暑假作业 02 选择性必修二重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习（原卷版）-【暑假分层作业】2024年高二英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）

完成时间：月日天气：暑假作业02选择性必修二重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习一、重点单词1._______________n.把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)2._______________n.减少；降低；减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低3._______________vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷4._______________n.阴影；影子；背光处5._______________n.彩虹6._______________n.领导；领导地位；领导才能7._______________vt.追溯；追踪；查出n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹8._______________prep.除……之外(还)adv.而且；此外9._______________adv.此外；再者10._______________n.改变；转换；轮班vi.&vt.转移；挪动；转向；改变(观点或态度等)11._______________n.思乡病；乡愁12._______________n.顾问13._______________n.公司；商行；事务所adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的14._______________vt.理解；领会；抓紧15._______________vt.否认；否定；拒绝16._______________n.结果；效果17._______________n.厨师；主厨18._______________vt.填满；把……塞进n.东西；物品19._______________n.品牌20._______________adv.有点；稍微21._______________n.卡路里(热量单位)22._______________n.数量；数额23._______________vi.&vt.咀嚼；嚼碎n.咀嚼24._______________adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会25._______________vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动n.雷声；轰隆声26._______________n.窗帘27._______________n.国界；边界(地区)28._______________vi.&vt.(使)加入；注册；登记29._______________n.习语；成语30._______________adj.相反的；相对立的n.相反的事实(或事情)31._______________adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正32._______________vi.行进；继续做33._______________n.岸；滨34._______________n.黄昏；傍晚35._______________n.技能；技术；技艺46._______________vi.&vt.(使)宽慰；减轻；缓解n.容易；舒适；自在37._______________n.洗澡；浴缸；浴盆vt.给……洗澡38._______________adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的(婉辞)39._______________n.救护车40._______________vi.&vt.推迟；延期(做某事)vt.耽误；耽搁n.延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟41._______________adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的n.男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类42._______________n.(尤指餐馆的)就餐者43._______________n.咽喉；喉咙44._______________n.拳；拳头45._______________n.幸福；福祉；安康；福利46._______________n.郊区；城外二、重点单词变形1.severeadj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→_______________adv.极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地2.frustratevt.使懊恼；使沮丧→_______________adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→_______________adj.令人懊恼的→_______________n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败3.intervenevi.干扰；介入→_______________n.介入；出面；干涉4.pureadj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→_______________adv.仅仅；完全→_______________vt.净化；使纯净→_______________n.纯净，纯洁5.transformvt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变→_______________n.转化；转换；变换；改革6.initialadj.最初的；开始的；第一的→_______________adv.最初地7.defendvt.保卫；防守；辩解→_______________n.防御；保卫；保护8.assistvt.帮助；协助；援助→_______________n.帮助；协助→_______________n.助理；助手9.steadyadj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→_______________adv.平稳地；持续地10.vividadj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→_______________adv.生动地11.qualifyvt.&vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格→_______________n.(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历12.ambitiousadj.有野心的；有雄心的→_______________n.追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负13.adaptv.(使)适应；改编→_______________n.适应；改编本14.comfortn.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸vt.安慰；抚慰→_______________adj.舒适的；舒服的→_______________adj.不舒服的；不安的→_______________adv.舒服地；舒适地15.participatevi.参加；参与→_______________n.参加者；参与者→_______________n.参加；参与16.engagevi.参加；参与(活动)vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用→_______________adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→_______________n.订婚；约定17.motivatevt.成为……的动机；激发；激励→_______________adj.积极的；主动的→_______________n.动力；积极性；动机18.expectvt.期望；盼望→_______________n.期望；预期；期待→_______________adj.始料不及的19.applyvt.涂；敷；搽；运用vi.申请；请求；(对……)适用→_______________n.申请→_______________n.申请人20.exposevt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)→_______________n.接触；体验；暴露；揭露21.depressvt.使沮丧；使忧愁→_______________adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→_______________adj.令人沮丧的→_______________n.沮丧；忧愁；不景气22.strongadj.强壮的；结实的→_______________n.力气；力量；强项→_______________vi.&vt.加强；增强；巩固23.prioradj.先前的；优先的→_______________n.优先事项；优先权24.elegantadj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→_______________adv.精美地；讲究地；文雅地→_______________n.优雅；端庄25.exceptprep.除……外→_______________n.例外；例外的人/事→_______________adj.特别的；罕见的26.consumevt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→_______________n.消费者；用户；客户→_______________n.消费；消耗27.stableadj.稳定的；稳重的→_______________adv.稳定地；平稳地→_______________n.稳定(性)；稳固(性)28.associatevt.把……联系起来；交往adj.副的→_______________n.协会；关联29.modestadj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→_______________n.谦虚；朴素30.trickn.诀窍；计谋；把戏vt.欺骗→_______________adj.棘手的；难对付的；狡猾的31.pleasevt.&vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意→_______________adj.令人愉快的；友好的→_______________adj.高兴的；满意的→_______________adj.令人愉快的→_______________n.快乐；乐趣32.massn.团；堆；许多；大量→_______________adj.巨大的；非常严重的33.breathn.呼吸的空气→_______________adj.气喘吁吁的→_______________vt.&vi.呼吸34.freezevi.&vt.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住→_______________adj.极冷的；冰冻的→_______________adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的35.astonishvt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→_______________adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→_______________adj.感到惊讶的→_______________n.惊讶36.advertisevi.&vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘→_______________n.(informalad)广告；启事→_______________n.广告商37.photographn.照片vt.(为……)拍照vi.上相，上镜→_______________n.摄影师；拍照者→_______________n.摄影；摄影术38.minoradj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→_______________n.少数；少数民族39.electricadj.电的；用电的；电动的→_______________adj.与电有关的→_______________n.电40.urgevt.催促；力劝n.强烈的欲望→_______________adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→_______________n.紧迫，迫切41.operatevt.操作vi.动手术→_______________n.电话接线员；操作员→_______________n.手术；操作42.interruptvi.&vt.打断；打扰vt.使暂停；使中断→_______________n.打断；打扰；暂停；中断43.desperateadj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→_______________adv.绝望地；孤注一掷地→_______________n.绝望44.practicen.&v.练习；实践→_______________adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的45.tightadj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；(经济)紧张的adv.紧紧地；牢固地→_______________adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→_______________vt.(使)变紧；(使)加紧46.fogn.雾→_______________adj.有雾的；不清楚的三、重点短语1.______________________最终地；彻底地2.______________________幸亏；由于3.______________________(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发4.______________________患(病)；染上(小病)5.______________________最重要的是；尤其是6.______________________对……有影响7.______________________开始做8.______________________在某人的领导下9.______________________追溯到10.______________________在……过程中11.______________________参加；参与12.______________________大声点说；明确表态13.______________________舒服自在；不拘束14.______________________(使)从事；参与15.______________________参与；卷入；与……有关联16.______________________舒适区；舒适范围17.______________________(使)花一大笔钱18.______________________支持；站在……的一边19.______________________据我所知20.______________________就我而言；依我看来21.______________________在……之前的22.______________________由……组成(或构成)23.______________________切下24.______________________不管；不顾25.______________________携手共进26.______________________减少27.______________________停止做；删掉；剪出28.______________________组成29.______________________的关键30.______________________塞满31.______________________令人惊叹32.______________________极冷的；冻僵的33.______________________一束；一串；一群；大量34.______________________相反的；相对立的35.______________________进而做(参加)36.______________________欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人37.______________________相比之下38.______________________目所能及39.______________________站在远处40.______________________离……近；接近；临近41.______________________帮助某人站起身来42.______________________面朝上(朝下)43.______________________迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉44.______________________健康状况不好45.______________________袖手旁观46.______________________实施急救47.______________________毫无预兆48.______________________各种各样的49.______________________被分成50.______________________马上四、重点句型1.句型公式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Webegantohelppickpeachesandthen_________________________thefarmers’houses.2.句型公式：until引导时间状语从句直到云消失，月亮才会出来。Themoonwillnotcomeout_________________________.3.句型公式：so...that...每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。Keepingalearningdiaryeverydayis_________________________.4.句型公式：Itis/wasthefirsttimethat...那是我第一次参加交换生项目。那次经历不仅让我开阔了眼界，而且增强了我的信心。__________________________________________________，whichnotonlybroadenedmyviewbutalsostrengthenedmyconfidence.5.句型公式：时间名词作连词游泳帮助我保持健康和良好的体形。每次游完泳，我都觉得神清气爽，精力充沛。Swimminghelpsmestayhealthyandingoodshape._________________________，Ifeelrefreshedandenergetic.6.句型公式：疑问词＋不定式卫生部门现在知道如何处理这种疾病。Thehealthauthoritiesnowknow_________________________.7.句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语她自信而勇敢，生动地演绎了这个角色。_________________________，shevividlybroughtthecharactertolife.8.句型公式：bythetime引导时间状语从句当他们到达湖泊时，简非常生气，她对汤姆说：“我要找一个更好的地方扎营。”然后走开了。_________________________，JanewassoangrythatshesaidtoTom，“I’mgoingtofindabetterspotforustocamp”andwalkedaway.9.句型公式：倍数表达法中国最近在太空探索方面取得的成就是十年前的好几倍。Chinarecentlyhavemade_________________________inspaceexplorationasthoseofonedecadeago.10.句型公式：ratherthan“与其；不愿；而不是”，连接两个并列成分你应该将精力投入到提升自己中，而不是将自己的失败归咎于其他人。Youshoulddevoteyourenergytoimprovingyourself_________________________.11.句型公式：too...todo...迈克吓呆了，害怕得一动不动。(心理＋动作描写)Mikefrozewithterror，_________________________.12.句型公式：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...强调句型直到那时她才意识到她是多么依恋她的丈夫。_________________________sherealizedhowmuchshewasattachedtoherhusband.13.句型公式：as引导非限制性定语从句正如上面所提到的，你可以用这种方法完成这项任务。_________________________，youcancompletethetaskinthisway.14.句型公式：unless引导条件状语从句汤姆很独立，除非需要父母的支持，他从不征求父母的意见。Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opinion_________________________.15.句型公式：thereisaneedtodosth急需改变现在糟糕的现状。_________________________thepresentterriblesituation.一、结合语境运用单词1._____________(责备)byhisteacher，theboywasfrustratedandcouldn’tconcentrateonhisstudy.2._____________(怀疑)ofdamagingthisculturalheritage，hewasarrestedbythepolice.3.Yellowis_____________(把……连接起来)withconfidence，self-respectandfriendliness.4.Morethanforty_____________(杰出的)youngsingersfromeightcountrieshavebeenchosenforthisyear’sartfestival.5.After_____________(倒出)oilintoapanandturningonthestove，Iwaitedpatientlyuntiltheoilwashot.6.Luckily，sherealizedher_____________(错误)andfeltgratefultotheman.7.Backinthelab，I_____________(回想起)hiswordsandcontinuedtheprojectdayandnight.(2022·浙江1月卷)8.Asaguest，youareexpectedtosharesomeofyour_____________(深刻见解)intothewayoflearningEnglishwell.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)9.Iamwritingto_____________(真诚地)inviteyoutotakepartinourpartyontheBeltandRoadInitiative.10.AsfarasIknow，studyingEnglish_____________(需要；涉及)greatpatienceanddetermination.11.Imustworkasatutortocovermydaily_____________(费用)，whichwillcostanarmandaleg.12.Moreimportantly，computerscienceiscloselyrelatedtomostfieldsofscienceandhasplayedadecisiveroleinonecountry’s_____________(全面的)development.13.Tomyamazement，helosthis_____________(脾气)suddenlyandthrewaglassvaseather.14.Withyourdiligenceandconcentration，youareboundtosucceedinenteringan_____________(理想的)university.15.TomakeprogressinyourEnglish，you’dbetterspenda_____________(最小值)of30minutesreadingeveryday.16.Atbreak，ourheadteachergotdowntodealingwiththematters_____________(出现)fromhisclass.17.Putyourphoneawayandenjoythe_____________(风景).It’sreallyamazing.18.Itwasnotanunemploymentletterbutaletterwithseveralsuggestionsaboutmyteaching，oneofwhichwas_____________(强调；使醒目)inred.19.Qingdaoisabeautifulcoastalcityandalsooneofthemostimportant_____________(海港)inChina.20.Judgingfromyour_____________(口音)，youcomefromtheWest，ifI’mnotmistaken.21.Everytimeyoufeel_____________(惊慌)，you’dbettertakeadeepbreathandtrytorelaxyourself.22.Seizingtheopportunity，I_____________(溜走)outoftheroomandwaitedatthebottomofthestairs.23.Lastnightaboywas_____________(淹死；溺死)intheriver，whichmadehisparentsheart-broken.24.Hehungonforafewminutesand_____________(高声喊)forhisfather，buthisfatherdidn’thearhim.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)25.Margarito_____________(哽咽)upasheexplainedtheaccidenttohismomandcomfortedher.26.Imovedcautiouslyclosetoher，_____________(抓住)herundertheshoulders，andpulledherout.二、结合语境运用短语1.Sincemygrandfather_____________thedisease，wehavetakenturnstocareforhim.(道歉信，2021·北京卷)2.Jenna_____________makingsandwicheswithherfatherguidingherpatiently.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)3._____________hisyearsofsportstraining，hedevelopedthespiritofnevergivingup.4.We’dliketoemployasecretarywhoisfriendly，hard-working，and_____________，abletodealwithsomethingunexpected.5.Greatthingshappenwhenyoustepoutofyour_____________，andyouwouldbesurprisedonhowmanychancesexistifyoujustask.6.Hesincerelytoldmethatwhateverhappened，hewould_____________me.7.Thereisnodenyingthatstudyingabroadwill_____________.8.Itisyourhospitalityandwarmwelcomethatmakeus_____________.9.Muchtomysurprise，Henrywastheonlyoneto_____________againstthedecision.10.Wemustkeepourroomclean，fordirtanddisease_____________.11.Withmoreandmoreforests_____________，largequantitiesofsoilarebeingwashedaway.12.CatherinewalkeddirecttowardLandy，_____________whattheysaid.13._____________comingtoChina，Ididn’tknowmuchaboutChinesecuisine.14.Basedonsuchameaningfultheme，thefestivalwill_____________variousactivities.15.Jenna_____________crying，buttoherjoy，herfatheragreedtohelpthemmakebreakfast.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)16.Thelittleboyrefusedtoparticipateinthemorningexercisebecauseitwas_____________.17.Ifyou’retrulyconcerned，you’llknowwhenyourneighborneedssomecheeringup—_____________flowersorahelpinghand.18.Theviewoftheisland_____________andIcouldn’thelptakingphotos.19.Afterweunderstandthebusinessrequirements，wecan_____________thedevelopmentofservicesthatmeetstheserequirements.20.Suddenlythelittleboyletoutascream.Hismothersawhimfalltothegroundandimmediatelywentupto_____________.21.Ihadn’tbeentrainingformonthsandwasreally_____________.SoIhadnochoicebuttotakeexercisetokeepinshape.22.Itiswrongofyoutojust_____________anddonothingwhenothersareintrouble.23.Whatastonisheduswasthatwefoundhim_____________onthebedroomfloor.24.Ifyou’retiredoutbyFridaynight，_____________onSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.三、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。Giventhatthedriverinjuredthepasser-by，hewasso_________(severe)punishedthathisparentswere_________(frustrate).Thisbattlewas_________(vivid)recordedinthedocumentaryfilm.Atthattime，peoplewereadvisedtostayathometoreducetheriskofgetting_________(infect).Althoughsomeforeignstudentsliveincampusaccommodation，XieLeichosetolivewithahostfamily，_________canhelpwithher_________(adapt)tothenewculture._________(cooperate)withpeoplefromdiverseculturalbackgroundshelpsusviewtheworldfromdifferent_________(angle)，thusgivingusmoreinsightintoourownculture.Onlyinthiswaycanwelivemore_________(comfort)andfeelathomeinbeautiful_________(surround).Ihavefoundhimso_________(qualify)forthepositionthathecanhelphandlethesituationinapracticaland_________(reason)way.8.They_________(behave)differentlyandshoutedrudelywhentheassistantbentdown_________(comfort)alittlegirl.9.Thecouplehasahighsuccessrateingettingacceptedashousesittersandtheyalwaysgobeyondthehomeowner’s_________(expect).(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)10.Beijingsuccessfullyheldthe2022WinterOlympics，whichiscertain_________(strength)theeastandwestculturebridgeagain.11.TheythoughtIwasaninspirationaswellassomeonetheycouldget_________(motivate)by.12.Ayoungwomanstoodinfrontofus，a_________(depress)expressiononherface.13.Beyondthis，youcankeephealthybyconsumingdifferent_________(category)offreshfoods，especiallyfruitandvegetables，_________arefullofvitaminsandfibre，ratherthan_________(process)foods.14._________(embarrass)andashamed，Ican’tconcentrateonanything.15.ManyChinese_________(brand)，havingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturies，arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.16.I___