人教版新八年级英语暑假讲义第14讲Unit2SectionB知识梳理与精练-(学生版+解析)

Unit2SectionB一．单词学习junk无用的东西;无价值的东西junkfood垃圾食品coffee咖啡health健康;人的身体(或精神)状态result结果;后果percent百分之online在线(的);联网(的)television电视节目;电视机although形虽然;尽管;即使through以;凭借;穿过mind头脑;心智body身体such这样的;那样的;类似的suchas例如;像……这样together在一起;共同die消失;灭亡;死亡writer作者;作家dentist牙科医生magazine杂志;期刊however然而不过than(用以引出比较的第二部分)比morethan多于almost几乎;差不多none没有一个;毫无less较少;较小，较少的;更少的lessthan少于point/point,/m.得分;点レ指;指向二．课文学习WhatDoNoSHighSchoolStudentsDoinTheirFreeTime?Lastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.Ourquestionswereaboutexercise,useoftheInternetandwatchingTV.HerearetheresultsWefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.Forty-fivepercentexercisefourtosixtimesaweek.Twentypercentexerciseonlyonetothreetimesaweek.AndtwentypercentdonotexerciseatallWeallknowthatmanystudentsoftengoonline,butweweresurprisedthatninetypercentofthemusetheInterneteveryday.Theothertenpercentuseitatleastthreeorfourtimesaweek.Moststudentsuseitforfunandnotforhomework.Theanswerstoourquestionsaboutwatchingtelevisionwerealsointeresting.OnlytwopercentofthestudentswatchTVonetothreetimesaweek.ThirteenpercentwatchTVfourtosixtimesaweek.Andeighty-fivepercentwatchTVeveryday!Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopularItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.Exercisesuchasplayingsportsisfun,andyoucanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Andremember,"Oldhabitsdiehard.Sostartexercisingbeforeit'stoolate!三．重点解析1.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.begoodfor意为“对……有益”，反义词是bebadfor“对……有害”。Doingsportsisgoodforyou.health是不可数名词，意为“健康”，ingoodhealth表示“很健康”，形容词为healthy，副词是healthily。Tokeephealthy,youshouldeathealthily.Lastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.asksb.aboutsth.意为“询问某人某事”。SomeoneisaskingLucyaboutthewonderfulbuilding.Herearetheresults.here和there置于句首，谓语动词是be动词或者come,go等不及物动词时，主语为名词时，用倒装结构，即主谓调换位置，若主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。Herecomesthebus.Therehegoes.Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.percent表示“百分之……”，常用“基数词+percent+of+名词”，“percentof+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词的单复数。Seventypercentoftheboyslikeplayingcomputergames.Ninetyoftheworkisfinished.Andtwentypercentdonotexerciseatall!not...atall意为“一点儿也不、根本不”；notatall表示“没关系、不用谢”。Idon’tknowaboutitatall.---Thankyouverymuch.---Notatall.Weallknowthatmanystudentsoftengoonline...此处online用作副词，表示“在线、联网”，也可以用作形容词，意为“在线的、联网的”。Manypeoplelikebuyingthingsonline.Theonlinegamesarepopularwithchildren.Theanswerstoourquestionsaboutwatchingtelevisionwerealsointeresting.名词answer后常跟介词to，表示“……的答案”，类似的名词还有key，solution，ticket。Youranswertothequestionisright.Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopular.although用作连词，表示“虽然、即使”，相当于though，用来引导让步状语从句。在英语中，although/though和but不能同时出现。Althoughitrainedheavily,theboysplayedoutside.=Itrainedheavily,buttheboysplayedoutside.9.ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.(1)by可以用来表示方式，意为“通过”，后接名词或者动名词短语。Heusuallygoestoworkbybus.Themanmakesalivingbysellingnewspapers.(2)way表示“方法”时，后常接动词不定式或者ofdoing作定语。Canyouthinkoutawaytoopenthedoor/ofopeningthedoor?10.Exercisesuchasplayingsportsisfun,andyoucanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.(1)suchas一般用于列举同一类人或物中的一个例子，但必须数量少于前面所提及的总数，只能放在所列举的名词前；forexample一般用于列举一个例子，后面经常加上一个句子，位置很灵活，可位于句首、句中，于被列举的事例之间用逗号隔开。Ilikefruit;forexample,Iofteneatbananasintheevening.Heknowsseverallanguages,suchasEnglishandChinese.(2)sb.spend+时间/金钱+onsth.“在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱”；sb.spend+时间+(in)doingsth.“花费多长时间做某事”Themanspentthewholedayonhisspeech.Thefamilyspent10,000dollarsontheirtrip.Theboyhasspenttwohoursplayingthecomputergames.【拓展】辨析spend,pay,take和costspend主语是人spend...onsth./spend...(in)doingsth.pay主语是人payforsth./pay+金钱.forsth.take主语是itIttakessb.+时间+todosth.cost主语是物sth.costssb.+金钱11.Janeisa16-year-oldhighschoolstudentintheUnitedStates.16-year-old意为“16岁的”，其中的名词用单数形式，在句中作定语，16yearsold表示“16岁”，在句中作表语。LiBoisaseven-yearoldboy.=LiBoissevenyearsold.12.However,shehassomebadhabits,too.(1)however作副词，表示“但是、然而”，常位于句首，后面常常跟有逗号隔开。Theboyeatsmucheverymeal.However,heisverythin.(2)also,too,aswell与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。Healsowantstogo.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。Hewantstogo,either.aswell用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。Hewantstogoaswell.either用于否定句句末。Hedoesn’twanttogoeither13.Shesayssheisafraid.beafraidof意为“害怕、不敢”，后接名词、代词或者动名词。Sheisafraidofsnakes.Iwasafraidofgoingthroughthewoods.[拓展]beafraidtodosth.意为“胆小不敢做某事”。Hewasafraidtogooutatnight.beafraidthat...意为“担心、害怕”。Hewasafraidthathewouldlose.I’mafraid表示“恐怕”。-Canwegothereontime?-Iamafraidnot.14.Nonenone表示“没有一个（人或物）”，是all“所有的人或物”的反义词，后常接介词of；另外，none强调某一类人或物数量的多少，常用来回答howmany/much的提问；nobody(noone)/nothing强调个体，常用来回答what或者who的提问。Noneofusagreedtohisplan.---Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom?---None.---Whoisknockingatthedoor?---Noone.---Mum,Iamalittlehungry.I’dlikesomebread.---Oh,thereisnoneleftinthebridge.随堂练习一．词汇运用(A)单词拼写。Healthisveryimportanttous.Canyoulookafteryourhealth?Doyouhavea1. (健康的)habit?Doyouknow2. (如何)tokeepingoodhealth?Here3. (是)whatyoucando.First,youneedtohavesomegoodeating4. (习惯).Youshouldeatfruitandvegetablesfourorfivetimesaweek.Andyouneedtoeattofuordrinkmilkeveryday.Oh,don’tforgettosleepatleasteighthourseverynight.Having5. (足够的)sleepcan6. (使)youfeelmuchbetter.Doingsomeexerciseisalsonecessaryforyou.Wethinkit’sgoodtorelaxby7. (锻炼).Itishealthyforthe8. (头脑)andthebody.Exercise,9. (这样的)asplayingsports,isfun.Butdon’tmakeyourselftootired.You’dbetter10. (保持)happyandbefriendlytoothers.I’msureyoucanbestrong.(B)用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。program,write,die,housework,point1．Dalelikeswritingandhedreamsofbeinga .2．Doyouoftenhelpyourmotherwiththe ?3．Thereisaninteresting ontelevisiontonight.4．Inthegamesourschoolgotten andNo.3HighSchoolgotthree.5．Mypetdog yesterday.I’mverysad.二、语法填空Asweallknow,doingsportsplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.IusedtowatchTVandeatsnacksallthetime.As6. result,myweightwentupday7. dayandI8. (become)muchfatterthanbefore.Ialwaysfelt9. (tiring)andevenhaddifficulties10. climbingthestairs.Thismademedecide11. (change)myunhealthylifestyle.Ifirstgotexerciseby12. (take)mypetdog13. awalkeverymorning.Itmademefeelalittlebit14. (good)thanbefore.ThenIjoinedarunningclub.Sincethen,15. (run)hasbecomepartofmylife.三．书面表达请根据下面提示,以”EarlyRisingIsImportant”为题,写一篇论述早起(earlyrising)重要性的文章。提示：(1)早起有益健康；(2)早起的具体好处：①可以做早操来锻炼身体；②对学习有好处；(3)大家都应该养成早起的习惯。要求：(1)短文中应包含上面提示内容,但是不能逐条翻译,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；(2)80词左右。EarlyRisingIsImportant________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课堂精练一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空health,sleep,hour,vegetable,habit1．Howmany doyoudoyourhomework?2．Hedoesn’tlikeeating ,helikesjunkfood.3．Helikesdoingsports,sohelooks andyoung.4．—DoesTomhavegood ?—Yes,hedoes.wellisgoodforourhealth.二、根据汉语提示完成句子6．我母亲想让我每天早上读英语。Mymother me readEnglish morning.7．她说喝牛奶对健康有好处。Shesaysdrinking isgoodfor ．8．你每晚睡多少小时?How doyousleepeverynight?9．我从不喝咖啡。I coffee.10．你每天锻炼吗？Doyou everyday?三、用适当的疑问词或疑问短语填空11．—doesyoursoneatvegetables?—Everyday.12．—applesarethereonthetable?—Three.13．—istheweather?—It’swindytoday.14．—isthedress?—It’s￥300.15．—isyourmother?—Sheisfine.四、语法填空SamandAnnhavethreemealsaday.Theyhavebreakfastanddinnerathome.16. weekdaystheyhavelunch17. theirmotherandfather.18. (they)fatherMr.James19. (come)homefromworkatfiveand20. (have)dinneratsix.Thefamilyoftenhavemeat,21. (fish),chickenandrice.Afterdinner,theyhavesomefruit.Mr.James22. (not)likefruit.23. Mrs.Jamesandthechildrendo.Theylikeapplesandorangesvery24. (many)．Thisis25. happyfamily.五、单选题1、Theywereallverytired,but________ofthemtookarest.A.none B.allC.both D.either2、I_____________rideabiketoschool.Butthismorning,Iwalkedtoschool.A.never B.hardlyC.seldom D.usually3、—Ithinkdrinkingmilkisgoodourhealth.—Yes.Iagreeyou.A.for；with B.to；toC.with；to D.at；with4、HowdoyoulearnEnglishwords?makingflashcard.A.To B.By C.For D.With二、句型转换5、Igoswimming4timesamonth.(提问) doyougoswimming?6、TheyplayfootballonWednesdayandSaturday.(改为同义句)Theyplayfootballaweek.7、Hetakesawalkaftersupper.(改为否定句)Heawalkaftersupper.8、Theyoftenworkfor8hourseveryday.(提问)dotheyworkeveryday?9、Somestudentsareintheclassroom.(同义句)studentsareintheclassroom.Unit2SectionB答案全解全析随堂练习一．词汇运用(A)单词拼写。答案:healthy，how，is，habits，enough，make，exercising，mind，such，keep(B)用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。答案:writer，housework，program，points，died二、语法填空答案:a，after，became，tired，in，tochange，taking，for，better，running三．书面表达【参考范文】EarlyRisingIsImportantEarlyrisingisgoodforusinmanyways.First,itishealthyforthemindandthebody.Wecandomorningexercisestokeepushea