmaterialsmaybeneededinvirtuallyeveryindustry.Andbyrapidlyclassifyingmillionsofsubstancesontheirabilitytoconductelectricity,theirtoughness,orthewaytheyreflectlight,AIandsupercomputerscanspeeduptheprocessofcreatingmaterialsforjustaboutanything.12.Whatmessagedoesparagraph1convey?A.It’stoofasttodesigncomputationalmaterials.B.It’stoolatetoreshapethefossilfuel-freeworld.C.Developinggreenenergycanreducecarbonemissions.D.Developingtechnologycanspeedupcarbonemissions.13.Whataresolid-statebatteriesexpectedtobelike?A.Heavyandsolid. B.Lightbutbreakable.C.Less-costlyandworkable. D.Expensivebutefficient.14.WhydoestheauthormentionOxfordUniversityinparagraph4?A.Toshowtheweaknessofmassproduction.B.Toshowthegoodtrendofthecooperation.C.Toshowthedifficultyofthebatterydesign.D.ToshowthedevelopmentofBritishtechnology.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MichaelIsDevotedtoStoringSolarEnergyB.CompaniesandNASAWillPushTechnologyForwardC.ElectricVehicleMakersAreStrugglingtoSolveAirPollutionD.SupercomputersandAICanCreateFutureLow-carbonIndustries【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了利用超级计算机和人工智能设计新能源固态电池的美好前景。12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Climatescientistssaycarbonemissionsmuststopby2025tominimizeenvironmentaldamage.Andbydesigningcomputationalmaterialstogetherwithmakerswhocanbuildandtestthemquickly,scientistscanrapidlydeveloptechnologieslikemorepowerfulsolarcellsandcarbatteries.(气候科学家表示，碳排放必须在2025年之前停止，以尽量减少对环境的破坏。通过与能够快速制造和测试的制造商一起设计计算材料，科学家们可以迅速开发出更强大的太阳能电池和汽车电池等技术。)”科学家们迅速开发出更强大的太阳能电池和汽车电池是为了减少碳排放对环境的破坏；因此可推知研发绿色能源可以减少碳排放。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Lighter,longer-lastingandcheapersolid-statetechnologycouldvastlyimprovevehiclerangeandchargingtime.(更轻、更耐用、更便宜的固态技术可以大大提高汽车的续航里程和充电时间。)”可知，该固电池预计成本更低并且实用有效。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Partnershipsbetweencompaniesanduniversitiescouldultimatelycracksolid-statebatterydesign.OxfordUniversityandsomecompaniesarelookingtowintheinternationalracetocreateadurableproduct.(企业和大学之间的合作可能最终破解固态电池的设计。牛津大学(OxfordUniversity)和一些公司希望在制造耐用产品的国际竞赛中获胜。)”可知，作者提及牛津大学是为了表明大学和公司合作破解固态电池设计难题成了一种良好的趋势。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Reshapingtheworldforafossilfuel-freefuturemeansworkingquickly.(重塑世界，实现无化石燃料的未来意味着要迅速行动。)”本文介绍，实现无化石燃料，创造低碳产业。以及文章最后一段“Butcomputationalmaterialsmaybeneededinvirtuallyeveryindustry.Andbyrapidlyclassifyingmillionsofsubstancesontheirabilitytoconductelectricity,theirtoughness,orthewaytheyreflectlight,AIandsupercomputerscanspeeduptheprocessofcreatingmaterialsforjustaboutanything.(但几乎每个行业都需要计算材料。通过根据导电能力、韧性或反射光的方式对数百万种物质进行快速分类，人工智能和超级计算机可以加快为几乎任何东西创造材料的过程。)”说明人工智能和超级计算机可以创造未来的低碳产业。所以本文的标题可以为人工智能和超级计算机可以创造未来的低碳产业。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Majorsarevitalincollegeandyourwholelifebecauseitdetermineswhatdegreeyouwillgraduatewithandwhatcareeryouwillbemostqualifiedfor.____16____Chooseamajormerelybasedonmoney.Themistakehappenswhenyou’rechoosingamajoronlyconsideringthepay.____17____Amajorwithhigh-payingcareeroptionswillalldependonpositionopeningsandthecompetitors.____18____Beinginterestedinamajorisastart,butdon’tstopthere.Researchingthefieldwillhelpyoubesurethatamajorisrightforyou.Considertheentirejourneyyou’llpursue.Ifyou’vedoneyourinvestigatingandyou’restillinterested,dipyourtoesinbeforeyoucommit.Myparentswantmetochoosethismajor.____19____Butthechoiceisultimatelyyours.Ifanyonewantstohelpyouinchoosingamajorandyouwholeheartedlyagreewiththeiropinions,thengowithit.Butifyouwantyourfuturetogoinanyotherdirection,speakup.____20____Fromanoutsideperspective,itmayseemsimple,butthestudentsdoingtheworkcanprobablytellyousomehorrorstories.Everymajorhasthem.Nevertakethe“easy”roadwhenitcomestoyourfuture.A.Chooseamajorbyinvestigatingfirst.B.Chooseamajorbyfeelinginsteadofresearch.C.However,youshouldthinkcarefullychoosingamajor.D.Theopinionsofyourfriendsandfamilyaren’ttoignore.E.Honestly,thereisnosuchthingasan“easy”majoranyway.F.Therefore,you’dbetteravoidsomemistakesinchoosingamajor.G.Youalsoneedtoconsideryourpassions,dislikes,andyourhappiness.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了选择专业时应该避免的一些误区。【16题详解】前文“Majorsarevitalincollegeandyourwholelifebecauseitdetermineswhatdegreeyouwillgraduatewithandwhatcareeryouwillbemostqualifiedfor.(专业在大学和你的一生中都至关重要，因为它决定了你将获得什么学位以及你最有资格从事什么职业。)”讲述了专业的重要性，结合下文分小标题阐述的一些错误想法可知，空处应承上启下，讲述选择专业时要避开一些误区。F项“因此，你最好在选择专业上避免一些错误。”符合题意。故选F。【17题详解】结合本段小标题“Chooseamajormerelybasedonmoney.(仅凭金钱选择专业。)”和空前的“Themistakehappenswhenyou’rechoosingamajoronlyconsideringthepay.(当你选择专业时，只考虑薪酬，就会出现错误。)”可知，本段主要讲述的选择专业的误区是仅考虑金钱，这样做就会出现错误，接下来应该说除金钱之外，选择专业时还要考虑其他因素。G项“你还需要考虑你的好恶和幸福。”符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】空处是本段小标题，应是选择专业的一个错误想法。结合本段中的“Beinginterestedinamajorisastart,butdon’tstopthere.Researchingthefieldwillhelpyoubesurethatamajorisrightforyou.(对专业感兴趣是一个开始，但不要止步于此。研究这个领域将帮助你确定一个专业适合你。)”可知，正确的做法是要考虑对这个专业是否有兴趣，还要认真研究这个领域。由此可推测出，这里说的错误想法应是：仅通过感觉来选择专业，而不进行研究。B项“根据感觉而不是研究来选择专业。”符合题意。故选B。【19题详解】结合本段小标题“Myparentswantmetochoosethismajor.(我父母希望我选择这个专业。)”可知，本段讲述的错误想法是父母希望自己选择某个专业，空后的“Butthechoiceisultimatelyyours.(但最终选择权在你。)”指出最终的选择权是自己。由此可知，But表明空处与空后的内容形成转折，表示的是不可忽视亲友的意见。D项“朋友和家人的意见不容忽视。”符合题意。故选D。【20题详解】空后“Fromanoutsideperspective,itmayseemsimple,butthestudentsdoingtheworkcanprobablytellyousomehorrorstories.(从外部的角度来看，这可能看起来很简单，但做这项工作的学生可能会告诉你一些恐怖故事。)”可知，别人看起来简单的专业可能并不简单，空处应是说没有容易得专业。E项“老实说，无论如何都没有所谓的‘容易’专业。”符合题意。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节完型填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文、从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inafast-pacedworlddrivenbynoise,excitement,andcontinuousconnectionsduetotechnology,Ithinkwe’velosta(n)___21___forsomethingessentialtothehumanexperience:Quiet.Thispastweekend,Ifoundmyself___22___tomycomputerscreeninaflurry(忙乱)of___23___worktobuildmycareer.Iwas___24___socialmediaandworryingaboutbuildingmyvisionfortomorrow.Likesomanyevenings,thecalloftheInternethad___25___mein,andthebeautifulJulynightinPennsylvaniawas___26___untilmyhusbandsteppedinandremindedmethatthere’smoretolifethannoises,likesandfollowers.Wegotintoourtruckanddrovetenminutestoalocalstatepark,aplacethathas___27___ourdifferentstagesoflifethroughtheyears.Phonesandcomputers___28___wespenttheeveninginnature,enjoyingsimplescenesand___29___inthequietofthesetting.Goneweretheringsofnotifications,thehonkinghorns(喇叭声)ofcarsflyingby,andthe___30___ofYouTubevideos.Intheirplace,asilence___31___somethingwebothknowbutsometimeslose___32___of:Life’squiet,simplemomentsaresometimesthemostbeautiful.Inthesepeacefulmoments,Ifounda(n)___33___withnatureandwithmyhusband.Ifoundareminderthatthereisaworld___34___thecomputerandthe___35___ofourfast-pacedlife.___36___,Iwasremindedthatinthesequietmoments,wewereabletohearthemostimportantvoice:ourown.Ourworld___37___constantattentionandengagement.Webecomeso___38___toconstantlyconnectingandengagingwithothersthatwefailtoappreciatesomething___39___toourhappiness:ourinnervoice.Sotakeamoment,takeabreakandtakesometimetofindthequietinyourlife.Letthequietmomentsinliferemindyouthatyourinnervoice___40___tobeheard.21.A.cooperation B.appreciation C.confidence D.opportunity22.A.related B.devoted C.glued D.allowed23.A.regular B.simple C.busy D.interesting24.A.drowningin B.fondof C.curiousabout D.sensitiveto25.A.showed B.sucked C.forced D.led26.A.acquired B.occupied C.ignored D.stressed27.A.witnessed B.experienced C.presented D.undertaken28.A.hungon B.turnedon C.wornout D.shutoff29.A.trapped B.involved C.bathed D.stuck30.A.existence B.attraction C.impression D.separation31.A.removed B.reflected C.restricted D.reminded32.A.track B.sight C.control D.hope33.A.connection B.imagination C.exploration D.prediction34.A.against B.with C.beyond D.about35.A.chaos B.values C.meaning D.quality36.A.Inaddition B.Inshort C.Afterall D.Aboveall37.A.avoids B.desires C.transfers D.spells38.A.opposed B.limited C.entitled D.addicted39.A.glorious B.unique C.essential D.superior40.A.remains B.tends C.appears D.deserves【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.C35.A36.D37.B38.D39.C40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。现代的科技让我们生活在宣泄中，很多人失去了独处，自省的机会，作者从自己的亲身体会发出了感触，并建议大家花点时间，休息一下，花点时间在生活中寻找宁静。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个由噪音、兴奋和科技带来的持续联系驱动的快节奏世界里，我认为我们已经失去了对人类体验必不可少的东西的欣赏：安静。A.cooperation合作；B.appreciation欣赏；C.confidence自信；D.opportunity机会。根据前文“Inafast-pacedworlddrivenbynoise,excitement,andcontinuousconnectionsduetotechnology”以及后文“Quiet”可以推测，此处指人们失去了对人类体验中必不可少的东西“安静”的享受。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：刚刚过去的这个周末，我发现自己被粘在电脑屏幕前，忙于建立自己的事业。A.related联系；B.devoted奉献；C.glued粘牢；D.allowed允许。根据后文“inaflurry(忙乱)of3worktobuildmycareer.”以及常识可知，作者为了开创事业，拼命工作，自己老是盯着电脑。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：刚刚过去的这个周末，我发现自己被粘在电脑屏幕前，忙于建立自己的事业。A.regular定期的；B.simple