北师大版初三英语第14讲：unit-7-语法篇(学生版)

Unit7语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________理解并掌握冠词的用法冠词（Articles）冠词三兄弟a,an和the的任务就是给名词“戴帽子”。语法上，冠词是虚词，没有词义，用于名词前，帮助表明词义。冠词三兄弟的分工各有不同，大家一定要记清楚，不要“张冠李戴”。冠词分为两类：不定冠词a/an和定冠词the。不定冠词a/an只能用于单数名词之前，表示“一…”的意思或该名词的不特定性。定冠词the则强调该名词的特定性，表示“这、这些”等意思，在可数名词与不可数名词之前都能使用。一、不定冠词的用法1.不定冠词的种类：不定冠词有两个a和an。a用于以辅音音标开头的单词之前。例如：abook一本书awoman一个女人an用于以元音音标开头的单词之前。例如：anapple一个苹果anhour一个小时注意：当形容词修饰名词时，冠词要放在形容词的前面，这时用a或an取决于这个形容词的读音。例如：anEnglishteacher一位英语老师aredapple一个红苹果2.不定冠词的用法：(1)用于第一次提到的、不确定的人或物（可数名词）之前，例如：Thereisadogoutsidethedoor.门外有一条狗。DoyouseeamaninredT-shirt?你有看到一个穿红体恤衫的男子吗？(2)用于价格或时间等名词的前面，是“每…”的意思，例如：4yuanakilo每公斤四元onceaweek一周一次(3)表示职业、身份，例如：alawyer一个律师adoctor一个医生astudent一名学生(4)用于数字、量词之前，例如：ahundred一百alotof许多acouple一对(5)用于一些固定词组中havearest休息makealiving谋生agreatdeal很多二、定冠词的用法1.定冠词的一般用法(1)用于第二次谈到的人或物，例如：Shehasabag.Thebagisyellow.她有一个包，这个包是黄色的。(2)用于双方共知的人或物，例如：Idon’tlikethecoat.我不喜欢这件大衣。(3)“the+n单数.”可以表示一类人或物，例如：thepanda大熊猫thedriver司机2.定冠词的特殊用法定冠词常用于一些特定词的前面。助记：沙漠、河流与群山；列岛、海峡与海湾；阶级、党派、国家名；组织、团体和机关；方位、朝代、独一词；会议、文件及报刊；乐器、建筑、海洋群；定冠词帽戴在前。theYellowRiver黄河playthepiano弹钢琴TheGreatWall长城thePeople’sDaily人民日报theUnitedNations联合国(1)用于姓氏复数之前表示全家人/夫妇俩，例如：thegreens格林一家theMr.Li李先生一家(2)“the+adj.”表示一类人或物，例如：therich富人thepoor穷人theyoung年轻人(3)用于形容词最高级前面，例如：Heisthetallestboyinourclass.他是我们班上最高的男生。(4)用于一些固定词组中intheevening在晚上atthemoment在此时gotothecinema去电影院三、不用冠词（零冠词）的情况下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前；专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭；复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前；颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。1.在一些专有名词（人名、地名、月份、节日等）之前，不用冠词。MissLaura劳拉小姐DoctorSmith史密斯医生Hydepark海德公园March三月Children’sDay儿童节2.名词前已有修饰词的时候，不用冠词。例如：thismorning今天早上mybook我的书yourchildren你的孩子3.在表示三餐、球类、棋类和游戏等名词前，一般不用冠词。例如：playbasketball打篮球playcards打牌playgames玩游戏havedinner吃晚饭4.在物质名词和抽象名词前，一般不用冠词。例如：Welovepeace.我们爱和平。Smokingisbadforhealth.吸烟有害健康。1.Davidis_______singer.Hethinksitis_______interestingjob.A.a;theB.the;an C.a;/ D.a;an2.AsTimlovesZunyialot,hebought________one-waytickettoZunyi.A.anB.aC.theD./3.Cathywasveryhappytomeet_______oldfriendontheplanetoParis.A.aB.anC.theD./4.What_________goodnews!OurschoolbandwillplayatHarbinSummerConcertinAugust.A.aB.anC.the D./5.Lookat________calendar.It’sJune22.A.a B.an C.the D./6.Beijingisoneof_______biggestcitiesinChina,anditisfamousfor_______GreatWall.A.a;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;the7.Myfriendisgoodatplaying______basketball.A.aB.anC.theD./基础演练一、单项选择1.Howabouttaking_______shortbreak?Iwanttomake_______call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a2.Ilookedunder______bedandfound_______booksIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the;theC./;theD.the;/3.Ilike______colorofyourskirt.Itis______goodmatchforyoublouse.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the4.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross_____continent.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/5.What______pitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceive_______prize.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the二、在下列空白处填入适当冠词，不需要冠词处画/。1.Thereis________pictureof________elephanton______wall.2.________elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse.3.________doctortoldhimtotake________medicinethreetimes______day.4.Let’sgoourfor______walk.5._______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China.巩固提高一、在下列空白处填入适当冠词，不需要冠词处画/。1.Thisis_______usefulbook.I’vereaditfor______hour.2._________sunrisesin_______east.3.Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime?4.Hejoined________armyin_______springof1995.5.________oldmanis______teacher.Helikesplaying______basketballafter_______supper.6.It’shot.Open_______door,please.7.Thereis_______womanoverthere._______womanisMeimei’smother.8.WashingtonD.C.is________capitalof_______USA.9.________Turnersarelivingattheendof________TurnerStreet.10.AfterIhad________quickbreakfast,Ihurriedtoschool.二、根据中文提示完成句子不要把我与别人比较。Don’t_________________________________________.2.我们必须坚持跑下去直到到达终点。Wehaveto_______________untilwe________________.他下决心要学好英语。He____________________________tolearnEnglishwell.我真的很激动能有机会看到这些美景。Iwasreally_________to______________toseethebeautifulviews.David戴上眼镜看起来很酷。Davidlooksverycool________________________.6.Tom和Kate都喜欢旅游。__________Tom_________Kateliketravelling.7.她想了很多，该怎么过这个寒假。She________________________howto_________thiswintervacation.8.作者把生活比作旅行。Thewriter________________________ajourney.9.我们应该勇敢地面对失败。We______________________bravely.10.互联网使我们的生活变得容易和方便。Internet________ourlives______________________________.一、单项选择1.Jacks’hobbyistoplay__________chess.A.aB.anC.theD./2.Janeis________16-year-oldstudentin_________UnitedStates.A.a;theB.the;aC.a;/D.the;the3.---HasMaryevervisitedTowerBridge?---Yes.She_________ittwoyearsago.A.visitsB.visitedC.hasvisitedD.wasvisiting4.---Thisisthe______timethatIcometoParis.Ihavebeentheretwice.---Metoo.TheworldissolargethatIwanttoseemoreofit.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.last5.Whenyouplaysports,youneedtoguard_______accidents.A.overB.againstC.withD.at6.Peterreturnedthewallettothepolice.Hewas_______honestboy.A.aB.anC.the D./7.---Youlookedtired.Why?.---I_______theFragrantHilltoseetheredleavesyesterday.A.climb B.climbedC.haveclimbed D.wasclimbing8.Shanghaiisalargeandmoderncity,_______hasmanybeautifulplaces.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whom9.ItistruethatShakespeare’splays________bymanypeopleeveryyear.A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.areseen10.Inordertoreachhisgoal,hehas________allkindsofdifficulties.A.overcome B.thrownC.madeD.found二、完形填空Duringsummervacations,Iwouldvolunteeratthepetrescue(救助)centre,soIcouldseealotofdogs.Minniewasthefunniest-lookingdogI'deverseenbyfar.Herbodylookedlikeasausage.Herhairwastoothinto1herbody.Hereyesalwaysseemedsurprised,andhertailwassoshortthatitlookedlikearat’stail.Shelookedsostrangethather2didn’twantheranymore.Shewasbroughttothecentre.ButIthought,“Minniewaskindandsweet.Nooneshouldlaughatherstrangelooking.”SoIgaveMinnieagoodbathand3herinthenewspaper:“Funny-lookingdog,kindandsweet,needsloving4.”Later,aboycalledme,butIwarnedhimthatMinniewas5.However,theboytoldmethathisgrandfather’ssixteen-year-olddoghadjustdied.TheywantedtokeepMinnieverymuch.Hearingthesewords,IsaidthattheycouldtakeMinnieaway.Icombed(梳)herhair,andgaveheragoodbath.Thenwewaitedforthemtoarrive.Atlast,anoldcarstoppedinfrontofthepetrescuecentre.Twokids6tothedoor.TheyputMinnieintotheirarmsandrushedouttotheirgrandfather,whowaswaitinginthecar.Ihurriedbehindthemtoseehisreaction(反应).Insidethecar,thegrandfatherputMinnieinhisarmsand7hersofthair.Shelookedveryrelaxedandhappy.“She’sperfect,andIlikeher!”theoldmansaid.Iwas8thatMinniehadfoundagoodowner.Justatthattime,Isawthatthegrandfather’seyeswereamilkywhitecolor—hewasblind.Afterthatsummervacation,ImissedMinniesomuch.SoIwentbacktothegrandfather’shouse.ThegrandfatherwaswalkinginthegardenwithMinnie9theway.Icouldseebothofthemwerehappy.“Minnieisthemostbeautifuldoginmyeyes,”saidthegrandfather,“I’ve10felthappierbefore!”Hearingthis,Iwasprettyhappy!1.A.hide B.warm C.protectD.cover2.A.owner B.leader C.teacher D.partner3.A.introduced B.reportedC.praised D.advertised4.A.school B.family C.hospital D.zoo5.A.sick B.dirty C.ugly D.dangerous6.A.jumped B.stepped C.walked D.raced7.A.tidied B.cleaned C.touched D.pulled8.A.peaceful B.thankful C.careful D.powerful9.A.leading B.taking C.giving D.making10.A.just B.ever C.never D.still__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.

We

celebrate

our

national

day

______

1st

October

every

year.

A.

in

B.

at

C.

on

D.

for

2.

Li

Na

trained

very

hard,

______

she

became

a

great

tennis

player

later.

A.

or

B.

so

C.

for

D.

but

3.---Which

sport

do

you

like

______,

basketball

or

football?

---Basketball,

of

course.

Kobe

is

my

favorite

sports

star.

A.

well

B.

better

C.

best

D.

the

best

4.

---What’s

your

grandma

doing,

Ellen?

---She

______

the

flowers

in

the

garden.

A.

waters

B.

will

water

C.

watered

D.

is

watering

5.---Must

I

finish

making

the

poster

today?

---

No,

you

______.You

can

make

it

tomorrow.

A.

needn’t

B.

mustn’t

C.

can’t

D.

shouldn’t(附：单选1-5,

北京市朝阳区2014—2015学年度第一学期期末检测九年级英语试卷)二、阅读理解AAlexandEmilyGodfreyhadbeeninJapanwiththeirparentsfornearlyaweek.Theyweretheretovisittheirmother’soldcollegeroommate,whohadmovedtoJapantoteachEnglish.ThenshefellinlovewiththecountryandmarriedaJapanese.“What'sourplanfortheafternoon?”askedAlexafterlunchoneday.“Well,”saidMr.Ito,“wehaveticketsfora4:00baseballgame.”“IhadnoideabaseballwaspopularinJapan,”repliedAlex.Afewhourslater,theItosandtheGodfreyswereseatedinsidethestadiumamongacrowdofexcitedfans.“Arethosecheerleaders?”askedEmily.Shewaspointingtoagroupofmenontheballfieldwholedthecrowdinchantsandcheers.Mrs.Itonodded,“IforgetthatAmericansdon'thavecheerleadersforbaseballgames.That'sthedifferencebetweenAmericanandJapanesebaseballculture.”“Baseballisn’tmycupoftea,buttoday’sgamepromisestobeagoodone.ThetwoteamsarethebestinJapan,“Mr.Itoadded.Oncethegamebegan,EmilyandAlexfoundthegameitselfdidn'tseemmuchdifferentatallfromtheAmericanbaseballgames.Theyweresurprised,though,toseepeoplewavingAmericanflagsfromtimetotime.Mr.Itoexplained,“Japaneseteamsareeachallowedtohavethreeforeignplayers.WhenAmericanplayerscomeuptobat,theirfansshowsupportbywavingyourcountry’sflag.”Attheendofthegame,AlexandEmilyweretired,buttheirmindswereracingwithalltheyhadseeninthegame.“Didyouhaveagoodday,kids?”askedMrs.Godfrey,turningtoAlexandEmily.Theynodded.“Aftertoday,IhaveafeelingthatAmericanbaseballmayneverbequiteasinterestingagain.”saidEmily.1.WhydidAlexandEmilygotoJapan?A.ToteachEnglish. B.Towatchabaseballgame.C.Toliveinthecountry.D.Tovisittheirmother’sfriend.2.WhatdidAlexandEmilyfindaboutbaseballinJapan?A.Baseballwasunpopularinthecountry.B.Japaneseteamshadnoforeignplayers.C.Japanesehadcheerleadersforbaseballgames.D.Japanesehaddifferentrulesofbaseballgames.3.HowdidAlexandEmilyfeelwhentheysawAmericanflags?A.Surprised. B.Proud. C.Excited. D.Nervous.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Mr.Itowasabaseballfan.B.AlexandEmilyenjoyedthegame.C.AlexandEmilyknewnothingaboutbaseball.D.EmilythoughtAmericanbaseballmoreinteresting.BGetitfree!HaveyoueverbeentoShanxiinnorthChina?WouldyouliketoseeforyourselfthedifferentculturesinShanxi?DoyouwanttoexperiencetheYellowRivercultureofChina?ShanxiisoneoftheimportantplacesofChinesecultureandhasbeendescribedastheplaceoforigin(起源)ofancientChina.

ItisproudofthegreatTaihangMountains,theYellowRiverthatraisedthethousand-oldChineseculture,MountWutai,whichisseenasoneofthefourmountainsbyChineseBuddhists(佛教),theYungangGrottoesthatweredoneabout1,600yearsagoandtheancienttownofPingyao—oneofthefourbestkeptoldtownsinthecountry.ThesightandhistoryofShanxihardlyfailtosurprisevisitors.Peoplecanvisitthenobletombs(皇陵)oftheancientJinKingdom,whichdatesback3,000years.TheycanalsoadmireatatraditionalChinesetownbuiltabout600yearsago.ThisisShanxi—ahistoricallyrich,mysterious(神秘的)placeandaplacethatisonly500kilometersawayfromBeijing.Ifyouareinterestedinallthatwasmentionedabove,weareofferingyouaspecialopportunity—afreetriptoShanxi!

Cost:Allliving,food,transportandticketswillbepaidforbyChinaDaily(中国日报).Othercosts(suchasinternationaltelephonecalls,businesscenterservices,roomservice)willnotbecoveredbyChinaDaily.

Requirements:

1.Foreigners(speakexcellentEnglish).

2.Goodatwritingand/orphotography.

3.KnowledgeofChinesecultureispreferred.

Timeandplaceoftrip:

July,2015–TripofthemajormountainsinShanxi.

September,2015–TripofYellowRiverinShanxi.

Deadline:June10,2015

Howtogetitfree:

1.Pleasesendyourpersonalinformationto:events@.Wewillnotsharethepersonalinformationwithanythirdparty.

2.Photographsorwritingareneededifthere’sany.Wealsoencourageyoutowriteaboutthereasonsforjoiningthetripandyourexpectations.Wehopethatthosewhowilljoinuswillwriteabouttheirfeelingsafterwardsandtakeasmanyphotosaspossible,astheywillpostthephotographsorwritingsoftheirsabout“beautifulShanxi”onChinaDaily.

5.WhatisShanxiproudof?A.Modernbuildings.B.Longhistory.C.Greatservice.D.Freetrips.6.

Whocanprobablygetthisopportunity?A.AChinesepainterwithgoodspokenEnglishskills.B.AJapanesephotographerwithgoodwritingskills. C.ABritishsingerwithChineseculturelearningexperience. D.AFrenchmusicianwithunderstandingofChinesehistory.7.Wherewillthepassageprobablyberead?A.Inarestaurantmenu. B.Inahotelnamelist. C.Inastorybook. D.Inanewspaper.8.WhatmayChinaDailydoafterthetrip?A.Getbusywithhundredsofphotos. B.Raisesomemoneytorepairtheloss.C.Collectpersonalinformationemails.D.Writeaboutthecostofthefreetrip.CGreenisanimportantcolorinnature.Itisthecolorofgrassandtheleavesontrees.Itisalsothecolorofmostgrowingplants.Sometimes,thewordgreenmeansyoung,freshandgrowing.Sometimes,itdescribessomethingthatisnotyetripeorfinished.Forexample,agreenhornissomeonewhohasnoexperience,whoisnewtoasituation.Inthefifteenthcentury,agreenhornwasayoungcoworoxwhosehorns(角)hadnotyetdeveloped.Acenturylater,agreenhornwasasoldierwhohadnotyethadanyexperienceinbattle(战役).Bytheeighteenthcentury,agreenhornhadthemeaningithastoday—apersonwhoisnewinajob.Someonewhohastheabilitytogrowplantswellissaidtohaveagreenthumb(拇指).Theexpressioncomesfromearlynineteenhundreds.Apersonwithagreenthumbseemstohaveamagictouchthatmakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell.Youmightsaythatthewomannextdoorhasagreenthumbifhergardencontinu