中考阅读-猜测词义题

中考阅读理解

—得阅读者得中考

优胜教育：武玉萍中考阅读理解题主要考查：1.事实细节题2.猜测词义题3.推理判断题4.主旨大意题猜测词义题设题方式Theunderlinedword/phrase“xxx”means____.Theunderlinedword/phrase“xxx”inthepassagerefersto____.Theunderlinedword/phrase“xxx”canbereplacedby_____.猜测词义题解题思路1.根据定义，解释2.根据定语从句3.根据同义词，近义词、反义词关系4.根据比照，因果关系5.根据列举的例子6.根据重述表达1.根据定义，解释Ex1：

Ventilation,asyouknow,isasystemormeansofprovidingfreshair.Itplaysaveryimportantpartinthefieldofengineering.

解析：“ventilation”这个词的意思是“通风系统/通风手段”。

2.根据定语从句Ex2：

Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.

解析：“prestidigitator”一词的词义就应是变戏法者。

3

利用同义词、近义词的线索

表示同义关系的：and,like,justas…表示反义关系的：but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)等等。Ex3：

Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.

解析：“supersede”即“取代，接替”。

4.根据反义词和比照关系

表示反义关系的：but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)等等。Ex4：

Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.

解析：“inastateofturmoil”,就是一片混乱。5.利用因果关系的线索表示因果关系的：because,as,since,for,so,asaresult…Ex5：

SinceIcouldnotaffordtobuytheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.

解析：“replica”是一张“复制品”。

6.根据列举的例子Ex6：Definedmostwidely,folkloreincludesallthecustoms,beliefandtraditionthatpeoplehavehandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.解析：“folklore”的内容范围，即人们一代传一代的那些风俗、习惯、信仰和传统的东西。这些东西都属于通常所说的“民俗传统”,这也就是“folklore”一词的根本含义。

7.利用重述表达的线索Ex7：Beforethemainbusinessofaconferencebeginsthechairmanusuallymakesashortpreliminary(i.e.introductory)speech,ormakeafewpreliminaryremarks.Inotherwords,hesaysafewthingsbywayofintroduction.解析：inotherwords”后面的局部是对“preliminaryspeech”的重述，由此可以推断出“preliminaryspeech”的意思是“开场白”。

8.根据上下文猜测

Exercise：Guessthemeaning1.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.2.Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings.Hiswife,however,isverythrifty.3.Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.4.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:“theWorldofEnglish”,“ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools”,or“EnglishLearning”.

Exercise5Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever6Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest7Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborsallcallheraneccentriclady.A.爱猫的B.古怪的C.闲不住的D.动物保护主义者8Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.温饱C.赤贫D.虚弱9Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活泼的B.好动的C.多嘴多舌的D.可爱的

Exercise5Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.strongB.firmC.kindD.clever6Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest7Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborsallcallheraneccentriclady.A.爱猫的B.古怪的C.闲不住的D.动物保护主义者8Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.温饱C.赤贫D.虚弱9Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活泼的B.好动的C.多嘴多舌的D.可爱的

中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：super-(超)supermanmini-(极小的,微小的)micro-〔极微小的〕microscopere-〔再，反复〕mis-〔误，恶〕mistakeim-〔不〕un-〔不，非〕unhappyin-〔不，非〕non-〔不，非〕nondescript-able〔能…的〕-less〔不，无〕useless--er,-or-ist(人〕dis-(不〕dislike-ness(名词〕-wards(向)afterwards-ful,-tive(形容词〕-ern(方向〕southerninner-〔内部的，里面的〕innertube

Exercise：

1.Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwasso

faint根据关联词猜词2.Tomisveryrude,buthisbrotherisquiteelegant.根据关联词猜词3.Whydoesjogging

--runningslowly–becomesopopular.根据定义、释义、举例或复述猜词4Kangaroomothershavepouchestocarrytheirbabies.根据常识5.It‘sreallycoldoutside,andmyhandsarebothnumb.根据生活经验，常识exercise1.Alotoftheworld’snaturalresourceslikeoilcomefrompoorcountries.A.环境B.资源C.汽油2.Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread.A.帽子B.雨鞋C.眼镜3.Mymomwasalittleheavy.AndIwasalmostasplumpasmymom.A.饱满的B.苗条的C.强壮的4.Childrenhaveschoolbagswithtwostrapstocarrythem.A.口袋B.肩带C.纽扣5.Wealthymeanshavinglotsofmoney.6.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltoyourhealth.7.Mymother-in-law,myhusband’smother,wasateacher8.YoumuststopdreamingandfacerealityExercise

Passage1

TensofthousandsofbabypenguinsfacestarvationaftertwogianticebergsbrokeofftheAntarcticicesheetandblockedtheirparents’roadtothefeedingareas.AdelineandemperorpenguinsnestingontheRossislandrookeriesarenowforcedtowalklongdistancesovertheicebergstoobtainfoodfortheirchicks,bornduringtheNovember-Decemberbreedingseason.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obtain”probablymean?A.eatB.getC.sellD.buyExercise

Passage2

Aman’spositionamongtheblack-tentpeopledependsonhisancestors,relatives,andfellowtribesmen.Iftheyarehonored,heisalsohonored.Iftheyare