河南开封各县市重点高中2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）

-2024学年河南开封各县市重点高中高二下学期期末考试英语试卷考试时间：120分钟注意事项:

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解：本大题共16小题，共38分。AAMidsummerNight'sDreammaybeoneofShakespeare'smostperformedplay—butitslatestversionfromtheRoyalShakespeareCompanywillbeunlikeanyseenbefore.TitledDream，the50-minuteonlineproductioncombinesliveperformancewithmotion-capture（动作捕捉）technology，3Dgraphics，andinteractivegamingtechniquesthatletaudiencesremotelyguidetheleadingcharacterPuckthroughavirtualforest.

Aslivetheaterputsomeseriouslyhigh-techfairy（小精灵）factorsintopractice，Dreampromisestobringtherarestversionoftheplaytoourscreens.In2016，thetheater'sproductionofTheTempestusedlivemotion-capturetechnologytocreatea3Ddigitalimagethatwasprojectedabovethestage.Thedifferencethistimeisthateverythingintheplay—theperformersandtheirsurroundings—willbeshownvirtually.

Sevenactorswillperforminaspecially-builtstudioinPortsmouth，southernEngland，wearingmotion-capturesuits.Theywillbesurroundedbya360-degreecameraset，madeupof47cameraswitheverymovementalmostimmediatelypresenteddigitally，whichispresentedtoviewersonline.Withitsmuch-reducedcharacters，DreamisnotacompleteproductionofAMidsummerNight'sDream；rather，itisastoryinspiredbyit，focusingonPuckandthefairies.

Upto2，000audiencemembersforeachperformancecanbecomepartoftheshowandwillbeinvitedtoguidePuckthroughtheforest.Onscreen，thechosenaudiencewillappearasacloudoftinyfireflies（萤火虫）.Byusingtheirmouseorfingeronthescreenofasmartdevice，theywillbeabletomovetheirfireflyacrossthescreen，andPuckwillbeattheirbeckandcalltogothroughthevirtualspace.Forviewerswatchingathome，thevirtualfairiesmovingthroughadigitalforestwilllookmorelikeavideogamethantheaverageRoyalShakespeareCompanyshow.Buttheperformancesaredeliveredliveandinrealtime.Everynight'sperformancewillbeunique.

"Withoutthefireflies—theaudiences—Puckwouldn'tbegoinganywhere，"saidE.M.Williamswhoplaystherole."Theaudiencesareverymuchthefuelandtheenergyoftheshow."1.WhatmakesDreamdifferentfromTheTempest？______A.Thenumberofactorsandactresses.

B.Thesurroundingsaroundtheperformers.

C.The3Ddigitalimageitchoosestoshow.

D.Thewayitpresentseverythingintheplay.2.WhichaspectoftheplaydoesParagraph3focuson？______A.Itsleadingcharacters. B.Thedesignofitscontent.

C.Itsproductionprocess. D.Theinspirationfortheplay.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"beattheirbeckandcall"inthelastbutoneparagraphmean？______A.Bewillingtoguidethem. B.Belikelytoreceiveacall.

C.Bedifficulttocontrol. D.Bereadytofollowtheirorder.4.WhatdoE.M.Williams'wordsinthelastparagraphshow？______A.Thecostoftheshow.

B.Thepleasureoftheaudiences.

C.Theimportanceoftheaudiences.

D.Thetaskoftheleadingcharacter.BIthadalwaysbeenassumedthattherarityoflightninginoceanstormswasduetocleanerairoverthevastseas，butkeenobservationshaveshownthatevenhighlypollutedairisassociatedwithreducedlightningatseawhenseasprayaerosols（气溶胶）areabundant.IntheirpaperpublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications，aninternationalteamofresearchersdescribestheirmulti-yearstudyofatmosphericconditionsovertheoceansborderingAfricaandwhatitshowedaboutsaltinseasprayaerosolsanditsimpactonlightning.

TheresearchersobtainedatmosphericdataonAfricaandtheoceansarounditfortheperiod2013to2017.Thedataincludednumbersoflightningflashes，rainfall，temperaturesandcloudrepresentations.Theylookedfordifferencesinatmosphericconditionsinstormsthatoccurredoverlandversusthosethatoccurredovertheseaandfoundonemaindifference：theamountofsaltintheair.

Lightningisproducedwhenupwardlymovingairincloudsformsicecrystals（冰晶）—aerosolparticlesthenbegintobumpintooneanother，creatinganelectricalcharge.Lightninghappenswhentheelectricalfieldinonepartofthecloudbecomespositivelycharged（usuallyatthetopofthecloud）andanothernegativelycharged（usuallyatthebottomofthecloud）.Andcloudsform，ofcourse，whenvaporevaporates（蒸发）fromthesurfaceoftheEarthandthewaterdropsbondwithaerosols.

Theresearchersfoundthatthingsareslightlydifferentovertheocean.Whenwaterevaporatesfromthesea，itbearsaloadofsalt.Whenthesaltwaterbondswithaerosolstoformwaterdroplets，theytendtobebiggerandheavierthanthosethatformoverlandduetothesalt—andthatresultsinmoreofthewaterinthecloudsfallingasrainbeforeitcanriseupandformicecrystals.Theresultisfarfewerlightningdischarges.

Theresearcherssuggesttheirfindingscouldbeusefulinimprovingtheaccuracyofbothclimatemodelsandmeteorologicalreports.Itcouldalsopossiblyleadsometoattempttoseedstormcloudswithsalttoreducetheirseverity.5.Whatisthecommonbeliefoflightningoveroceans？______A.Lightningpollutestheremotesea.

B.Pollutedairleadstolesslightningatsea.

C.Cleanerairresultsinlesslightningatsea.

D.Cleaneraircontributestomorelightningatsea.6.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraph3？______A.Bypresentingfacts. B.Bylistingsimilarities.

C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.7.Howdowaterdropletsonlanddifferfromthoseatsea？______A.Theydropmuchfaster. B.Theycontainmorewater.

C.Theyarebiggerandheavier. D.Theyaresmallerandlighter.8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.SaltinSeaSprayWorsensStormsovertheSea.

B.SaltinSeaSprayKeepsLightningStrikesAway.

C.LightningStrikesAreMoreCommonoverOceans.

D.SeaSprayIsFoundEvaporatingFasteroverOceans.CAroundsevenoutofeverytenAmericanswhoworkinofficesdotheirworkinanopenenvironment，definedasatdeskswithoutmeaningfulpartitions（隔板），accordingtoanInternationalFacilityManagementAssociationsurvey.Thatis，iftheyevenhaveadesk——workersmaybeassignedonlyafewfeetofacommunal（共用的）table.Theopen-planofficespacetrend，popularizedbycreativeagenciesandtechnologystart-ups，wentmainstreambecauseofthebeliefthatopen-spaceenvironmentssupportinnovation.Morenearnessbetweenemployees，thethinkingwent，wouldcreatemoreinteractionandteamwork，promotesocialinteractionandurgeproductivity.

Butinfact，purelyopen-planofficeshavebeenshowntohavetheoppositeeffects，creatingsomuchdistraction（分心）thatemployeesstayedawayfromeachother.AstudyfundedbyHarvardBusinessSehaol，theresultsofwhichwerepublishedlastyear，trackedwhathappenedwhenaBritishcompanymoveditsemployeesfromtraditionalofficespace，withofficeswithwalls，toanopenoffice.Face-to-faceinteractionbecameless——employeesspent72percentlesstimeinteractingwiththeircolleagues.Insteadoftalkingmorewitheachother，theemployeesputonheadphonesandbegancommunicatingbytextandemail.Asdigitalcommunicationchannelssurged，productivitydeclined.

Neurosciencealsoholdssomecluesastowhythetightquartersincommunalworkspaces——whereworkersareonlygivenabouthalfthespacetheyweregivenadecadeago——aresohardtoworkin."Thehumanvoicesetsoffthemostpowerfulemotionalresponseinourauditory（听觉的）experience.Voiceabove55decibels（分贝）——roughlythesoundofaloudphonecall——causesmeasurablestress，"accordingtoaWallStreetJournalarticle，"TheNeuroscience-OptimizedOffice"."Evenmoretroublesomeareoverheard'halfversations'，inwhichthelisteneronlyknowsaboutonesideofadialogue；ourbrainsautomaticallyimaginetheother，"wroteauthorsJohnMedinaandRyanMullenix.

Butthesolution，sayexpertsincludingNewport，isn'ttogobacktoputtingeveryoneintoofficeswithwalls.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheopenofficetrendaccordingtoparagraph1？______A.Itallows10peopleatmosttoworktogether.

B.Itisbelievedtostimulateworkers'creativity.

C.Itisonlypopularwithnewtechnologycompanies.

D.Itisaimedatpromotingworkers'socialinteraction.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"surged"inparagraph2probablymean？______A.Suspendedtimely. B.Becameuseless.

C.Costless. D.Increasedquickly.11.Whatmakesanopenofficehardtoworkin？______A.Hearingendlessnoisyphonecalls.

B.Showingrealemotionspublicly.

C.Facingcommunicationbarriersatwork.

D.Hearingpartofadialoguebetweencolleagues.12.Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph？______A.Whatarebenefitsoftheopenofficeswithwalls.

B.Whytheopenofficemakesworkersdistracted.

C.Howtodealwiththedisadvantagesoftheopenoffice.

D.Howtodrawworkers'attentiontotheircolleaguesnearby.DDoyouknowthewebsitesthatletyounameastarafteryourbelovedone，yourkidoryourdogforasmallfee？Yeah，thoseareallfake—youcouldpaymeto"name"astarfor﹩50，andI'lltakeyourmoneyandshowthenameonline.I'llevensendyouafancycertificate!Itseemsthatyou'venamedastar，butitjustdoesn'tcount.

Actually，theonlyorganizationthatownsofficialnamingrightsistheInternationalAstronomicalUnion，ortheIAU.Itwasfoundedin1919andbasedinParis，France.Itiswhereastronomersandotherprofessionalshavereachedtheagreementsandistheofficialrecord-keepingbodyforalldiscoveriesinspace.

Recentlytheydoopenupanopportunityforthepublictonameadozenofplanetsoutsidethesolarsystem.TheseplanetswillbeamongthefirsttobestudiedwiththeJamesWebbSpaceTelescope.However，theycurrentlyonlyhaveboringandcomplicateddocumentsthatwereusedtofindthem.That'swhytheIAUislookingforsomethingmoreinteresting.

Butbeforeyoustartnamingtheplanets，youshouldknowtherules.First，nothingisrudeorannoying.Second，thenameshouldbelessthan16characterslongandpronounceableinatleastonelanguagewithnocommercialorbusinessnamesandnothingisnamedafteralivingindividualorapet.

Thecompetition，named"StarsWorlds"，isopennextThursday，January20th.It'sthethirdsuchcontesttheIAUhasheld，andthepurposeistogetthepublicmoreinterestedinscienceaswellastheorganization.ThecompetitionalsohelpstobreakcenturiesofEuropeandominancewhenitcomestonamingthingsinthenightsky.Sopeoplearoundtheworldcansharethejoyofdiscoveryandmaketheirmarkinhistory.13.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage？______A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bytakinganexample.

C.Byofferingasolution. D.Byshowingdifferences.14.WhatcanweknowabouttheIAUfromthepassage？______A.ItwasfoundedbyFrance.

B.Itstudiesthespacetelescope.

C.Itorganizestripstothespace.

D.Ithastherighttonamethestars.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout？______A.Whythecompetitionisheld.

B.Howthecompetitiondevelops.

C.Whattoexpectinthecompetition.

D.Howtotakepartinthecompetition.16.Whereisthispassagemostlikelytakenfrom？______A.Anovel. B.Atextbook. C.Adiary. D.Amagazine.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。Whiletherearenumeroustoolstohelpyoudetermineyourstrengths，trystartingwiththesequestions.Beashonest，clear，andobjectiveaspossible.

Whatareyourtopthreequalitiesorstrengths？（1）______.Tomakeiteasy，sendanemailto20ofyourclosestfriendsandfamilymembers.Tellthemyouneedtheirhelpinidentifyingyourthreetopqualitiesorstrengths.You'llquicklystartreceivingresponses.Startalistfromtheanswersyoureceive.（2）______.Takethethreemostcommonanswersandusethemasyourguide.

Whatdoyoudoeveryday？Mostpeopletendtospendtimeonthethingstheyliketodoratherthanthethingstheydon'tlike.（3）______.Ifyoufindyourselfeasilymakingtimetoreadtoyourkidsbutavoidmakingdinner，thisbehaviorcouldbetellingyousomething.Peoplemovetowardthingsthey'renaturallygoodatdoing.

（4）______？Whatpeoplethinkyoudoandwhattheysayaboutyouaretwodifferentthings.Forexample，theymaythinkyou'recleaningalldaylongbutstillthinkyou'reaterriblehousekeeper.Soyouneedtoquestionpeopleaboutitandtellthemit'sokaytotellthetruthbecausethisisaboutyourpersonaldevelopment.

Whatisonemistakeyoukeeprepeating？AlbertEinsteinisknowntohavedescribedinsanity（精神错乱）asdoingthesamethingoverandoverbutexpectingdifferentresults.Areyoucaughtintheinsanitytrap？Forme，itwasmakingbread.ForyearsItriedtogetmydough（面团）toriseintoanicecottonyloaf.（5）______.Ihadadvicefromfriends，watchedvideosonlineandtrieddifferentrecipesalltonoavail.I'veacceptedthatIcan'tmakebreadandit'sokay.

A.EverytimeIcreatedahardrock

B.Thefirststepistoaskforadvice

C.Whatdoyouliketotalkabout

D.Whatdootherpeoplesayaboutyou

E.You'llfindalotofqualitiesarerepeated

F.Thetruthiswedon'thavetobegoodateverything

G.It'softenthestrugglebetweenthetwothatcausesproblems，nottheactivities17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G21.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It'snevereasybeingthenewkidinschool，especiallywhenyoulookalittlebitdifferentfromeveryoneelse.Asidefromtheusual（1）______aboutnotknowinganyoneatHendersonHighSchoolinTennessee，15-year-oldSergioPeralta（2）______thatpeoplewouldlaughathimforhis（3）______.Sergio'srighthanddidn'tformfullyatbirth."Inthefirstdaysofschool，Ihonestlyfeltlike（4）______myhandinmysleeve（袖子），"Sergioadmitted."Likenobodywouldeverfindout."

Itturnsoutthathisfellowstudentswerealotmore（5）______thanheassumed.Infact，whentheschool'sengineeringteacher（6）______Sergio'shand，hesuggestedthestudentsinhisclassshould（7）______him.Theschoolisequippedwithonlinemodelingsoftwareanda3Dprinter，sotheteachersuggestedareal-life（8）______thatwouldbenefitboththestudentsandSergio.Severalengineeringstudents（9）______beganworkingonaprosthesis（假肢）fortheirnewclassmate.

"'Wecouldbuildyourprosthetichand，'they（10）______meandIneverexpectedit，"saidSergio.StudentsworkedwithSergiotogettheprosthesisright，andwhenitwasfinished，it（11）______allexpectations.Sergiowasnowableto（12）______abaseballusinghisrighthandforthefirsttimeinhisentirelife.Beyondthepracticalityofhavinga（13）______prosthesis，Sergiofeltsomethingevenmorepowerful：Hefitin.（14）______beingteasedforhisdisability，hewascelebratedandassisted."Theychangedmylife，"saidthe（15）______teen.22.A.curiosity B.guilty C.nervousness D.sympathy23.A.announced B.worried C.remembered D.admitted24.A.performance B.ambition C.quality D.difference25.A.waving B.extending C.hiding D.ignoring26.A.open-minded B.nature-loving C.absent-minded D.hard-working27.A.trained B.covered C.treated D.noticed28.A.follow B.help C.challenge D.join29.A.application B.appointment C.invitation D.explanation30.A.temporarily B.hesitantly C.eagerly D.impatiently31.A.promised B.warned C.advised D.questioned32.A.setup B.livedupto C.ruledout D.fellshortof33.A.catch B.transform C.select D.replace34.A.familiar B.safe C.useful D.similar35.A.Regardlessof B.Apartfrom C.Dueto D.Ratherthan36.A.brave B.grateful C.generous D.considerate第II卷（非选择题）四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。37.Twograduates，fromCentralChinaNormalUniversityinWuhan，HubeiProvince，usingthenamesWanwanandChaochao，（1）______（upload）a17-minutevideoonlinelatelastyearabouttheirlivesoverthepastfiveyears.

Inthevideo，Wanwan，（2）______hastakenupadozenjobssincegraduatingfiveyearsago，saidshenowonlyhas5，000yuan.HerroommateChaochaogotamaster'sdegreeinscriptwriting（编剧）fromCommunicationUniversityofChina.But（3）______consequenceofatoughjobmarket，shehadgreatdifficulty（4）______（obtain）ajobinthefilmindustry.Lastyear，shestartedtolearnpaintingbutshesaidshehadtoworkpart-timeasacleaneratahotpotrestauranttosupport（5）______（she）.

"Whenyoucanacceptyourfailure，youwillfeelthatitisnotthatbad.Whenworkingatthehotpotrestaurant，mybiggest（6）______（comfortable）isthatIwon'tstarvetodeathnomatterwhatisnext，"Chaochaosaid."Therearemanyroadsinourlives，andnomatterwhichdirectionyougo，youwill（7）______（eventual）findyourownroad."

Thevideowasoneofthetrendingvideosoflastyear，gainingmorethan5.44millionviewsandmorethan26，000commentssinceit（8）______（release），withmanynetizenssharingtheirownfailuresinthecommentssection.

Netizenssaidtheywerewarmedbytheircouragetosharefailureswiththepublic，strongdetermination（9）______（achieve）theirgoals，optimisminthefaceofhardships（10）______spiritofnevergivingup.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。38.

TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.

Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.

Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy—hisnamewasBernard—hadinterestedherverymuch.

"Iwishyoucouldseehim,"

shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara."Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando."

Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard."Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney,"

saidClara."Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch."

"SodoI,"

saidHarry."Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem."

Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcried,"Ihaveagreatidea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish(完成)."

Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.WhenJohnhadanidea,itwassuretobeagoodone."I'lltellyouwhatwecando,"saidJohn."YouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentus?Well,wecanmakepopcorn(爆米花),andputitintopaperbags,andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsellit."

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150左右;

(2)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph1:

WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn'sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Paragraph2:

Witheverythingready,Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.

_______________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。39.假定你是李华，上周你校外教MrSmith做了一场关于提高英语写作技巧的讲座，你的同桌Brian因病未能参加。请你写一封邮件，和他分享讲座相关情况。内容包括：

（1）表达问候；

（2）讲座的主要内容；

（3）你的感受。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式作答。

DearBrian，

_______

Yours，LiHua2023-2024学年河南开封各县市重点高中高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（答案和解析）【答案】1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.D

8.B 9.B 10.D 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.D

15.A 16.D 17.B 18.E 19.G 20.D 21.A

22.C 23.B 24.D 25.C 26.A 27.D 28.B

29.A 30.C 31.A 32.B 33.A 34.C 35.D

36.B 37.【小题1】uploaded【小题2】who【小题3】in【小题4】obtaining【小题5】herself【小题6】comfort【小题7】eventually【小题8】wasreleased【小题9】toachieve【小题10】and38.

WhenMrs.MeredithheardofJohn'sidea,shethoughtitwasagoodone,too.

So,theywenttothelocalsupermarkettogether.Theyboughtabagofcornandsomespecialbagsforpopcorn.Whentheygothome,theymadealotofpopcornandputitinthespecialbags.Withthepopcorn,theywenttoBernard'shome.TheytoldBernardhowtosellthepopcorn.Bernardandhisparentswereverygrateful.AndtheMeredithfamilyalsofeltveryhappytohelpthisfamily.

​​​​​​​

Witheverythingready,Bernardstartedoutonhisnewbusiness.

Hetookthepopcornaroundtothehousesandsoldallhispopcorn.Heearnedalotofmoney.Then,hewantedtobeself-dependent.Therefore,heaskedMrs.Meredithtoteachhimhowtomakepopcorn.Afterthat,notonlydidhesellpopcorn,buthealsoaddedcreamandsalttothepopcorntomakeittastebetter.Bernardgrewuptobearemarkableman.HedidnotforgetthehelpofMeredith'sfamily,andhealsodidwhathecouldtohelpthoseinneed.39.Dear

Brian，

Areyoufeelingbetternow？It'sapitythatyoumissedMrSmith'swonderfullecturebecauseofillnesslastweek.【高分句型一】AndI'mwritingtosharesomethingaboutitwithyou.（表达问候）

Thelectureconsistedofthreeparts.Firstofall，MrSmithshowedusseveralbrilliantpiecesofEnglishwriting.Then，heintroducedustosomeusefulwritingstrategies，forexample，readingmoreandnotingdownbeautifulsentences.Theyaregoodforimprovingourexpressionskills.Intheend，hesuggestedthatwepracticewritingonaregularbasis.【高分句型二】（讲座的主要内容）

Thislecturewasreallywonderful.Itmadememoreinterestedinwriting.（你的感受）

Bestwishes!（祝福）Yours，Li

Hua【解析】1~4.（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Thedifferencethistimeisthateverythingintheplay—theperformersandtheirsurroundings—willbeshownvirtually.（这次的不同之处在于，剧中的一切——演员和他们周围的环境——都将以虚拟的方式呈现）可知，对于剧中的人物和环境的呈现方式使得Dream区别于TheTempest。A．The

number

of

actors

and

actresses.男女演员的数量；B．The

surroundings

around

the

performers.表演者周围的环境；C．The

3

D

digital

image

it

chooses

to

show.它选择显示的3

D数字图像；D．The

way

it

presents

everything

in

the

play.它在剧中表现一切的方式。故选D。

（2）主旨大意题。根据第三段Sevenactorswillperforminaspecially-builtstudioinPortsmouth，southernEngland，wearingmotion-capturesuits.Theywillbesurroundedbya360-degreecameraset，madeupof47cameraswitheverymovementalmostimmediatelypresenteddigitally，whichispresentedtoviewersonline.Withitsmuch-reducedcharacters，DreamisnotacompleteproductionofAMidsummerNight'sDream；rather，itisastoryinspiredbyit，focusingonPuckandthefairies.（七名演员将穿着动作捕捉服，在英格兰南部朴茨茅斯的一个专门建造的摄影棚里表演。他们将被一个由47台摄像机组成的360度摄像机包围，每一个动作都几乎立即以数字方式呈现，并在线呈现给观众。《仲夏夜之梦》的角色被大大删减，因此《梦》并不是一部完整的作品；相反，它是一个受其启发的故事，主要讲述帕克和仙女们的故事）可知，该段主要侧重讲述这部剧的制作过程。故选C。

（3）词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在的句子Up

to

2，000

audience

members

for

each

performance

can

become

part

of

the

show

and

will

be

invited

to

guide

Puck

through

the

forest.Onscreen，the

chosen

audience

will

appear

as

a

cloud

of

tiny

fireflies

（萤火虫）.By

using

their

mouse

or

finger

on

the

screen

of

a

smart

device，they

will

be

able

to

move

their

firefly

across

the

screen，and

Puck

will

be

at

their

beck

and

call

to

go

through

the

virtual

space.（每场演出最多有2000名观众可以成为演出的一部分，并将被邀请引导帕克穿过森林。在屏幕上，被选中的观众将以一团小萤火虫的形式出现。通过在智能设备的屏幕上使用鼠标或手指，他们将能够在屏幕上移动他们的萤火虫，而Puck将听命于他们的命令，通过虚拟空间。）可知，观众通过使用鼠标或手指在智能设备的屏幕上移动萤火虫，而Puck会随时待命，即跟随它们的指引，通过虚拟空间。故划线词意思是"准备好服从他们的命令"。A．Be

willing

to

guide

them.愿意引导他们；B．Be

likely

to

receive

a

call.可能会接到电话；C．Be

difficult

to

control.难以控制；D．Be

ready

to

follow

their

order.准备好服从他们的命令。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段"Withoutthefireflies—theaudiences—Puckwouldn'tbegoinganywhere，"saidE.M.Williamswhoplaystherole."Theaudiencesareverymuchthefuelandtheenergyoftheshow."（"没有萤火虫——没有观众——Puck哪儿也去不了，"扮演Puck的E.M.威廉姆斯说。"观众是这部剧的燃料和能量。"）可知，没有观众所扮演的萤火虫的指引，这部剧的主角Puck哪儿也去不了。观众就是这部剧的"燃料"和"能量"。由此推知，E.M.Williams强调了观众的重要性。故选C。

这篇文章主要介绍了皇家莎士比亚剧团最新的戏剧作品《梦》。这个50分钟的在线制作将现场表演与动作捕捉技术、3

D图形和互动游戏技术相结合，让观众可以远程引导主角帕克穿越虚拟森林。剧团使用了高科技的仙境元素，将这个戏剧带到了我们的屏幕上。这次的区别在于，剧中的一切，包括演员和他们的环境，都将以虚拟的形式呈现。每场演出有最多2000名观众可以参与，并被邀请引导帕克穿越森林。观众在屏幕上以微小的萤火虫形式出现，并通过智能设备上的鼠标或手指控制它们在屏幕上移动，帕克将按照他们的指示在虚拟空间中行动。对于在家观看的观众来说，通过数字森林中移动的虚拟仙子更像是一个视频游戏，而不是一场普通的皇家莎士比亚剧团的演出。但是演出是实时直播的，每个晚上的表演都是独一无二的。演员E.M.威廉姆斯表示："没有观众，帕克就无法前进。观众是这个演出的动力和能量。"

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。5~8.（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段It

had

always

been

assumed

that

the

rarity

of

lightning

in

ocean

storms

was

due

to

cleaner

air

over

the

vast

seas，but

keen

observations

have

shown

that

even

highly

polluted

air

is

associated

with

reduced

lightning

at

sea

when

sea

spray

aerosols（气溶胶）

are

abundant（人们一直认为海洋风暴中闪电的罕见是由于广阔海洋上的空气更清洁，但敏锐的观察表明，当海上喷雾气溶胶丰富时，即使是高度污染的空气也与海上闪电减少有关）可知人们普遍认为因为空气越干净，海上的闪电就越少。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Lightning

is

produced

when

upwardly

moving

air

in

clouds

forms

ice

crystals（冰晶）—aerosol

particles

then

begin

to

bump

into

one

another，creating

an

electrical

charge.Lightning

happens

when

the

electrical

field

in

one

part

of

the

cloud

becomes

positively

charged

（

usually

at

the

top

of

the

cloud）

and

another

negatively

charged

（usually

at

the

bottom

of

the

cloud）.And

clouds

form，of

course，when

vapor

evaporates（蒸发）

from

the

surface

of

the

Earth

and

the

water

drops

bond

with

aerosols.（当云中向上移动的空气形成冰晶气溶胶粒子开始相互碰撞，产生电荷时，闪电就产生了。当云的一部分电场带正电（通常在云的顶部）而另一部分带负电（通常在云的底部）时，闪电就发生了。当然，当水蒸气从地球表面蒸发，水滴与气溶胶结合时，云就形成了。）可知作者主要通过陈述事实来发展第三段。A.By

presenting

facts.通过陈述事实；B.By

listing

similarities.通过列举相似点；C.By

giving

examples.通过举例；D.By

making

comparisons.通过比较。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段When

water

evaporates

from

the

sea，it

bears

a

load

of

salt.When

the

salt

water

bonds

with

aerosols

to

form

water

droplets，they

tend

to

be

bigger

and

heavier

than

those

that

form

over

land

due

to

the

salt—and

that

results

in

more

of

the

water

in

the

clouds

falling

as

rain

before

it

can

rise

up

and

form

ice

crystals.（当海水蒸发时，它含有大量的盐。当盐水与气溶胶结合形成水滴时，它们往往比陆地上由于盐形成的水滴更大更重这导致云中更多的水在上升并形成冰晶之前以雨的形式降落。）可知陆地上的水滴不同于海上的水滴，它们更小更轻。故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段It

had

always

been

assumed

that

the

rarity

of

lightning

in

ocean

storms

was

due

to

cleaner

air

over

the

vast

seas，but

keen

observations

have

shown

that

even

highly

polluted

air

is

associated

with

reduced

lightning

at

sea

when

sea

spray

aerosols（气溶胶）

are

abundant（人们一直认为海洋风暴中闪电的罕见是由于广阔海洋上的空气更清洁，但敏锐的观察表明，当海上喷雾气溶胶丰富时，即使是高度污染的空气也与海上闪电减少有关）和最后一段The

researchers

suggest

their

findings

could

be

useful

in

improving

the

accuracy

of

both

climate

models

and

meteorological

reports.It

could

also

possibly

lead

some

to

attempt

to

seed

storm

clouds

with

salt

to

reduce

their

severity.（研究人员表示，他们的发现可能有助于提高气候模型和气象报告的准确性。这也可能导致一些人试图在风暴云上撒盐来降低其强度。）可知本文主要讲述了过去人们认为海洋风暴中闪电较少是因为海洋上空的空气较为清洁，但最新的研究表明，即使是高度污染的空气在海洋上空，当海洋喷雾气溶胶丰富时，闪电也会减少。因此本文的