北师大版高中英语必修二第5讲：Unit5-Rhythm-词汇篇2(学生版)

Unit5Rhythm词汇篇2____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、掌握第五单元第三课及第四课的重点单词，短语及句型。2、灵活运用第五单元第三课及第四课的重点单词，短语及句型。doingsth.is/does/can…动名词作主语考点释义：=1\*GB3①动名词作主语，表示抽象的概念，通常直接至于句首。LearningEnglishisreallynecessaryinthemoderntimes.在当今这个时代，学英语是很有必要的。=2\*GB3②用it作形式主语，动名词后置，以下是常用句型：Itis/wasnouse/goodItis/wasnotanyuse/gooddoingItis/wasoflittleuse/gooddoingItis/wasworth2.livewith与…一起生活，忍受，忍耐Shehadtolearntolivewiththepain.她不得不学会承受痛苦。短语拓展：=1\*GB3①liveby靠…手段谋生=2\*GB3②liveon以食…为生，靠（…钱）生活=3\*GB3③livethrough经历灾难（或其他困境）而幸存=4\*GB3④liveupto符合，不辜负（他人的期望）=5\*GB3⑤livefor为…而活着3.not…until直到…才…考点释义：=1\*GB3①Notuntil位于句首，主句用倒装语序。NotuntilIhavefinishedmytaskshallIbeabletogotothemovies.直到完成任务我才能去看电影。=2\*GB3②使用Itis/was…that强调句型。Itwasnotuntilhewasactuallydyingthathesaid“Icanworkforthepeoplenomore.”直到他临终之前，他才说；“我再也不能为人民工作了。”4.attimes=fromtimetotime有时，不时短语拓展：atatime每次，一次wecan’tdotwothingsatatime.我们不能一次做两件事情。atalltimes总是，随时，永远pleasekeepacoolheadatalltimes.无论何时请保持清醒的头脑。atanytime随时，在任何时候innotime立刻，马上atonetime曾经，一度atnotime绝不5.quitvt.&vi.停止，辞职，离开短语拓展：=1\*GB3①quitsth.停止某事，辞去（工作）=2\*GB3②quitdoingsth.停止做某事=3\*GB3③quitoffice/one’sjob辞职=4\*GB3④quitschool辍学6.goontodosth.继续做另外一件事Let’sgoontolearnthenextunit.让我们继续学习下一单元。短语拓展：=1\*GB3①goontodosth.接着做另一件事=2\*GB3②goondoingsth.（停顿后）继续做原来的事Youcan’tgoonworkinglikethis—youwillbreakdown.不能再这样工作了—你会垮掉的。=3\*GB3③goonwithsth.（间断后）做原来没做完的事，后只接名词作宾语7.insomeways在一些方面短语拓展：=1\*GB3①innoway绝不=2\*GB3②inthe/one’sway挡路，妨碍=3\*GB3③onthe/one’sway在…路上，即将去（来）=4\*GB3④bytheway顺便说一下，凭借…方式=5\*GB3⑤bywayof经由，路经=6\*GB3⑥makewayfor给…让路=7\*GB3⑦makeone’sway前往，前进=8\*GB3⑧loseone’sway迷路=9\*GB3⑨inaway在某种程度上8.appearancen.外貌，外表，出现词汇拓展：appearv.出现，呈现，似乎，好像短语拓展：makeanappearance露面9.transformvt.转换，转化，改变，改造短语拓展：=1\*GB3①Transformsb./sth.into…把某人/某物改变成Themachinecantransformheatintopower.这台机器能把热能转换成电能。=2\*GB3②Transformsb./sth.from…把某人/某物从…中转变10.identifyvt.识别，认出，鉴定词汇拓展：=1\*GB3①identificationn.辨认，确认，鉴定=2\*GB3②identifyn.身份，特性，同一性=3\*GB3③identicaladj.相同的短语拓展：=1\*GB3①identifycard身份证=2\*GB3②beidenticalwith/to与…相同11.includingprep.包括词汇拓展：includevt.包括（整体包括部分）温馨提示：使用including和included遵循以下公式：=1\*GB3①主句，including+被包括部分=2\*GB3②主句，被包括部分+includedTheywillsendyouthebookfor$5,includingthepostage.=Theywillsendyouthebookfor$5,thepostageincluded.连邮费在内花上5美元，他们就会把书寄给你。12.which引导的非限制性定语从句原文再现：Anotherwell-knownfolkdanceistheYangge,whichisoftenperformedonspecialoccasions.句型剖析：这是一个复合句，whichis…是一个非限制性定语从句。which是关系代词，指代theyangge。在非限制性定语从句中，which可以指代主句的一个名词或代词，也可以指代前面整个主句。标志是，前后主从复合句用逗号隔开。例：Chinaisadevelopingcountry,whichisknowntoall.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。13.occasionn.某次，…的时候，时刻，盛典词汇拓展：Occasionaladj.偶然的，偶尔的短语拓展：=1\*GB3①onoccasion(s)有时，偶然，偶尔=2\*GB3②have/taketheoccasiontodosth.有理由/借机会做某事Iwouldliketotaketheoccasiontothankeverybodyforyourkindnesstome.我想借此机会感谢各位对我的好意。14.skippingbackandforth欢快的扭来扭去原文再现：theyaredressedinbeautifulcostumes,skippingbackandforthtotherhythmoflouddrums.句型剖析：skippingbackandforthtotherhythmoflouddrums是现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰前面的主语。现在分词作伴随状语还可表示时间，原因，结果，条件，让步等。短语拓展：=1\*GB3①hereandthere到处，处处=2\*GB3②upanddown来回地，上上下下15.uniqueadj.独一无二的，独特的，唯一的易混辨析：=1\*GB3①unique:独一无二的，强调唯一VanGoghwasauniquepainter.梵高是一位独一无二的画家。=2\*GB3②special:特定的，具体的，不一定唯一，但是不同Whatareyouspecificaims?你的具体目的是什么？=3\*GB3③particular:不寻常的，挑剔的，强调不是一般的She’sparticularaboutwhatshewears.她对于穿着很讲究。16.throughprep.穿过，贯穿，透过，经由易混辨析：=1\*GB3①through:介词，“贯穿，透过，穿过”，从一头（边）到另一头（边），强调从空间或里面穿过。Theygotthroughtheforestatlast.最终他们穿过了森林。=2\*GB3②across:介词，“横穿，穿过，横渡”，指从表面上穿过。Lastweekheswamacrosstheriveralone.上周他独自一人游过了这条河。=3\*GB3③cross:动词，“横穿，横渡”。Whencrossingthestreet,becareful.过街时要注意安全。17.reactionn.反应，副作用词汇拓展：Reactv.起反应；对…作出反应短语拓展：=1\*GB3①reacttosth.对…作出反应，回应=2\*GB3②reactagainst反抗，反对=3\*GB3③reacton/upon对…有影响=4\*GB3④inreactionto对…反应=5\*GB3⑤actionandreaction作用与反作用18.leaveout漏掉，省略，删除Don’tleaveoutawordwhenwritingtheletter.写信时，别漏掉一个单词。短语拓展：=1\*GB3①leaveoff停止，中断It’stimetoleaveoffwork.该停止工作了。=2\*GB3②leavebehind留下，遗落，忘带=3\*GB3③leavealone不干涉=4\*GB3④leaveforsomeplace动身去某地WhendidyouleaveforShanghai?你什么时候动身去上海的？=5\*GB3⑤beleftover剩下，残留19.responsibleadj.有责任的，应付责任的词汇拓展：responsibilityn.责任短语拓展：=1\*GB3①beresponsiblefor应对…负责，对…有责任Who’sresponsibleforthisterriblemess?谁应该对这一团糟的局面负责任？=2\*GB3②beresponsibletosb.对某人负责=3\*GB3③have/bear/taketheresponsibility有/担当…的责任，对…负责Wemusttaketheresponsibilityforourcountry.我们必须对我们的国家负责。20.startoff开始活动，动身，活动起来It’salongtrip.We’llhavetostartout/offearly.这是一次长途旅行，我们得早点动身。短语拓展：=1\*GB3①startout启程，动身，出发=2\*GB3②startup（使）启动，发动，开始=3\*GB3③tostatwith起先，起初，首先=4\*GB3④makeanearlystart早点动身21.berelatedto与…有关系，和…有联系Allthingsarerelatedtoallotherthings.事与事之间是相互联系的。短语拓展：=1\*GB3①relateAtoB把A与B联系起来=2\*GB3②relateto涉及，与…相关=3\*GB3③relatesth.tosb.向某人叙述某事22.aswith同…一样，对…来说Aswithanyjoke,ithasbasisinreality.像任何笑话一样，这个笑话也能在现实中找到依据。短语拓展：=1\*GB3①aswith=asitisthesame同…一样=2\*GB3②asto/for关于，至于=3\*GB3③aswellas同…一样，也=4\*GB3④asitis照现状23.inbetween介于…之间Heisneitheradirectornoranactor,he’ssomewhereinbetween.他既不是导演又不是演员，是介于两者之间的人。24.recommendvt.推荐，介绍词汇拓展：=1\*GB3①recommendationn.推荐，劝告，正式建议，推荐信=2\*GB3②recommendedadj.被推荐的=3\*GB3③recommendableadj.可推荐的，值得推荐的短语拓展：=1\*GB3①recommendto交付=2\*GB3②recommendsth.tosb.向某人推荐某物=3\*GB3③recommendsb.forsth.推荐某人担任某职位=4\*GB3④recommendsb.as…推荐某人当…=5\*GB3⑤recommenddoingsth.劝告/建议做某事=6\*GB3⑥recommendsb.todosth.建议某人做某事例1._____basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.KnownHavingknownKnowingBeingknown解析：句意：懂得基本的急救技能有助于对紧急情况作出快速反应。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。分析题干可知非谓语动词作主，因为过去分词不能作主语，排除A项。根据句意可知，空格处不是表达完成或被动的意思，排除B和D项，即可推断出正确答案。答案：C。例2.Itissonoisyintherestaurantandhardforusto_____theconversation.goongoonwithkeepontakeon解析：句意：饭店里吵闹声很大，我们难以继续谈话。考查动词短语辨析。goondoingsth.（停顿后）继续做原来的事；keepondoingsth.继续做某事；takeon呈现，雇用，即可推断出正确答案。答案：B。例3.Graduationisagoodtimetothankthosewhohavehelpedyou_____thetoughyears.throughupwithfrom解析：句意：毕业时是向那些在艰苦岁月里帮助了你的人表示感谢的好机会。考查介词辨析。句子中who引导的定语从句中时态是现在完成时，所以用through表示贯穿这些年始终。其他介词不符合句意。答案：A。例4.Asajobseeker,heshouldfirstdecidewhattodoandwhatheshould_____inhisresume.A.leavebehindB.leaveoutC.leavealoneD.leaveoff解析：句意：作为一个寻找工作的人，他首先应该决定做什么并且决定简历中应该省略什么。本题考查动词短语辨析。Leavebehind留下；leaveout省略；leavealone不干涉；leaveoff停止。即可推断出正确答案。答案：B。例5.（2015北京东城高三二模）Visitorscanseethelargediamond,_____hasbeenkeptattheTowersincethe17thcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who解析：句意：这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是“diamond”,在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词which。答案：A。基础演练一，根据首字母或汉语提示，用所学的单词填空。Judgingbya__________canbemisleading.Apianohasblackandwhitek__________.Heisgoingtoq__________hisjobnextweek.Thepoliceaskedhimtoshowhisi__________card.Ourhotelhasa__________（全世界）reputationforgoodservice.Tonylikestogototheb__________inhissparetime.Nowelectricalapplianceshaveenteredintoo__________families.Shanghaiisatypicali__________cityinmodernChina.I’mfamiliarwiththis__________（类型）ofcomputer.Eachofushasourown__________（独特的）features.Keys：一，1.appearance 2.keys3.quit 4.identify5.worldwide 6.ballroom7.ordinary 8.immigrant9.type 10.unique巩固提高一，单句改错。Itissaidthatshequittosing._____________________________________________.Theboydidn’tgiveustheansweroftheexperience._____________________________________________.Janeissoagoodgirlthatallofuslikeherverymuch._____________________________________________.Playingfootballarehisfavoritething._____________________________________________.Innowayhewilldothatkindofthing._____________________________________________.Keys：1.tosing---singing 2.of---to3.so---such 4.are---is5.hewill---willhe一，用所给短语的适当形式填空。inorderto insomeways attimes inotherwordsrepresentbackandforth happento bepopularwith forsure fitinMybosssaidhewouldhavetoletmego.__________,hefiredme.Theredlinesonthemap__________railways.Themanwhohaseverythingis__________apoorman.Hestudiedharddayandnight__________catchupwithothers.Hemayevenhavebeenalittlelonely__________.Nothearingthenews,hewalked__________intheroom.Astrangething_________meonmywayhomelastnight.Loudmusic___________youngpeople.Doesthisplan_________yourarrangement?Nooneknows__________whatreallyhappened.二，单项选择。Thepresidenthopesthatthepeoplewillbebetteroffwhenhequitsthanwhenhe__________.hasstarted B.starts C.started D.willstart（2015北京西城高三第一学期期末）TheAlibabaGroup,__________wasfoundedin1999,hasbecomeChina’slargeste-commercecompany.inwinter.which B.what C.whose D.that（2015北京东城高三第一学期期末）Mr.SawyerstartedhiscareeratStanfordUniversity,______hebecameProfessorofPhysicsin2020.Which B.where C.when D.that（2015北京朝阳高三第一学期期末）Theconcertboredmetodeath.IwishI__________it.wouldn’thaveattended B.havenotattended C.didnotattend D.hadnotattended（2015北京丰台高三第一学期期末）HismothermadeGregorangejuiceeveryday,__________wouldhelphisrecovery.Which B.who C.when D.thatKeys:一.1.Inotherwords 2.represent3.insomeways 4.inorderto5.attimes 6.backandforth7.happenedto 8.ispopularwith9.fitin 10.Forsure 二，1-5CABDA__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一，阅读理解。ANewresearchshowsthatEarthwillhavemorethanninethousandmillionpeoplebytwothousandfifty.Theworldpopulationisatpresentaboutsixpointfourthousandmillion.TheresearchisfromthePopulationReferenceBureau,aprivategroupbasedinWashington.ItsaysmostgrowthwilltakeplaceindevelopingcountriesinAfricaandwesternAsia.IndiaisexpectedtopassChinaastheworld’smostpopulatednation.Bythemiddleofthecentury,thereportsays,Indiawillhaveoveroneandone-halfthousandmillioncitizens,anincreaseoffiftypercent.Chinahasonepointthreethousandmillionpeopleatpresent.ThePopulationReferenceBureausaysthepopulationshouldincreaseabouttenpercentbytwothousandfifty.Mostdevelopednationswillseeadropintheirpopulations.TheonlybigexceptionisexpectedtobetheUnitedStates.ThereportsaystheUnitedStateswillremainthethirdbiggestnation.Thepopulationisclosetothreehundredmillionnow.Itisexpectedtoreachfourhundredtwentymillion.Thereportsaysthiswillbebecauseofimmigration（移民）andlowdeathratesamongbabies.Betweennowandtwothousandfifty,Nigerisexpectedtobethefastestgrowingcountry.Thebiggestdecrease(下降)isexpectedinBulgaria.ThestudyisbasedoninformationfromgovernmentsandtheUnitedNations.ResearcherCarlHaubwrotethereport.Heexaminedinfant(婴儿)deathrates,lifeexpectancy,birthratesandtheagestructureofnations.Thestudyalsoconsideredfamilyplanninguseand,forthefirsttime,ratesofAIDS.MisterHaubsaysmostgrowthwilltakeplaceincountrieswithyoungpopulationsandtraditionallylargefamilies.HepointstoNigeriaandJapanastwonationsthataremovinginoppositedirectionsintermsofpopulation.1.Thebesttitleforthetextislikelytobe_____.A.WorldPopulationandtheDevelopmentofIndustryB.DevelopedCountryanditsPopulationC.DevelopingCountryanditsPopulationD.WorldPopulationby20502.Inwhichofthefollowingcountriesisthebiggestdecreaseexpectedinthegrowthofthepopulation?A.India.B.Egypt.C.ChinaD.Japan3.MostdevelopednationswillseeafallintheirpopulationsexcepttheUSbecause_____.A.thecountrydoesn’ttrytocontrolthepopulationgrowthB.infantdeathratesarelowC.peopleallovertheworldmovethereandsettledownD.bothBandC4.HowmanymorepeopleisIndialikelytohavethanChinaby2050accordingtothereport?A.750million.B.75millionC.70millionD.200millionBHalf-TruthsBecareofthosewhousethetruthtodeceive（欺骗）.Whensomeonetellsyousomethingthatistrue,butleavesoutimportantinformationthatshouldbeincluded,hecancreateafalseimpression.Forexample,someonemightsay,“Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery(彩票).Itwasgreat.Itookthatdollarticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundreddollars!”Thisguy’sawinner,right?Maybe,maybenot.Wethendiscoverthatheboughttwohundredtickets,andonlyonewasawinner.He’sreallyabigloser!Hedidn’tsayanythingthatwasfalse,buthepurposely(故意)omittedimportantinformation.That’scalledahalf-truth.Half-truthsarenottechnicallylies,buttheyarejustasdishonest.Dishonestcandidates(候选人)inpoliticalcampaignsoftenusethistactic(策略).Let’ssaythatduringGovernorSmith’slastterm(任期),herstatelostonemillionjobsandgainedthreemillionjobs.Thensheseeksanotherterm.Oneofheropponentsrunsanadsaying,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatelostonemillionjobs!”That’strue.Howeveranhoneststatementwouldhavebeen,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatehadanetgainoftwomillionjobs.”Advertiserswillsometimesusehalf-truths.It’sagainstthelawtomakefalseclaimssotheytrytomisleadyouwiththetruth.Anadmightshowoff,“NineoutoftendoctorsrecommendYuckyPillstocurenosepimples.”ItfailstomentionthattheyonlyaskedtendoctorsandnineofthemworkfortheYuckyCorporation.Thiskindofdishonestyhappenstoooften.It’sasadfactoflife:Liesarelies,andsometimesthetruthcanlieaswell.5.Whichstatementis