2022年广东省佛山市高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题

2021~2022学年下学期佛山市普通高中教学质量检测高一英语第二部分阅读（共三节，满分40分）第二节阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFromtheoutside,TaylorSwift—an11-timeGrammyAwardwinnerwith55.5millionmonthlyonlinelisteners—seemstobeusedtosuccess.ButatNewYorkUniversity’sgraduationceremonyinMayof2022,the32-year-oldcountrymusicsinger-songwritertoldherschoolmatesthatherachievementswerereallyaresultofsomethingelse:momentsofrejection(否决).“ThetimesIwastold‘no’orwasn’tincluded,wasn’tchosen,didn’twin-lookingback,itreallyfeelslikethosemomentswereasimportantas.Ifnotmoresignificantthan,themomentsIwastold‘yes.’”Swiftsaid.Swiftsaidthosedepressingmomentsmadeherfeel“hopelesslylonely”growingup,startingataveryyoungage.Asakid,shesaid,shewouldbeangryaboutnotgettinginvitedtosleepovers(在外过夜).Sherememberedconnectingwithmusicmanagersatage13,andbeingtoldthat“only35-year-oldhousewiveslistentocountrymusic.”Herresponsestothosemomentswereimpressive.Aloneinherroom,she’dwritesongs“thatwouldgetmeaticketsomewhereelse.”Shepostedsongsonlineandconnectedwithotherteenagecountryfansonline.Workingonhermusicandherself—insteadofthinkingaboutbeingtold“no”—paidoff.Shesignedadevelopmentdealatage13,hadasongwritingcontractayearlaterandarecordingcontractbyage15,releasedherfirstalbumatage16,andwonfourGrammysatage20in2010.Heradvicetotheclassof2022:Learntolivewiththosediscouragingexperiences.“Myexperiencehasbeenthatmymistakesledtothebestthingsinmylife,”shesaid.“Andbeingembarrassedwhenyoumessup?It’spartofthehumanexperience.Gettingbackup,dustingyourselfoffandseeingwhostillwantstohangoutwithyouafterwardandlaughaboutit,that’sagift.”1.WhatledtohersuccessaccordingtoTaylorSwift?A.Herambitiontowinanaward. B.Thesupportfromonlinelisteners.C.Theimportantmomentsinherlife. D.Herexperiencesofbeingrefused.2.WhichisTaylor’sreactiontoherdepressingmoments?A.Composingsongs. B.Sharingherstories.C.Makingfriendsonline. D.Reflectingonherfailure.3.WhatcanwelearnfromTaylorSwift’sstory?A.Educationisthekeytosuccess. B.Ourattitudetowardsfailurematters.C.It’simportanttoavoidourmistakes. D.Weshouldworkhardsinceanearlyage.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了四次获得格莱美奖的音乐人TaylorSwift是怎样在沮丧时刻，采取乐观积极的态度，创作歌曲，从而获得成功的。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“ButatNewYorkUniversity’sgraduationceremonyinMayof2022,the32-year-oldcountrymusicsinger-songwritertoldherschoolmatesthatherachievementswerereallyaresultofsomethingelse:momentsofrejection(否决)(但在2022年5月纽约大学的毕业典礼上，这位32岁的乡村音乐歌手兼词曲作者告诉她的同学，她的成就其实是其他东西的结果：被拒绝的时刻)”可知，TaylorSwift认为她被拒绝的经历促成了她的成功。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Sherememberedconnectingwithmusicmanagersatage13,andbeingtoldthat“only35-year-oldhousewiveslistentocountrymusic.”(她记得13岁时与音乐经理联系过，被告知“只有35岁的家庭主妇听乡村音乐。”)”和第四段中的“Herresponsestothosemomentswereimpressive.Aloneinherroom,she’dwritesongs‘thatwouldgetmeaticketsomewhereelse.’(她对这些时刻的反应令人印象深刻。她独自一人在房间里写着歌曲‘这会给我一张去别处的票’)”可知，TaylorSwift对自己沮丧时刻的反应是创作歌曲。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Heradvicetotheclassof2022:Learntolivewiththosediscouragingexperiences.(她对2022届毕业生的建议是：学会接受那些令人沮丧的经历)”和“Andbeingembarrassedwhenyoumessup?It’spartofthehumanexperience.Gettingbackup,dustingyourselfoffandseeingwhostillwantstohangoutwithyouafterwardandlaughaboutit,that’sagift.(当你陷入困境时会感到尴尬吗？这是人类体验的一部分。站起来，掸掉身上的灰尘，看看谁之后还想和你在一起，并为此而大笑，这是一种礼物)”及其他内容可知，文章主要描述了四次获得格莱美奖的音乐人TaylorSwift是怎样在沮丧时刻，采取乐观积极的态度，创作歌曲，从而获得成功的，从她的故事中我们要学到沮丧时，我们对待失败的态度很重要，我们要选择积极乐观。故选B项。BWomencry4,680timesovertheiradultlifetime—morethantwiceasmuchasmen,astudyhasfound.SadTVshowsorbooks,tirednessandargumentstheirpartnermeantheaveragewomanwillcrysixtimesamonth.Incomparison,menwillshedatearjustthreetimesamonth.Butthestudyfoundmenarelessembarrassed(难为情)aboutcryinginfrontofothers,withfourin10sayingtheywouldn’tbebotheredaboutsheddingatearinpubliccomparedtojustathirdofwomen.PsychologistEmmaKennysaid,“Whilewomenareusuallyassociatedwithcrying,theresultsofthisstudyactuallyshowthatmenarenowfeelingthatit’sacceptabletoshowtheiremotionsthroughcrying.And,differentfromwhatisusuallybelieved,theresultsactuallysuggestthatwomenfeelembarrassedwhentheylettheiremotionsshow.”Thestudyof2,000adultsfound51%ofwomenadmittobeingabigcrier—cryingoftenoratlittlethings.Butfarfromshyingawayfromit,threein10menarealsohappytoadmittheyoftenshedatear.AsadTVshow,movieorbookismostlikelytoleavewomenwatery-eyed,whilementearupatsadmomentsormemories.Otherreasonsforcryingincludefunerals,griefandanxiety.Butwomenaremorelikelytocryhappytears,with40%admittingtosheddingatearforagoodreason,somethingjust24%ofmendo.Andwhile64%ofwomenadmittocryingfornoreason,justthreein10mencansaythesame.Thestudyalsofoundanemotional44%ofmenhavecriedinpublic,alongwithahuge80%ofwomen.Cryinginfrontofpeopleyouworkwithwouldleavemanyfeelingmostembarrassed,followedbytheirboss,strangersandacquaintances.Butalmostonein10admittheywouldbeleftred-facediftheyshedatearinfrontoftheirfamilymembers.4.WhatisacommonbeliefaboutwomenaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Theycrywhenindepression.B.Theyseldomcryfornoreason.C.Theyexpressemotionsthroughcrying.D.Theywon’tfeelembarrassedwhencrying5.Womenwouldfeelmostashamedwhencryinginfrontof______.A.husbands B.friends C.workmates D.strangers6.Howdoesthepassagepresentthefindingsofthestudy?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Bygivingtypicalexamples.C.Byusingtheexperts’words. D.Byofferingfactsandopinions.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MenAlsoCryInFrontOfOthersB.WomenCryMuchMoreThanMenC.WomenAreMoreLikelyToCryinPublicD.WomenAndMenCryinDifficultSituations【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明：女性比男性哭得多，介绍了其原因以及表现。【4题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“And,differentfromwhatisusuallybelieved,theresultsactuallysuggestthatwomenfeelembarrassedwhentheylettheiremotionsshow.(而且，与通常认为的不同，结果实际上表明，当女性让自己的情绪表现出来时，会感到尴尬)”可知，研究实际结果是当女性让自己的情绪表现出来时，她们会感到尴尬，可得出人们通常认为女性哭的时候不会觉得尴尬。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Cryinginfrontofpeopleyouworkwithwouldleavemanyfeelingmostembarrassed,followedbytheirboss,strangersandacquaintances.(在同事面前哭泣会让很多人感到最尴尬，其次是他们的老板、陌生人和熟人)”可知，女性在同事面前哭的时候会觉得最羞愧。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Butthestudyfoundmenarelessembarrassed(难为情)aboutcryinginfrontofothers,withfourin10sayingtheywouldn’tbebotheredaboutsheddingatearinpubliccomparedtojustathirdofwomen.(但研究发现，男性在别人面前哭泣时不那么尴尬，十分之四的男性表示，他们不介意在公共场合流泪，而只有三分之一的女性这么认为)”，第三段“Thestudyof2,000adultsfound51%ofwomenadmittobeingabigcrier—cryingoftenoratlittlethings.Butfarfromshyingawayfromit,threein10menarealsohappytoadmittheyoftenshedatear.(这项对2000名成年人的研究发现，51%的女性承认自己是一个爱哭的人，经常哭或为小事哭。但是，十分之三的男性非但没有回避，反而乐于承认自己经常流泪)”和最后一段中的“Thestudyalsofoundanemotional44%ofmenhavecriedinpublic,alongwithahuge80%ofwomen.(研究还发现，44%的男性在公共场合情绪激动地哭过，80%的女性在公共场合哭过)”可知，这篇文章是通过比较女性和男性呈现研究结果的。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“Womencry4,680timesovertheiradultlifetime—morethantwiceasmuchasmen,astudyhasfound.SadTVshowsorbooks,tirednessandargumentstheirpartnermeantheaveragewomanwillcrysixtimesamonth.Incomparison,menwillshedatearjustthreetimesamonth.(一项研究发现，女性成年后哭泣4680次，是男性的两倍多。悲伤的电视节目或书籍、疲惫和与伴侣的争吵意味着普通女性每个月会哭六次。相比之下，男性一个月只会流泪三次)”和其他内容可知，本文讲述了女性比男性哭得多，介绍了其原因以及表现，B项“女性哭得比男性多”符合文意。故选B项。CFewlanguagesaresoconnectedwiththeirwrittenfromChinese.Justthementionofthelanguagecallstomindacomplex,beautifuland—tooutsiders—mysteriouswritingsystem.TheChinesethemselvesareextraordinarilyproudofit.Withoutdoubt,thought,itishard.Itscharactersareusuallyconstructed(构建)bysmallerpieces,andlearningtowritethemisalwaysahugechallenge,eventhouthepiecesmighthelpusguessthemeaningandpronunciationofacharacter.Tomakecharacter-learningeasier,acommitteecreatednewroman-lettertranscription(标注)ofChinesecalledPinyinin1955.RegularuseofPinyinwasonceuncommonformostChinesepeople,butthesedaysitispopular:itisimportantforday-to-dayinteractionwithcomputers.Peopleuseittowriteonkeyboardsandsmartphones,enteringthespellingandchoosingtherightcharacterfromamenuofhomophones(同音词).OthersystemsusethekeystocombinethepiecesofaChinesecharacter,butitismuchmoredifficulttolearn.InternationaluseofChinesehasnotgrownatthepaceofChina’seconomy.Thedifficultyoflearningthewrittenlanguageisundoubtedlyonereasonwhy.Thedifficultiesofusingitonacomputerareanother.ItishardtoimaginetwoforeignerswritingtoeachotherinChineseasmanydoinEnglish.Thatmightonedaychangeastechnologyisbecomingmorehelpful.Today,AI(artificialintelligence)hasmadeinputtingcharacterseasier.Fromsurroundingwords,newsystemscanguesswhichChinesecharacterauserwants.Peoplehaveseencomputer’smuch-improvedrecognitionoftheirhandwriting.Andspeech-to-textsoftwarehasadvancedforeverylanguage,meaningthatfewerusersevenneedtotouchakeyboardto“write”Chinese.Withmoderntechnology,younolongerneedthegreatmemoryofascholartolearnChinese—ablessingforforeignlearnersaswellasnatives.ThoughunlikelytotaketheplaceofEnglish.Chinesemaybegintohaveamorepowerfulglobalrole.8.WhichmakesChinesedifficulttolearnaccordingtothetext?A.Itsconfusingwrittenform. B.Itsspecialpronunciation.C.Theconstructionofitscharacters. D.Thevariousmeaningsofeachcharacter.9.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.ThecreationofPinyin. B.ThedevelopmentofPinyin.C.ThecomplexityofPinyin. D.ThemethodtolearnPinyin.10.Whatbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudeonthefutureofChinese?A.Proud. B.Uninterested. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.【答案】8.C9.B10.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了汉语以及汉语拼音的发展以及前景。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“Withoutdoubt,thought,itishard.Itscharactersareusuallyconstructed(构建)bysmallerpieces,andlearningtowritethemisalwaysahugechallenge,eventhouthepiecesmighthelpusguessthemeaningandpronunciationofacharacter.(毫无疑问，这很难。汉字通常由较小的片段组成，学习书写它们总是一个巨大的挑战，即使这些片段也可能帮助我们猜测汉字的含义和发音)”可知，汉字通常由较小的片段组成，书写很难，可得出汉字的构成使学习汉语很难。故选C项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。由第三段中的“Tomakecharacter-learningeasier,acommitteecreatednewroman-lettertranscription(标注)ofChinesecalledPinyinin1955.RegularuseofPinyinwasonceuncommonformostChinesepeople,butthesedaysitispopular:itisimportantforday-to-dayinteractionwithcomputers.Peopleuseittowriteonkeyboardsandsmartphones,enteringthespellingandchoosingtherightcharacterfromamenuofhomophones(同音词).OthersystemsusethekeystocombinethepiecesofaChinesecharacter,butitismuchmoredifficulttolearn.(为了简化汉字学习，一个委员会于1955年创建了一种新的中文罗马字母拼音。对大多数中国人来说，经常使用拼音曾经是不常见的，但现在它很流行：它对日常与电脑的互动很重要。人们用它在键盘和智能手机上写字，输入拼写并从同音词菜单中选择正确的字符。其他系统使用键来组合汉字，但学习起来要困难得多)”可知，第三段主要讲拼音的发展。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“Withmoderntechnology,younolongerneedthegreatmemoryofascholartolearnChinese—ablessingforforeignlearnersaswellasnatives.ThoughunlikelytotaketheplaceofEnglish.Chinesemaybegintohaveamorepowerfulglobalrole.(随着现代科技的发展，学习汉语不再需要学者的记忆，这对外国学习者和本地人都是一种祝福。虽然不太可能取代英语。汉语可能开始在全球扮演更强大的角色)”可知，学习汉语将变得简单，汉语也会在全球扮演更强大的角色，可得出作者对汉语未来发展持“积极的”态度。故选D项。第二节语句排序（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）11.将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D和E）按题号推序，构成一个符合泛辑的完整语篇。A.Besidesgivingthosewonderfulclasses,shetolduswemustmakegreatefforts.Shewantedustodoalot,andalsotoldherselftodoalot.Sheputinalotofhardworkandlatenights.B.MissGaowasmyhighschoolChineseteacherinmyhometown,andshestillteachestheretoday.Shetaughtmetobeabetterwriterandbetterreader.Butaboveall,shetaughtmehowtobeabetterstudent.C.IwouldnotbewhereIamtodaywithoutthiskindofdevotion.Thereareagreatnumberofotherextraordinaryteacherslikeherinthewholecountry.Theyarereallyimportanttoastudent’sfutureandtothefutureofeducationinthiscountry.Theyaremyheroes.D.Thinkingofteachersinmylife.IalwaysfeelI’msolucky.Iwenttogreatschools,andIhadexcellentteachersthroughoutmylife.AndmyfavoritewasMissGaoFei.E.Inherclass,Iwasn’tjusttaughtaboutgreatliterature,Iwasencouragedtohavesomethingtosay.Iwasfreetosharemyideasandopinions,withoutbeingafraidofjudgment.Shealwaysbelievedinherstudents’ability.Therewasnevertalkofwhatwecouldn’tdo.【答案】DBEAC【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者最喜欢的老师高斐女士，高斐女士在课内外通过不同形式影响着作者，教会作者如何成为一个更好的学生，作者尊重她和其他教师。【详解】1.文章第一句应为D项“Thinkingofteachersinmylife.IalwaysfeelI’msolucky.Iwenttogreatschools,andIhadexcellentteachersthroughoutmylife.AndmyfavoritewasMissGaoFei.(想想我生命中的老师。我总是觉得自己很幸运。我上过好学校，我一生都有优秀的老师。我最喜欢的是高斐女士)”，引出作者最喜欢的老师高斐女士的话题，为下文介绍高斐女士做铺垫。故选D项。2.文章第二句应为B项“MissGaowasmyhighschoolChineseteacherinmyhometown,andshestillteachestheretoday.Shetaughtmetobeabetterwriterandbetterreader.Butaboveall,shetaughtmehowtobeabetterstudent.(高斐女士是我家乡学校的高中语文老师，她今天还在那里教书。她教会我成为一个更好的作家和读者。但最重要的是，她教会了我如何成为一个更好的学生)”，介绍高斐女士的具体情况，及对作者如何成为一个更好学生的影响。故选B项。3.文章第三句应为E项“Inherclass,Iwasn’tjusttaughtaboutgreatliterature,Iwasencouragedtohavesomethingtosay.Iwasfreetosharemyideasandopinions,withoutbeingafraidofjudgment.Shealwaysbelievedinherstudents’ability.Therewasnevertalkofwhatwecouldn’tdo.(在她的课堂上，我不仅学到了伟大的文学，还被鼓励说点什么。我可以自由地分享我的想法和观点，而不必害怕评判。她总是相信学生的能力。从来没有说过我们做不到的事)”，讲高斐女士具体在课堂上，从哪些方面影响作者如何成为一个更好的学生。故选E项。4.文章第四句应为A项“Besidesgivingthosewonderfulclasses,shetolduswemustmakegreatefforts.Shewantedustodoalot,andalsotoldherselftodoalot.Sheputinalotofhardworkandlatenights.(除了上那些精彩的课外，她还告诉我们必须努力。她希望我们做很多，也告诉自己要做很多。她投入了大量的辛勤工作和深夜)”，讲高斐女士除了在课堂上，在课堂外也影响作者如何成为一个更好的学生。故选A项。5.文章第五句应为C项“IwouldnotbewhereIamtodaywithoutthiskindofdevotion.Thereareagreatnumberofotherextraordinaryteacherslikeherinthewholecountry.Theyarereallyimportanttoastudent’sfutureandtothefutureofeducationinthiscountry.Theyaremyheroes.(如果没有这种奉献精神，我就不会有今天。全国还有很多像她这样的优秀教师。他们对学生的未来和这个国家的教育未来都非常重要。他们是我的英雄)”，升华主题，讲明正是这些无私奉献的教师，才造就了今天的作者，他们是英雄。故选C项。故答案为：DBEAC第三节选句填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分0分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项Sometimeswejustcan’tavoidadiscussionturningintoanargument.Ifyoudostartarguingwithsomeone.itisimportanttokeepthingsundercontrolandtherearewaystodothis.Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.Thatwilljustmaketheotherpersonlosetheirtempertoo.____12____Say“I’msorry”andcontinuetotalkcalmlyandquietly,andthenyourpartnerwillbemorereadytothinkaboutwhatyouaresaying.____13____Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.Justconcentrateonsolvingtheoneproblemyouarehaving.Forexample,ifyou’rearguingaboutthehousework,don’tstarttalkingaboutmobilephonebillsaswell.Andmyfinaltipisthat,ifnecessary,youcancall“Timeout”,likeinasportsmatch.Ifanargumentisgettingoutofcontrol,youcansaytotheotherperson,“listen,I’drathertalkaboutthistomorrowwhenwe’vebothcalmeddown”.Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.____14____Also,youmayfindtheproblemmucheasiertosolvewhenyou’vebothhadagoodnight’ssleep.Iwanttosayonelastimportantthing.____15____Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.Ifyoudon’tlearntoargueproperly,thenwhenarealproblemcomesalong,youwon’tbepreparedtofaceittogether.Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.____16____A.Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.B.Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.C.Youmaybelievethatarguingisimpossibletoavoid.D.Thesecondthingisthatyoushouldfindagoodtopic.E.Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.F.Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.G.Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.【答案】12.G13.A14.F15.B16.E【解析】【导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要告诉我们，当我们无法避免把一场讨论变成一场争论时，控制争论是很重要的，以及控制争论的一些方法。【12题详解】本段第一句Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.(最重要的是：不要提高嗓门。)是本段主题句，G项“Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.(如果你发现自己在这样做，停下来，并且深呼吸。)”对此主题句做出进一步解释，其中的指示代词this指的就是上文的“提高嗓门”，即“如果你发现自己提高了嗓门，就请停下来，并且深呼吸。”故选G项。【13题详解】下文“Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.(尽量专注于你所谈论的话题。)”谈的是要尽量专注于你所谈论的话题，并且举例说明，是对段首句的解释。所以此空位于句首，A项“Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.(不要离题也是非常重要的。)”作为段落主题句，符合题意。故选Ａ项。【14题详解】上文“Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.(第二天你们可以继续讨论，也许那时你们俩都感到不那么紧张和愤怒了。)”说的是暂停并冷静之后的好处就是“不再感到那么紧张和愤怒了”。所以接着用F项“Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.(当你们都冷静时，你们更有可能达成协议。)”继续说暂停并冷静之后的好处是“有可能达成协议”。故选Ｆ项。【15题详解】下文“Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.(这不是真的。冲突是生活的正常部分，处理它是任何关系的重要组成部分。)”中的“This”就是指上文B项“Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.(有些人认为争论总是不好的。)，即“争论总是不好的”这种认为不是真的。然后继续解释，有争论有冲突都是正常的事。故选Ｂ项。【16题详解】上文“Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.(你可以把这些小小的争论看作是训练。学习如何清晰而公平地争论。)”告诉我们如何去争论，E项“Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.(这将帮助你们的关系变得更牢固，持续得更久。)”进一步说明这样做的好处，其中代词it指代的就是上文内容。故选Ｅ项。第三部分综合应用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HarperGagewas5yearsoldwhenshetookpartintheworldKartingAssociation’snationalgo-kart(卡丁车)race.Harperthoughtshewould____17____inthetophalfforheragegroup.Butherfirstseasonasago-kartracerdidnotendthewayshe____18____.Harperwasthesixthoutof17racersneartheendoftheeight-laprace.____19____,hercar’senginediedwithonlytwolapstogo.“She’spretty____20____.”hermother,LaurenGage,saidaftertherace.“Butweareso____21____ofher.”Justoneyear,Lauren____22____thatherdaughtershouldrace.Harperwasbornwithhearinglossinbothears.____23____,shecanhearclearlywhenwearshearingdevices.Butthedevicesdon’tfitunderHarper’sracehelmet(头盔),sosheraces____24____them.Harperdoesn’tthinkhearinglossputsher____25____intherace.Theenginesareso_____26_____.Harpersaidthatshecanhearwhenanothercariscloseandreadytogetaheadofher.Harperlearnedaboutgo-kartsatage3andloveditwhenherfamily_____27_____aracetrack.Shetoldherparentsshewantedto_____28_____it,too.LaurenwasworriedthatHarperwouldcrashintoanothergo-kartsinceshewouldn’t_____29_____it.ButTomGageHarper’sfather,toldhiswifethattheirdaughterwouldbeOK.WhenHarperturned5,heramateur(业余的)racingcareerbegan,butshewishestorace_____30_____oneday.Whenaskedabouther_____31_____,Harpershylygiggledandsaid,“Iwanttodrivefast.”17.A.finish B.fail C.giveup D.fallover18.A.feared B.required C.planned D.promised19.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Instead20.A.afraid B.worried C.nervous D.disappointed21.A.tired B.proud C.ashamed D.fond22.A.doubted B.suggested C.ordered D.thought23.A.Surprisingly B.Gradually C.Fortunately D.Suddenly24.A.toward B.against C.without D.for25.A.atrisk B.introuble C.inabadmood D.atadisadvantage26.A.special B.loud C.heavy D.advanced27.A.left B.built C.bought D.visited28.A.watch B.drive C.make D.appreciate29.A.like B.hear C.control D.feel30.A.professionally B.smoothly C.bravely D.effortlessly31.A.beliefs B.careers C.difficulties D.goals【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.D21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.B27.D28.B29.B30.A31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了天生失聪的HarperGage，在5岁时参加了世界卡丁车协会全国卡丁车比赛。【17题详解】考查动词词义或短语辨析。句意：哈珀认为她会在这个年龄段的上半场结束比赛。A.finish结束；B.fail失败；C.giveup放弃；D.fallover摔倒。由上文的“HarperGagewas5yearsoldwhenshetookpartintheworldKartingAssociation’snationalgo-kart(卡丁车)race.(哈珀·盖奇5岁时参加了世界卡丁车协会的全国卡丁车比赛)”和下文的“herfirstseasonasago-kartracerdidnotend(哈珀作为卡丁车赛车手的第一个赛季并没有结束)”及“neartheendoftheeight-laprace(在八圈比赛接近尾声时)”可知，5岁的哈珀参加卡丁车比赛，她的第一个赛季并没有结束，继续比赛到最后，可得出因为她年龄小，她原以为她会在这个年龄段的上半场结束比赛。故选A项。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她作为卡丁车赛车手的第一个赛季并没有按计划结束。A.feared害怕；B.required需要；C.planned计划；D.promised承诺。由上文的“HarperGagewas5yearsoldwhenshetookpartintheworldKartingAssociation’snationalgo-kart(卡丁车)race.(哈珀·盖奇5岁时参加了世界卡丁车协会的全国卡丁车比赛)”，上文的“herfirstseasonasago-kartracerdidnotend(哈珀作为卡丁车赛车手的第一个赛季并没有结束)”及下文的“neartheendoftheeight-laprace(在八圈比赛接近尾声时)”可知，5岁的哈珀参加卡丁车比赛，因为她年龄小，她原以为她会在这个年龄段的上半场结束比赛，但她继续比赛到最后，说明她的第一个赛季没有按计划结束。故选C项。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的汽车引擎在只剩两圈的时候就熄火了。A.However然而；B.Besides此外；C.Therefore因此；D.Instead反而。由上文的“Harperwasthesixthoutof17racersneartheendoftheeight-laprace.(在八圈比赛接近尾声时，哈珀在17名选手中排名第六)”和下文的“hercar’senginediedwithonlytwolapstogo(她的汽车引擎在只剩两圈的时候就熄火了)”可知，哈珀比赛情势大好，汽车引擎却熄火了，前后转折关系，用However。故选A项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她非常失望。”她的母亲劳伦·盖奇赛后说。A.afraid害怕的；B.worried担忧的；C.nervous紧张的；D.disappointed失望的。由上文的“hercar’senginediedwithonlytwolapstogo(她的汽车引擎在只剩两圈的时候就熄火了)”可知，比赛接近尾声时，汽车引擎却熄火了，这意味着哈珀无缘好成绩，当然感到失望。故选D项。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但我们为她感到骄傲。”A.tired疲倦的；B.proud骄傲的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.fond喜爱的。由全文语境可知，天生失聪的HarperGage能在比赛中坚持到最后，虽然无缘好成绩，但也很让父母感到骄傲了。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅仅一年，劳伦就怀疑她的女儿是否应该参加比赛。A.doubted怀疑；B.suggested建议；C.ordered命令；D.thought想。由下文的“Harperwasbornwithhearinglossinbothears.(哈珀天生双耳失聪)”可知，针对于哈珀天生双耳失聪的情况，她妈妈怀疑哈珀是否应该参加比赛。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当她戴上助听器时，她能听得很清楚。A.Surprisingly惊人地；B.Gradually渐渐；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Suddenly突然。由下文的“shecanhearclearlywhenwearshearingdevices(当她戴上助听器时，她能听得很清楚)”可知，天生双耳失聪的哈珀在助听器的帮助下可以听见，这是一件幸运的事。故选C项。【24题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：但是助听器不能放在哈珀的比赛头盔下，因此她在没有它们的情况下比赛。A.toward朝向；B.against反对；C.without没有；D.for为了。由上文的“thedevicesdon’tfitunderHarper’sracehelmet(头盔)(助听器不能放在哈珀的比赛头盔下)”可知，哈珀没带助听器参加比赛。故选C项。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：哈珀认为听力损失不会使她在比赛中处于不利地位。A.atrisk在危险中；B.introuble陷入困境；C.inabadmood心情不好；D.atadisadvantage处于不利的境地。由常识可知，人们认为听力损失是缺点，会让人处于不利地位，但哈珀不这样想。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：引擎太响了。A.special特殊的；B.loud大声的；C.heavy沉重的；D.advanced先进的。由下文的“shecanhearwhenanothercariscloseandreadytogetaheadofher(当另一辆车靠近并准备超越她时，她可以听到)”可知，没戴助听器的哈珀能听见靠近赛车的声音，说明引擎太响了。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈珀在3岁时学会了卡丁车，当她的家人参观赛车场时，她很喜欢卡丁车。A.left离开；B.built建立；C.bought买；D.visited参观。由下文的“aracetrack(赛车场)”可知，此处指哈珀和家人参观卡丁车赛车场。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉父母她也想开卡丁车。A.watch看；B.drive开车；C.make制作；D.appreciate欣赏。由上文的“Harperlearnedaboutgo-kartsatage3andlovedit(哈珀在3岁时学会了卡丁车且喜欢卡丁车)”可知，去到卡丁车赛车场的哈珀想开卡丁车。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：劳伦担心哈珀会撞上另一辆卡丁车，因为她听不见。A.like喜欢；B.hear听见；C.control控制；D.feel感觉。由上文的“Harperwasbornwithhearinglossinbothears.(哈珀天生双耳失聪)”可知，哈珀听不见周围的声音。故选B项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当哈珀5岁时，她的业余赛车生涯开始了，但她希望有一天能从事职业赛车。A.professionally职业地；B.smoothly顺利地；C.bravely勇敢地；D.effortlessly毫不费力地。but表转折，对应上文的“heramateur(业余的)racingcareer(她的业余赛车生涯)”，哈珀想从事职业赛车。故选A项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及她的目标时，哈珀害羞地咯咯笑着说：“我想开快车。”A.beliefs信仰；B.careers事业；C.difficulties困难；D.goals目标。由下文的“Iwanttodrivefast.(我想开快车)”可知，这是哈珀的目标。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题：每小题15分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处境人适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Iloveplayingthepiano.Sowhentherecital(演奏会)____32____(cancel)Iwasdisappointed.Ihadexpecteditforlong____33____alreadypreparedmybestsong.However,Momturnedthisintosomethingworthwhile.“Youshouldperformatthenursinghome.I’msuretheoldpeoplethere____34____(appreciate)themusic,”shesaid.IlikedthatideabecauseIwouldhavethechance____35____(cheer)theresidents,someof____36____didn’thavefamilies.Thedayfinallyarrived.____37____(walk)intothediningarea,Isawsomegray-hairedpeoplehavingdinner.Althoughtherewereconversationsattables,____38____(lonely)stillhunglikeadarkcloudintheroom.Afterintroductions,Isatdowninfrontofthepianoandbegantoplay.Thedinnerhourflewby.Onewomangotupandbegantodance____39____(happy)abouttheroomtothemusicwhilehershooktheirheads.Iwasamazedtoshowmusicbroughtbigsmilestotheir____40____(face).Cancellingtherecitalwasablessingbecauseitledtomysharingthegiftofmusic_____41_____thosewhoneededitmost.【答案】32.wascanceled##wascancelled33.and34.willappreciate##wouldappreciate35.tocheer36.whom37.Walking38.loneliness39.happily40.faces41.with【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者准备已久的演奏会被取消了，他去疗养院为住在那里的老人们表演，大家都很开心。【32题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：所以当独奏会取消时，我很失望。从句主语therecital和从句谓语动词cancel是被动关系，结合was可知事情已发生，时态用一般过去时的被动语态（was/weredone），从句主语therecital为单数，谓语单数形式。故填wascanceled/wascancelled。【33题详解】考查连词。句意：我期待了很久，已经准备好了我最好的歌。“hadexpecteditforlong”和“alreadypreparedmybestsong”是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。【34题详解】考查时态或情态动词。句意：我相信那里的老人会欣赏音乐的。该空作宾语从句的谓语，表将来可能发生的事情，用一般将来时（will+动词原形）；或用“情态动词would+动词原形”表达一种预期或设想，意为“会......”。故填willappreciate/wouldappreciate。【35题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我喜欢这个主意，因为我将有机会去鼓励那些住在那里老人，其中一些老人没有家人。名词chance后接动词不定式作后置定语，cheer用动词不定式形式。故填tocheer。【36题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我喜欢这个主意，因为我将有机会去鼓励那些住在那里的老人，其中一些老人没有家人。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是theresidents，指人，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词whom。故填whom。【37题详解】考查现在分词。句意：走进用餐区，我看到一些头发花白的人正在吃饭。本句已有谓语saw且无连词，动词walk用非谓语形式，逻辑主语I与动词walk是主谓关系，walk用现在分词表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Walking。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然餐桌上有人在交谈，但寂寞依然像乌云一样笼罩在房间里。抽象名词loneliness作主句主语，为不可数名词。故填loneliness。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：一个女人站起来，随着音乐在房间里欢快地跳舞，她摇着头。副词happily作状语，修饰动词dance。故填happily。【40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：我很惊讶地看到音乐给他们带来了灿烂的笑容。face(脸)是可数名词，空前有形容词性物主代词their修饰，应用其名词复数形式。故填faces。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：取消独奏会是一件幸事，因为这让我与最需要的人分享了音乐的礼物。固定搭配sharesth.withsb.(与某人分享某物)。故填with。第四部分词汇基础（共20分）第一节词义匹配（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）第一组根据句子内容，从每组选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A.tofillaspaceB.tosufferpainC.togetwellagainD.awishtodosomethingE.apersonseennotclearlyF.unforgettableormemorableG.givingsomeonesati