备考2025届高考英语一轮复习课时提能第一部分过透教材Unit4Everydayeconomics外研版选择性必修第四册

Unit4Everydayeconomics一、阅读理解A[2024苏北四市一调]Bymymid-20s，I’dfinishedmyMaster’sinPsychology，andIwasworkinginDublinasahealthresearcher.Itwasmostlydataandstatisticsworkwhichrequiredstaringatascreen.Iwasearningmorethanmostofmyfriends，livingthecitylife，goingoutatweekends.Ihadagoodpension（养老金）andannualleavebutitcausedalotofanxietyandworry.Iwasreallyunhappy.IwantedtogetbacktofeelingpassionateaboutsomethingsoIstartedthinkingaboutthethingsIusedtolove.Asachild，I’dalwaysbeeninvolvedintheoutdoors，andIusedtolovehikingbutallthathadstoppedaftersecondaryschool.Idecidedtovolunteerwithalocalyouthgroupandwithinamonth，Iwentcampingwiththem.Iabsolutelylovedit.Itwaslikeswitchingonalightbulb.ThiswaswhatI’dbeenmissing.Istartedtakingcoursesinmountainskillsandwildernessfirstaid，andinAugustIwasworkingmyusualjobintheweek，andIwasaclimbingclubleaderatweekends.Ilovedconnectingwithnature，andconnectingwithotherpeople.Throughallthis，Ilearntaboutthewholefieldofnature-basedtherapies（疗法）.Itwastheperfectfittocombinemypsychologybackgroundwithmypassionfortheoutdoors.Ibegantakingcoursesinwildtherapy，forestbathingandecopsychology.IleftmygovernmentjobandinJuly2024IlaunchedmybusinessNatureTherapyIreland，whichisboomingnow.I’dthoughtI’dalwaysliveinacitybutlastyear，ImovedtoTipperarytoliveatthefootofamountain，surroundedbynature.IfI’mfeelingstressed，Icanstepoutsideinmybarefeetandstandonthegrasstogroundmyself.InDublin，thefrontdoorfeltlikeabarrier—Ihadtohavemykeys，myphone，andmyjacketbeforeIcouldevengooutandfindagreenspace.Mylifenowisleadingnatureconnectionhikesandforestbathingwalks.MysalaryhashalvedforthemomentbutI’veadjusted.I’veneverlookedback.作者拥有一份稳定的工作和社会保障，但这引起了作者的焦虑。作者想重拾对生活的热忱，毅然辞掉稳定的工作，选择创业去过自己想要的生活。【词语积累】passionateadj.热诚的，狂热的fitn.适合，匹配surroundv.（使）包围；围绕，环绕1.WhatdidthewriterthinkofherjobinDublin？A.Stressful. B.Valueless.C.Insecure. D.Demanding.解析A微小环节理解题。由第一段中的"Ihadagood...wasreallyunhappy"可知，作者的这一工作引起了很多焦虑和担忧，故A项正确。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph2？A.Sheenjoyedhervoluntarywork.B.Sherealizedwhatshereallyloved.C.Recallingthepastmadeherhappy.D.Abrightfuturewasinstoreforher.解析B词义揣测题。由其次段中的"Iwantedtogetback...Iusedtolove"可知，作者想重新找回对某件事的热忱并起先思索；再结合画线句前后语境可知，作者通过做志愿者，参与集体露营，突然发觉自己特别酷爱这件事，并意识到这就是自己始终想要的东西，故B项正确。3.WhatdrovethewritertolaunchherbusinessNatureTherapyIreland？A.Heradventurousexperience.B.Herleadershipandbackground.C.Herconnectionwithotherpeople.D.Hermajorandpassionfornature.解析D微小环节理解题。由第四段中的"Throughallthis，Ilearntaboutthewholefieldofnature-basedtherapies（疗法）...mypassionfortheoutdoors"可知，自然疗法正是作者心理学背景和作者对户外运动的热忱的完备结合，这促使作者进行相关课程的学习之后辞去已有的稳定工作，选择创业，故D项正确。4.WhydidthewritercompareherlifeinDublinwiththatinTipperary？A.Tohighlighthowboringcitylifewas.B.Tocallonpeopletogetbacktonature.C.Toshowhersatisfactionwithherchange.D.Toindicatehowsuccessfulherbusinesswas.解析C推理推断题。由第五段内容，尤其是"Mysalaryhas...I’veneverlookedback"可知，即便工资减半，作者也不懊悔，由此可推知，作者通过对比表达了对现有生活的满意，故C项正确。B[2024贵州贵阳摸底]Theterm"oniomania"，whichisusedtodescribepeoplewithobsessive（强迫性的），problematicshoppingandspendingbehaviors.Alsoknownascompulsivebuyingdisorder（CBD）andimpulsive-compulsivebuyingdisorder（ICBD），oniomaniacanleaveanegativeimpactonyourfinancialhealthandmentalwellbeingifleftuntreated.Atthispointyoumightbewondering："What’sthedifferencebetweenanoniomaniacandsomeonewholikestoshopperhapsabittoomuch？"Wetendtobelievethatthetwoarerathersimilar.Clinically（临床地），however，theyarequiteeasytoseparate.Althoughpeoplewholikeshoppingwillreturnanitemiftheydonotlikeitandstartbudgetingiftheyrunlowonmoney，peoplesufferingfromoniomaniaarenolongerabletomakereasonable，letalonefinanciallyresponsible，decisions.Theysometimesemotionallydissociatethemselvesfromwhattheyaredoing，makingtheirpurchaseswhiletheyarenotreallysurewhattobuy.Spendingrelievesfeelingsofanxietyanddepression，butonlytemporarily.Inashorttime，theymightbecomemoody，annoyed，anddepressed，andtheirconfidencedeclinessharply.Toacertainextent，spendingmakeseveryonefeelgood.In2007，agroupofresearchersfromMIT，StanfordUniversityandCMUlookedatthebrainsofAmericanconsumersviaMRItechnologyandfoundthatwhentheypurchaseddesirableobjects，theirnucleusaccumbens—thebrain’spleasurecenter—wouldlightup，indicatingpositivestimulation.Thisstimulationcantakeondifferentforms.Forinstance，somepeoplegetparticularlyexcitedwhentheybelievetheyhavegottenagooddeal.This，researcherssay，istheresultoftheprefrontalcortex—thedecision-makingpartofourbrain—interactingwiththeinsula，thepartofourbrainthatprocessespain.AccordingtopsychotherapistJoyceMarter，compulsivebuyersintheU.S.makeanaverageof156impulsivepurchasesperyear.Eachpurchasesetsthembackaround$81.75，makingforagrandtotalof$5，400peryearandathoroughshocking$324，000perlifetime.Thatmoneycouldhavebeeninvestedinahome，aneducation，orotherproductsthatyouactuallyneedinordertosurviveandthriveintheworld.Ultimately，though，treatingoniomaniaisaboutmuchmorethanjustprotectingyourfinancesfromyourownimpulses—it’salsoaboutmaintainingyourpersonalmentalhealthandimprovingyourrelationshipswithothers.购物癖和宠爱购物不同，它是一种须要治疗的心理疾病。在某种程度上，消费会让人欢乐，但购物癖不仅奢侈金钱，还危害人们的心理健康和人际关系。【词语积累】problematicadj.成问题的，造成困难的，疑难的compulsiveadj.禁不住的；难限制的tendto倾向于；往往会purchasen.购买；选购 ；vt.购买；选购 temporarilyadv.短暂declinev.下降；削减；衰退indicatev.指示；表明；显示；示意interactvi.互动；相互作用；沟通thrivevi.旺盛；蓬勃发展maintainv.保持；维持；修理【长难句解读】Althoughpeople（wholikeshopping）willreturnanitem（iftheydonot让步状语从句，其中包含一个who引导的定语从句和两个if引导的条件状语从句likeit）andstartbudgeting（iftheyrunlowonmoney），peoplesufferingfromoniomania现在分词短语作定语arenolongerabletomakereasonable，letalonefinanciallyresponsible，decisions.译文：虽然宠爱购物的人假如不宠爱商品就会退货，假如资金短缺就会起先谨慎花钱，但患有购物癖的人不再能够做出合理的确定，更不用说对财务负责的确定了。1.Whatdoweknowaboutoniomania？A.Itisanormalbehavior.B.Itinfluencespeople’shealth.C.Itmeanspeoplewholikeshopping.D.Itdescribespeople’sdifference.解析B微小环节理解题。由第一段，尤其是"oniomaniacanleaveanegativeimpactonyourfinancialhealthandmentalwellbeingifleftuntreated"可知，购物癖会对你的财务健康和心理健康产生负面影响。由此可知，购物癖会影响人们的健康，故选B项。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"runlowon"probablymean？A.Runoutof. B.Goshortof.C.Lookdownon. D.Becomerichin.解析B词义揣测题。由画线短语前的"peoplewholikeshoppingwillreturnanitemiftheydonotlikeit"可知，宠爱购物的人假如不宠爱商品就会退货。returnanitemiftheydonotlikeit与startbudgetingiftheyrunlowonmoney是并列关系，同为描述宠爱购物的人的行为。startbudgeting意为"起先谨慎花钱"。由此可推想，此处表示假如他们资金短缺，他们就会起先谨慎花钱，故画线短语与B项的意思最为接近。3.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout？A.Whymanyresearcherstakepartinthestudy.B.Howeveryonemakesawisedecision.C.Howdesirableobjectsarewellwelcome.D.Whyshoppingmakescommonpeoplehappy.解析D段落大意题。第四段的首句，即主题句"Toacertainextent，spendingmakeseveryonefeelgood"点明在某种程度上，消费让每个人都感觉良好。接着作者介绍了一个科学发觉，从科学的角度分析了大脑的神经组织，说明白为什么人们在购物时会感到欢乐，故选D项。4.Whatisthebenefitoftreatingoniomania？A.Itisbeneficialtoeducation.B.Itdevelopsourdesires.C.Itkeepsourmindhealthy.D.Ithelpsincreaseourincome.解析C微小环节理解题。由最终一段中的"it’salsoaboutmaintainingyourpersonalmentalhealthandimprovingyourrelationshipswithothers"可知，治疗购物癖还可以维持你的个人心理健康，改善你的人际关系，故选C项"它使我们的头脑保持健康"。二、七选五Weallwanttosavemoney，andwiththecostoflivingontherise，it’sbecomemoreimportantthanevertowatchwhatwespend.Oneofthebiggestincreasesinourspendingatthemomentisonenergy.1That’swhymanyofusarelookingatwaystosaveenergy.2Totrytoachievethis，newhomesinsomecountrieswillbebannedfromfittingnewgasandoilboilersby2025.Havingaheatpump（热泵）insteadcanhelpsaveenergy，butit’sunaffordableformanypeople，unlessthey’vegotsparecash.Forpeoplewhohavetolivewithinatightbudget，therearesomelow-budgetsolutionstolowerenergyusage.3Addingrolled-uptowelstoblockthegapswillhelp.Investinginnewdoubleglasswindowswillcertainlypreventheatfromleaking，butifit’sstilltoocostly，itmightbeworthusingsomeheavycurtainstostoptheheatescaping.Therearelotsofotherlittlethingswecandoaroundthehomethatwillhelpsaveenergy，don’tcostafortuneandjustrequirechangestoourbehaviour.Theycouldbeasgoodasfittingormakingsomething.Putcoversonpotsandpanswhencooking—thefoodwillbereadymorequickly.Don’toverfillthecontainerwhenboilingwater，anddon’tleaveelectricalitemsonstandby.4So，we’rebeingencouragedtomaketheuseoffuelmoreefficient.5Weneedtodoittoreduceourcarbonfootprint，sothatourenergyusagedoesn’tcosttheEarth.A.Warmaircanescapefromroomseasily.B.It’sadvisabletomakethebestofenergy.C.Butourmainaimisn’tjustafinancialsaving.D.Theoil，gasandelectricityusedinourhomesarecostly.E.Weshouldconsidermoreaboutthepossiblewaystodealwithit.F.Makingourhomemoreenergy-efficientistheobviouswaytosavemoney.G.Acombinationofsuchsmallmeasurescouldreduceenergybillsbyabout10％.本文是说明文。随着生活成本的上升，人们都想削减日常开销，目前我们的支出中增长最大的方面之一是能源，文章给出了一些在家中节约能源从而削减开支的方法。1.D空前提到目前，我们的支出中增长最大的方面之一是能源，空后提到这就是为什么很多人始终在思索节能的方法，故空处内容应涉及能源方面的花费，D项"我们房屋里用的石油、自然气和电要花很多钱"承接上文，且说明白下文思索节约能源方法的缘由。2.F下文提到为了实现这一目标，到2025年，一些国家的新住宅将被禁止安装新的燃气和燃油锅炉，用热泵代替以帮助节约能源。分析本段结构和大意可以看出，空后的this指代的应是空处出现的内容，且与节能做法有关，F项"让我们的家更节能是公认的省钱的方法"符合语境。选项中的"Makingourhomemoreenergy-efficient"是this指代的内容。3.A空后提到了用卷起的毛巾、双层玻璃窗和厚重的窗帘等物品来阻挡热量散出，A项"温煦的空气可以很简洁地从房间散出"提出了问题，与后面的解决方法相呼应。4.G本段主要讲了可以在家里做很多其他的小事情来节约能源，如烹饪时盖上锅盖，烧开水时不要将容器装得太满，不要让电器处于待机状态，G项"这些小方法结合起来可以削减约10％的能源费用"是上文做法的结果。5.C空前提到因此我们被激励更加有效地利用燃料，空后是我们须要这样做来削减碳踪迹，这样能源运用就不会以破坏地球为代价。由此可知，空处应起到过渡作用，将节能从削减日常开支引到环境疼惜，故选C项"但我们的主要目标并不仅仅是省钱"。三、完形填空[2024江苏南京六校调研]DuringmyfreshmanyearatBrooklynCollege，creditcardcompanieswereeagertoearnthebusinessofstudents.1byvariousrewardsprogramsthatonlytoldpartofthestory，manystudentssignedupforoneormorecardswithoutunderstandingthe2oflatepayment.3basicfinancialliteracy（金融素养）meantmanycollegestudentsstartedofftheiradultliveswithpoorcredit.4，theyfacedchallengeslaterinlifewhentheyneededtoborrowmoneybutcouldn’t5alow-interestloan.Poorcredit6mepastcollegeandyearsintomyteachingcareer.Thathasfueledmysenseof7toteachthenextgenerationofstudentsaboutpersonalfinance.It’swhyIhelpeddevelopapersonalfinancecourseforteensandyoungadults.Tomaketheclassas8aspossible，weaskedthestudentswhat9interestedthem.Theywerecurioustoknowaboutbuyinghomesandcars.Ourcourse，intendedforthoseagedbetween14and21，hasthem10questions：HowmuchdoIneedtosavetomakethesepurchases？WhichpurchasesdoIprioritize？We，educators，canhelpyoungpeople11lifeaftergraduation，astherearemanygreat12anddevelopingourcoursewas13thanIhadexpected，whichiswhyIhopemoreschoolsandyouthorganizationswillofferfinancialeducation.Financialliteracyshouldn’tbeoptionalbecauseitputsthosewithoutitatasignificant14.Andifmy15asastudentandaneducatorhavetaughtmeanything，it’sthatnooneshouldhavetolearnimportantfinanciallessonsthehardway.作者通过自己的阅历讲解并描述了对学生来讲，金融教化的重要性。1.A.Attracted B.SponsoredC.Required D.Dominated解析A依据后文"variousrewardsprograms"和"manystudentssignedupforoneormorecards"可知，很多学生申请了不止一张信用卡是因为被信用卡提出的回报支配所吸引，故选A。attract吸引，sponsor赞助，require要求，dominate支配。2.A.conditions B.benefitsC.consequences D.processes解析C由"latepayment"和下一段中的"theyfacedchallengeslaterinlife"可知，因逾期还款，之后他们会面临麻烦，故此处指学生没有意识到信用卡逾期还款的后果，故选C。condition状况，benefit好处，consequence后果，process过程。3.A.Displaying B.MaintainingC.Abandoning D.Lacking解析D句意：缺乏基本的金融素养意味着很多高校生以不良信用起先他们的成年生活。display展示，maintain保持，abandon抛弃，lack缺乏。D项符合语境。4.A.However B.ThereforeC.Otherwise D.Instead解析B句意：因此，当他们须要借钱，但无法获得低利息贷款时，就会在今后的生活中面临挑战。"3basicfinancialliteracy（金融素养）meantmanycollegestudentsstartedofftheiradultliveswithpoorcredit."和"theyfacedchallengeslaterinlifewhentheyneededtoborrowmoneybutcouldn’t5alow-interestloan"构成因果关系，故选B。5.A.secure B.guaranteeC.request D.settle解析A参见上题解析。securealoan意为"获得贷款"。6.A.turned B.