2024年中考英语二轮专项复习 被动语态课件（含2023中考真题）

2024中考英语二轮专项复习含2023中考真题第3节被动语态考点导图考点精讲精练【语态概述】英语动词有两种语态——主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。当不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁或者强调突出动作的承受者时，常用被动语态。被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。【注意】动词短语变为被动语态时，其中的介词或副词不能省略。例Thepatientiswelllookedafterbythenurse.病人得到了护士的精心照料。考点1被动语态的句型结构1.一般现在时的被动语态:主语＋am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词+其他.例Infact,around70millionsharksarecaughtandtradedinthisindustryeveryyear.事实上，每年在这个行业中大约有7000万头鲨鱼被捕捞和交易。练IliveinChongqing.It________theMountainCity.我住在重庆，它被称作山城。iscalled2.一般过去时的被动语态:主语＋was/were＋及物动词的过去分词+其他.例Soonthefiremenarrivedatthesceneandtheoldmaninthefirewassavedatlast.消防员很快就赶到了现场，那位困在火中的老人最终得救了。练Foraresearchandprotectionplan,YaYa_____________totheMemphisZooin2003.因为一项研究和保护计划，丫丫于2003年被带到孟菲斯动物园。wastaken3.一般将来时的被动语态:主语＋will/shall/begoingto＋be＋及物动词的过去分词+其他.例Nomatterhowmanydifficultieswemeet,webelieveallproblemswillbesolvedintheend.无论我们遇到多少困难，我们相信所有的问题在最后都会被解决。练The2024OlympicGames____________________________________inParis.2024年奥运会将在巴黎举行。willbeheld/isgoingtobeheld4.含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词+其他.（课标未做要求）例Thisbikecanbefixedintwohours.这辆自行车两个小时内可以修好。练Lingnan-stylebuildings_______________inYongqingFang.在永庆坊能够看到岭南风格的建筑。canbeseen【拓展】被动语态的特殊用法1.主动形式表被动意义(1)部分动词(如cut，sell，wash，write等)常与一些副词连用，用主动表被动。例Thiskindoftoysellswell.这款玩具卖得很好。练Thispen______well,anditisnotexpensive.这支钢笔很好写，而且也不贵。writes(2)感官动词(如feel，look，smell，taste，sound等)用主动表被动。例Thedressfeelssoft,soshelikesitverymuch.这裙子摸起来很柔软，所以她非常喜欢。练Theflowersinourclassroomarebeautifuland______nice.我们教室的花很漂亮，而且闻起来也不错。smell(3)不及物动词happen,takeplace没有被动语态，用主动表被动。例Aterriblecaraccidenthappenedatthecrossroadyesterday.昨天在十字路口发生了一场可怕的车祸。练Greatchanges_____________________inmyhometowninthepastfiveyears.在过去的5年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。havetakenplace(4)“want/need/require＋动名词”用主动表被动。例Theseplantswantwatering(＝wanttobewatered)everyday.这些植物需要每天都浇水。练Thebikeisbroken,anditneeds_____________________.这辆自行车坏了，需要修理。repairing/fixing2.make,see,hear,find等动词在主动语态中常接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时要加to例Somebodysawhimgetonthebus.=Hewasseentogetonthebus.有人看到他上车了。练Nancymissesherparentsverymuch,soshe_______________cryinherroomeverynight.南希很想念她的父母，所以每晚都有人听到她在房间里哭。isheardto()1.Somephotosofthemoon_____intheSpaceClubnextweek.(2023天津改编)A.areshown B.wereshown C.willbeshown()2.Agreatnumberofbeautifulflowers_____onthesecondringroadinChengduthesedays.(2023四川成都A卷)A.plant B.areplanted C.areplantingCB()3.—Who'sthelittlegirlinthephoto?—It'sme.Thephoto_______whenIwasfiveyearsold.(2023四川乐山)A.took B.wastaken C.istaken()4.—Hanfulovers_______walkingdownthestreetinmanycities.—Well,wearingHanfuhelpstounderstandtheChineseculture. (2023新疆改编)A.canbefound B.canfind C.canbefind BAshowencouragechooseholdexpectallowprovide5.Breakfastis___________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.(2023河北改编)6.NowIknowyourfeelingsandIam___________byyourbook.(2023陕西改编)7.Ihopeonedaymyartworkswillbe________intheartgallery.(2023广东广州改编)providedencouragedshown8.Hewas________towinthefirstprize,buthehasjusthurthisleg.Itisimpossiblenow.9.Alotofteenagersthinkastheyareolderandwiser,theyshouldbe________tomaketheirowndecisions.expectedallowed考点2被动语态的常用短语及句型1.bemadeof，bemadefrom，bemadein与bemadeby练(1)Thissolar-poweredhouse________________glass.这个太阳能的房子是由玻璃制成的。(2)Paper__________________trees.纸是由树木制成的。(3)Thesecars_________________China.这些车是在中国制造的。(4)Thechairyoulikebest______________myfather.你最喜欢的那把椅子是我父亲做的。ismadeofismadefromaremadeinismadeby2.befilledwith=befullof装满;充满例Theforestwasfilledwith/fullofthesoundofrunningwater.这片森林里充满了流水声。练Aftershedied,I_________________________asenseofloss.她去世后我充满了失落感。3.becoveredwith被……覆盖例Ilikethiskindofteabecauseitiscoveredwithcreamontop.我喜欢这种茶，因为它的上面覆盖着一层奶油。练Nowhisdesk____________________booksandpapers.现在他的桌上被书和文件覆盖了。wasfilledwith/fullofiscoveredwith4.have/getsth.+过去分词让/叫/使/请别人做某事(让某事由别人做)例Thepatienthashistemperaturetaken.＝Thepatientaskssomebodytotakehistemperature.这个病人让别人（帮他）量体温。练I'llnevergetallthiswork___________________.这么多的工作我怎么也干不完。finished/done5.常用句型It'ssaidthat…据说…… It'sreportedthat…据报道……It'sknownthat…众所周知…… It'sbelievedthat…据信……；人们相信……例It'sreportedthattheaccidenthappenedat9lastnight.据报道，该起事故发生在昨晚9点。练_________________greenhousegasesarethemaincauseofglobalwarming.人们相信温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。Itisbelievedthat()1.Thissweater______mygrandmother，anditfeelsverywarm.A.ismadein B.ismadeby C.ismadefrom()2.Socialmediasites(网站)______videosofthispanda.A.arefillwith B.isfilledwith C.arefilledwithBC()3.It's_______ thatGuangzhouisabeautifulcity.A.knowing B.knows C.knownCreportcoverlearnfillrepairmakefull4.Whatisyourshirt________of?5.Thelakewas________withthickice.6.It's________thatthetemperaturehasclimbedquicklysincethismorning.7.Theskyis________ofshiningstars.Itlookssobeautifulandquiet.8.Igotmymobilephone________yesterdayafternoon.madecoveredreportedfullrepaired语篇考点专练一、语法选择主题：中国古代灯笼的种类难度：★★★建议用时：7mins LanternshavebeenpartofChinesecultureforcenturies.Thereweremainlythreekinds__1__lanterns.

Palacelantern(宫灯).__2__weremainlyusedinpalacesinancienttimes.__3__peopleweremakingpalacelanterns，finewoodwasused.()1.A.of B.for C.with()2.A.Their B.They C.Them()3.A.Although B.Because C.WhenABCThepalacelanterns__4__withsilkorglass.Theselanternswerenotonlyusedaslightsbutalsoasdecorations(装饰)inpalaces. Gauzelantern(纱灯).Redgauzewasusedwhenpeopleweremakinggauzelanterns.InChineseculture，redlanternsaresymbolsof__5__andgoodwishes.Soredlanternsarealwayshungonimportant__6__suchasLanternFestival，SpringFestivalandNationalDay.()4.A.wascovered B.covered C.werecovered()5.A.happy B.happiness C.happily()6.A.festival B.festivals C.festival'sCBBInthefamousChinatownabroad，you___7___seeredlanternsalltheyearround.They___8___asymbolofChinesecultureworldwide. Shadow-picturelantern(走马灯).Theshapeofshadow-picturelanternwasmuchlikethatofthepalacelantern.()7.A.can B.should C.must()8.A.became B.willbecome C.havebecomeACThereweretwolayers(层)ofcovers.Pictures__9__ontheinsidelayerandappearedontheoutsidecoverwhentheyweremoving. Nowadays，moremoderntechnology__10__tomakelanterns.Theshapesofthemodernlanternshavechangedalot，too.()9.A.draw B.weredrawn C.drew()10.A.used B.isused C.areusedBB二、短文填空主题：一些大学关于体能测试的规定难度：★★★建议用时：8mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。beactivitytheycausehomeorwillorganizesecondhealthremindif StudentsatauniversityinAnhuiProvincewillprobablynotreceivetheirdiplomas(毕业文凭)iftheyfailafitnesstest(体能测试).Thetestincludesrunning,swimmingandsomeothersports___1___.Ahotdiscussionis__2__bythistest.Studentswhofailthetests__3__begivenanotherchance.Theycantakethetestfora__4__time.Andiftheyfailagain,theywillhavetotakethetestevenaftergraduation. IfstudentswanttoenterTsinghuaUniversity,theyhavetobeabletoswim.activ