人教版初二(下)英语第3讲：unit-2-词汇篇(教师版)

Unit2词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点词汇句型，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。Alone/lonelyalone为形容词,意为“单独的”,只作表语,不能作定语.侧重说明独自一人,没有助手或同伴,没有感情色彩的，只表示客观的状态.

lonely意为“孤独的”,表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞,有较浓的感***彩,指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情.它为形容词,在句中作表语或定语.作定语时,意为“荒凉；偏僻”,多修饰表示地点的名词.

alone还可以作副词.

alone副词adv.单独；独自

Shewenthomealone.

她独自回家去了.

Afterhiswifedied,helivedalone.

他的妻子死后,他一个人生活.Usedto/beusedtodoing/beusedtodoUsedtodo:过去常常做某事，意思为现在不做了Beusedtosth/doingsth:习惯于做某事，to在这为介词Beusedtodosth:被用作去做某事，被动语态的一种形式Giveout/giveawaygiveaway1.捐献,赠送

Hegaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.他把大部分金钱捐给了慈善事业.

2.颁发,分送

Themayorgaveawaytheprizesattheschoolsportsday.在学校运动会那天市长颁发了奖品.

3.（由于粗心）丢失、错过（机会）

Theygaveawaytheirlastchanceofwinningthematch.他们错过了比赛取胜的最后机会.

givesth/sbaway（有意无意地）泄露

Shegaveawaystatesecretstotheenemy.她向敌人泄露了国家机密.

HisbroadLiverpoolaccentgavehimaway.他那浓重的利物浦口音暴露了他的身份.

givesth.off放出（气味,热量等）

Thecookerisgivingoffafuunysmell.锅里正在冒出一种怪味.

giveout

1.用尽;耗尽

Herpatiencefinallygaveout.她终于失去耐心了.

2.（指引擎、发动机）停止运转；失灵

Oneoftheplane'senginesgaveoutinthemid-Atlantic.在大西洋中部上空飞机的一个引擎失灵了.

givesth.out

1.分发；散发

Theteachergaveouttheexaminationpapers.老师分发了试卷.

2.放出；发出

Theradiatorisgivingoutalotofheat.散热器散发着大量的热.

3.宣布；广播

ThenewsofthePresident'sdeathwasgivingoutinabroad-cast.总统故去的消息在无线电中广播了.

其中在表示“散发；放出（气味,热量等）的意思时,giveoff和

giveout的用法是一样的,都解释为"sendoutoremitsth."Putoff/takeoff/getoff/setoffInterest/interesting/interestedInterest做动词意思为使别人感兴趣interestsb.Interesting做形容词，多以物做主语，表示使别人感兴趣的Interested做形容词，多以人做主语，表示对。。。感兴趣的。Setup/putup/lookupSetup:建立，设立Putup：张贴，举起Lookup：查找，向上看1.---Peterhaschangedalot,hasn'the?---Yes.Heusedto

theguitar,butnowheismore

inplayingsoccer.A.plays;interestedB.play;interestedC.play;interestingD.playing;interest解析：通过题意可知Peter是过去弹吉他，但现在对踢足球更感兴趣，故选B。2.Becauseofthebadweather,wehaveto

themeetingtillnextweek.A.takeoffB.getoffC.putoffD.setoff解析：takeoff：脱下，起飞；getoff：下车；putoff:拖延，延期；setoff：出发，故选C。3.Myaunt

ateacher,butnowsheisareporter.A.wasusedtobeB.isusedtobeC.usedtobeD.isusedto解析：根据题意可知，我的姑姑曾经是个老师，曾经是的固定搭配为usedtodo/be,故选C。4.IfIstayathome

,Imightfeel

.A.alone;aloneB.lonely;lonelyC.alone;lonelyD.lonely;alone解析：alone副词adv.单独；独自，指数量上的意义，lonely形容词，孤独的，指情感上的，故本题选C5.---Oh,dear!Yourroomisuntidy.---Sorry,mom.I'll

.A.setitupB.cleanitupC.putitupD.lookitup解析：依据题意为我将要把我的房间打扫干净，故选B。基础演练1.Bequiet,please.We'regoingtohaveanEnglishtest.NowI'mgoingto

yourpapers.A.giveoutB.giveupC.givebackD.giveaway2.Maryusedto

towork,butsheisusedto

toworknow.A.ridingabike;takingabusB.ridingabike;takeabusC.rideabike;takingabusD.rideabike;takeabus3.LastnightIsuddenly

awaytoworkouttheproblem.A.comeupB.camealongC.cameupwithD.camedown4.Weshouldnever

tilltomorrowwhatwecandotoday.A.putonB.putoffC.putupD.putout5.He

gooutwithhisparents,butnowhe

stayingathomealone.A.usedto;isusedtoB.isusedto;usedtoC.useto;isusedtoD.isusedto;isusedto6.Theoldwomanlives

,butsheneverfeels

.A.alone;aloneB.alone;lonelyC.lonely;aloneD.lonely;lonely7.---Whatwillyoudonateforthecharity?---I'll

someclothesbecausetheyaretoosmallforme.A.giveawayB.giveupC.giveoutD.givein8.Teachersoften

newtextbookstothestudentsatthebeginningofthenewterm.A.giveawayB.giveoffC.giveoutD.giveup9.Thestoryis

andallofusare

init.A.interest;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interested;interestingD.interesting;interested10.Hehasneverseenso

agame,hewasvery

.A.excited;excitingB.exciting;excitedC.exciting;excitingD.excited;excitedACCBABACDB巩固提高11.学生们轮流打扫教室。Thestudentstookturnsto

theirclassroom.12.托尼今天不高兴，我们让他振奋起来吧。Tonyisunhappytoday.Let's

.13.你的想法不错。但是我们需要尝试一下它。Yourideaisverygood.Butweneedto

it

.14.我简直无法想象这儿曾经是个小渔村。Ican'timaginethatit

asmallfishingvillagehere.15.因为下大雨，运动会不得不推迟了。Thesportsmeetinghastobe

becauseoftheheavyrain.16.去年一个新的图书馆在这个学校被建立起来了。Anewlibrarywas

intheschoollastyear.17.即使是最简单的日常活动也会对环境造成影响。Eventhesimplestdailyactivitiescanalso

theenvironment.18.你会把你的旧东西赠送给别人吗？Canyou

youroldthingstoothers?19.请你帮我修一下自行车好吗?Couldyoupleasehelpme

mybike?20.他们正在组织一场才艺表演为慈善事业筹款。They'reorganizingatalentshowto

forcharity.11.cleanup12.cheerhimup13.try;out14.usedtobe15.putoff16.setup17.makeadifferenceto18.giveaway19.fixup20.raisemoney一、单项选择1.---Ithinkeverychildneeds

atleast(至少)eighthoursaday.---Ithinkso.A.sleepsB.sleepC.sleepingD.tosleep2.Ioftenseesomeboys

baseballafterschool.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.areplaying3.---WhatshouldIdo?---You

writehimaletter.A.needB.wouldC.couldD.must4.Pleasetellthechildren

makingnoise.Thebabyissleeping.A.stopB.tostopC.stoppingD.stopped5.ThetalkshowonTVisverypopular.Itoftenmakespeople

.A.laughB.laughingC.tolaughD.laughed6.Lilyencouragedhercousin

aholidayinChina.A.spendsB.spentC.tospendD.spending7.Shewon'tletherdaughter

bytheriver.A.playB.playsC.toplayD.playing8.Inthecountryweoftenhearbirds

.A.tosingB.singsC.sangD.sing9.ThedoctoraskedMary

toomuchchocolate.A.don'teatB.nottoeatC.doesn'teatD.noteat10.---Wouldyoulikesomeapplejuice?---

A.No,thanks.B.Yes,I'dlikejuice.C.No,please.D.It'sdelicious.二、完形填空Eachnationhasmanyvolunteers(志愿者)whohelptotakecareofothers.They11

bookstothepeopleinhospitalsorhomesfortheaged.Sometimestheyjustvisitthemandplaygameswiththemorlistentotheir12

.Otheryoungvolunteersgoandworkinthehomesofpeoplewhoaresickor13

.Theypaint,cleanup,14

theirhousesordotheirshopping.Forboyswhonolongerhave15

,thereisanorganizationcalledBigBrothers.Collegestudentsandothermentaketheseboystobaseballgamesorfishingplacesandhelpthemtogettoknowthingsthatboys16

learnfromtheirfathers.Eachcityhasanumberofclubs17

boysandgirlscangotoplaygamesorlearncrafts(工艺).Someoftheseclubsorganizeshorttripstothemountains,beaches,orotherplacesofinterest18

.Mostoftheseclubsusehighschoolandcollegestudentsasvolunteersbecausetheyareyoungenoughto19

thenamesofboysandgirls.Volunteersbelievethatthehappiestpeopleintheworldarethosewhohelpto20

happinesstoothers.11.A.sellB.readC.throwD.show12.A.voicesB.speechesC.songsD.problems13.A.youngB.happyC.oldD.hungry14.A.polluteB.repairC.buildD.remove15.A.brothersB.sistersC.fathersD.mothers16.A.usuallyB.neverC.onlyD.seldom17.A.whichB.whoC.whenD.where18.A.nearbyB.farawayC.abroadD.home19.A.reportB.forgetC.rememberD.choose20.A.causeB.bringC.takeD.lendBDCBCADACB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)1.你能想出其它办法解决这个问题吗?Canyou

otherwaystosolvethequestion?2.“幸运”对我的生活有很大的作用。Lucky

tomylife.3.我们经常在街上看到人们发传单。Weoftenseepeople

leafletsinthestreet.4.当你到北京时给我打电话。

whenyougettoBeijing.5.因为下大雨，运动会不得不推迟了。Thesportsmeetinghastobe

becauseoftheheavyrain.1.comeupwith2.makesabigdifference3.giveout4.Callmeup5.putoff二、阅读理解AEveryyear,moreandmorestudentsbecomevolunteers.Theprojectsmaybewiththeirschool,neighborhood,ortown,buttheworkofallvolunteersisimportant.Studentsfindthattherearemanyadvantagestovolunteering.First,volunteeringhelpsothers.Manypeoplecomplainaboutproblemsinoursociety.Volunteersarepartofthesolutiontoourproblems!Whileitiseasytocomplainaboutthingsthatarenotright,thevolunteertakesactionratherthancomplaining.Whenastudentspendstimeworkingataretirementhome,cleaningupapark,orteachingayoungerstudent,thevolunteermakestheworldabetterplace.Second,beingavolunteermakesstudentsfeelgoodaboutthemselves.Whenastudentvolunteerknowsthathisorhereffortshavemadesomeoneelse'slifebetter,thevolunteerfeelsgreat.Studentsalwayshearpeoplesayingthateveryoneshouldcareaboutotherpeople.Volunteersmakeithappen.Althoughsomevolunteerworkislongortiring,studentvolunteersendthedayknowingtheydidtherightthing.Theirparents,teachers,andthepublicareproudofthem.Knowingtheydidtherightthingmakesthemfeelbetter,eveniftheyaretired.Finally,studentslearnthatvolunteeringisfun.Agroupofstudentsmightvolunteertocleanupariverbedinearlyspring.Itisfuntobewiththeirfriends,toenjoytheweather,andtopicniclaterinabeautiful,cleanarea.Otherstudentsmightreadtoyoungchildreninaplaygroup.Itisfuntospendtimewithchildrenandtohavethemsmileandlaugh.Nomatterwhattheiragesortalentsare,everystudentcanbeavolunteer.Theworkofstudentvolunteersisapowerfulforcethatmakestheworldabetterplace.1.Thetitleofthispassageis

.A.Free-timeJobsB.DailyActivitiesC.SchoolLifeD.VolunteerWork2.Thewriterreallywantstosaythat

.A.volunteeringhelpssocietyaswellasvolunteersthemselvesB.itisfuntospendtimevolunteeringinapre-schoolC.somepeoplecomplaininsteadoftakingactionD.somevolunteerworkislongandtiring3.Accordingtothepassage,howarevolunteersdifferentfromotherpeople?A.Theynevercomplain.B.Theyalwaysfeelgreat.C.Theytakeactions.D.Theyenjoyteaching.BBecomeavolunteerandhelpthosewhoneedyourhelpinyourcommunity(社区)!Volunteerworkincludeshelpingthepoor,helpingthefamilieswhosehousesweredestroyedbynaturaldisastersorcreatinggreenspaceforneighborhoodfamilies.Whichever(无论)serviceactivityyouchoose,youhavethe"powerofone"tomakeadifferenceandcreatearealchangeinthecommunity!OurholidayvolunteerjobsareopentoallAmericans.Youdon'tneedanyspecialskillstojoinandtherearenoagelimits(限制).WithBiosphereExpedition(生物探险),youcanbeawildlifeandenvironmentalvolunteerforanywherefromtwoweekstotwomonths.You'llworkwithlocalscientists,andtheleadersfromBiosphereExpeditionwillbebyyourside.Weneedstudentsattheageof16andupwhostudyatschoolandwantachancetousetheirtalents,skillsandknowledgetohelpthelittlekids.Mostofthemhaveenoughpatienceandarewarmhearted.JointheVolunteerServiceCentertoday!Volunteersarethegreatestpeopleintheworld.Let'sworktogethertomaketheworldabetterplace.4.Thevolunteerscan

inthecommunity.A.lookafterpetsB.helpthepoorpeopleC.buyhousesforthehomelessD.cleanuptheyards5.TheBiosphereExpeditionisprobablyheld

.A.forthreemonthsB.insummervacationC.onlybylocalscientistsD.betweenAmericaandChina6.IfWuDongis

yearsold,hemayjointheVolunteerServiceCenter.A.11B.13C.15D.177.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thevolunteershouldcreategreenspaceforallthefamilies.B.Thevolunteercanchooseanyserviceactivityinthecommunity.C.Todotheholidayvolunteerwork,specialskillsarerequired.D.Aboywhodoesn'tstudyatschoolcanbeavolunteertohelpthelittlekids.8.WhatistheBESTtitleforthesethreeads?A.VolunteersWantedB.AJobInterviewC.AnExpeditionClubD.EducationServiceC（2013-2014西城期末试题）Howmanythingscanyouseeinthenightsky?Alot!OnaclearnightyoumightseetheMoon,someplanets,andthousandsofshiningstars.Youcanseeevenmorewiththehelpofnewinventions.Youmightseestarswherebeforeyouonlysawdarkspace.Youmightseethatmanystarslooklargerthanothers.Youmightseethatsomestarsthatlookwhitearereallyredorblue.Withbiggerandbiggertelescopesyoucanseemoreandmoreobjectsinthesky.Youcanfindoutmoreaboutthoseobjects.Butscientistsbelievetherearesomethingsintheskythatwewillneversee.Wewon'tseethemwiththebiggesttelescopeintheworld,ontheclearestnightoftheyear.That'sbecausetheycan'tbeseen.They'rethemysterious(神秘的)deadstarscalledblackholes.Youmightfindithardtoimaginethatstarsdie.Butstarsdoburnoutanddieafterbillionsofyears.Asastarburns,itgivesofflightandheat.Butwhenthestarburnsout,itbeginstodie.Asthestarcools,theouterpartsofthestarpullintowardthecenter.Thestarsquashesintoasmallerandsmallerball.Ifthestarwasverysmall,thestarendsupasacold,darkballcalledablackdwarf(黑矮星).Ifthestarwasverybig,itkeepssquashinginwarduntilit'spackedtogethertighter(紧的)thananythingintheuniverse.ImagineiftheEarthweresquasheduntilitwasthesizeofatinyball.That'showtightlythisdeadstar,ablackhole,ispacked.Whatpullsthestarintowarditscenterwithsuchpower?It'sthesameforce(力量)thatpullsyoudownwhenyoujump—theforcecalledgravity(重力).Ablackholeissotightlypackedthatitsgravitysucks(吸收)ineverything—evenlight.Thelightfromablackholecannevercomebacktoyoureyes.That'swhyyouseenothingbutblackness.Sothenexttimeyoulookupintothenightsky,remember:there'smoreinthesky!