Unit+3+The+world+of+Science+Starting+out+ Understanding+ideas+词汇课件 高一英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

Unit

3

The

world

of

scienceStarting

out

&

Understanding

ideas1.

press

v.按；压；推；挤；催促

n.出版社；报刊；新闻界

＊pressure

n.压力（P25）Presently

I

am

going

to

press

the

lever,and

off

the

machine

will

go.现在我要按一下操纵杆,机器就开动了。拓展press

on

继续前进press

sb

to

do

sth

催促某人做某事the

local/national/foreign

press

地方/全国/外国报刊佳句Press

these

two

keys

to

switch

between

documents

on

screen.按这两个键就可以在屏幕上的文件之间进行切换。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）If________

（press）,he

will

admit

that

he

knew

about

the

affair.pressed（2）She________

（press）

her

face

against

the

window

but

saw

nothing

outside.pressed（3）This

smart

keyboard

precisely

measures

the

cadence

with

which

one

types

and

the

________

（press）

fingers

apply

to

each

key.pressure（4）We'll

talk

about

your

suggestion

later—now

let's

just

press

____.onⅡ.单句写作（5）If

trapped

in

the

elevator,

please

_________________________

immediately.

如果被困在电梯里,

请立即按紧急按钮。press

the

emergency

button（6）I

don't

want

to

___________________

to

make

a

decision,

but

we

don't

have

much

time

left.我不想给你施加压力让你做出决定，但我们剩下的时间不多了。put

pressure

on

you2.

shoot

v.（shot，shot）射出（光、亮等）；放射；射击；射中；拍摄；射门；投篮

＊shooting

n.射击；枪杀；拍摄（P25）A

faint

blue

light

shot

across

it,darkening

to

purple,and

presently

she

could

see

the

image

of

her

son...一道微弱的蓝光射过它,变暗成紫色,不久她就看到了她儿子的影像……拓展shoot

up

迅速长高；迅速上升shoot

at

朝……射击熟词生义shoot

n.芽；苗；嫩枝；（照片或电影的）拍摄Two

weeks

after

we

planted

the

seeds,

little

green

shoots

started

to

appear.我们播下种子两周后，绿色的小嫩芽就开始长出来了。I

went

on

a

photo

shoot

to

Rio

with

him.

我和他一起去里约拍照了。写出下列句中shoot的含义（1）Suddenly,a

beam

of

yellow

light

shot

across

the

room.______射出（2）The

police

had

orders

to

shoot

anyone

who

attacked

them.______射击（3）Spielberg's

career

really

took

off

when

he

began

to

shoot

his

short

films.______拍摄（4）He

missed

a

great

opportunity

to

shoot

at

goal.______射门3.

invention

n.发明；创意；创造

＊invent

v.发明；创造；虚构

＊inventor

n.发明家；创造者；发明者

＊inventive

adj.善于创新的；有创造力的（P26）Read

the

interview

and

find

out

what

inventions

are

mentioned.阅读这则采访,找出文中提到了什么发明。拓展a

patent

on/of

an

invention

一项发明专利权be

inventive

with...在……有创造力佳句Papermaking

was

a

wonderful

invention

at

the

time.造纸术在当时是一项了不起的发明。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）We

really

don't

know

who

_________（invent）

the

machine

at

that

time.invented（2）The_________

（invent）

boy

was

admired

by

the

classmates

around

him.inventiveⅡ.单句写作（3）The

little

problems

that

we

meet

in

our

daily

lives

may

be

_____________________________.

我们在日常生活中遇到的小麻烦有可能成为伟大发明的灵感。inspirations

for

great

inventions4.

flexible

adj.易弯曲的；柔韧的；灵活的；有弹性的

＊flexibility

n.柔韧性；灵活性

＊flexibly

adv.易曲地；柔软地；灵活地

＊inflexible

adj.缺乏弹性的；僵化的（P26）For

example，advances

in

virtual

reality

and

wearable

tech，as

well

as

the

flexible

battery，mean

we

should

soon

be

seeing

further

developments.

例如,虚拟现实、可穿戴技术以及软性电池的进步,意味着我们很快就会看到进一步的发展。拓展flexible

working

hours

弹性工作时间be

flexible

in

...

在……方面很灵活be

inflexible

on

...

在……方面很顽固佳句You

need

to

be

more

flexible

and

imaginative

in

your

approach.

你的方法必须更加灵活，更富有想象力。单句填空（1）How

to

face

all

kinds

of

members

intelligently

and

________

（flexible）?flexibly（2）The

age

limit

for

new

members

may

be

handled

with

great

__________

（flexible）.flexibility5.

desire

n.渴望；欲望；愿望

v.渴望；希望（P27）But

what

remains

important

is

that

we

have

an

incredible

desire

to

think

and

create,and

that's

the

real

spirit

of

invention.但仍然重要的是,我们有一种难以置信的去思考和创造的欲望,这才是真正的发明精神。拓展have

a

strong

desire

to

do/for

sth

迫切想要做某事/急于想得到某物desire

to

do

sth

渴望做某事desire

sb

to

do

sth

想要某人做某事佳句Disabled

people

desire

to

live

a

normal

life.

In

other

words，they

want

to

live

as

well

as

ordinary

people

do.残疾人渴望过正常的生活。换句话说，他们想跟普通人生活得一样好。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）I

had

a

strong

desire________

（help）

and

care

for

people.to

help（2）We

all

have

a

strong

desire____happiness

and

health.for（3）She

was

tired

of

the

humdrum（单调的）

life

in

the

countryside

and

desired______

（go）

out.to

goⅡ.一句多译（4）每个人都渴望成功,而成功只属于努力的人。→Everyone

_______________success

while

success

only

belongs

to

the

hard-working

people.（desire

n.）→Everyone_________________

while

success

only

belongs

to

the

hard-working

people.（desire

v.）has

a

desire

fordesires

to

succeed6.

think

of

考虑；想起；想出（P26）Think

of

the

four

great

inventions

in

Ancient

China：gunpowder，papermaking，printing

and

the

compass.想想中国古代的四大发明：火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针。拓展think

of...as...把……当作……think

highly/well/much

of

对……评价高think

little/poorly

of

对……评价低think

about

思考；考虑think...over

认真思考；仔细考虑think

twice

三思；重新考虑think

up

想出；设计出佳句Who

can

think

of

a

situation

where

this

phrase

can

be

used?谁能想出这个短语在哪种情景下可以使用？I

like

to

think

of

myself

as

a

free

spirit.

我喜欢把自己看成一个无拘无束的人。单句填空（1）Please

think

the

plan_____and

let

me

know

your

decision.over（2）We

must

think____a

plan

for

developing

the

business.up（3）His

heroic

behavior

was

highly

thought

___

by

people.of（4）Today，when

I

think___my

friend，I

remember

his

smiling

face.of7.

in

addition

除此之外；另外（P27）In

addition,

important

advances

have

been

made

in

medicine

and

environmental

science

thanks

to

increasing

computer

power.

此外,由于计算机性能的不断提高,医学和环境科学也取得了重大进展。拓展in

addition

to（=as

well

as=besides）

除……之外；还……except（=but）

除……外（其余都）apart

from（=except/besides）

除……之外佳句Bicycling

is

good

exercise；

in

addition，it

does

not

pollute

the

air.骑自行车是很好的锻炼；此外，它不会污染空气。点拨in

addition

to

中的to是介词,因此用in

addition

to

doing

sth,而不是in

addition

to

do

sth。一句多译他不仅给了我一些忠告,而且还给了我一些钱。→_____________giving

me

some

advice,

he

gave

me

some

money.→He

gave

me

some

money

__________some

advice.In

addition

toas

well

as8.

in

terms

of

就……而言；在……方面；依……（P27）In

terms

of

the

environment,it

is

now

possible

to

create

an

intelligent

walking

house.

就环境而言,现在有可能创造一个智能步行屋。拓展（be）

on

good

terms

with

sb

与某人关系很好in

the

long

term

从长远来看in

the

short

term

就眼前来说佳句In

the

short

term，

we

should

study

hard

every

day，

while

in

the

long

term，

we

should

attach

importance

to

our

social

skills

and

our

study

at

the

same

time.

In

terms

of

our

dream,we

should

pay

attention

to

every

step

on

our

way

to

success.

As

far

as

possible,be

on

good

terms

with

all

the

people

around

you.

从短期来看,我们每天应该努力学习,而从长远来看,我们应该同时重视社交能力和学习。就梦想而言,我们应该注意成功道路上的每一步。尽可能同你周围的所有人保持良好的关系。单句写作（1）___________money,

he's

quite

rich,

but

not

in

terms

of

happiness.

就金钱而言他很富有；但就幸福而言便不是了。In

terms

of（2）Whether

you

are

___________________your

classmates

will

affect

your

mood.

和同学关系是否融洽将会影响你的心情。on

good

terms

with（3）________________,

the

project

will

advance

the

development

of

the

economy.从长远来看,这项工程会促进经济发展。In

the

long

term9.

be

capable

of

有能力（做某事）（P27）It

is

capable

of

using

GPS

technology

to

travel

to

different

places,

with

computing

technology

controlling

its

“legs”.用计算机技术控制着它的“腿”,它可以使用全球定位系统技术四处移动。拓展have

the

capability

to

do/of

doing

sth

有能力做某事lose

the

capability

to

do/of

doing

sth

失去做某事的能力be

incapable

of

doing

sth

没有能力做某事佳句A

planet

would

have

to

be

a

very

long

way

from

it

to

be

capable

of

supporting

life.一颗行星必须离它很远才能维持生命。At

present,

there

is

no

telescope

in

existence

that

is

capable

of

detecting

the

presence

of

life.目前,还没有一台现存的望远镜能够探测到生命的存在。单句填空（1）Age

affects

the

range

of

a

person's

___________（capable）.capabilities（2）He's

quite

capable

of

______（lie）

to

get

out

of

trouble.lying（3）I'm

perfectly

capable

___doing

it

myself,

thank

you.of（4）They

have

the

capability

__________（destroy）

the

enemy

in

days

rather

than

weeks.to

destroy10.

it作形式主语（P26）It's

a

pleasure

to

be

here.我很高兴来到这里。拓展本句中It为形式主语,真正的主语是to

be

here。it作形式主语的常见句型:（1）It

is+

adj.+

（for/of

sb）

to

do

sth（2）It

is

no

good/use+doing

sth（3）It

is

+adj./n.

+

that从句（4）It

takes

sb

+时间+to

do

sth单句填空（1）It

___________（report）

that

a

lot

of

people

lost

their

jobs

in

the

city

last

month.is

reported（2）It's

worthwhile

________（work）

the

whole

night

on

the

problem.working（3）It

took

me

a

week

_________（finish）

reading

the

book.to

finish（4）It's

_________（importance）

for

us

to

keep

the

water

clean.important11.

“with+宾语+宾语补足语”复合结构（P27）

It

is

capable

of

using

GPS

technology

to

travel

to

different

places,

with

computing

technology

controlling

its

“legs”.用计算机技术控制着它的“腿”,它可以使用全球定位系统技术四处移动。拓展句中的with

computing

technology

controlling

its

“legs”是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构,句中动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。with的复合结构既可用作状语,表示原因、方式或伴随等,也可用作定语。常见的with的复合结构主要有以下几种形式:（1）with+宾语+动词-ing形式（2）with+宾语+动词-ed形式（3）with+宾语+动词不定式（4）with+宾语+介词短语（5）with+宾语+形容词/副词单句写作（1）With

_______________the

way,

we

had

no

trouble

in

getting

to

the

station.

由这个男孩带路,我们毫不费力地到达了火车站。the

boy

leading（2）The

child

was

crying

______________________.

由于眼镜破了,那孩子哭了起来。with

the

glasses

broken（3）With

___________________,

we

had

to

be

busy

working

day

and

night.

有许多的工作要做,我们只得日夜忙碌。a

lot

of

work

to

do（4）The

teacher

entered

the

classroom

with__________________.

老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。a

book

in

his

hand（5）Don't

sleep

with

__________________________.

不要开着门和窗睡觉。the

door

and

windows

open12.

as引导定语从句（P27）But，as

they

say，“Never

say

never！”但是,正如人们所说,“别轻易说决不!”拓展本句中as

they

say为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作动词say的宾语。as引导定语从句的用法：（1）as既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。（2）as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词一般为整个主句，从句可以位于句首、句中和句末；而which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是整个主句又可以是主句的一部分，从句只能位于先行词之后。（3）as引导非限制性定语从句时常被译为“正如”，多用于固定搭配中：as

is

often

the

case、as

was

expected、as

often

happens、as

is

known

to

all、as

has

been

said

before、as

is

mentioned

above等。而which

常被译为“这……；那……”。As

we

know，smoking

is

harmful

to

people's

health.众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。She

is

always

working

hard，as

everyone

can

see.正如大家所看到的那样，她一直努力工作。The

book，which

I

bought

yesterday，is

very

instructive.我昨天买的这本书很有教育意义。Ⅰ.单句填空（1）Tom

was

always

late

for

school，_______

made

his

teacher

very

angry.which（2）The

number

of

smokers，___

is

reported，has

dropped

by

17

percent

in

just

one

year.asⅡ.单句写作（3）____________________________，he

is

quite

pleased.从他脸上的表情可以看出来，他非常高兴。As

can

be

seen

from

his

face（4）__________________，oceans

cover

more

than

70%

of

the

Earth.众所周知，地球表面70%以上是由海洋覆盖。As

is

known

to

all拓展单词1.______v.按→________n.压力；压迫presspressure2._________v.计算→_________n.计算机computecomputer3.__________adj.重要的；影响深远的→___________n.意义；重要性→____________adv.意味深长地；显著地significantsignificancesignificantly4.______v.使受伤；伤害→______n.伤害；损伤；受伤处→_______adj.受伤的injureinjuryinjured5.______n.起源；起因→________adj.原来的；最初的→_________adv.最初；原先originoriginaloriginally6.___________n.声明；宣告→_______v.宣布declarationdeclare7.________adv.完全地；彻底地→______adj.全部的；整个的entirelyentire即时检测1.virtual

reality__________虚拟现实2._____________可穿戴技术wearable

tech3.___addition除此之外；另外in4.never

say

never______________别轻易说决不5._______________自然选择natural

selection6.field

research____________________实地研究；实地调研7.think

of

____________想起；考虑8.as

well

___以及；和；和……一样as即时检测9.in

terms

___就……而言；在……方面of10.work

as

______________担任……工作11.instead

___代替；而不是of12.be

attached

to____________________附属于；粘上；附上13.look

____寻找for14.in

order

to______为了15.__________发生；进行；举行take

place16.come

up

_____提出；想出；赶上with即时检测Ⅰ.单句填空1.The

small

box

was

flattened

by

the

________（press）

of

the

heavy

book

on

it.pressure2.The

___________（significant）

for

college

students

of

doing

a

part-time

job

means

more

than

money

and

experience.significance3.Many

buildings

on

the

campus

are

his

________（origin）

creations.original4.The

___________（declare）

of

Independence

was

made

in

America

in

1776.Declaration即时检测5._________（science）

research

is

widely

claimed

to

be

the

source

of

the

high

standard

of

living

in

the

country.Scientific6.The

most

pleasant

thing

about

the

rainy

season

is

that

one

can

be

________（entire）

free

from

dust.entirely7.Who

would

you

name

as

the

greatest

__________（conduct）

of

your

time?conductor即时检测Ⅱ.选词填空be

used

to；think

of；no

doubt；thanks

to；in

terms

of；be

capable

of；lead

to；in

addition；at

the

moment；start

with1.You

will

_________succeed

in

your

scientific

research

after

great

effort.no

doubt2.Many

people

believe

technological

changes

will

________unemployment.lead

to3.Long

pieces

of

bamboo___________make

furniture

and

baskets.are

used

to4.Life

is

hard

______________,but

we're

surviving

on

the

savings.at

the

moment5.__________your

help,we

accomplished

the

task

ahead

of

schedule.Thanks

to即时检测6.To

work

out

a

plan,one

has

to

__________careful

research.start

with7.___________size

and

population,how

big

is

Germany

compared

with

China?In

terms

of8.I'm

___________renting

out

my

house

while

I'm

away.thinking

of9.Natural

gas

is

a

very

efficient

fuel.___________,it

is

clean.In

addition10.The

larger

firm

_____________providing

a

better

range

of

services.is

capable