新教材2024版高中英语Unit11ConflictandCompromisePartBLesson1LivinginaCommunity学生用书北师大版选择性必修第四册

PartBLesson1LivinginaCommunity【学习目标】课时词汇pack,complaint,vote,expose,arrest,warning,cease,departure,prejudiced,bitter,anyhow,pleasant,violence,tolerate,unsuspecting,keen,bother,recall常用短语endup,getridof,promisetodo...典型句式1.虚拟条件句2．bedoing...when...正在做……这时……Ⅰ.核心单词练习：依据所给词性和汉意，写出相应的英语单词1．____________adj.愤愤不平的；带来苦痛的，令人难受的；苦的2．____________n.齐声；副歌；合唱团3．____________adj.偏僻的，偏远的4．____________vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞5．____________vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻挡6．____________vi.&vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)7．____________n.边缘，外围8．____________vt.&vi.停止，终止，结束9．____________adj.着迷的，有猛烈爱好的10．____________n.阳台Ⅱ.写出下面所给单词的拓展形式1．resoluteadj.坚决的；有决心的→____________n．确定；解决2．drumvi.击鼓，打鼓→____________n．鼓手3．pleasev．使兴奋，使兴奋→____________adj.礼貌而友善的，亲善可亲的4．prejudicedadj.有偏见的，有成见的，卑视的→____________n．偏见；成见5．properadj.正确的→____________n．房产；全部物；财产6．unsuspectingadj.无提防之心的，无疑心的→____________v．怀疑7．complainvt.埋怨，投诉→____________n．投诉8．violencen．暴力行为，暴力→____________adj.猛烈的，猛烈的→____________adv.激烈地，猛烈地；猛烈地，暴力地9．packvi.&vt.打包n.包，包袱→____________n．包袱，包装盒vt.把……包装好10．literaladj.[letter(字母)的形容词形式]字母的；逐字的→____________adv.逐字地，照原义地；的确地，实在地[词语积累]①drummer/'drʌmə/n．鼓手②hittheroad动身，上路③pack/pæk/vi.&vt.打包n.包，包袱④moveoutof从……搬出去⑤complaint/kəm'pleɪnt/n．投诉⑥tendencytodo做……的倾向⑦drum/drʌm/vi.击鼓，打鼓⑧fromthenon从那时起⑨rarelyadv.很少地；难得；罕见地⑩plug/plʌg/vt.把……塞住，堵塞；填塞⑪haveabadinfluenceon对……有不良影响⑫vote/vəʊt/n．投票(指行为)；票数⑬resolution/ˌrezə'luːʃn/n．确定，解决⑭warning/'wɔːnɪŋ/n．警告，警示；告诫givesbawarning给某人一个警告⑮cease/siːs/vt.&vi.停止，终止，结束⑯property/'prɒpəti/n．房产；全部物；财产⑰chorus/'kɔːrəs/n．齐声；副歌；合唱团⑱departure/dɪ'pɑːtʃə/n．离开，起程⑲gobacktonormal复原正常⑳prejudiced/'predʒədɪst/adj.有偏见的，有成见的，卑视的beprejudicedagainstsb.对某人抱有偏见eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))bitter/'bɪtə/adj.愤愤不平的；带来苦痛的，令人难受的；苦的eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))thinkof...as把……看作eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))minddoing...介意做……eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))makethebed整理床铺eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))anyhow/'enihaʊ/adv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少somehowadv.以某种方法；稀里糊涂地；不知怎么地eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))remote/rɪ'məʊt/adj.偏僻的，偏远的eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))edge/edʒ/n．边缘，外围eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))arrest/ə'rest/vt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻挡标题GrandpaArrested...是省略现象，补充完整为GrandpaWasArrested...。eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))tailor/'teɪlə/n.(男装)裁缝eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))hitsboverthehead打某人的头eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))pleasant/'plezənt/adj.礼貌而友善的，亲善可亲的eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))violence/'vaɪələns/n．暴力行为，暴力eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))literally/'lɪtərəli/adv.的确地eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))tolerate/'tɒləreɪt/vt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))keen/kiːn/adj.着迷的，有猛烈爱好的eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))balcony/'bælkəni/n．阳台eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))endup最终成为；最终处于eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))unsuspecting/ˌʌnsə'spektɪŋ/adj.无提防之心的，无疑心的eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))bother/'bɒðə/vt.&vi.(使)担忧，(使)生气，(使)苦恼eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))tank/tæŋk/n．(储存液体或气体的)箱，罐eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))getridof去掉；摆脱eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))recall/rɪ'kɔːl/vi.&vt.回想，回忆起eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))blowout吹灭，熄灭；喷出(油或气体)eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))emptyv．倒空eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))bewetthrough湿透eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))inaflash瞬间；立即eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))whatof...……怎么样了eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))alargecrowdof一大群Drummer①HitstheRoad②MaMing,adrummerfortherockband“Storm”，hadtopack③hisbags.Hemovedoutof④hisrentedflataftercomplaints⑤fromhisneighboursaboutdisturbingthepeace.Beingsingle,MaMingoftenheldpartiesatnight,butthebiggestproblemwashistendencyto⑥drum⑦lateatnight.【1】MaMing'sneighbourssaidtheywerebeingdrivenmadbeingexposedtosuchnoise.【2】Theflat-ownersaidifhehadknownthatMaMingwasadrummer,hewouldn'thaverentedtheflattohim.【3】Theneighboursquicklyrealisedtheywereintroublewhenhemovedin.Andfromthenon⑧，theyrarely⑨gotafullnight'ssleep.Theycouldn'trelaxorreadabookwithoutplugging⑩theirears.OneneighbouralsoclaimedthatMaMinghadabadinfluenceon⑪histeenageson.【1】but连接两个并列分句，其中Beingsingle为现在分词短语作前一个分句的状语。【2】在宾语从句中，谓语为过去进行时的被动语态，beingexposedtosuchnoise为现在分词的被动式作状语。【3】在宾语从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。Intheend,thecommunitycounciltookaction.“Wetookavote⑫，andcametoaresolution⑬.WegaveMaMingawarning⑭.Wetoldhimthatheoughttocease⑮drummingorleavetheproperty⑯，”acouncilmembersaid.“Gettingenoughsleepisimportantforpeople'shealthand,aftersuchachorus⑰ofcomplaints,wehadtotakeaction.”MaMing'sdeparture⑱haspleasedhisneighbours.“Lifewillgobacktonormal⑲now，”theysaid.ForMaMing'sversionofthestory,wefoundhiminahotelinShanghai.MaMingfeltthattheywereprejudiced⑳againsthim.He'sbittereq\o(○,\s\up7(21))overthefactthatpeoplethoughtofhismusicaseq\o(○,\s\up7(22))“noise”．【4】Otherwisehedidn'treallymindhavingeq\o(○,\s\up7(23))toleavetheflat.“Livinginahotelmeansthehotelstaffmakesthebedeq\o(○,\s\up7(24))everydayandIdon'thavetodomyownwashing!Anyhoweq\o(○,\s\up7(25))，I'mnowlookingforaremoteeq\o(○,\s\up7(26))houseontheedgeeq\o(○,\s\up7(27))ofthecity.”【4】that引导同位语从句。GrandpaArrestedeq\o(○,\s\up7(28))AfterOneShowerTooManyEighty-year-oldretiredtailoreq\o(○,\s\up7(29))，JamesMcKay,spentSaturdaynightinacellafterhitting30-year-oldKeithSmithovertheheadeq\o(○,\s\up7(30))withhiswalkingstick.McKay'swife,Laurenesaidthat,whileMcKayisusuallyapeacefulandpleasanteq\o(○,\s\up7(31))person,hehadbeendriventothisactofviolenceeq\o(○,\s\up7(32))byliterallyeq\o(○,\s\up7(33))gettingwetjustoncetoooften.【5】Hecouldnolongertolerateeq\o(○,\s\up7(34))it.【5】此句为主从复合句，其中said后跟that引导的宾语从句。在宾语从句中，while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。而byliterallygettingwetjustoncetoooften为介词短语作状语。SmithlivesabovetheMcKays.Heisakeeneq\o(○,\s\up7(35))gardener,andalsoafishcollector.Unfortunately,thewaterhesentoverhisbalconyeq\o(○,\s\up7(36))everydayendedupeq\o(○,\s\up7(37))ontheMcKays'floor,ortoooften,ontheunsuspectingeq\o(○,\s\up7(38))McKaysthemselves.【6】【6】此句为主从复合句，含有一个省略了that或which的定语从句，先行词为thewater。“Forthelasttwoweeks,sinceSmithmovedintotheflataboveus,wedarednotgoontoourbalcony，”saidLaurene.Sheaddedthatitwasn'tonlythewaterfallingontotheirbalconyfromSmithwateringhisplantsthatbotheredeq\o(○,\s\up7(39))them,butalsothewayhecleanedhisfishtankseq\o(○,\s\up7(40)).【7】“We'dbesittingtherehappilyreadingournewspapers,whensuddenlysomuchwaterwouldcomefromabovethatwe'dbeaswetasifwehadshoweredwithourclotheson！【8】Wecouldhardlygetridofeq\o(○,\s\up7(41))thesmelloffish！”【7】that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中含有一个强调句，在强调句中含有notonly...butalso...连接的并列成分。【8】此句含有(would)bedoing...when...结构；withourclotheson是with复合结构。AndonSaturdayeveningitwasjusttoomuch.“ItwasJames'birthday，”Laurenerecalledeq\o(○,\s\up7(42))，“anditwassuchabeautifulnighttoenjoythestarrynightoutside.Imadehimabirthdaycake.Thecandleswereagreatsightasyoucanimagine【9】，butJamesdidn'tgettoblowthemouteq\o(○,\s\up7(43)).”Instead,Smithemptiedeq\o(○,\s\up7(44))oneofhislargertanksoverhisbalconyandboththeMcKaysandthecakewerewetthrougheq\o(○,\s\up7(45)).“IhaveneverseenhimmovesofastandIcouldn'tstophim.Hewasupthereinaflasheq\o(○,\s\up7(46)).”【9】as引导定语从句，位置灵敏，可放在句首、句中或句末；as指代主句内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，一般译为“正如……”。Smithisnotgoingtotakethingsfurtherwiththepolice.Hehasalsopromisedtochangehiswaysfromnowon.Andwhatofeq\o(○,\s\up7(47))JamesMcKay?Asheleftthepolicestation,alargecrowdofeq\o(○,\s\up7(48))supporterssanghim“HappyBirthday”.“Definitelythemostexcitingbirthdayever！”saidthecheerfuloldman.“Thebestsincemyyouth,I'dsay！”鼓手走人摇滚乐队“暴风雨”的鼓手(drummer)马明不得不整理(pack)行李，搬出租用的公寓，因为邻居们投诉(complaint)他扰乱(社区的)安静。马明是个单身汉，常常在晚上开派对，但最大的问题是他常常打鼓(drum)到深夜。马明的邻居们说他们都快被这样的噪声逼疯了。房东说他假如知道马明是个鼓手，就不会把房子租给他。马明一搬进来，邻居们就意识到麻烦来了。从那以后，他们很少能安平稳稳地睡一整晚。假如不堵住(plug)耳朵，他们就不能放松或看书。有个邻居还说，马明对他十几岁的儿子造成了不良影响。最终，居委会实行了行动。一位居委会成员说：“我们投票(vote)表决，达成了一项决议(resolution)。我们警告(warning)马明，告知他应当停止(cease)打鼓，否则就离开房子(property)。足够的睡眠对人们的健康很重要，收到这样的集体(chorus齐声；副歌；合唱团)投诉，我们不得不实行行动。”马明离开(departure)了，邻居们都很兴奋。“生活现在要复原正常了，”他们说。我们在上海的一家旅馆里找到了马明，想听听他对这个事务的看法。马明觉得他们(邻居们)对自己有偏见(prejudiced)。人们认为他的音乐是“噪声”，这是他的难受(bitter)之处。不过他真的并不介意不得不离开公寓。“住在旅馆里就意味着每天都有旅馆服务人员整理床铺，我也不必自己洗衣服！不过(anyhow)，我现在正在找位于城郊(edge)的偏僻(remote)一点的房子。”洗了“大澡”而被捕(arrest)的爷爷80岁的退休裁缝(tailor)詹姆斯·迈奇周六的晚上是在监狱里度过的，因为他用拐杖打了30岁的基思·史密斯的头。迈奇的妻子劳瑞恩说，虽然迈奇平常是个平和的、礼貌而友善的(pleasant)人，他还是因为实在(literally)是一再被淋湿，做出了这种暴力(violence)行为。他忍(tolerate)无可忍了。史密斯住在迈奇家楼上。他酷爱(keen)园艺，宠爱养鱼。但不幸的是，他每天在阳台(balcony)上浇的水最终都落到迈奇家的地板上，也常常洒在毫无防备的(unsuspecting)迈奇夫妇身上。劳瑞恩说：“过去两周，自从史密斯搬到楼上，我们都不敢去阳台了。”她还说，困扰(bother)他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸(tank)的方式。“我们原来兴奋地坐在那里(阳台上)看报纸，突然间很多水从天而降，把我们都给浇湿了，就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样！满身的鱼腥味，怎么也洗不掉！”这周六晚上实在是忍无可忍了。劳瑞恩回忆(recall)道：“那天是詹姆斯的生日，是个特别美丽的夜晚，可以坐在外面享受夜晚的星空。我给他做了个生日蛋糕，你可以想象点上蜡烛有多么美丽，可詹姆斯却没能把蜡烛吹灭。”相反，史密斯从阳台上倒掉他的一个较大的鱼缸的水，将迈奇夫妇和蛋糕都浇透了。“我从没见过他动作那么快，根本没方法阻挡，他一下子就冲到楼上去了。”史密斯不会让警方进一步追究这件事。他还承诺从现在起先变更他的方式。而詹姆斯·迈奇呢？他离开警察局时，一大群支持者为他唱起了《生日欢乐》歌。“这确定是最激烈人心的一次生日啦！”老人欢乐地说道，“我得说，这是自打我年轻以来最棒的一次生日！”Ⅰ.课文结构图示Ⅱ.课文预习自测1．WhydidMaMinghavetomoveoutofhisrentedflat?A．Hisdrummingdisturbedhisneighbours'peaceandtheywarnedhim.B．Hewassinglesincehemovedin.C．Hehadabadinfluenceonhisneighbour'steenageson.D．Theflat-ownerdidn'tknowhewasadrummer.2．HowdidMaMingfeelabouthisneighbours'warning?A．Hewasangryandquarrelledwiththem.B．Hefeltthatitwasunfairtohim.C．Hefeltverysorryandmovedaway.D．Hethoughtthehotelwasbetter.3．Whydidn'tJamesgettoblowhisbirthdaycandlesout?A．Hewastooforgetfultoblowthemout.B．Hisneighbourpreventedhimfromblowingthemout.C．Hiscandleswerewetthroughbecauseofhisneighbour.D．Heranoutoftheroombeforeblowinghiscandlesout.4．WhatwastheresultofJames'conflictwithhisneighbour?A．Hisneighbourwasarrested.B．Hisneighbourtookmanyrequests.C．Hegotmuchsupportfromotherneighbours.D．Helostthefriendship.►第一版块：核心单词1.packvi.&vt.打包；整理(行李)；装(箱)n．包，包袱(教材P30)MaMing,drummerfortherockband“Storm”，hadtopackhisbags.摇滚乐队“暴风雨”的鼓手马明不得不整理行李。packsth.in/intosth.＝pack...with...把……装进……packalotofinformationintoabook把大量的信息编进一本书里packup将(东西)装箱打包；整理行李packsth.away(用后)整理好某物bepackedwith...挤满了……packintothestadium涌入体育场❶Ihaven'tpackedmysuitcaseyet.我的行李箱还没整理好呢。❷Hepackedabagwithafewthingsandwentoff.他装了几件衣物就走了。❸IpackedandsaidgoodbyetoCharlie.我整理好东西告辞了查利。归纳拓展：apackof一包；一帮；一群apackofcigarettes一盒香烟apackofdogs一群狗inpacks成群地afoodpack食品包即学即练完成句子①It'stimethatyou________________________(装箱打包).Ifyoudon'thurryup,youwillmisstheplane.②Heusedtosmoke________________________(一盒)cigarettesaday.③Inthecanteen,students________________________(整理好)theirknivesandforksafterdinner.④Theparcel________________________(包起来)wasexaminedcarefully.2plaintn．埋怨；埋怨；投诉；控告complainv．投诉；埋怨，不满，发牢骚(教材P30)Hemovedoutofhisrentedflataftercomplaintsfromhisneighboursaboutdisturbingthepeace.他搬出租用的公寓，因为邻居们投诉他扰乱(社区的)安静。(1)makeacomplaintabout/againstsb./sth.对某人/某事提出埋怨/投诉haveacomplaintaboutsb./sth.对……有不满足见(2)complain(tosb.)about/ofsth.(向某人)投诉/埋怨某事complain(tosb.)that...(向某人)投诉/埋怨……❶I'vehadnocomplaintsaboutthem.对他们我没什么看法。❷Shenevercomplains,butshe'sobviouslyexhausted.她虽然从不埋怨，但明显已乏累不堪。❸Hecomplainedbitterlythathehadbeenunfairlytreated.他愤懑地诉说他受到了不公允对待。误区警示：complain后不能干脆跟sb.作宾语，要加介词to。类似的词还有explain(说明)，mention(提及),announce(宣布)等。即学即练单句语法填空①Ibelieveyouhaveacomplaint____________oneofournurses.②Wereceivedanumberof____________(complain)fromcustomersaboutthelackofparkingfacilities.③I'dliketomakeacomplaint____________thenoise.④I'mgoingtocomplain____________themanageraboutthis.3．voten．投票(指行为)，表决；票数；选票；选举权v.投票，选举；表决votern．投票人，选举人(教材P30)Wetookavote,andcametoaresolution.我们投票表决，达成了一项决议。havethevote有选举权voteforsb./sth.投票支持某人/某事voteagainstsb./sth.投票反对某人/某事voteon对……进行表决votetodosth.投票确定做某事votelegally合法地选举❶Howdidyouvoteatthelastelection？在上次选举中你是怎么投的票？❷Aftermonthsofnegotiations,someinvestorsvoteagainsttheproposal.经过数月协商后，部分投资者投票反对此项提议。归纳拓展：put/haveavoteon...就……进行表决10votesforand2againsttheplan该支配有10票赞成，2票反对即学即练单句语法填空①Didyouvoteforor____________her?②We'lllistentotheargumentonbothsidesandthenvote____________it.③Allofusvote____________buildingmoresheltersforthehomeless.④Ourfamilyvoted____________(turn)tothelawyerforhelp.4.exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临，使遭遇(紧急或不快)exposuren．暴露，面临exposesb./sth.tosb./sth.暴露某人/某事物给某人/某事物；使某人接触某事物exposeoneselfto...使自己面临紧急；使自己暴露于beexposedto遭遇到❶Potatoesturngreenwhenexposedtolight.马铃薯在光的照耀下会变绿。❷Don'texposeyourskintothesunfortoolong.不要让皮肤长时间暴露在阳光之下。经典例句：Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。即学即练单句语法填空①Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhen________(expose)todaylight.②Thedrughaslostitspotenceby________(expose)tomoisture.③Sheexposedherchildren________classicalmusic.④Hiswrongdoing________(expose).⑤Theworkerswereexposed________dangerouschemicals.5.arrestvt.逮捕，拘捕；抑制；阻挡；吸引n.逮捕，拘捕；停止，中止arrestone'sattention吸引某人的留意力arrestcriminals逮捕罪犯getarrested被逮捕arrestsb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事逮捕某人arrestsb.inconnectionwithsth.因与某事有关逮捕某人归纳拓展：beunderarrest被逮捕place/putsb.underarrest(＝arrestsb.)逮捕某人putsb.underhousearrest软禁某人即学即练单句语法填空①HerfriendIreferredtojustnow____________(arrest)forrobbingabank.②Hegotarrested____________carelessdriving.③Aman____________(arrest)inconnectionwiththerobberyrecently.④Shewasput____________housearresttwoyearsagobutremainedapowerfulsymbolinlastyear'selection.完成句子⑤Thepictureonthewall________________________(吸引了我的留意力).⑥Yesterdayafternoonthepolice________________________(把那个小偷逮捕了).6.warningn．警告，警示；告诫；先兆warnv．提示；警告give(sb.)awarning(向某人)发出警告without(any)warning没有(任何)先兆awordofwarning一句提示，一句警告ahealthwarning健康警告aflood/typhoonwarning洪水/台风警报awarningoffloods洪水警报awarningsignal警告信号anearly-warningsystem预警系统归纳拓展：warnsb.of/aboutsth.提示某人某事warnsb.(not)todosth.提示某人(不)要做某事warnsb.againstdoingsth.提示某人不要做某事warnsb.that...提示某人……即学即练单句语法填空①...thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarning________(signal)thatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.②Ifyouturnadeafeartomy________(warn),you'lllandupintrouble.③Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldlike________(warn)youinadvance________ifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.④Ihopethechainofmistakeswillbe________(warn)toyoungpeoplelikeyou!7.ceasevt.&vi.停止，终止，结束n.停止(教材P30)．..heoughttoceasedrummingorleavetheproperty...……他应当停止打鼓，否则就离开房子……ceasesth.停止某事ceasedoingsth.停止做某事ceasetodosth.停止某事❶Welfarepaymentsceaseassoonasanindividualstartsajob.一旦就业，即停发福利救济。❷Theyvotedtoceasestrikeactionimmediately.他们投票确定立即停止罢工。老师提示：(1)cease是动词stop的正式用语，其后跟动名词和不定式意思相同(2)stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事(3)withoutcease不断地，持续地(4)ceaselessadj.不停的，不断的，持续的ceaselesslyadv.不停地，不断地，持续地(5)cease-fire(斗争中的)停火orderacease-fire嘱咐停火negotiateacease-fire谈判停火即学即练用cease或stop完成句子①Theteacheraskedthepupilto________talking,buthekepttalkingwithout________．②Thepupilwasreadingthen.Theteacheraskedhimto________todosomethingelse.③Thetwoboyswerewalkingonthestreetseparately.Theysaweachotherinfrontofabookstoreand________totalktogether.单句语法填空④Thecompanyceased________(trade)inJune.⑤Thegeneralgaveanorder________cease-fire.8．departuren．离开，起程；(在特定时间)离开的飞机(或火车等)departv．离开，起程；背离，违反(教材P30)MaMing'sdeparturehaspleasedhisneighbours.马明离开了，邻居们都很兴奋。(1)thedeparturetime/gate离站时间/登机(或上车)口takeone'sdeparture离开；起程(2)departfrom...从……离开；背离，违反，不依据；不遵守departfor...动身去……❶Flightsshouldbeconfirmed48hoursbeforedeparture.航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。❷Hissuddendeparturethrewtheofficeintochaos.他的突然离开使整个办公室陷入一片混乱。归纳拓展：departfromroutine/theusualprocedure/oldcustoms不依据常规/通常手续/旧风俗行事departfromthetruth违反真理depart(from)thislife亡故；逝世departone'sjob离职经典例句：Shewaiteduntilthelastoftheguestshaddeparted．她始终等到最终一个客人离开。即学即练单句语法填空①Theyhavereceivednonewsofhimsincehis____________(depart)fromtheisland.②Thetrainisdeparting____________therailwaystationat6o'clock.③Asaconsequenceoftheir____________(depart),theylosttouchwitheachother.完成句子④FlightsforRome________________(自……起程)Terminal3.9．prejudicedadj.有偏见的，有成见的，卑视的prejudicen．偏见，卑视；偏爱，偏袒vt.使抱有偏见；使存在成见；损害(教材P30)MaMingfeltthattheywereprejudicedagainsthim.马明觉得他们(邻居们)对自己有偏见。beprejudicedagainst...对……有偏见have(a)prejudiceagainst...对……有偏见prejudicesb.(againstsb./sth.)使某人(对某人/某物)有偏见prejudiceagainstsb./sth.对某人/某物的偏见❶Fewpeoplewilladmittobeingraciallyprejudiced.很少有人会承认自己有种族偏见。❷Youshouldn'tbeprejudicedagainstwomendrivers.你不应当对女驾驶员有偏见。❸Manyoldpeoplehaveaprejudiceagainstmodernnetworks.很多老人对现代网络怀有偏见。经典例句：avictimofracialprejudice种族偏见的受害者Anydelaywillprejudicethechild'swelfare.任何延误都会损及这个孩子的身心健康。Theyareprejudicedagainstolderapplicants.他们对年长一些的申请人抱有成见。Whatmadeyousoprejudicedagainstinnovation？是什么使得你对创新如此有偏见？即学即练单句语法填空①Theyareprejudiced____________olderapplicants.②Thelawyershavebeentryingtoprejudicethejury____________her.完成句子③Thereiswidespread____________________(对……的偏见)workersover45.④环境疼惜论者对那座水坝怀有成见。Environmentalistsare________________________thedam.10.bitteradj.愤愤不平的；带来苦痛的，令人难受的；寒冷的；苦的(教材P30)He'sbitteroverthefactthatpeoplethoughtofhismusicas“noise”．人们认为他的音乐是“噪声”，这是他的难受之处。comeoutwithabittersmile苦笑着出来thebeer'sbittertaste啤酒的苦味bitterchocolate带苦味的巧克力be/feelbitteraboutsth.对某事不满abitteroldman一个愤愤不平的老人stirupbittermemories勾起了苦痛的回忆❶Sheisverybitteraboutlosingherjob.她丢掉了工作，心里很不服气。❷Abitterwindwasblowingintotheoldcanteen.一股刺骨寒风吹进了旧食堂。❸Thebitternessfromworkinginthatsmallgrocerywasunforgettableforher.她难以忘却在那家小杂货店工作的辛酸。词语积累：bitterlyadv.难受地；生气地；极其，特别bitternessn．苦味；苦痛；哀思bittersweetadj.又苦又甜的，苦乐参半的即学即练完成句子①I'velearntfrom________________(苦痛的阅历).②Forsomepeople,forgivenessisjustlikeacupof________________(又苦又甜的咖啡).③Sheremained________________(猛烈反对)theideaofinvestigatingthatscientist.④Icouldn'thavegotthroughthat________________(苦痛的时期)withoutyourlegalaid.11．anyhowadv.(非正式)尽管如此；至少；无论如何；不管怎样(＝anyway)(教材P30)Anyhow,I'mnowlookingforaremotehouseontheedgeofthecity.不过，我现在正在找位于城郊的偏僻一点的房子。[易混辨析]anyhow/somehow/somewhatanyhow用于确定句时，意思与anyway相近，意为“尽管如此；至少；无论如何，反正\”。用于否定句时，意为“无论如何(也不……)\”。其位置比较灵敏，可以置于句首、句中或者句末。(anyhow＝anyway)somehowadv.以某种方式；用某种方法；不知怎么地somewhat意为“有点儿，有几分；略微\”，相当于rather。❶Whataterribleexperience!Anyhow,you'resafenow—that'sthemainthing.多么可怕的阅历啊！不管怎样，你现在平安了——这是最重要的事情。❷Somehowwelostourway.不知怎么地，我们迷路了。❸Everythingisoutoforder,somehow.不知怎么地，一切都乱了套。❹ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpected.价格比我预料的高了一点。经典例句：Hetoldmenottomakesuchafortune,butIdidanyhow．他告知我不要发这笔财，但不管怎样，我还是做了。Anyhow,theonlythingIevergotfromhimwasabirthdaycardwhenIwasten.不管怎样，我从他那里得到的唯一一样东西是我十岁时的一张生日贺卡。即学即练完成句子①____________________(不知何故信号消逝了)andtheshipwaslostinthesea.②Ithinkherideasareright,____________________(但不知怎么地，我不完全确定).③Thisideaprobablywon'twork,but____________________(咱们至少还是试试吧).④____________________(不管怎样),youknowhowLigecaredabouthissupper.⑤Intheafternoon,IaskedunclePaulifIcouldtakeahorseride,andhesaidyes,aslongasmydadwentwithme.Iwasn'tgoingtotakeahorseridebymyself____________________(反正).12.pleasantadj.令人欢乐的，宜人的；礼貌而友善的，亲善可亲的(教材P31)．..whileMcKayisusuallyapeacefulandpleasantperson...……虽然迈奇平常是个平和的、礼貌而友善的人……bepleasedwith...对……感到满足bepleasedthat...对……感到兴奋bepleasedtodosth.兴奋/乐于做某事besatisfied/contentwith...对……感到满足bewillingtodosth.乐于做某事becontenttodosth.乐于做某事❶I'vegotapleasantlittleapartment.我有一套舒适的小公寓。❷Thewomanhasapleasantface.那个女人长着一张和善的脸。❸It'salwayspleasanttodowhatyou'regoodatdoing.做自己擅长的事总是令人欢乐的。❹Motherwasverypleasedwithherson'sslightprogress.妈妈对儿子些许的进步感到很满足。❺Iampleasedtobeinvitedtogiveareportonastronomy.我很兴奋应邀去作有关天文学的报告。❻Ifthere'sanythingwecando,we'dbeverypleasedtohelp.假如我们可以做点儿什么，我们会特别乐意帮忙。词语积累：pleasantlyadv.欢乐地pleasingadj.令人兴奋的；令人满足的pleasedadj.兴奋的，欢乐的；满足的即学即练单句语法填空①Ittookalongtimetocompletethework,butI'mverypleased__________theresults.②Iampleased____________(tell)youthatyouhavebeenconfirmedastheclub'snewcoach.③We'reso____________(please)thatyou'reabletocometothewedding.④Amy'sprogressthisyearhasbeenvery____________(please).⑤Wetalked____________(pleasant)ofoldtimes.完成句子⑥Ibegantofeelunmistakablyoutofplaceinthat______________________________(欢乐的家庭圈子).13.violencen．暴力行为，暴力；猛烈；激烈(教材P31)．..hehadbeendriventothisactofviolencebyliterallygettingwetjustoncetoooften.……他还是因为实在是一再被淋湿，做出了这种暴力行为。(1)violenceagainstwomen对妇女的暴力allactofviolence暴力行为doviolenceto对……施暴answerviolencewithviolence以暴制暴take...byviolence强夺…(2)violentcrime暴力犯罪violentstorms暴风骤雨violentfilms暴力影片tooviolentforuse运用起来太暴力❶TheconsequenceofwatchingviolenceonTVisserious.在电视上看暴力内容的后果是严峻的。❷Theythreatenthemwithviolence.他们对其进行暴力威逼。❸Additionally,violentcrimeshouldalsobepaidmoreattentionto.此外，暴力犯罪也应受到更多关注。❹Therobberfrequentlytookthepassengers'belongingsbyviolence.劫匪常常用暴力夺取乘客的财物。词语积累：violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；暴力的violentlyadv.猛烈地Theviolentconflictresultedinawaratlast.暴力冲突最终导致了一场斗争。Somepeoplecrowdedintothegalleryviolently,damagingsomepaintings.一些人暴力地挤进画廊，结果损坏了一些画。归纳拓展：crimes/acts/threatsofviolence暴力犯罪/行为/威逼domesticviolence家庭暴力aviolentreactionfromsb.某人的猛烈反应即学即练单句语法填空①Achainof____________(violence)eruptionofthevolcanoshockedthelocalpeople.②Justnow,twocarshiteachother____________(violence),andtheconsequenceissoserious.③Itwoulddoviolence____________hisprinciplestodisturbothers.④Additionally,somevaluablebookswerealsotakenaway____________violence.完成句子⑤________________(暴力犯罪)isnotlimitedtooutskirts.⑥Thosesociologistswerecaughtina________________(暴风骤雨)onthewaytothatvillage.14.toleratevt.忍受；忍耐；容忍，容许；宽容；能经受(教材P31)Hecouldnolongertolerateit.他忍无可忍了。tolerate(doing)sth.容忍/容许(做)某事betolerantof...容忍……；忍受……；能耐……的find/makesth.difficulttotolerate发觉/使得某物难以忍受toleranceof/forsb./sth.对某人/某事宽容/容忍tolerancetosth.忍受得了某物，对某物有耐性alackoftolerance缺乏宽容❶Thereisalimittowhatonepersoncantolerate.一个人的忍耐是有限度的。❷Thissortofbehaviourwillnotbetolerated.这种行为是不能容许的。❸Fewplantswilltoleratesuddenchangesintemperature.很少有植物会经受得住气温的突然变更。词语积累：tolerantadj.宽容的；容忍的；能耐……的tolerancen．容忍；宽容；忍耐力归纳拓展：havenotoleranceforsth./sb.容不得某事/某人如：Shehadnotoleranceforjokesofanykinds.她容不得任何玩笑。即学即练单句语法填空①Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima____________(tolerate)smileandlethimgo.②Ourschoolwon'ttolerate____________(cheat)inexams.Ifcaught,youwillgetseverelypunished.③They____________(tolerance)long,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride.④Hehasnotolerance____________peoplewhoarenotlikehim.⑤Thepolicyrequiredgreatertolerance____________foreigners.完成句子⑥这位母亲对她儿子的暴力行为特别宽容。Themother________________________herson'sviolentbehaviour.15.unsuspectingadj.无提防之心的，无疑心的；未料到的，未猜想到的(教材P31)Unfortunately,thewaterhesentoverhisbalconyeverydayendedupontheMcKays'floor,ortoooften,ontheunsuspectingMcKaysthemselves.但不幸的是，他每天在阳台上浇的水最终都落到迈奇家的地板上，也常常洒在毫无防备的迈奇夫妇身上。unsuspectingvictims毫无戒备的受害者suspectsb./sth.怀疑某人/某事suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做)某事suspectsb.as/tobe...怀疑某人是……suspectsb.tohavesth.怀疑某人有某物suspectthat...怀疑……besuspiciousof/about怀疑……❶Shethrewasurprisepartyforherunsuspectinghusband.她为她毫不知情的丈夫举办了一个惊喜聚会。❷Theemperorsuspectedhimofhavingstolenthejewel.皇帝怀疑他偷了珠宝。❸Theoldmanfrownedandsuspectedhimtobealiar.老人皱了皱眉，怀疑他是个骗子。❹Manyofthemsuspectedhimtohavethathouseillegally.他们中很多人怀疑他非法拥有那所房子。词语积累：unsuspectinglyadv.信任地suspectv．猜想，觉得；怀疑n.嫌疑犯；可疑分子suspiciousadj.怀疑的suspectedadj.被怀疑的；不行信的；被怀疑有……罪的经典例句：Isuspectthathewillmarryher.我怀疑他会跟她结婚这事。即学即练单句语法填空①Theman____________(suspect)ofmurdersatinthechairshivering.②____________(suspect)thetruthofthedocument,sherefusedtosignit.③Ifyoususpectsomeone____________doinganactionofthiskind,youcanreporttotheownerofthegrocery.④Toouramazement,sheshouldsuspecthim____________(be)adishonestperson.⑤Shethrewasurprisepartyforthe____________(suspect)orphan.⑥Hewassitting____________(unsuspecting)nearthewomanwhowassobbing.16.keenadj.着迷的，有猛烈爱好的；渴望；敏锐的bekeenon(doing)sth.对……着迷；热衷于……bekeentodosth.渴望做某事bekeenthat...渴望……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形\”)haveakeeneyeforsth.对某事物有敏锐的眼光❶You'renotkeenongoing,areyou？你不太想去，是吗？❷Johnwasverykeentohelp.约翰很热心，情愿帮忙。“渴望\”表达法荟萃wishfor/hopeforsth.bedyingforsth.beeager/anxioustodosth.beeager/anxiousforsth.long/desiretodosth.long/desireforsth.即学即练单句语法填空①Ithasalwaysbeenanattractionforthosewhoarekeen________anythingthatisChinese.②Shehasbecomekeen________herownfamilyhistoryandthatofothers.③Ifyoulikeastronomy,youmaybekeenon________(collect)stampsdescribingthestars,planets，spacecraft,spacemen,etc.④Theyarekeen________(see)rarebirdsatthedestination.17.bothervt.&vi.(使)担忧，(使)生气，(使)苦恼；打搅；费心，操劳；花费时间精力(做某事)n．令人烦扰的人或事；烦扰(教材P31)Sheaddedthatitwasn'tonlythewaterfallingontotheirbalconyfromSmithwateringhisplantsthatbotheredthem,butalsothewayhecleanedhisfishtanks.她还说，困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水，还有他清理鱼缸的方式。bothersb.withsth.为某事打搅或麻烦某人botherabout/withsth.为某事苦恼bothertodosth.费心做某事Itbotherssb.todosth./that...使某人苦恼的是……❶Idon'twanttobotheryouwithmyhardship.我不想让你因为我的苦难而担忧。❷It'snotworthbotheringwithallumbrella—theminibusisjustoutside.不必打伞——小型公共汽车就在外面。❸WhybothertogotoItalyandDenmark,whentherearesomanyniceplaceshere？这里有这么多好地方，为什么还要费劲去意大利和丹麦呢？词语辨析：bother,disturb与interruptbother指为小事所“烦扰\”，带有略微埋怨的意味。disturb侧重扰乱某种状态或秩序。interrupt侧重打断某活动的进程，使其不能进行下去。经典例句：Doesitbotheryouthatshedifferswithyouonthat?在那一点上她与你看法不一样，你感到苦恼吗？