读后续写精彩纷呈动作描写之说（讲义）

精彩纷呈动作描写之“说”（讲义）目录目标1精彩纷呈的不同的“说”目标2不同位置的“说”目标3掌握不同修饰法的“说”目标4避免易错、易丢分的“说”目标5经典赏析目标6真题感悟精彩纷呈的不同的“说”【多种表达】一般说say说;speak说；tell告诉；add补充说；insist坚持说；chat(聊天)哭着说cry哭叫；大声说；sob呜咽着说;weepout哭着说出笑着说smile微笑着说;laugh笑着说；saywithasmile;chuckle(轻笑着说)音调说call喊，叫;yell喊叫(因激动，恐惧);shout高喊;大声喊叫;scream惊呼，高声叫道；scream(尖叫),roar(吼叫),,letoutaloudvoice(大叫/大声呼喊),whisper(小声/低语)，murmur(低语/嘀咕/低声抱怨)褒贬说praise称赞；complain抱怨；sigh叹息；mutter低声抱怨；murmur嘟囔问答说ask问；explain解释说；reply=respond答复,回答；answer回答demand质问；inquire(询问)；tell告诉反对说disagree不同意；deny否认；scold责备;contradict反驳说；argue争论；protest抗议声明说state声明；declare宣布；announce宣布;claim声明;pointout指出评论说comment;observe;remark;hint(暗示)；add(补充说)观点说admit承认；agree同意；advise劝告，建议；suggest建议；argue主张acknowledge承认；其他说repeat重复；promise答应/许诺；comfort安慰；warn警告；whisper悄声说;低语道；beg恳求；promise承诺道；emphasize=stress强调;swear发誓；【精彩典例】【2023年新高考全国I卷】“Iknewyou’dwin!Iamproudofyou.Youmadeit!”hesaidexcitedly.“我知道你会赢的！”我为你感到骄傲。你做到了！”他兴奋地说。【广东省河源市2023-2024学年高三开学联考】“Youcanslowlystartanewlifewiththismoney,friend,”OfficerJacksonsaidencouragingly.“朋友，你可以用这笔钱慢慢地开始新的生活，”杰克逊警官鼓励地说。3.【广东省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试题】...buttwoweekslater,hissecretarycalled,“Mr.Slaightwantstoknowifyou’dliketocomeandauditionforanewschoollifeshow.”Iimmediatelyanswered，“Sure!”但两周后，他的秘书打电话说：“斯莱特先生想知道你是否想来参加一个新的学校生活节目的试镜。”我立刻回答说：“当然可以！”4.【2022年厦门大学附中2022-2023学年期中】Astheboatwasapproaching,Kianapointedtoherfatherandsisterandsomeonescreamed,“Theyareinthewater!Help!”当船驶近时，基亚娜指着她的父亲和妹妹，有人尖叫道：“他们在水里！”救命！”“Ididfinishmywork,"heemphasized.“我真的完成了工作。”他强调说。“Itisallyourfault!"heretorted.“那都是你的错!”他反驳说。7.Lilyscoldedthechildgentlyforbeingnaughty.Lily轻声责备了那个调皮的孩子。8.“Hannah?Youknowwheresheis?Howisshe?Pleasetellme,”hebegged.“Hannah?你知道她在哪儿吗？她怎么样？请告诉我。”他恳求道。9.Shemanagedaforcedsmile,murmuring“Thankyou,anyway,”andturnedtowardthedoorway.她勉强一笑，低声说“无论如何谢谢你”，转身朝门口走去。10.“There’saChristmaswishcontestonthenewspaper,”Amy’smomannounced.“WritealettertoSanta,andyoumightwinaprize.”“报纸上有一个圣诞愿望竞赛。”Amy的妈妈宣布，“给圣诞老人写封信可能会得奖。”位置灵活的“说”【多种表达】No.1在前面：说话人+说话内容“说”后用逗号，引号内第一个字母大写，句尾标点符号放在引号内。1.（2023年新高考I卷真题）Isaid,“It’syouwhomakemefallinlovewithwriting,mysocialstudiesteacher.Withoutyourrecognitionandguidance,Icouldn’thavewrittenthisarticle.Againthankyouverymuch!”我说：“是你让我爱上了写作，我的社会研究老师。如果没有你的认可和指导，我就不可能写这篇文章。再次非常感谢你！2.Headdedsoftly“Imissyou.”他又温柔的说了一句:“我想念你。”No.2在句中：说话内容+说话人+说话内容“某人说”可以写作“sb.said”也可以写作“saidsb.”；“某人说”前面引号内用逗号，引号外第一个字母小写。“某人说”后面如果用句号，则后面引号内第一个字母大写；“某人说”后面如果用逗号，则后面引号内第一个字母小写。1.“Ican’tgetitout!”Ishouted,myvoicesoundingunnaturallyloudintheenclosedspace.“我拿不出来！”我喊道，我的声音在封闭的空间里听起来很奇响。2.Hissonsmiledsomewhatshyly,andrepliedsoftly,“Me,too,Dad!”他的儿子有些腼腆地笑了笑，轻声答道:“我也是，爸爸!”3.“Veryclever,”saidtheteacher,noddinghisheadasifpleased.“很聪明，”老师高兴地点了点头说。4.“我的答案是对”汤姆争辩道，“你的答案是错的。”“Myanswerisright,"arguedTom,“andyoursiswrong.”5.“Didyougoskatingalotlastyear?”Iasked,blurtingoutthefirstthingthatcametomymind.“你去年经常溜冰吗？”我问，脱口说出出现在我脑海里的第一件事。6.“Toyourhealth!”saidMr.White,whoalsoemptiedhisglass,andwipedhismouthwithhishandkerchief.“祝你健康!”White先生说，他也把杯子倒空了，用手帕擦了擦嘴。No.3在后面：说话内容+说话人陈述句引号内用逗号，引号外第一个字母小写；疑问句或感叹句引号内用问号或感叹号，引号外第一个字母小写。可以写作“sb.said”也可以写作“saidsb.”。1.“Iwouldliketogowithyou,butIhaven’tfinishedmyhomework.”Shesaid.她说：“我想和你一起去，但我还没有做完成作业。”2..“Heisafineyoungman,"observedStephen.“他是一位优秀的年轻人，”斯蒂芬评论道。“You'recrazy!"shelaughed.“你疯啦!”她哈哈大笑起来。“Help,help!”hecried/screamed.“救命啊,救命啊!”他高声喊道。多种修饰的“说”【１被副词修饰】1.【2022年新高考全国I卷】Thechildrensaidloudly,“HappyMother’sDay!”孩子们大声说：“母亲节快乐！”2.“Iwon’tletyoudown,”herepliedconfidently.他信心十足地回答道，“我不会让你失望的。”3.“Mybestfriendisleaving,”shesaidsadly.“我最好的朋友要走了，”她难过地说。4.“That'simpossible,"shethoughtaloud.“那不可能，”她自言自语地说。【２被介词短语修饰】1.“Doyouknowtheanswer?”hesaidwitheagerness.“你知道答案吗？”他急切地说。“Ofcourse,”Nancyrepliedwithasmile.“当然,”南希笑着回答。3.Thehousegotreallynoisyatthattime,witheverybodyholleringandshoutingatthetopofhisvoice.那栋房子真是很吵闹，每个人都在用最大的嗓门大喊大叫。4.“Christine!Takecareofyouryoungbrother!”Mothershoutedatthetopofhervoice.“Christine!照顾好你弟弟！”母亲高声喊道。【３被非谓语短语修饰】1.“Ididn’tgetanidealscoreinthemathexam,”saidLily,disappointed.“我在数学考试中没有得到理想的分数，”莉莉失望地说。2.“Timetogo.”Iwhisperedtothegirl,wishingshecouldfollowmerightaway.“该出发了。”我轻声对小女孩说，希望她能立马跟上。3.“Heturnedmeoutoftheroomthismorning,”saidJames,stampinghisfootwithexcitement.早上他把我赶出了房间，”詹姆斯激动的跺着脚说。4.“Ididn'tknowwhatIwasdoing,”shesaid,laughing.“我不知道我在做什么，”她笑着说。5.“I'llgetussomecoffee,”shesaid,headingforthekitchen.“我去给我们拿点咖啡，”她说着朝厨房走去。【４被状语从句修饰】say后接状语从句，增加了细节描写。即：“...”sbsaid,as/when/before/asif...1.“Whatabeauty!”saidthenursewhenshecametothedoor.“多美啊!”护士走到门口时说道。2.“Watchout!”sheshouted,asthecarstartedtomove.“当心!”当汽车开始移动时，她喊道。【５被并列句修饰】say后接并列谓语或接并列句，增加了动作描写。即：“...”sbsaid,and(thenhe)did....1.“IwasattackedbyawolfandIthoughtIwouldneverseeyouagain.”Machuggedthemandburstoutcrying.“我被狼袭击了，我以为再也见不到你了。”麦克抱着他们，大哭起来。【６被...+动作描写来修饰】1.FrankquicklytoldBelleRingerandtheothertwodriversaboutStevie'ssurgery,andthensighed.弗兰克快速地告诉BelleRinger和其他两名司机Stevie手术的事，说完之后叹了口气。2.“Idon'tbelieveyouanymore”Heturnedaround,slammedthedoorandstormedout.“我再也不相信你了。”他转过身，砰的一声关上门，冲了出去。3.Jamesmurmuredathankyouandranhomealltheway.James轻轻地说了声“谢谢”后一路跑回了家。4.Hepaused,lookedstraightintohereyes,andsaidinaquietvoice,“That'strue.他停下来，直视着她的眼睛，平静地说:“那是真的。”5.TheQueen,quiteoutofbreathfromyellingandscreaming,wentuptoAliceandasked,“Haveyoumethimyet?”女王因为大声喊叫而气喘吁吁地向爱丽丝走过来并且问道:“你见过他吗?”6.“Drivesafely,"hesaid,andwavedgoodbye.“小心开车，”他说着挥手告别。7.“Comehere,”saidthelittleman,andtookhertooneofthecornersofthebuilding.【7不出现“说”，...+动作描写来修饰】1.“IwasattackedbyawolfandIthoughtIwouldneverseeyouagain.”Machuggedthemandburstoutcrying.“我被狼袭击了，我以为再也见不到你了。”麦克抱着他们，大哭起来。2.Heinterruptedthesilencewithanannouncement:“ThedeadlinetoenterfortheCompetitionistomorrow.”他用一则通知打断了沉默:“报名参加比赛的截止日期是明天。”3.Shesuggestedawalkintheopenairandhereadilyagreed.她提议去户外走走，他欣然同意了。4.Hewentalong,stoppinghisfriendsbeginningendlesslyhisstatement.他走过去拦住他的朋友们，开始了他无休止的陈述。低分的“说”错误一滥用修饰词【典例1】“Howcanyoudothis?"shesaidveryangrily,lookingatmefuriously.【点睛】此句使用了大量副调。并且套用了分词作伴随的句型。过度使用副词让阅卷老师觉得你词汇贫乏。废话连篇，对情节发展和刻画人物性格没有帮助。【典例2】“Thatisfantasticnews,”hesaidhappily.【点睛】此句中完全没有必要加上一个happily来表达说的方式，因为句中的fantastic一词足以说明说话人的表情，过度强调对话标签会让读者的注意力集中在“说话的方式”而不是“说话的内容”。错误二追求花哨，过度使用“对话标签”【典例】“Hey，howareyou?”“I’mfine,howareyou?”“Howistheweather?”“Terrific!Nicedayforawalkisn'tit?”【点睛】这样的对话在现实生活中很真实，但是小说毕竟是艺术加工，无助情节推动的，不能刻画人物性格的日常寒暄和偏离文章主线的对话绝对不用。错误三用词不当，逻辑混淆【典例】“Ican'tbelieveit,”Emmagasped.“That'shilarious,”Henrychuckled.【点睛】这里把动作描写逻辑混淆了，gasp(喘息)不能.chuckle(轻笑)出一句话。“Ican'tbelieveit”Emmasaidwithagasp.(Dialoguetag+with介词短语)错误四重复使用，废话堆积【典例】“Itoldyoualready,”Isaid,glaring.【点睛】此句对话中的主语“1”已经清晰地说明了说话者，完全没有必要用dialoguetag“Isaid”来说明说话对象。可以加上一点动作描写就可以避免这种错误，并且提升语言的生动性。Iglaredathim,“Itoldyoualready.”经典赏析【模拟速递】【广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三开学试题】Whenmydadarrived,hewentasusual,straighttothebalconyandsawhisflowerslyingonthefloorlikedeadanimals.Innotime,hegotannoyedandstormedintoourroom,questioningusinglarewhoitwasthatmadesuchamessofhisflowers.Insteadofcrying,braveMariaheldouttheflowersandexplainedwhatwemeanttodoandhowitendedupthisway.Shewasafraidthatdadmightpunishher,butatthesametimeshehopedthatdadwouldsmileatourwarmactions.Deeplytouched,dadheldtheflowerstightlyandgently,andimmediatelygatheredusintohisarms,saying,“Youaremybestflowers!”当我爸爸到达时，他像往常一样，径直走到阳台上，看到他的花像死动物一样躺在地板上。很快，他就怒气冲冲地冲进了我们的房间，怒不可遏地问我们，是谁把他的花弄得一团糟。勇敢的玛丽亚没有哭，而是拿出花，解释我们打算做什么，以及它是如何这样结束的。她担心爸爸会惩罚她，但同时她也希望爸爸会对我们温暖的行为微笑。爸爸深深地感动，紧紧而温柔地握着花，立刻把我们抱在怀里，说：“你们是我最好的花！”【2022年新高考II卷】阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute(路线)throughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊恼).Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.【答案】Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.Isaidgentlyandquietly,“Noonecanchangeyourmind,exceptyourself.Ifyoudesiretochallengeyourself,thereisnothingtodowithothers’thoughts.”Hesatstillwithadeepbreath.“Youhaveafullpreparationbeforethisevent,whichisthemostimportantreasonwhyyoushowuphere”,Iaddedwithasinceretone.Hearingmywords,Davidturnedtometremblinglywithtearsspillingoutofhiseyesandexpressedhehadmadeafirmdeterminationtofinishthecross-countryrun.HiscoachheardwhatDavidsaidandgavemealook—thekindthatwasmoredeterminedthananyoneelse’s.IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.Theracestarted.Itseemedthattherunwaywasextremelylongforyoungchildren,nottomentionachildwithabraindisease.Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottenallhisweaknesses,thoughhewastrippedoverwithintheafewkilometers.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforehepickedhimselfupagainandcontinuedhismission.Classmatesallappearedontheracingtrack,cheeringforhim.“Comeon!Youcan