练习39语法填空+阅读理解含解析

39语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.语法填空2020·牡丹江一中月考186词★★★☆☆Whatexactlyaresocialmedia?Socialmediaaredefinedasweb­based,mobilemediathatcan__1__(use)toconnectwitheachother.Thereareseveraltypesofsocialmedia.Thefirsttypeinvolvespeoplegettingtogethertoworkonaproject.Wikipedia(维基百科)is__2__exampleofthistypeofsocialmedia.Thereareothertypesthatallowpeople__3__(share)contentsuchaspicturesandarticles.AnothertypeofsocialmediaiswebsiteslikeSecondLife,__4__peoplecancreateobjects,asifthey__5__(be)intherealworld.Thefinaltypeissocialnetworkingsitesthatcanmakepeoplestayintouchwith__6__(friend)．Socialmediaaredifferentfrom__7__(tradition)media.Inthepast,mediawerecreatedinoneplace,__8__(normal)acompany.Thenthecompanywouldsendoutthemedia,likenewspapersandmagazines,toconsumers.But__9__socialmedia,manyindividualsindifferentlocationscancreatecontent.Inaddition,afewminutesarespent__10__(write)atwitterposttoday,whileitwouldtakemanymonthstoeditamagazineinthepast.Ⅱ.阅读理解A2019·全国卷Ⅲ说明文325词★★★☆☆Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0－25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalAfterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains，”Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”1．Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A．Theyfedthem.B．Theynamedthem.C．Theytrainedthem.D．Theymeasuredthem.2．Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A．Bydrawingacircle.B．Bytouchingascreen.C．Bywatchingvideos.D．Bymixingtwodrinks.3．WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A．Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B．Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C．Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D．Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment.B．Health.C．Education.D．Science.B2020·湖北七校联考议论文325词★★★☆☆Publictransportisdecliningintherichworld.Tothosewhohavetosqueezeontothenumber25businLondon,ortheatraininNewYork,thechangemightnotbenoticeable.Butpublictransportisbecominglessbusyinthoseplaces,andpassengernumbersareflatorfallinginalmosteveryAmericancity.Thatisdespitehealthygrowthinurbanpopulationsandemployment.Althoughtransportagenciesblametheirunpopularityonthingslikeroadworksandbrokensignals,itseemsmorelikelythattheyarebeingoutcompeted.App­basedtaxiserviceslikeUberandLyftaremorecomfortableandconvenientthantrainsorbuses.Cyclingisnicerthanitwas,andrentalbikesaremorewidelyavailable.Carsarecheaptobuy,thankstocut－rateloans,andevercheapertorun.Onlineshopping,homeworkingandoffice­sharingmeanmorepeoplecanavoidtravellingaltogether.Thecompetitionisonlylikelytogrow.Morethanonelaboratoryisdevelopingnewtransporttechnologiesandapplications.SiliconValleyinventedUberand,morerecently,appsthatletpeoplerentelectricscooters(滑板车)andthenabandonthemonthepavement.Chinacreatedsharing­bicyclesandbattery­powered“e­bikes”，bothofwhicharespreading.Transportagenciesshouldaccepttheupstarts,andcopythem.Citiestendeithertoignoreapp­basedservicesortotrytopushthemoffthestreets.Thatisunderstandable,giventherules­are­for­losersattitudeoffirmslikeUber.Butitisanerror.Itisdoubtfulthatmostpeoplemakeharddistinctionsbetweenpublicandprivatetransport.Theyjustwanttogetsomewhere,andthereisacostintime,moneyandcomfort.Anidealsystemwouldletthemmoveacrossacityforasinglepayment,transferringfromtrainstotaxistobicyclesasneeded.Buildingaplatformtoallowthatishard,andrequiresmuchsweet­talkingoftraditionalnetworksaswellastechnologyfirms.Itisprobablythesecrettokeepingcitiesmoving.5．Whatisthechangeinpublictransportinbigcities?A．Itisbecomingbusier.B．Itisgettinglesspopular.C．Therearefewertrafficdelays.D．Thereismorenewtransport.6．Intheauthor'sopinion,thereasonforthedeclineofpublictransportisthat________.A．thereareroadworksandbrokensignalsB．peoplearebecominghealthierandemployedC．carsandbikesaremoreandmoreavailableD．transportagenciesareseeminglylesscompetitive7．HowdoestheauthordevelophisideainParagraph3? A.BygivingexamplesB．Byprovidingresearchresults C.BystatingargumentsD．Bycomparingdifferentapproaches8．Accordingtothetext,thekeytokeepingcitiesmovingis________.A．todevelopanidealsystemthatsatisfieseveryoneB．tobuildaplatformthatappealstotransportagenciesC．toprovidepeoplewithmoremeansoftransportationD．tocaterforbothtraditionalnetworksandtechnologyfirms答题策略语法填空——名词名词题的解题步骤例题Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop________(attract)．[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]步骤①根据空白处所填词在句中的成分或作定语的限定词判断是否该填名词(多考查名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语，名词还可以作同位语、宾语补足语和状语)②结合句意确定选择何种名词形式③确定名词的数答案attraction所填词在句中作表语，并且有物主代词its修饰，故应用其名词形式。结合句意，应填attraction练习39语法填空＋阅读理解Ⅰ.语法填空1．答案与解析：beused关系代词that指的是先行词mobilemedia，它与use之间存在被动关系；应用被动语态。有情态动词can，故填beused。2．答案与解析：an维基百科就是一个这种类型的社交媒体的范例。表示泛指“一个……的例子”，故用不定冠词修饰example。由于example是以元音音素开头的单词，故应填an。3．答案与解析：toshareallowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”，为习惯用法，故填toshare。4．答案与解析：where先行词websites表示一个抽象地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，定语从句应该用关系副词where引导。5．答案与解析：wereasif从句叙述的与现在事实相反，应使用虚拟语气，be动词一律用were。6．答案与解析：friends根据句意和常识可知，朋友有许多，故填其复数形式friends。7．答案与解析：traditional修饰名词media作定语，应用其形容词形式traditional。8．答案与解析：normallyacompany是一个省略结构，补全为mediawerecreatedinacompany。此处需要所填词作状语，修饰“inacompany”，故填normally“通常地”。9．答案与解析：for表示“对于……”，介词用for。10．答案与解析：writing此处是一个固定句型：spendtime(in)doingsth.文中使用了这个句型的被动形式，故填writing。Ⅱ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文体裁为说明文。主题语境为人与自然，主题语境内容为自然科学研究成果。科学家对猴子进行测试后发现猴子有一定的数字计算能力。本文侧重培养学生的语言能力。1．答案与解析：C细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究人员在对猴子进行测试之前对它们做了什么？根据题干中的beforetestingthem以及第二段第二句中的Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined定位至第二段，再根据第一句中的AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys可知答案为C项。A：他们给它们喂食；B：他们给它们起名字；D：他们测量它们。2．答案与解析：B细节理解题。本题题干意为：在实验中，猴子们如何得到奖励？根据题干中的reward定位至第三段的后半部分。根据第三段最后一句Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice...可知答案为B项。A：通过画一个圆圈；C：通过观看视频；D：通过将两种饮料混合。3．答案与解析：A推理判断题。本题题干意为：Livingstone的团队从对猴子的研究中发现了什么？根据第四段中themonkeyswouldgofor