高中英语外刊阅读语法填空October 15

高中英语外刊阅读语法填空October15

1我们在与人交谈时，为什么很难保持眼神接触？

Itturnsoutwe'renotjustawkward,ourbrains

1(actual)can'thandlethetasksofthinkingoftheright

wordsandfocusingonafaceat2sametime.

Theeffectbecomesmorenoticeablewhensomeoneis

tryingtocomeupwithlessfamiliarwords,3isthoughtto

usethesamementalresourcesassustainingeyecontact.

ScientistsfromTokyoUniversityinJapanputthistothe

testin2016by4(have)26volunteersplayword

associationgameswhilestaringatcomputer-generatedfaces.

Whenmakingeyecontact,theparticipantsfound5

hardertocomeupwithlinksbetweenwords.

"Althougheyecontactandverbalprocessingappear

6(independence),peoplefrequentlyavert(避开)their

eyesfrominterlocutors(对话者)duringconversation,"wrote

theresearchers.

"Thissuggeststhatthereisinterference（干扰）between

theseprocesses."

Thevolunteers7（test）whilelookingatboth

animationsoffacesmakingeyecontactandanimationsoffaces

lookingaway.Theywerealsoaskedtothinkoflinksbetween

easilyassociatedwordsandwordswheretherearealotof

competingassociations.

Forexample,thinkingofaverbfor'knife'isrelatively

easy,becauseyoucan'tdomuchmorethancutorstabwithone.

Comingupwith8associatedverbfor'folder'（文件夹）is

harder,consideringyoucouldopen,close,orfillthem.

Thevolunteerstooklongertothinkofwordswhenthey

weremakingeyecontact,butonlywhendifficultword

associationswereinvolved.Theresearcherssuspectthe

hesitation9（indicate）thebrainishandlingtoomuch

informationatonce.

In2015,ItalianpsychologistGiovanniCaputo

demonstrated（i正明）thatstaringintosomeoneelse'seyesfor

just10minutesinduced（诱发）analteredstateof

consciousness.Participantssawhallucinations（幻像）of

monsters,theirrelatives,andeventheirownfaces.

Itseemsthataprocess10（call）neuraladaptation

isthecause,whereourbrainsgraduallyaltertheirresponseto

astimulusthatdoesn'tchange-sowhenyouputyourhandona

table,youimmediatelyfeelit,butthatfeelinglessens（减弱）as

youkeepyourhandthere.

Andinthemeantime,ifsomeonelooksawaywhilethey're

talkingtoyou,theymightnotbebeingrude-theycouldjust

haveanoverloadedcognitivesystem（认知系统）.

Keys：

1actually2the3which4having5it6independent

7weretested8an9indicates10called

2比萨斜塔为何能经历4次大地震而不倒？

ThesecretbehindtheLeaningTowerofPisasurvivingfour

earthquakes

NewresearchhasrevealedhowtheiconicLeaningTower

ofPisahasmanaged1（stay）standing-andintact-inthe

faceoffourstrongearthquakesandaprecarious（不稳定的）lean

offivedegrees.

Thevulnerability（脆弱性）oftheUnescoWorldHeritage

Site2（confuse）engineersandscientistsformillennia.

Moderateseismicactivitywasexpectedto3（significant）

damagethe58mtallTower,orevenresultincollapsebut,

incredibly,thishasnothappened.

Aresearchgroupof16engineersattheUniversityof

Bristolhasnowdiscoveredthatthe4（consider）height

andstiffness（冈I度，石史度）oftheTower,combinedwiththe

softnessofthefoundationsoil,ensureitdoesn'tresonate（共鸣）

withearthquakegroundmotion.

Thisphenomenonis5（know）asdynamic

soil-structureinteraction（DSS1）（动态相互作用）andtheTower

nowholdstheauspicious（吉祥的）titleofworldrecordholder

inbSSIeffects.

"Interestingly,theverysamesoil6causedthe

leaninginstabilityandbroughttheTowertotheverge（边缘）of

collapse,canbecreditedforhelpingitsurvivetheseseismic

（地震的）events,"saidProfessorMylonakis,headofthe

EarthquakeandGeotechnicalEngineeringResearchGroupatthe

UniversityofBristol.

TheTowercontinuestoattractvisitorskeentomarvelat

thisremarkablearchitecturalfeat.7(construct)onthe

Towerbeganin1173andcontinuedforabout200yearsdueto

theonsetofaseriesofwars.

Multipleeffortstomaintainthehistoricstructurehave

occurredovertheyears.Inthe1920s,thefoundationswere

injectedwithcementgroutingwiththeintentionofstabilising

theTower,whilein1990,adecision8(make)to

completelyclosethesitetovisitorsduetofearsitwasatrisk

oftoppling.

ItwasthefirsttimetheTower9(close)in800

years.Itreopenedagainin2001andremainsoneofItaly'smost

populartourist10(attraction).

Keys：

1tostay2hasconfused3significantly4considerable

5known6that7Construction8wasmade

9hadbeenclosed10attractions

3全球每年300万人因吸烟过早死亡

5mokingdown,buttobaccousestillamajorcauseofdeath,

disease-WHO

Fewerpeoplearesmokingworldwide,especiallywomen,

butonlyonecountryineightisontracktomeetatargetof

reducingtobaccouse1（significant）by2025,theWorld

HealthOrganization（WHO）saidonThursday.

Threemillionpeopledieprematurely（过早地）eachyear

duetotobaccousethatcausescardiovascular（心血管的）

diseasessuchasheartattacksandstroke,theworld'sleading

killers,itsaid,markingWorldNoTobaccobay.Theyinclude

890,0002（death）throughsecond-handsmoke

exposure.

TheWHOclinched（缔结）alandmarktreaty（标志性公约）

in2005,nowratified（批准生效）by180countries,thatcallsfor

abanontobaccoadvertisingandsponsorship（赞助）,andtaxes

3（discourage）use.

"Theworldwideprevalence（流行率）oftobaccosmokinghas

decreasedfrom27percentin2000to20percentin2016,so

progresshasbeenmade,"DouglasBettcher,directorofthe

WHO'spreventionofnoncommunicable(非传染性)diseases

department,toldanewsbriefing.

LaunchingtheWHO'sglobalreportontrendsin

prevalenceoftobaccosmoking,hesaidthatindustrialized

countriesaremaking4(fast)progressthandeveloping

countries.

Progressinkickingthehabitisuneven,withtheAmerica

theonlyregionsettomeetthetargetofa30percentreduction

intobaccouseby20255(compare)to2010,forbothmen

andwomen,theWHOsaid.

Overall,tobaccokillsmorethan7millionayearandmany

peopleknowthatitir\cre.ase.stheriskofcancer,theWHOsaid.

ButmanytobaccousersinChinaandIndiaare

6(aware)oftheirincreasedriskofdevelopingheart

diseaseandstroke,7(make)i