适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习Unit1CulturalHeritage新人教版必修第二册

UNIT1CULTURALHERITAGEⅠ.阅读理解ATheMogaoGrottoeswereacenterofBuddhistlifeandsomeoftheworld’sgreatculturesforhundredsofyears.However,bythelateQingDynastytheyhadbeenabandonedandnearlyforgottenandmanyofthecaveshadbecomedamagedbytheelements.Around1900,withthediscoveryofalibraryofthousandsofancientdocuments,thecavesreceivednewinterestfromChineseandforeignresearchers.Unfortunately,thisresultedintensofthousandsofitemsfromthecavesbeingtakentoforeignmuseums.Inthe1940s,manyresearchersandartistsvisitedtheareatostudytraditionalChineseart.CopiesofsomeoftheartworkpaintedbyrespectedartistssuchasZhangDaqianandGuanShanyuehelpedpeoplealloverthecountrylearnaboutDunhuang.Theseartistswerealsoinspiredbytheartworktheysawinthecavesanditbegantoinfluencetheirpaintingstyles.Othersstavedinthedesertformuchlonger.ChangShuhongstayedfortherestofhislife—strugglingtorecordtheculturaltreasuresandprotectthemfromtheweather.AsaresultoftheireffortstheDunhuangAcademywasformedtoprotectandstudytheMogaoGrottoes.In1987,theMogaoGrottoeswerenamedaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Whilethecavesareopentothepublic,accessisnowlimitedinordertoprotecttheartwork.However,thecavescanbeseenonlineindigitalformsothatpeoplearoundtheworldcanstudyandenjoythem.Despiteitsremoteness,theMogaoGrottoescontinuetodrawvisitors.Andjustasthesandanddeserthavesurvivedlargelyunchangedthroughthecenturies,thissmallartgalleryinthedeserthasalsosurvivedlargelyunchangedprovidinganamazinglookataworldlongagopast.1.WhendidtheMogaoGrottoesregaintheworld’sattention?A.Hundredsofyearsago.B.InthelateQingDynasty.C.Inthelateeightiesofthe20thcentury.D.Aroundthebeginningofthe20thcentury.2.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheartistsinthe1940s?A.Tolearnabouttheirworks.B.Toshowhowhardtheyworked.C.Tocomparetheirdifferentstyles.D.Toappreciatetheircontributions.3.Whenpeoplehavenoaccesstovisitingthecaves,.

A.theycandoresearchesonlineB.theycanenjoythedigitalversionsC.theycanwatchcopiesinartgalleriesD.theycanstudytheminforeignmuseums4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheMogaoGrottoes—CenterofBuddhistLifeB.TheMogaoGrottoes—ArtGalleryintheDesertC.RespectedArtists—ProtectorsoftheMogaoGrottoesD.AnAmazingTouristAttraction—TheMogaoGrottoesBTheRomanColosseum(罗马圆形大剧场),builtaroundtwothousandyearsago,surviveda14thcenturyearthquakeandmostofthe150-somefoothighbuildingisstillstanding.IthasseentheriseandfallofenormousstructuresaswellastheRomanEmpire.Whycouldtheancientstructurestandthetestoftimewhilemanymodernconstructionsfallapartafterafewdecades?ScientistsbelievetheancientRomansusedaspecificconcretewhichmayaccountforitssuper-longexistence.PreviousdiscoverieshaveconfirmedthecomponentsoftheRomanconcrete:volcanicmaterial,limestone(石灰石)andwater.Architectssupposethevolcanicmaterialiswhatmakesthebuildingstrong.Butthisisnotenoughtoexplainthearchitecture’sdurability.AteamofresearchersrecentlydiscoveredamagicalpoweroftheRomanconcrete:self-healing.Andthekeyactuallyliesinthetinypiecesoflimestone.Worthmentioningisthatresearchershadtakenthemasimpurities(杂质)duetothelimitationofancienttechnology.ButitturnedoutthatancientRomansseemedtohavediscoveredthesecret.WhentheRomansmadethemixture,theyheatedupthelimestonetoturnitintoquicklime,averyreactivechemical.Quicklimereactedwithwaterandproducedheatthatsetupachemicalfoundationtostrengthenthebuildingmaterial.Meanwhile,itwould“wear”ahard“shell”,forminglimestonepieces.Itwasthesepiecesthatstoppedthecracks(裂缝)frombecomingbigger.Whentherewasrain,thepiecesreactedwithwateragain,quicklyfillingthecracks.FormaterialscientistAinissaRamirez,thisnewunderstandingofancientRomanconcreteisawelcomediscovery.“Thisisonewaythatthematerialcanbegreener,”saysRamirez,“TheRomansmadethematerial.Wehadtokindoffigureouthowtheydiditsothatwecanmakebettermaterials—andthen,youknow,inturn,bebetterguardsofourenvironment.”5.WhycouldRomanColosseumstillexistaccordingtothetext?A.Itwasrebuiltconstantly.B.Itmetfewnaturaldisasters.C.Itcontainedaspecialmaterial.D.Itsshapeincreasedthestability.6.Whatisthefunctionofthelimestonepieces?A.Topurifytheconcrete.B.Toreactwithvolcanicmaterial.C.Tomakethestructurewater-proof.D.Toenablethebuildingtorepairitself.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Therainwater.B.Thefoundation.C.Thequicklime.D.Thelimestone.8.WhatcanbeinferredfromAinissaRamirez’swords?A.Architectscangetinspirationfromancientstructures.B.TheRomans’buildingmethodremainsasecrettillnow.C.Romans’wisdomthrowslightoneco-friendlyarchitecture.D.Scientistsareexploringhowtoguardtheancientcivilization.Ⅱ.七选五NewanimalsInnorthernVietnam,inthickforestsintheNorthAnnamiteMountains,thereisawildlifeparkcalledVuQuang.In1986,theareawasmadeanofficialforestreserve.In2002,550squarekilometersoftheareaweredeclaredaNationalPark.1.Itisinanareathatishardtogetto,foronething.Andit’sanareathat’sdifficulttowalkthroughbecausetherocksarecoveredwithalgaeandareveryslippery.

2.Inthelasttwentyyears,severalnewspeciesofanimalsthathaveneverbeenseenanywhereintheworldbeforehavebeendiscoveredthere.Someofthemaresonewthatscientistshaven’tgiventhemofficialnamesyet!

ThenewanimalsdiscoveredattheparkincludetheVuQuangoxorSaola,a“slow”deer,agiantmuntjac(theworld’slargest,infact),ablackdeeranda“holy”goat.3,aswellastwospeciesofamphibiansand15speciesofreptiles.

TheSaolawasthefirstnewspeciesoflargemammaltobediscoveredinmorethanfiftyyears,soitcausedalotofexcitementinthescientificworld.Itisastrangegoat-likecreaturethatlooksasifitissomehowrelatedtocattle.Ithashornsthatcanbebetweenoneandtwofeetlong,andthatseemtocomeoutoftheanimal’sheadatslightlydifferentangles.4.

ThecreaturehadhiddensafelyforgenerationsintheVuQuangarea.Butonceitwasdiscovered,itwasindanger.5.Sadly,theSaolaisnowbeinghuntedandmaywellendupasanotherendangeredspecies.

A.That’swhyitattractshuntersB.VuQuangisnoordinarypark,thoughC.HuntershavenorespectfornewspeciesD.Butthat’snotallthatisunusualaboutVuQuangE.FivenewspeciesoffishhavealsobeenfoundthereF.ThiswasthefirsttimesomanynewspecieshadbeenfoundinthisareaG.That’swhyitiscalled“Saola”,meaning“spinningwheelposts”inVietnameseⅢ.语法填空Huizhouenjoysatime-honoredhistory.In2000,XidiandthenearbyHongcunvillageweredeclaredWorldHeritagesitesbyUNESCOfortheiroutstandingpreservationofruralarchitecture1.(date)backtotheMingandQingDynasties.

Huizhouhousesareoftenwoodenstructureswithbrickwalls,whichrequirealotofmaintenance.Moreover,daylightisvaluedinHuizhouhouses,whichisreflectedinthebuildingofopeninteriorcourtyards,2.(allow)sunshinetoentertherooms.Now,walkingalongthebluestonestreetsthere,visitorscanappreciatethedistinctiveHuizhou-stylehousesfeaturingwhitewalls,darktiles(瓦片)andlayeredhorse-headroofs,3.feelliketheyareimmersedinatraditionalChineseinkpainting.

Thetourismboomhelpstoprotectandbreathelifeintotheancientvillage.A4.(symbol)paifang,standingattheentrancetoXidi,5.(build)inthe16thcenturyinmemoryofHuWenguang,6.MingDynastyofficialborninthevillagewhomadegreat7.(contribute)tolocaleducationandlivelihoods.Itisthelocalpeople’sdesiretoprotectthelocalhistoricalcharacteristicsthatleadstothebuildings8.(preserve)tothisday.Besidesancientdwellingsandpaifang,therestandsomeancestralhalls9.clans(宗族,家族)willgathertomakesacrificestotheirancestors.Withtheirownuniqueandmarketablevalue,alltheseoldHuizhoubuildingsaregivingfullplay10.theirdistinctiveculturalcharm.

Ⅳ.应用文写作你校英文广播站须要聘请一名广播主持人。请你写一则聘请启事,刊登在校英文报上,内容包括:1.应聘条件;2.岗位职责。留意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。AnnouncerWanted_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莫高窟的概况、历史以及现状。1.D微小环节理解题。依据第一段的“Around1900,withthediscoveryofalibraryofthousandsofancientdocuments,thecavesreceivednewinterestfromChineseandforeignresearchers.”可知,大约在20世纪初,莫高窟重新引起了中外探讨人员的爱好。2.D推理推断题。依据其次段“Inthe1940s,manyresearchersandartists...wasformedtoprotectandstudytheMogaoGrottoes.”可知,20世纪40年头,很多探讨人员和艺术家通过他们的努力,让人们了解了敦煌。由此推知,文章提及20世纪40年头的艺术家们是为了赞许他们在传承莫高窟文化上的贡献。3.B微小环节理解题。依据第三段的“Whilethecavesareopentothepublic,accessisnowlimitedinordertoprotecttheartwork.However,thecavescanbeseenonlineindigitalformsothatpeoplearoundtheworldcanstudyandenjoythem.”可知,为了疼惜艺术品,现在莫高窟被限制进入,然而,人们可以在网上以数字模型的形式看到、探讨和观赏它们。4.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章在第一段讲解并描述了莫高窟重新获得人们关注的缘由;其次段提及20世纪40年头的艺术家们在传承莫高窟文化上所做的努力,赞许了他们的贡献;第三段讲解并描述莫高窟被列为联合国世界文化遗产;第四段讲解并描述了莫高窟的艺术价值。因此,本文主要介绍了沙漠中的艺术长廊——莫高窟。故选B项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗马斗兽场,它建于大约两千年前,在14世纪的一场地震中幸存下来,大部分150多英尺高的建筑照旧屹立不倒。它见证了巨大建筑和罗马帝国的兴衰。为什么古代建筑能经受住时间的考验,而很多现代建筑在几十年后就倒塌了?科学家认为,古罗马人运用了一种特别的混凝土,这可能是它许久存在的缘由。5.C微小环节理解题。依据第一段的“ScientistsbelievetheancientRomansusedaspecificconcretewhichmayaccountforitssuper-longexistence.”可知,罗马斗兽场还能存在的缘由是它含有一种特别的材料。故选C项。6.D微小环节理解题。依据其次段的“AteamofresearchersrecentlydiscoveredamagicalpoweroftheRomanconcrete:self-healing.Andthekeyactuallyliesinthetinypiecesoflimestone.”可知,石灰石的功能是使建筑能够自我修复。故选D项。7.C词义揣测题。依据第三段的“Quicklimereactedwithwaterandproducedheatthatsetupachemicalfoundationtostrengthenthebuildingmaterial.”以及画线单词所在句中的“Meanwhile”可知,画线单词it指的就是上文提到的生石灰。8.C推理推断题。依据最终一段的“Wehadtokindoffigureouthowtheydiditsothatwecanmakebettermaterials—andthen,youknow,inturn,bebetterguardsofourenvironment.”可知,从AinissaRamirez的话中我们可以推断出罗马人的才智为环保建筑供应了启示。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了越南武广国家公园及其里面新物种的相关状况。1.B由下文“Itisinanareathatishardtogetto,foronething.Andit’sanareathat’sdifficulttowalkthroughbecausetherocksarecoveredwithalgaeandareveryslippery.”和一般公园易到达的常识可知,武广国家公园难以到达,和一般公园不一样,B项“然而,武广不是一个一般的公园”切合语境。2.D由上文“Itisinanareathatishardtogetto,foronething.Andit’sanareathat’sdifficulttowalkthroughbecausetherocksarecoveredwithalgaeandareveryslippery.”可知,武广国家公园难以到达,不同寻常,下文“Inthelasttwentyyears,severalnewspeciesofanimalsthathaveneverbeenseenanywhereintheworldbeforehavebeendiscoveredthere.Someofthemaresonewthatscientistshaven’tgiventhemofficialnamesyet!”介绍武广国家公园里面发觉了一些闻所未闻的新物种,这也是不同寻常之处,由此可知,该空应当进一步提及武广国家公园的不平凡之处。D项“但这并不是武广国家公园的全部不同寻常之处”切合语境。3.E由上文“ThenewanimalsdiscoveredattheparkincludetheVuQuangoxorSaola,a‘slow’deer,agiantmuntjac(theworld’slargest,infact),ablackdeeranda‘holy’goat.”和下文“aswellastwospeciesofamphibiansand15speciesofreptiles”可知,该空和上下文列举了武广国家公园里面发觉的新物种,E项“在那里还发觉了五种新的鱼类”切合语境。4.G由上文“TheSaolawasthefirstnewspeciesoflargemammaltobediscoveredinmorethanfiftyyears,soitcausedalotofexcitementinthescientificworld.Itisastrangegoat-likecreaturethatlooksasifitissomehowrelatedtocattle.Ithashornsthatcanbebetweenoneandtwofeetlong,andthatseemtocomeoutoftheanimal’sheadatslightlydifferentangles.”可知,此段对Saola的外貌进行描述,故该空应承接上文接着介绍Saola的相关状况,G项“这就是为什么它被称为‘Saola’,在越南语中的意思是‘纺车桩’”切合语境。5.C由上文“ThecreaturehadhiddensafelyforgenerationsintheVuQuangarea.Butonceitwasdiscovered,itwasindanger.”和下文“Sadly,theSaolaisnowbeinghuntedandmaywellendupasanotherendangeredspecies.”可知,Saola处于紧急之中,空格处和下文构成因果关系,正是因为猎人不敬重新物种,Saola才会被猎杀,C项“猎人不敬重新物种”切合语境。Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于对明清时期乡村建筑的精彩保存,西递和旁边的宏村被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产,文章对其具有历史特色的乡村建筑进行了介绍。1.dating考查非谓语动词。句意:2000年,因为对明清时期乡村建筑的精彩保存,西递和旁边的宏村被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产。dateback意为“追溯到”,和逻辑主语architecture构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填dating。2.allowing考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,徽州房屋重视日光,这体现